JP2014091925A - Erection method, and measurement unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an erection method, with which an erection construction can be smoothly performed by easily and securely measuring the top of column members that is measurement target points.SOLUTION: An erection method in the present invention with a condition that steel frame columns 3 and steel frame girders 4 in the quantity good for one block are installed, comprises: a setting procedure, in which, each top of the steel frame columns 3 is called measurement target point M1 to M8, the top face of a steel frame girder 4A which the measurement target points M1 to M8 can be seen from is called a measuring point P, and reference points O1 and O2 are set up at two points that can be seen from the measuring point P; a measuring procedure, in which relative positions of the measurement target points M1 to M8 with the reference points O1 and O2 as reference are obtained by measuring positions of the reference points O1 and O2 relative to the measuring point P and positions of the measuring target points M1 to M8 relative to the measuring point P; and a correction procedure, in which an erection of the steel frame columns 3 and the steel frame girders 4 in the quantity good for one block is corrected based on the positions of the measuring target points M1 to M8.

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction method and a measurement unit.

  Conventionally, automatic surveying and accuracy management using a total station system has been performed in steel frame construction (see Patent Document 1).

The total station system includes a total station that is a measurement device and a reflecting prism that reflects light emitted from the total station toward the measurement device.
The total station includes a distance measuring device that emits light and measures the distance to the reflecting prism, and a theodolite that measures angles of the light emitting direction with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. According to this measuring apparatus, the relative position of the reflecting prism with respect to the total station is measured with high accuracy based on the light emission direction and the distance to the reflecting prism.

  Specifically, in steel frame construction work, a total station is installed at a predetermined place on the ground, looking up the top of all steel columns that are measurement points from this location, and measuring the position of the top of each steel column, Adjust the erection.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-137871

However, in the steel frame construction of high-rise buildings, as the construction progresses and the steel frame construction area moves to the upper layer, there are cases where it is not possible to see all the steel column tops from the total station on the ground.
In this case, it is necessary to replace the total station with a place where the entire steel frame construction area can be seen around the building, but it is difficult to find an appropriate installation place.

  An object of this invention is to provide the construction method and measuring unit which can measure the top part of the column member which is a measurement object point easily and reliably, and can implement construction work smoothly.

  The construction method according to claim 1 is a construction method for assembling a set of a plurality of column members (for example, a steel column 3 described later) and a beam member (for example, a steel large beam 4 described later). With the pair of column members and beam members attached, the tops of the column members are set as measurement target points (for example, measurement target points M1 to M8 described later), and the measurement target points are selected from the upper surfaces of the beam members. A setting procedure (for example, step S1 to be described later) in which a position that can be seen is set as a measurement point (for example, measurement point P to be described later) and reference points (for example, reference points O1 and O2 to be described later) are provided at two locations that can be viewed from the measurement point , S2) and a measurement procedure for determining the position of the measurement target point with reference to the reference point by measuring the relative position of the reference point with respect to the measurement point and the relative position of the measurement target point with respect to the measurement point ( For example, after Steps S3 to S5) and a correction procedure (for example, Steps S6 to S8 described later) for correcting the set of the column member and the beam member based on the position of the measurement target point. It is characterized by.

  The construction method according to claim 2 covers a box-shaped frame (for example, a frame 21 described later), a measuring device (for example, a measuring device 22 described later) housed in the frame, and a side surface of the frame. The measurement apparatus uses a measurement unit (for example, a measurement unit 11 described later) including a shutter (for example, a shutter 23 described later) and an opening / closing mechanism (for example, an opening / closing mechanism 24 described later) for opening and closing the shutter. (For example, the reflecting prism 12 described later) is irradiated with light, and the relative position of the target with respect to the measuring device is measured based on the reflected light of the target. Before attaching the column member and beam member, attach the measurement unit with the shutter closed to the beam member provided with the measurement point. Both the column member provided with the measurement target point and the procedure for installing the target at the reference point (for example, step S1 described later), and the procedure for attaching the set of column member and beam member (for example, described later) Step S2), and the measurement procedure includes a procedure of driving the opening / closing mechanism of the measurement unit to expose the measurement device to the outside of the frame (for example, step S3 described later), and the measurement device. As the measurement point, the measurement device measures the relative position of the reference point with respect to the measurement device and the relative position of the measurement target point with respect to the measurement device, and obtains the position of the measurement target point with reference to the reference point. A procedure (for example, steps S4 and S5 described later).

