JP4649529B1 - Membrane treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a membrane treatment facility capable of generating fine bubbles for removing turbid components of a substance to be separated without requiring special power.
A high-pressure pump 2 that feeds raw water W0 to an RO membrane treatment device 1, a concentrated water passage 11 through which concentrated water W2 separated from the raw water W0 in the RO membrane treatment device 1 flows, and a concentrated water passage 11 are provided. An ozone mixer 3 that mixes ozone gas into the concentrated water W2, a pressure adjusting device 4 that discharges the concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved at a predetermined set pressure, and a concentrated water W2 discharged from the pressure adjusting device 4 And a microbubble generating nozzle 6 for generating microbubbles under reduced pressure, and a membrane treatment facility for separating turbid components of a substance to be separated contained in the concentrated water W2 from the concentrated water W2 by microbubbles And In the pressure adjusting device 4, ozone gas is dissolved in the concentrated water W <b> 2 and the pressure of the concentrated water W <b> 2 flowing through the concentrated water channel 11 is kept constant.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a membrane treatment facility used for seawater desalination and sewage regeneration treatment.

For desalination of seawater and sewage regeneration, for example, the reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) method described in Non-Patent Document 1 is well known.
Non-Patent Document 2 shows a typical flow for desalinating seawater.

According to Non-Patent Document 2, seawater, which is raw water, is subjected to sand filtration after chlorine and a flocculant are added in a pretreatment facility, and sent to an RO membrane module with a high-pressure pump.
In the RO membrane module, a part of the raw water (seawater) passes through the RO membrane and is recovered as fresh water by the cross flow method.

  On the other hand, seawater that does not permeate the RO membrane is drained as concentrated water enriched with substances to be separated such as salt and organic matter. For example, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, the concentrated water is discharged to the ocean via a wastewater treatment facility in order to preserve the marine environment.

Non-Patent Document 2 also shows a typical flow for reprocessing sewage.
For example, sewage (livestock wastewater) generated by livestock is separated into treated water that permeates the RO membrane and concentrated water that does not permeate the RO membrane after passing through pretreatment equipment consisting of biological treatment and microfiltration membrane (MF membrane). Later, the concentrated water is returned to the environment as compost after fermentation.

  For example, according to Patent Document 1, in a processing facility using an RO membrane, the discharge pressure of a high-pressure pump used for seawater desalination or sewage regeneration treatment is 5.5 to 7.0 MPa, and the pressure of the RO membrane Since the maximum loss is 0.3 MPa, the concentrated water separated by the RO membrane is in a state where a pressure of 5.2 to 6.7 MPa is applied.

  Therefore, Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a method of using the pressure of concentrated water separated by the RO membrane as the driving force of the high-pressure pump. According to the method shown in Non-Patent Document 2, it is difficult to use 100% of the pressure of the concentrated water for the driving force of the high-pressure pump, and 90% of the pressure of the concentrated water is used for the driving force of the high-pressure pump. In this case, the concentrated water is considered to have a residual pressure of 0.5 to 0.6 MPa even after the pressure is used for the driving force of the high-pressure pump.

By the way, in seawater desalination and sewage regeneration treatment by RO membrane treatment, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, prevention of membrane performance degradation (fouling) caused by external factors is an issue. It is effective to remove solids, colloids, microorganisms and organic substances by pretreatment.
Therefore, in Patent Document 2, in order to remove microorganisms (bacteria and the like), organic matter, etc. in the raw water, the pre-stage of the RO membrane module used for seawater desalination or the pre-treatment of the MF membrane for pretreatment in the sewage regeneration treatment Further, a technique for disposing a fine bubble generating device that generates fine bubbles of air or ozone gas is disclosed.
As this fine bubble generating device, a combination of a diffuser tube and a stirring blade and a device using ultrasonic waves are described, and fine bubbles having a diameter of 100 μm or less are generated.

  Further, in Patent Document 3, in a pretreatment facility having sand filtration and an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane), a fine bubble is introduced into a storage tank for UF membrane treatment using a pump for feeding raw water into the UF membrane. Techniques for generating are disclosed. And with these fine bubbles, for example, low molecular organic substances such as isopropyl alcohol are removed from the raw water by evaporation.

