JP2014091067A - Water purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized water purifier capable of purifying water in a simple manner at low cost.SOLUTION: A water purifier 100 for purifying waste water 1 includes: a reaction tank 131 for accommodating the waste water 1 therein; a plurality of laminated meshes of active carbon fibers 133 having oxidizing capability which are arranged in the reaction tank 131 so as to be contacted with the waste water 1 in the reaction tank 131; and a bubbling unit 132 for supplying air 11 in nano-bubble form to the waste water 1 in the reaction tank 131.

Description

  The present invention relates to a water purification apparatus.

  A conventional water purification device for purifying sewage such as sewers is shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the outlet of the pump 901 that draws sewage 1 such as sewers communicates with a screening tank 911 equipped with a screen 912 that separates large solids 2 in the sewage 1. The screening tank 911 communicates with an intake port of a water intake pump 902 that takes in the sewage 1 separated from the large solid material 2 by the screen 912. The outlet of the water intake pump 902 communicates with an initial settling tank 921 for settling the sedimentary solids 3 in the sewage 1. The first settling tank 921 communicates with a receiving port of a water supply pump 903 that supplies the upper sewage 1 in which the settling solid matter 3 is settled.

  The outlet of the water pump 903 communicates with a reaction tank 931 that performs microorganism treatment of the pollutant in the sewage 1 from which the solid precipitate 3 has been separated with activated sludge. The reaction tank 931 includes a bubbling device 932 that supplies air 11 into the sewage 1 in the reaction tank 931, a stirring device 933 that stirs the reaction tank 931 with a stirring blade 933a, and the reaction tank 931. And an adding device 934 for adding the flocculant 12 to the aggregating agent 12.

  The reaction tank 931 communicates with an inlet of a feed pump 904 that feeds the treated water 4 treated with microorganisms in the reaction tank 931. The delivery port of the feed pump 904 communicates with a final sedimentation tank 941 that settles the activated sludge 5 in the treated water 4. The final sedimentation tank 941 communicates with a receiving port of a delivery pump 905 that delivers the treated water 4 of the supernatant in which the activated sludge has been settled. The delivery port of the delivery pump 905 communicates with the outside of the system such as rivers, lakes and the sea.

  In such a conventional water purification apparatus 900, the sewage 1 such as a sewer is pumped into the screening tank 911 by the pump 901, and the large solid 2 is separated by the screen 912, and then the water pump. In 902, the sewage 1 is first taken into the sedimentation tank 921, and the sedimentary solid 3 in the sewage 1 is settled, and then the upper layer is fed into the reaction tank 931 by the water pump 903. .

  At the same time, the agitation agent 933 is operated and the agitation blade 933a is agitated, while the aggregating agent 12 is added to the reaction tank 931 by the addition device 934, and the air 11 is bubbled by the bubbling device 932. Then, the pollutant in the sewage 1 is treated with microorganisms by activated sludge.

  The treated water 4 thus treated with microorganisms is fed into the final sedimentation tank 921 by the feed pump 904, and the activated sludge 5 is settled and separated, and then the supernatant is fed into a river or lake by the feed pump 905. And discharged outside the system such as the sea. Part of the activated sludge 5 settled and separated in the final sedimentation tank 921 is returned to the reaction tank 931 and used again for microbial treatment, while the rest is separated in the screening tank 911. The large solids 2 and the precipitating solids 3 separated in the initial settling tank 921 are discarded.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-003873 JP 2007-075723 A JP 2012-012729 A

  The conventional water treatment apparatus 900 as described above has the following problems because the pollutant in the sewage 1 is treated with microorganisms with activated sludge.

(1) Since the microbial treatment takes a long time, the entire apparatus is increased in size to maintain a necessary processing amount.

(2) Environmental management and nutrition management in the reaction tank 931 and the final sedimentation tank 941 must be continuously performed so that microorganisms in the activated sludge 5 are not killed, which is very troublesome for maintenance management. In addition, if the microorganisms in the activated sludge 5 are killed, a great deal of labor and time are required until the processing is interrupted and restarted.