  The measurement unit according to claim 3 includes a box-shaped frame, a measurement device housed in the frame, a shutter that covers a side surface of the frame, and an opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes the shutter. The measuring device irradiates light toward the target, and measures the relative position of the target with respect to the measuring device based on the reflected light of the target.

According to this invention, since the top of each column member that is a measurement target point is measured from this measurement point using the upper surface of one beam member as a measurement point, the measurement target point is easily and reliably measured, Construction can be carried out smoothly.
Further, since the measurement unit is attached to the upper surface of one beam member on the ground, when the column member and the beam member are attached, the measurement device is also integrally installed at a high place. Therefore, the measurement device can be easily installed at a position where all measurement target points can be seen. Further, it is not necessary for the measurement worker to go up to a high place for installing the measurement device, and the safety of the measurement worker can be ensured.
At this time, since the measurement device is housed in the frame and the member is mounted at a high place, the measurement device is protected by the frame during the assembly work of the member. It is possible to prevent the device from failing.

In addition, after attaching the column member and the beam member, the opening / closing mechanism is driven only during measurement work to expose the measurement device from the frame, so that the measurement device breaks down when another member or wind and rain hits the measurement device. Can be more reliably prevented.
Further, if the opening / closing mechanism is operated remotely, the measurement worker does not need to move to a high place in order to operate the measurement device, and the safety of the measurement worker can be ensured.

  According to the present invention, the top surface of one beam member is taken as a measurement point, and the top of each column member that is a measurement target point is measured from this measurement point. Construction can be carried out smoothly.

It is a perspective view of the steel structure to which the construction method concerning one embodiment of the present invention was applied. It is a side view, a longitudinal cross-sectional view, and a transverse cross-sectional view of the measuring unit of the building method according to the embodiment. It is an expansion cross-sectional view of the shutter of the measurement unit which concerns on the said embodiment. It is an expanded sectional view of the opening / closing mechanism of the measurement unit according to the embodiment. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the measurement unit which concerns on the said embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the control apparatus of the measurement unit which concerns on the said embodiment. It is a flowchart of the procedure of the construction method which concerns on the said embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a steel structure 1 to which a construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
The steel structure 1 is constructed by assembling the steel member 2 for one block of the lowermost layer (first section) by a steel frame construction work. The steel member 2 includes a steel column 3 as a column member extending in a substantially vertical direction, and a steel beam 4 as a beam member extending in a substantially horizontal direction.

In the state where the steel member 2 is attached, the tops of the steel columns 3 are set as measurement target points M1 to M8. Further, a position where the measurement target points M1 to M8 can be seen through the top of the steel column 3 is defined as a measurement point P. Specifically, this measurement point P is provided immediately above the substantially central portion of the steel beam 4A at the upper left in FIG.
Reference points O1 and O2 are provided at two locations on the ground that can be seen from the measurement point P.

The construction method of the present invention constructs the steel member 2 of the steel structure 1 using the measurement system 10.
The measurement system 10 includes a measurement unit 11 attached to the steel beam 4A and having a measurement device 22, a reflection prism 12 as a target, and a control device 13 installed in a management office in the field.

  The reflecting prism 12 is arranged at the measurement points M1 to M8 at the reference points O1 and O2 and the top of the steel column 3.

  The measuring device 22 provided in the measuring unit 11 is a total station and can collimate within a range of 360 ° in the horizontal direction and a predetermined angle in the vertical direction. The measuring device 22 irradiates light toward the reflecting prism 12, and measures the relative position of the reflecting prism 12 with respect to the measuring device 22 based on the reflected light of the reflecting prism 12.

FIG. 2 is a side view, a longitudinal sectional view, and a transverse sectional view of the measuring unit 11.
The raising base 5 is attached to the upper and lower two stages at a substantially central portion of the steel beam 4A, and the measurement unit 11 is provided on the upper raising stage 5.
The measuring unit 11 includes a box-shaped frame 21, a measuring device 22 that is an automatic collimating total station accommodated in the frame 21, a shutter 23 that covers the side of the frame 21, and opens and closes the shutter 23. And an opening / closing mechanism 24.

  The frame 21 includes a disk-shaped base 211, a disk-shaped canopy 212 that covers the base 211 from above, a column 213 that extends upward from the outside of the base 211 and supports the canopy 212, and extends from the column 213. And a support arm 214 that supports one end of the shutter 23.