  Further, Patent Document 4 discloses a technique in which a contact tank and a fine bubble generating device are disposed as a pretreatment device in the subsequent stage of the filtration device and in the previous stage of the RO membrane treatment device. The fine bubble generator shown in Patent Document 4 is an ejector type, which generates fine bubbles by blowing ozone gas, and aggregates and collects pollutants and insoluble condensates in raw water. This fine bubble generator can generate fine bubbles having a diameter of 300 μm or less.

  Patent Document 5 discloses a technique in which a hopper is disposed above the water surface of the water storage tank, the height of the water surface is changed up and down, and the scum that floats and separates on the water surface is discharged out of the water storage tank. Yes.

Among the fine bubbles, those having a diameter of around 50 μm are referred to as microbubbles. As shown in Non-Patent Document 3, since microbubbles have a large specific surface area and a low rising speed compared to bubbles having a large diameter, the solubility of gas in liquid is high.
Further, as shown in Non-Patent Document 4, microbubbles have a floating separation effect due to the property that bubbles rise and the bubble interface adsorbs a substance.
Therefore, for example, the solid suspended matter contained in the concentrated water and becoming a turbid component is separated from the concentrated water by the RO membrane, and the solid suspended matter separated from the concentrated water is floated on the water surface by the floating separation effect of the microbubbles, For example, removal with a hopper shown in Patent Document 5 is performed.

JP 2001-46842 A JP 2007-24503 A JP 2009-95774 A JP 11-207394 A JP 2009-34558 A

“Membrane degradation and countermeasures for fouling”, NTT Co., Ltd., pages 3-7, 324-335, 417-421, 2008 “New Water Treatment Using Membrane”, NTS, pp. 303-316, 2000 “Characteristics of Water and New Utilization Technology”, NTS Corporation, pages 142-146, 2004 “The World of Micro Bubbles”, K. Books 192, Industrial Research Institute, Inc., 111-121, 2006

  However, for example, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, since a stirring blade and an ultrasonic generator are necessary for generating fine bubbles, power for driving these is required, and thus the operation of the RO membrane treatment facility is performed. There is a problem that the cost increases.

  Further, for example, in the technology disclosed in Patent Document 3, fine bubbles are generated using a pump for UF membrane treatment, but the flow rate of the pump is reduced to the flow rate supplied to the UF membrane treatment. Since the accompanying liquid phase flow rate is added, there is a problem that the power required for driving the pump increases.

  For example, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 4, since the ejector for generating fine bubbles is driven by the water flow of the membrane processing high-pressure pump, the power required for driving the ejector is required in addition to the power required for the membrane processing. Thus, there is a problem that the power required for driving the pump increases.

  As described above, the technique for generating fine bubbles disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 4 has a problem that special power for generating fine bubbles is required in addition to power required for RO membrane treatment. is there.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the membrane processing equipment which can generate | occur | produce the fine bubble for removing the turbid component of a to-be-separated substance, without requiring special power.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a membrane treatment facility that generates fine bubbles by using the pressure of concentrated water discharged from an RO membrane treatment apparatus.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a membrane treatment facility capable of generating fine bubbles for removing turbid components of a material to be separated without requiring special power.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the film processing equipment which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A) is a figure which shows the structure of a pressure regulator provided with a back pressure valve, (b) is a figure which shows the structure of a pressure regulator provided with a pressure transmitter. It is a side view which shows the structure of the reaction tank which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state from which a scum is discharged | emitted from a reaction tank by a turbidity removal hopper, (a) is a figure which shows the state which the water level is rising, (b) is a scum taken in by a turbidity removal hopper It is a figure which shows a state. It is a figure which shows the structure of the film processing equipment which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the film processing equipment which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the structure of the reaction tank which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the film processing equipment which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the film processing equipment which concerns on 5th Embodiment.

<< First Embodiment >>
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
The membrane treatment facility 100 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 constitutes a desalination apparatus that desalinates seawater, for example.
Seawater to be the raw water W0 is a premixer (upstream mixer 9) provided upstream of the high-pressure pump (pump) 2 after being subjected to a pretreatment in which chlorine or a flocculant is added and sand filtered in the pretreatment device 16A. , Flows through the raw water flow path 35, is pressurized to 5.5 to 7.0 MPa by the high-pressure pump 2, and is fed (pressure-fed) to the RO membrane treatment apparatus (membrane treatment apparatus) 1.
Part of the raw water W0 sent to the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 permeates the RO membrane provided in the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 to remove the substance to be separated, and the treated water W1 not containing the substance to be separated is generated.
This treated water W1 is taken out as fresh water from the membrane treatment facility 100 via the treated water flow path 10.
In addition, the to-be-separated substance removed from raw | natural water W0 when permeate | transmitting the RO membrane of RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 is raw | natural water W0, such as a solid suspended matter used as a salt content, organic substance, microorganisms, fungi, boron, and a turbid component. It is a substance contained in seawater.