(3) The activated sludge 5 gradually increases with the microbial treatment, and the surplus activated sludge 5 must be disposed of, resulting in an increase in processing costs.

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device that can easily purify water at a low cost while being small in size.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a water purification device according to the present invention is a water purification device that purifies water, wherein the water holding means that allows the water to be contained therein, and the water inside the water holding means. Activated carbon disposed inside the water holding means so as to be in contact with the water and having oxidizing ability, and bubbling means for supplying oxygen-containing gas into the water inside the water holding means in the form of bubbles. It is characterized by.

  The water purification apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the water purification apparatus described above, the activated carbon is made of activated carbon fibers.

  Moreover, the water purification apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described water purification apparatus, the activated carbon is a laminate of a plurality of activated carbon fibers formed in a mesh shape.

  Moreover, the water purification apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described water purification apparatus, the bubbling means supplies the oxygen-containing gas into the water as microbubbles having an average diameter of 50 μm or less.

  Moreover, the water purification apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described water purification apparatus, the bubbling means supplies the oxygen-containing gas into the water as nanobubbles having an average diameter of 1000 nm or less.

  Moreover, the water purification apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described water purification apparatus, the oxygen-containing gas is composed of at least one of air, oxygen gas, and ozone gas.

  According to the water purification apparatus of the present invention, a necessary amount of pollutants in water can be quickly and quickly processed without microbial treatment with activated sludge. Water can be purified.

It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of main embodiment of the water purification apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of other embodiment of the water purification apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of an example of the conventional water purification apparatus.

  Although the embodiment of the water purification apparatus concerning the present invention is described based on a drawing, the water purification apparatus concerning the present invention is not limited only to the following embodiments explained based on a drawing.

<Main embodiment>
A main embodiment of a water purification apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the outlet of a pumping pump 101 that pumps sewage 1 such as sewers communicates with a screening tank 111 that is equipped with a screen 112 that separates large solids 2 in the sewage 1. The screening tank 111 communicates with an intake port of a water intake pump 102 that takes in the sewage 1 separated from the large solid material 2 by the screen 112. The outlet of the water intake pump 102 communicates with an initial settling tank 121 for settling the sedimentary solids 3 in the sewage 1. The first settling tank 121 communicates with a receiving port of a water supply pump 103 that supplies the upper sewage 1 in which the settling solid matter 3 is settled.

  The outlet of the water pump 103 communicates with a reaction tank 131 which is a water holding means for storing the sewage 1 from which the solid precipitate 3 has been separated. Inside the reaction vessel 131, activated carbon fibers 133, which are activated carbons having an oxidizing ability, which are formed in a mesh and stacked, are arranged so as to come into contact with the sewage 1 inside the reaction vessel 131. ing.

  Between the delivery port of the water pump 103 and the activated carbon fiber 133 inside the reaction tank 131, an average diameter of 1000 nm or less (preferably an average diameter of 100 to 100 nm) in the sewage 1 inside the reaction tank 131. 500 nm) is provided with an injection nozzle 132 a of a bubbling device 132 that is a bubbling means for supplying nanobubble air 11, and the injection nozzle 132 a of the bubbling device 132 supplies the air 11 of nanobubbles to the activated carbon fiber 133. Oriented to spray towards

  The surface of the reaction tank 131 facing the surface of the activated carbon fiber 133 from which the air 11 of nanobubbles is injected from the injection nozzle 132a of the bubbling device 132 has passed the activated carbon fiber 133. The receiving port of the delivery pump 105 that delivers the treated water 4 is in communication. The delivery port of the delivery pump 105 communicates with the outside of the system such as rivers, lakes and the sea.

  In such a water purification apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, the sewage 1 such as a sewer is pumped into the screening tank 111 by the pumping pump 101, and the large solid material 2 is separated by the screen 112. The sewage 1 is first taken into the sedimentation tank 121 by the water intake pump 102 and the settling solid matter 3 in the sewage 1 is settled, and then the upper layer is put into the reaction tank 131 by the water pump 103. To send.