  An automatic leveling table 221 that automatically ensures horizontality is placed on the base 211, and the measuring device 22 is provided on the automatic leveling table 221 and covered with the canopy 212 from above. .

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the shutter 23.
The disc-shaped base 211 and canopy 212 are provided with a pair of annular concave rails 215 extending along the outer periphery and facing each other (see FIG. 2).
The shutter 23 has a foldable bellows shape, and the shutter 23 is provided so as to be foldable along a pair of rails 215.
Specifically, the shutter 23 is configured by connecting a plurality of flat slats 231 in the horizontal direction so as to be rotatable relative to each other. Rollers 232 that can run in a pair of rails 215 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the connecting portion between the slats 231.

  The front end of the support arm 214 extends to the rail 215, and one end side of the shutter 23 in the horizontal direction is connected to the front end of the support arm 214.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the opening / closing mechanism 24.
The opening / closing mechanism 24 includes a rotary arm 30 rotatably provided inside the top of the canopy 212 of the frame 21, a cylinder mechanism 31 that is supported by the column 213 of the frame 21 and moves the piston 32 forward and backward, and the cylinder mechanism 31. A transmission mechanism 33 that converts the forward / backward movement of the piston 32 into the rotational movement of the rotary arm 30.
The other end side of the shutter 23 in the horizontal direction is connected to the distal end side of the rotary arm 30.

The transmission mechanism 33 includes a first sprocket 331 rotatably provided on the column 213, a second sprocket 332 connected to the rotary arm 30 and rotatably provided outside the canopy 212, and the first sprocket 331. And a second sprocket 332, and a joint link 334 provided at the tip of the piston 32 and connected to the chain 333.
The cylinder mechanism 31 can advance and retract the piston 32 along the length direction of the chain 333.

The above measurement unit 11 exposes the measurement device 22 from the frame 21 as follows.
That is, the cylinder mechanism 31 is driven to move the piston 32 forward and backward. Then, since the piston 32 and the chain 333 are connected by the joint link 334, the chain 333 also advances and retreats, and the sprockets 331 and 332 rotate. Since the sprocket 332 is connected to the rotary arm 30, the rotary arm 30 rotates.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotary arm 30 rotates clockwise in FIG. 5, the shutter 23 is folded, and the measuring device 22 is exposed from the frame 21.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the control device 13.
The control device 13 controls the measuring device 22 and the opening / closing mechanism 24. The control device 13 includes an input means 41 composed of a keyboard and a mouse, a display means 42 such as a monitor, a storage means 43 for storing information such as a hard disk, and a management terminal 44.

  The storage unit 43 stores in advance the correct three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M8 and also stores a program for executing processing shown in a flowchart described later.

The management terminal 44 can be accessed from another computer or the portable terminal 45 by a wireless LAN or a wired LAN.
The management terminal 44 executes various programs, and is a mechanism control means 50, a coordinate system setting means 51, a measurement means 52, a program developed on an OS (Operating System) that performs operation control. An error calculating unit 53 and an error totaling unit 54 are provided.

The mechanism control means 50 drives the opening / closing mechanism 24 to open / close the shutter 23 to expose the measuring device 22 to the outside of the frame 21.
The coordinate system setting means 51 collimates the reflecting prism 12 on the reference points O1 and O2 by the measuring device 22, obtains the relative positions of the reference points O1 and O2 with respect to the measuring device 22, and obtains a tertiary for measurement. Set the original coordinate system.

  The measuring means 52 collimates the reflecting prism 12 of the measurement target points M1 to M8 by the measurement device 22, obtains the relative positions of the measurement target points M1 to M8 with respect to the measurement device 22, and uses the set three-dimensional coordinate system. The three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M8 are obtained.

  The error calculation means 53 reads the correct three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M8 from the storage means 43, compares them with the calculated three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M8, and obtains this difference as a construction error. .

  The error totaling means 54 totalizes and organizes construction errors and stores them in the storage means 43 as an accuracy management record.

  The portable terminal 45 can access the management terminal 44 via a wireless LAN line by installing a dedicated application.

  Next, the procedure of steel frame construction will be described using the flowchart of FIG.

First, in step S1, measurement target points M1 to M8, measurement point P, and reference points O1 and O2 are set. Then, on the ground, the measurement unit 11 is attached to the substantially central portion of the steel beam 4A provided with the measurement point P with the shutter 23 closed.
In addition, the reflecting prism 12 is attached to the measurement target points M1 to M8 at the top of the steel column 3, and the reflecting prism 12 is installed at two reference points O1 and O2 on the ground.