On the other hand, the raw water W0 that does not pass through the RO membrane becomes the concentrated water W2 containing the substance to be separated and is discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1.
The concentrated water W2 is discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 at a pressure of 5.2 to 6.7 MPa because a pressure loss in the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 is about 0.3 MPa at maximum, and a part of the pressure is discharged. It is used for driving the high-pressure pump 2. The concentrated water W2 flows through the concentrated water flow path 11 under a pressure of 0.5 to 0.3 MPa, flows into the gas mixer (ozone mixer 3), and the ozone gas generated by the ozone generator 7 is mixed. Is done. The ozone mixer 3 is preferably an ejector type that mixes ozone gas with the pressure of the concentrated water W2, for example.

For example, the ejector type ozone mixer 3 generates ozone gas by a pressure drop generated when flowing through the ejector constriction section from the pressure when flowing through the concentrated water flow path 11 in addition to the pressure of a blower (not shown) provided in the ozone generator 7. What is necessary is just to make it the structure which attracts | sucks and mixes with the concentrated water W2.
With this configuration, the ozone mixer 3 can mix ozone gas with the concentrated water W2 at a pressure when the concentrated water W2 flows through the concentrated water flow path 11. Alternatively, it is possible to add a blower and pressurize and mix ozone gas.

Then, the concentrated water W2 mixed with ozone gas in the ozone mixer 3 flows through the concentrated water flow path 11 in a state where pressure is applied, and flows into the pressure adjusting device 4.
The pressure adjusting device 4 includes a dissolved water tank 4a for dissolving ozone gas in the concentrated water W2. The concentrated water W2 flows into the dissolved water tank 4a, and the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a is increased by the pressure when flowing through the concentrated water channel 11.
In addition, what is necessary is just to utilize the technique shown in above-mentioned nonpatent literature 2, for the method of utilizing a part of pressure of the concentrated water W2 for the drive of the high pressure pump 2, for example.

The pressure adjusting device 4 is a device that dissolves ozone gas mixed with the concentrated water W2 in the concentrated water W2, and discharges the concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved at a predetermined set pressure.
The pressure adjusting device 4 according to the first embodiment pressurizes the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a with the pressure (residual pressure) when the concentrated water W2 flows through the concentrated water channel 11 without using power such as a pump. The ozone gas is configured to dissolve in the concentrated water W2.
Furthermore, the pressure adjusting device 4 is configured to discharge the concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved at the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a.

  The concentrated water W2 flowing into the dissolved water tank 4a from the concentrated water flow path 11 through the ozone mixer 3 in a state where a residual pressure of 0.5 to 0.3 MPa is applied in the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 is one of the ozone gases being mixed. The part dissolves to form the liquid phase part 4L as shown in FIG. 2A, and the ozone gas remaining without being dissolved in the concentrated water W2 forms the gas phase part 4G.

Moreover, as shown to (a) of FIG. 2, the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure regulator 4 is equipped with the pressure regulator 4b, and it is comprised so that the inside of the dissolved water tank 4a may be maintained at a predetermined internal pressure.
The pressure regulator 4b includes an air vent 14 that opens when the water level of the liquid phase portion 4L drops and a back pressure valve 15 that opens when the pressure of the gas phase portion 4G increases.
When the amount of ozone gas in the gas phase portion 4G exceeds a predetermined amount and the water level in the liquid phase portion 4L falls below the predetermined water level, the air vent 14 opens to discharge the ozone gas in the gas phase portion 4G, and the water level in the liquid phase portion 4L. To raise. Further, the back pressure valve 15 opens when the pressure of the gas phase portion 4G becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined internal pressure set in advance, discharges ozone gas in the gas phase portion 4G, and sets the inside of the dissolved water tank 4a to a predetermined internal pressure. maintain.
Thus, the pressure regulator 4b has a function of maintaining the water level of the liquid phase portion 4L in the dissolved water tank 4a at a predetermined water level and maintaining the inside of the dissolved water tank 4a at a predetermined internal pressure.