  At the same time, when the bubbling device 132 is operated to inject the nanobubble air 11 from the injection nozzle 132a toward the activated carbon fiber 133 in the sewage 1, the air 11 enters the sewage 1. A cell membrane of microorganisms in the pollutant that is rapidly and uniformly diffused and dissolved in the sewage 1 by the collapse of nanobubbles, and also generates OH radicals and oxygen atoms and dissolves or floats in the sewage 1 It reacts with organic substances with large molecular weights such as aromatic substances and high molecular weight substances such as substances in cell membranes, virus capsids and nucleic acids, etc., and finely decomposes into organic substances with small molecular weights.

Thus, the pollutant such as an organic substance having a small molecular weight which is finely decomposed and dissolved or floats in the wastewater 1, together with the oxygen dissolved in the wastewater 1, the mesh of the activated carbon fiber 133. By circulating, the active point that fulfills the catalytic function in the fine structure (micropore) of the activated carbon fiber 133 is easily reached, and the hydrogen bond is released by the oxidizing ability of the active point, The inorganic oxygen such as carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) or carbonate ion (CO ₃ ^-2 ) is combined with the dissolved oxygen. As a result, the polluted water 1 is removed of the pollutant and becomes treated water 4 and passes through the activated carbon fiber 133.

  In this way, the treated water 4 from which the pollutant has been removed and passed through the activated carbon fiber 133 is discharged out of the system such as rivers, lakes, and seas by the delivery pump 105.

  That is, in the water purification apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, by supplying the nanobubble air 11 into the sewage 1, the organic substance having a high molecular weight (polluting substance) is finely reduced to an organic substance having a low molecular weight (polluting substance). The organic substance (polluted substance) having a small molecular weight is decomposed into the activated carbon fiber 133 by rapidly and uniformly diffusing and dissolving oxygen in the waste water 1 and circulating the activated carbon fiber 133. The active site of the catalyst function in the fine structure (micropore) of the catalyst is easily reached so that it reacts easily with the dissolved oxygen and is rapidly converted to inorganic carbon.

  For this reason, in the water purification apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment, the said pollutant in the required amount of the said sewage 1 can be rapidly processed in a short time, without performing the microbial treatment by activated sludge.

  Therefore, according to the water purification apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment, the said waste water 1 can be easily purified at low cost, although it is small.

  In addition, since the air 11 is supplied into the sewage 1 in the reaction tank 131 by the bubbling device 132, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the sewage 1 in the reaction tank 131 can be constantly increased. Since it can do, the said pollutant in the said waste water 1 can be processed continuously, and processing efficiency can be improved.

  Further, the injection nozzle 132a of the bubbling device 132 is disposed between the feed port of the water pump 103 and the activated carbon fiber 133 inside the reaction tank 131, that is, the inside of the reaction tank 131. Since the injection nozzle 132a of the bubbling device 132 is disposed upstream of the activated carbon fiber 133 in the flow direction of the sewage 1, the nanobubble air 11 injected from the injection nozzle 132a is used as the activated carbon fiber. 133 can be efficiently fed, and the processing efficiency can be increased.

  By the way, the distance between the injection nozzle 132a of the bubbling device 132 and the activated carbon fiber 133 is the flow rate of the sewage 1, the injection amount of the air 11 from the injection nozzle 132a, the sewage 1 According to various conditions, such as the density | concentration of the said pollutant, it sets suitably so that the decomposition process of the said pollutant in the said waste water 1 can fully be implemented.

  In addition, as the activated carbon fiber 133 which is activated carbon having oxidizing ability, for example, activated carbon fiber described in Patent Document 3 (zero charge point is 8.0 or more), activated by Toyobo Co., Ltd. Examples include carbon fiber “K filter (trade name)”, activated carbon fiber “Fineguard (trade name)” manufactured by Toho Tenax Co., Ltd., and activated carbon fiber manufactured by Fuji Chemical Co., Ltd. The activated carbon fiber described in Patent Document 3 (zero charge point is 8.0 or more) is very preferable.