In step S2, the steel column 3 for 1 block is built, and the steel beam 4 which connects these steel columns 3 is attached after that. In this state, the bolt is temporarily tightened to temporarily fix the steel column 3 and the steel beam 4.
In step S <b> 3, the opening / closing mechanism 24 is driven to open the shutter 23 to expose the measuring device 22 to the outside of the frame 21. Then, the measuring device 22 at this high location is the measurement point P, and can see the reference points O1 and O2 and the measurement target points M1 to M8.

In step S4, the coordinate system setting means 51 drives the measuring device 22 to collimate the reflecting prism 12 at the reference points O1 and O2, and sets a three-dimensional coordinate system for measurement.
Specifically, the measuring device 22 automatically collimates the reflecting prism 12 at the reference points O1 and O2, and obtains the relative positions of the reference points O1 and O2 with respect to the measuring device 22. Then, the measuring device 22 sets a three-dimensional coordinate system based on the obtained relative position, and transmits it to the management terminal 44 via the wireless LAN.

  In step S5, the measuring device 52 is driven by the measuring unit 52 to collimate the reflecting prism 12 of the measurement target points M1 to M8, and the three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M6 are obtained.

Specifically, the correct three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M8 are read from the storage unit 43, and the measurement device 22 is automatically directed toward the read three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M8. Collimate.
Then, the relative positions of the measurement target points M1 to M8 with respect to the measurement device 22 are obtained. The measuring device 22 calculates the positions of the measurement target points M1 to M8 with reference to the reference points O1 and O2, that is, the three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M8, based on the obtained relative positions, and uses a wireless LAN. It transmits to the management terminal 44.

  In step S6, the error calculation means 53 reads the correct three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M6 from the storage means 43, compares them with the calculated three-dimensional position coordinates of the measurement target points M1 to M6, and calculates this difference. The construction error is obtained and displayed on the display means 42.

In step S7, it is determined whether or not the erection adjustment is completed. When this determination is No, the process proceeds to step S8, and when it is Yes, the process proceeds to step S9.
In step S8, the construction worker accesses the management terminal 44 from the portable terminal 45, confirms the construction error, and corrects the installation of the installed steel column 3 and the steel beam 4 using the rebuilding wire. To do. Thereafter, the process returns to step S5.

In step S9, since the steel frame construction work is completed, the mechanism control means 50 drives the opening / closing mechanism 24 of the measurement unit 11 to close the shutter 23, and the measurement device 22 is covered with the shutter 23.
Further, construction errors are totaled and organized by the error totaling means 54 and stored in the storage means 43 as an accuracy management record.
Although not shown in the figure, after that, final tightening and welding operations using high-strength bolts are performed, and after these operations are completed, the process returns to step S5 and final measurement is performed again. These operations are performed for each block.

According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) Since the top of each steel column 3 that is the measurement target points M1 to M8 is measured from the measurement point P with the upper surface of the steel beam 4A as the measurement point P, the measurement target points M1 to M8 are easily and reliably measured. And construction work can be carried out smoothly.

Moreover, since the measurement unit 11 is attached to the steel beam 4A on the ground, when these steel members 2 are attached, the measurement device 22 is also integrally installed at a high place. Therefore, the measurement device 22 can be easily installed at the measurement point P where all the measurement target points M1 to M8 can be seen. Moreover, it is not necessary for the measurement worker to go up to a high place for mounting the measurement device 22, and the safety of the measurement worker can be ensured.
At this time, since the steel beam 4A is mounted at a high place while the measuring device 22 is housed in the frame 21, the measuring device 22 is protected by the frame 21 during the construction of the steel frame. It is possible to prevent the measuring device 22 from being damaged due to collision of other members.

Further, after the construction of the steel frame is completed, the opening / closing mechanism 24 is driven only during the measurement work to open the shutter 23 and expose the measurement device 22 from the frame 21, so that the measurement device 22 is exposed to other members or wind and rain. It can prevent more reliably that the measuring device 22 fails.
Further, since the opening / closing mechanism 24 is remotely operated by the control device 13, it is not necessary for the measurement worker to move to a high place in order to operate the measurement device 22, and the safety of the measurement worker can be ensured.