  The ozone gas discharged from the dissolved water tank 4a through the air vent 14 or the back pressure valve 15 by pressure regulation of the pressure regulator 4b flows through the ozone channel 12 and is mixed with the raw water W0 by the upstream mixer 9 provided in the raw water channel 35. . Then, by oxidizing the ozone gas, organic substances contained in the raw water W0 are decomposed and removed, and microorganisms (mainly bacteria) contained in the raw water W0 are sterilized.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), instead of the back pressure valve 15 (see FIG. 2 (a)), the pressure transmitter 40 and the concentrated water flow path 11 are disposed in the dissolved water tank 4a. It is good also as the pressure regulator 4b provided with the flow volume adjustment valve 11a which adjusts the flow volume of the concentrate W2 discharged | emitted, and the actuator 11b which adjusts the valve opening degree of the flow volume adjustment valve 11a.
The flow rate adjusting valve 11a is a valve device that can adjust the flow rate of the concentrated water W2 flowing through the concentrated water flow path 11 according to the valve opening, and the valve opening is adjusted by the actuator 11b.
The actuator 11b has a function of adjusting the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 11a according to the pressure inside the dissolved water tank 4a measured by the pressure transmitter 40, and the pressure inside the dissolved water tank 4a is equal to or higher than a predetermined internal pressure. Increases the valve opening of the flow regulating valve 11a. The discharge amount of the concentrated water W2 from the dissolved water tank 4a increases and the pressure inside the dissolved water tank 4a decreases.
On the other hand, the actuator 11b reduces the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 11a when the pressure inside the dissolved water tank 4a is less than a predetermined internal pressure. The discharge amount of the concentrated water W2 from the dissolved water tank 4a decreases, and the pressure inside the dissolved water tank 4a increases due to the pressure of the concentrated water W2 flowing from the concentrated water channel 11. The actuator 11b may be an electric type, a hydraulic type, a gas drive type, etc., and its configuration is not limited.
Even with the pressure regulator 4b having such a configuration, the inside of the dissolved water tank 4a can be maintained at a predetermined internal pressure.

  The concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 is discharged from the pressure adjusting device 4 in a state where a water pressure equal to the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a is applied, and flows through the concentrated water channel 11 shown in FIG. Then flows into the microbubble generating nozzle 6. That is, the concentrated water W2 is discharged from the pressure adjusting device 4 with the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a as a predetermined set pressure, and the microbubble generating nozzle 6 is supplied with a water pressure (predetermined set pressure) equal to the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a. Concentrated water W2 flows in.

  The microbubble generating nozzle 6 is a nozzle that discharges the concentrated water W2 pressurized to a predetermined set pressure to the reaction tank 5A under reduced pressure. In the first embodiment, the ozone gas is dissolved and the predetermined set pressure is released. The concentrated water W2 being pressurized is reduced to the atmospheric pressure of the reaction tank 5A to generate ozone microbubbles.

According to the experiments by the inventors of the present application, it was confirmed that the ozone gas was not sufficiently dissolved in the concentrated water W2 when the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a was less than 0.15 MPa.
Accordingly, the dissolved water tank 4a is preferably maintained at an internal pressure of 0.15 MPa or more in order to dissolve a sufficient amount of ozone gas in the concentrated water W2.
Further, since the concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a is sent (pressure-fed) to the reaction tank 5A shown in FIG. 1, the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a is changed when the concentrated water W2 flows through the concentrated water channel 11. It is preferable to maintain the pressure below the pressure and above the atmospheric pressure in the reaction vessel 5A.
The internal pressure of the dissolved water tank 4a, that is, the predetermined set pressure when the concentrated water W2 is discharged from the pressure adjusting device 4 increases the amount of vacuum foaming at the microbubble generating nozzle 6, and thus flows through the concentrated water channel 11. It is preferable that the pressure is equal to or lower than the pressure of the concentrated water W2 and equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure of the reaction tank 5A and equal to or higher than 0.15 MPa.

The ozone microbubble is a fine bubble having a diameter of about 50 μm, and has a high specific surface area and a low rising speed, and therefore has high gas solubility in the liquid. In addition, the bubble interface has a floating separation effect due to the property of adsorbing substances and the property of rising bubbles.
Therefore, in the reaction tank 5A, the suspended matter (solid suspended matter) of the substance to be separated contained in the concentrated water W2 is adsorbed and floated on the ozone microbubbles using the floating separation effect of the ozone microbubbles, and the concentrated water W2 is floated. And turbid components are separated (floating separation).