<Other embodiments>
In addition, in embodiment mentioned above, although the case of the water purification apparatus 100 applied to the sewage treatment plant etc. which purify the sewage 1 of a sewer etc. was demonstrated, the water purification apparatus which concerns on this invention is not restricted to this, As another embodiment, for example, in a water purification plant that purifies raw water such as river water or groundwater and uses it as water, if applied instead of a treatment facility using a flocculant or a treatment facility using a chlorinating agent, a flocculant or chlorine The required amount of raw water can be quickly processed in a short time without using these chemicals in a facility that is smaller than a treatment facility that uses chemicals. As in the case of the above-described embodiment, it is small in size and low in cost. This makes it easy to purify raw water.

  Further, as another embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a water storage tank 231 that is a water holding means for temporarily storing water in a consumption area in order to secure water pressure in a water supply system such as a building or an area with a high altitude. If the water purification device 200 is provided with the bubbling device 132 disposed in the vicinity and the activated carbon fiber 133 and the injection nozzle 132a of the bubbling device 132 disposed in the water storage tank 231, the inside of the water storage tank 231 will be described. To prevent contamination of the water 6 by bacteria, viruses, etc. associated with the generation of algae, moss, etc. in the water storage tank 231 without introducing chemicals for the purpose of disinfecting or sterilizing such as calcite Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the odor of the water 6 and improve the taste of the water 6.

  Here, the jet nozzle 132a of the bubbling device 132 is located upstream of the activated carbon fiber 133 in the water storage tank 231 in the flow direction of the clean water 6, that is, the water supply port 231a and the water supply port 231b of the water storage tank 231. It is possible to dispose the activated carbon fiber 133 so as to divide between the activated carbon fiber 133 and the water supply port 231a, and the spray nozzle 132a may be disposed between the activated carbon fiber 133 and the water storage tank 231. A sufficient treatment effect can be obtained simply by disposing the activated carbon fiber 133 and the injection nozzle 132a of the bubbling device 132 at any position inside the tube. This is because the clean water 6 inside the water storage tank 231 has almost no flow velocity, and is circulated and circulated in the water storage tank 231 by the injection of the air 11 from the injection nozzle 132a to be supplied to the activated carbon fiber 133. Because it will be done.

  Furthermore, as another embodiment, for example, a water tank that is a water holding means that can contain water and the bubbling device 132 are installed in a truck bed, and the activated carbon fiber 133 and the bubbling device are installed inside the water tank. If the water purification device is provided with the jet nozzle 132a of 132, for example, it is possible to go to a disaster-stricken area where the water supply facility is damaged and purify the sewage or raw water that can be procured locally into the water. Become.

  In addition, as another embodiment, for example, the small bubbling device 132 is attached to a plastic tank which is a water holding means that can contain water, and the activated carbon fiber 133 and the bubbling device 132 are installed inside the plastic tank. If the water purification device is provided with the spray nozzle 132a, for example, it can be easily carried to a camping site such as a riverbed or a lakeside, and river water or lake water can be pumped into the poly tank. By operating the bubbling device 132, it becomes easy to purify the water in the plastic tank and procure clean water locally.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the bubbling device 132 that supplies nanobubble air 11 having an average diameter of 1000 nm or less (preferably an average diameter of 100 to 500 nm) is applied as the bubbling means has been described. For example, a bubbling device that supplies microbubble air 11 having an average diameter of 50 μm or less (preferably an average diameter of 10 to 30 μm) or a bubbling device that supplies millibubble air 11 having an average diameter of 1 to 10 mm is applied as the bubbling means. It is also possible.