(2) In the measurement operation, the three-dimensional position slips of the measurement target points M1 to M8 are obtained by the measurement device, and the obtained three-dimensional position slips of the measurement target points M1 to M8 and the measurement target points M1 to M8 are correct. Compare the 3D position coordinates and repeat the work to correct the erection.
Here, since the measurement order of the measurement target points M1 to M8 is programmed and stored in the storage means 43 in advance, the measurement work can be automatically completed. Therefore, the time required for measurement can be greatly shortened, and more accurate accuracy management can be performed by repeatedly measuring one measurement target point.

  (3) Since the measurement result of the measurement device 22 is automatically and instantaneously transferred to the control device 13 and the construction errors of the measurement target points M1 to M8 are displayed in real time, the erection operation can be performed smoothly. .

Also, by providing the assembly worker with the portable terminal 45 installed with the dedicated application, not only the measurement worker but also the assembly worker can check the measurement result on the portable terminal 45 and immediately correct the erection. . For this reason, as in the past, the measurement worker measured the construction error, communicated the position dimensions to be corrected to the assembly worker, and the assembly worker corrected the erection and then measured again. The work process can be greatly simplified.
In addition, by giving the person in charge of the portable terminal 45 to the person in charge of the field, the person in charge of the field can check the measurement result on the portable terminal 45 and can easily grasp the progress of the erection work.

  (4) When the steel frame construction work is completed, the error totaling unit 54 totals and sorts the construction errors and stores them in the storage unit 43 as a quality control record. As a result, it is possible to reduce the labor of the person in charge of construction related to the report creation and to improve the work efficiency.

  (5) Since the measuring device 22 is installed on the automatic leveling table 221, the measuring device 22 can be automatically placed on a horizontal plane.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, etc. within a scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to the accuracy management of the steel structure 1, but is not limited thereto, and can also be applied to the accuracy management of the precast concrete structure and the accuracy management of the pile core position in the pile construction.

M1 to M8 ... measurement target points P ... measurement points O1, O2 ... reference points 1 ... steel structure 2 ... steel members 3 ... steel columns (column members)
4, 4A ... Steel beam (beam member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 ... Raising stand 10 ... Measuring system 11 ... Measuring unit 12 ... Reflecting prism 13 ... Control device 21 ... Frame 22 ... Measuring device 23 ... Shutter 24 ... Opening / closing mechanism 30 ... Rotating arm 31 ... Cylinder mechanism 32 ... Piston 33 ... Transmission mechanism 41 ... Input means 42 ... Display means 43 ... Storage means 44 ... Management terminal 45 ... Mobile terminal 50 ... Mechanism control means 51 ... Coordinate system setting means 52 ... Measurement means 53 ... Error calculation means 54 ... Error counting means 211 ... Base 212 ... Canopy part 213 ... support post 214 ... support arm 215 ... rail 221 ... automatic leveling base 231 ... slat 232 ... roller 331 ... first sprocket 332 ... second sprocket 333 ... chain 334 ... joint link

Claims (3)

A construction method for assembling a set of a plurality of column members and beam members,
With the set of column members and beam members attached, the top of each column member is a measurement target point, and the position where the measurement target point can be seen on the upper surface of each beam member is a measurement point. A setting procedure for providing reference points at two locations that can be seen from the measurement points;
A measurement procedure for determining a position of the measurement target point with reference to the reference point by measuring a relative position of the reference point with respect to the measurement point and a relative position of the measurement target point with respect to the measurement point;
A construction method comprising: a modification procedure for modifying the set of the column member and the beam member based on the position of the measurement target point. Using a measurement unit including a box-shaped frame, a measurement device housed in the frame, a shutter that covers a side surface of the frame, and an opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes the shutter,
The measuring device irradiates light toward the target, and measures the relative position of the target with respect to the measuring device based on the reflected light of the target,
In the setting procedure, before the set of column members and beam members are attached, the measurement unit is attached to the beam member where the measurement points are provided in a state where the shutter is closed, and the measurement target points are provided. A step of installing the target on a column member and the reference point, and a step of attaching the set of column members and a beam member,
The measurement procedure includes a procedure of driving an opening / closing mechanism of the measurement unit to expose the measurement device to the outside of the frame;
Using the measurement device as the measurement point, the measurement device measures the relative position of the reference point with respect to the measurement device and the relative position of the measurement target point with respect to the measurement device, and uses the measurement point as a reference. The construction method according to claim 1, further comprising: A box-shaped frame;
A measuring device housed inside the frame;
A shutter covering a side surface of the frame;
An opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the shutter,
The measurement unit irradiates light toward a target, and measures a relative position of the target with respect to the measurement device based on reflected light of the target.

Images