  As shown in the side view in FIG. 3, the reaction tank 5A is formed on the surface where the inlet 5a to which the microbubble generating nozzle 6 is connected and the outlet 5b to which the drainage channel 13 is connected are opposed to each other. It is a box-shaped member.

  The inside of the reaction tank 5A is, for example, four regions (first region 51 from the inlet 5a side, from the inlet 5a side) from the inlet 5a side to the outlet 5b side by three partition plates 17a, 17b, and 17c. A second region 52, a third region 53, and a fourth region 54).

The partition plate 17a closest to the inflow port 5a forms a first region 51 on the inflow port 5a side and partitions a second region 52 adjacent to the first region 51. The upper and lower portions of the partition plate 17a are opened, and the first region 51 and the second region 52 communicate with each other at the upper and lower portions.
The partition plate 17c closest to the discharge port 5b forms a fourth region 54 on the discharge port 5b side and partitions a third region 53 adjacent to the fourth region 54. The upper and lower portions of the partition plate 17c are opened, and the third region 53 and the fourth region 54 communicate with each other at the upper and lower portions.
Further, the partition plate 17b disposed between the partition plate 17a and the partition plate 17c separates the second region 52 and the third region 53. Only the upper part of the partition plate 17b is opened, and the second region 52 and the third region 53 communicate with each other at the upper part.

The discharge port 5b opens to the fourth region 54 and is connected to the drainage flow path 13.
The drainage channel 13 is a channel through which the concentrated water W2 in the fourth region 54 flows as the drainage W3, and is provided with a drainage channel valve 20 for stopping the flow of the drainage W3. The drain passage valve 20 is controlled to be opened and closed by the control device 23.

The upper ends of the partition plate 17a and the partition plate 17c are at the same height and higher than the upper end portion of the partition plate 17b, and the discharge port 5b is connected to the upper ends of the partition plate 17a and the partition plate 17c and the partition plate 17b. It is formed at a height between the upper end portions.
The height at which the discharge port 5b is formed is the first water level WL1, and the heights of the upper ends of the partition plate 17a and the partition plate 17c are the second water level WL2. The second water level WL2 is higher than the first water level WL1.

A turbidity removal hopper 21 is provided above the second region 52 and the third region 53. The turbidity removal hopper 21 has, for example, a funnel shape in which the upper portion extends parallel to the water surface and the opening 21a is opened. The turbidity removal hopper 21 also opens below, and a discharge pipe 18 including a discharge valve 19 whose opening / closing is controlled by the control device 23 is connected to the lower opening.
The height of the opening 21a above the turbidity removal hopper 21 is set between the first water level WL1 and the second water level WL2.

When the concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved is discharged from the microbubble generating nozzle 6 to the first region 51 of the reaction vessel 5A, ozone microbubbles are generated and the detoured water flows from the first region 51 toward the fourth region 54. .
The ozone microbubbles after the scum 32 is floated on the water surfaces of the second region 52 and the third region 53 form an ozone gas layer G above the reaction tank 5A and accumulate as exhaust ozone gas. The reaction tank 5A is provided with an exhaust ozone treatment device (not shown). The exhaust ozone gas in the ozone gas layer G is released to the atmosphere through the exhaust ozone treatment device, and the pressure of the ozone gas layer G is maintained at almost atmospheric pressure. Here, the pressure of the ozone gas layer G in the reaction tank 5A is referred to as the atmospheric pressure of the reaction tank 5A.
In the first embodiment, the atmospheric pressure in the reaction vessel 5A is almost atmospheric pressure.

When the drainage channel valve 20 is opened, the water level in the reaction tank 5A rises to the height of the first water level WL1, but the concentrated water W2 after the turbid component of the substance to be separated is separated Since the water flows through the drainage flow path 13 as the drainage W3 from the discharge port 5b of the four regions 54, the water level in the reaction tank 5A does not rise higher than the first water level WL1 as shown in FIG.
Then, turbid components separated from the concentrated water W2 flowing in from the inflow port 5a by the floating separation effect of the ozone microbubbles are accumulated mainly as the scum 32 on the water surfaces of the second region 52 and the third region 53.