  However, when the bubbling device 132 that supplies nanobubble air 11 having an average diameter of 1000 nm or less (preferably an average diameter of 100 to 500 nm) is applied as the bubbling means as in the above-described embodiment, the average diameter is 50 μm or less (preferably the average diameter). Compared to the case where a bubbling device that supplies microbubble air 11 of 10 to 30 μm) is applied as a bubbling means, the decomposition ability for finely decomposing an organic substance having a large molecular weight into an organic substance having a small molecular weight and the ability to dissolve oxygen In particular, an organic substance having a high molecular weight is finely decomposed into an organic substance having a low molecular weight, compared to the case where a bubbling device that supplies millibubble air 11 having an average diameter of 1 to 10 mm is applied as a bubbling means. The ability to dissolve and dissolve oxygen This is extremely preferable.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the bubbles of the air 11 are generated has been described. However, as another embodiment, if bubbles of oxygen gas or ozone gas are generated, it is more than that of the above-described embodiment. The organic compound having a large molecular weight is preferably decomposed into an organic substance having a small molecular weight, and the ability to dissolve oxygen can be further enhanced.

  However, if the bubble of the air 11 is generated as in the above-described embodiment, the apparatus can be reduced in size and cost compared with the case of generating the bubble of oxygen gas or ozone gas. According to the application conditions of the water purification apparatus according to the above, at least one of air, oxygen gas, and ozone gas may be appropriately selected as the oxygen-containing gas.

  In the above-described embodiment, the activated carbon fiber 133 formed in a mesh shape and stacked in a plurality is applied. However, as another embodiment, for example, activated carbon having a cloud shape formed in a cotton shape is used. It is also possible to apply fibers.

  However, as in the above-described embodiment, when the activated carbon fibers 133 formed in a mesh shape and stacked in a plurality are applied, water is circulated as compared with the case where the activated carbon fibers having a cloud shape formed in a cotton shape are applied. This is very preferable because the pressure can be reduced.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although the case where the activated carbon fiber 133 was applied was demonstrated, as another embodiment, for example, it is the activated carbon which has the oxidation ability crushed into the spherical shape or the column shape, and was filled in the mesh container. It is also possible to apply certain bamboo charcoal, bamboo charcoal that is activated carbon having an oxidizing ability that is crushed into a powder and formed into a honeycomb.

  However, when activated carbon fiber 133 is applied as in the above-described embodiment, bamboo charcoal that is crushed into a spherical shape or a cylindrical shape and filled in a mesh container, bamboo charcoal that is crushed into powder and formed into a honeycomb shape, and the like are applied. As compared to the case where the active sites that perform the catalytic function in the fine structure and express the oxidizing ability are greatly increased, if the same amount is used, a very high processing capacity can be expressed and the same level. It is very preferable to be able to express the processing capacity of the above because it can be done with a very small amount.

  Since the water purification apparatus according to the present invention can be easily purified at low cost while being small in size, it can be used extremely beneficially in various industries including water and sewage equipment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sewage 2 Large solid matter 3 Precipitated solid matter 4 Processed water 6 Water 11 Air 100 Water purification device 101 Pumping pump 102 Water intake pump 103 Water supply pump 105 Delivery pump 111 Screening tank 112 Screen 121 First sedimentation tank 131 Reaction tank 132 Bubbling device 132a injection nozzle 133 activated carbon fiber 200 water purification device 231 water storage tank 231a water supply port 231b water supply port

Claims (6)

A water purification device for purifying water,
Water holding means capable of containing the water;
Activated carbon disposed inside the water holding means so as to come into contact with the water inside the water holding means and having an oxidizing ability;
Bubbling means for supplying oxygen-containing gas into the water inside the water holding means in the form of bubbles. The water purification apparatus according to claim 1,
The water treatment apparatus, wherein the activated carbon is made of activated carbon fiber. The water purification apparatus according to claim 2,
The activated carbon is obtained by laminating a plurality of activated carbon fibers formed in a mesh shape. In the water purification apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-3,
The water purifying apparatus, wherein the bubbling means supplies the oxygen-containing gas into the water as microbubbles having an average diameter of 50 μm or less. The water purification apparatus according to claim 4,
The water purifying apparatus, wherein the bubbling means supplies the oxygen-containing gas into the water as nanobubbles having an average diameter of 1000 nm or less. In the water purification apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-5,
The water purification apparatus, wherein the oxygen-containing gas is at least one of air, oxygen gas, and ozone gas.

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