For example, the control device 23 closes the drain passage valve 20 and opens the discharge valve 19 at predetermined time intervals.
The concentrated water W2 in the fourth region 54 is not drained because the flow of the drainage channel 13 is stopped, and the water level in the reaction tank 5A rises to the first water level WL1 or higher as shown in FIG. .
Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the water level in the reaction tank 5A reaches the height of the opening 21a of the turbidity removal hopper 21, it is deposited on the water surface of the second region 52 and the third region 53. The scum 32 flows into the turbidity removal hopper 21, flows through the discharge pipe 18, and is discharged from the reaction tank 5A.

  The time interval at which the control device 23 closes the drainage flow path valve 20 and opens the discharge valve 19 is set as appropriate based on, for example, the deposition rate of the scum 32, and the amount of accumulation of the scum 32 is turbid. What is necessary is just to comprise so that the control apparatus 23 may close the drainage flow path valve 20, and open the discharge valve 19, in the state which does not exceed the processing capacity of the removal hopper 21 (discharge capacity of the scum 32).

Then, the control device 23 maintains the closing of the drain passage valve 20 and the opening of the discharge valve 19 for a predetermined set time, and then opens the drain passage valve 20 and closes the discharge valve 19. To do.
As shown in FIG. 3, the concentrated water W2 in the fourth region 54 flows through the drainage flow path 13 and is drained as drainage W3, and the water level in the reaction tank 5A is maintained at the height of the first water level WL1.
What is necessary is just to set suitably the time for which the control apparatus 23 maintains the valve closing of the drainage flow path valve 20 and the valve opening of the discharge valve 19 based on the processing capacity of the turbidity removal hopper 21 or the like.

In addition to the configuration in which the control device 23 closes the drain passage valve 20 and opens the discharge valve 19 every predetermined set time, for example, a scum that includes a scum detection device (not shown) and is detected by the scum detection device. Based on the accumulation amount of 32, the control device 23 may close the drain flow path valve 20 and open the discharge valve 19.
As the scum detection device (not shown), for example, the one described in Patent Document 5 can be used.

As described above, the membrane treatment facility 100 shown in FIG. 1 can remove the substance to be separated contained in the seawater as the raw water W0 by the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 and the reaction tank 5A.
According to the present embodiment, the organic matter contained in the concentrated water W2 can be decomposed by the oxidizing power of ozone microbubbles, and further, turbid components of the substance to be separated can be removed by the floating separation effect of the ozone microbubbles. It is possible to improve the water quality of the drainage W3 discharged along with the desalination of seawater, and to reduce the burden on the environment.

Moreover, ozone gas can be mixed with the raw water (seawater) W0 before flowing into the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1, so that organic substances contained in the raw water W0 can be decomposed and bacteria can be sterilized.
Therefore, the RO membrane fouling (contamination) of the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 can be prevented, and the operation cost of the membrane treatment equipment 100 can be reduced.
In addition, by using the pressure (residual pressure) when the concentrated water W2 discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 (see FIG. 1) flows through the concentrated water flow path 11 (see FIG. 1) without using special power. Since microbubbles (ozone microbubbles) can be generated, an excellent effect that the membrane treatment facility 100 (see FIG. 1) can be operated with high economic efficiency with low energy consumption is achieved.

<< Second Embodiment >>
A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the same components as those in the membrane treatment facility 100 shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted as appropriate.
As shown in FIG. 5, the membrane treatment facility 101 according to the second embodiment does not include the upstream mixer 9 (see FIG. 1) in the raw water flow path 35, and the raw water pretreated by the pretreatment device 16 </ b> A. W0 is pressurized to 5.5 to 7.0 MPa by the high pressure pump 2 and then fed to the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1.
And a part of raw | natural water W0 pumped by the RO membrane processing apparatus 1 permeate | transmits a RO membrane, a to-be-separated substance is removed, and the treated water W1 which does not contain a to-be-separated substance is produced | generated.
This treated water W1 is discharged from the membrane treatment facility 101 via the treated water flow path 10.
Note that the membrane treatment facility 101 according to the second embodiment configures a seawater desalination apparatus, for example, and the raw water W0 is seawater.

On the other hand, the raw water W0 that does not pass through the RO membrane becomes the concentrated water W2 containing the substance to be separated and is discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1.
Since the maximum pressure loss in the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 is about 0.3 MPa, the concentrated water W2 is discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 at a pressure of 5.2 to 6.7 MPa, and a part of the pressure is high. Used to drive the pump 2. After that, the concentrated water W2 flows through the concentrated water flow path 11 in a state where a pressure of 0.5 to 0.3 MPa is applied, flows into the ozone mixer 3, and the pressure after the ozone gas generated by the ozone generator 7 is mixed. It flows into the adjustment apparatus 4 and pressurizes the internal pressure of the dissolution water tank 4a.

The concentrated water W2 that has flowed into the pressure adjusting device 4 has an internal pressure of a predetermined set pressure (below the pressure of the concentrated water W2 flowing through the concentrated water passage 11 and above the atmospheric pressure of the reaction tank 5B) by the pressure regulator 4b, and The ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a adjusted to 0.15 MPa or more.
As described above, the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 provided in the membrane treatment facility 101 according to the second embodiment is also used when the concentrated water W2 is discharged from the RO membrane treatment device 1 as in the first embodiment. Pressurized with pressure (residual pressure) and configured to dissolve ozone gas in the concentrated water W2.
Moreover, the atmospheric pressure of the reaction vessel 5B according to the second embodiment is defined similarly to the atmospheric pressure of the reaction vessel 5A (see FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment, and is almost atmospheric pressure.

The concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 is discharged under reduced pressure into the reaction tank 5B by the microbubble generating nozzle 6 to generate ozone microbubbles, and the concentrated water is generated by the floating separation effect of the ozone microbubbles. After the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in W2 floats and separates as scum 32, it flows through drainage channel 13 as drainage W3 and is drained.
On the other hand, the scum 32 that floats and accumulates on the water surface is discharged from the reaction tank 5B by the turbidity removal hopper 21 provided in the reaction tank 5B.
The method for discharging the scum 32 from the reaction tank 5B by the turbidity removal hopper 21 may be the same as the method for discharging the scum 32 from the reaction tank 5A according to the first embodiment (see FIG. 3).

  The reaction tank 5B provided in the membrane treatment facility 101 according to the second embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the reaction tank 5A shown in FIG. 3, and as shown in FIG. 5, the pressure regulator 4b of the dissolved water tank 4a is an ozone channel. 12 is connected through 12.

In the membrane treatment facility 101 according to the second embodiment, the air vent 14 (see FIG. 2A) or the back pressure valve 15 (FIG. 2A) is adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the pressure regulator 4b disposed in the dissolved water tank 4a. The ozone gas discharged from the reference) flows through the ozone flow path 12 and is injected into the reaction vessel 5B.
With this configuration, the concentration of dissolved ozone in the reaction tank 5B increases, and the oxidation of the concentrated water W2 in the reaction tank 5B is further promoted. The organic matter remaining in the concentrated water W2 in the reaction tank 5B is further decomposed and the bacteria remaining in the concentrated water W2 are further sterilized, and the quality of the drainage W3 from the drainage channel 13 is further improved.

In the membrane treatment facility 101 (see FIG. 5) according to the second embodiment, the organic matter of the substance to be separated contained in the concentrated water W2 can be decomposed by the oxidizing power of the ozone microbubbles and concentrated by the floating separation effect of the ozone microbubbles. Since the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in the water W2 can be removed, the quality of the concentrated water W2 discharged along with the desalination of seawater can be improved, and the burden on the environment can be reduced. Moreover, since the concentrated water W2 in the reaction tank 5B can be oxidized with ozone gas discharged from the dissolved water tank 4a and injected into the reaction tank 5B, the quality of the concentrated water W2 discharged as the waste water W3 can be further improved. Has an effect.
Further, the pressure (residual pressure) when the concentrated water W2 discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 (see FIG. 5) flows through the concentrated water flow path 11 (see FIG. 5) without using special power is used. Since fine bubbles (ozone microbubbles) can be generated, the membrane processing equipment 101 can be operated with high economic efficiency with low energy consumption.

<< Third Embodiment >>
The third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in the membrane treatment facility 100 shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted as appropriate.
The membrane treatment facility 102 according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6 constitutes, for example, a sewage regeneration treatment device, and the raw water W0 is industrial wastewater containing sewage (sewage treatment water), factory waste liquid, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 6, the membrane treatment facility 102 according to the third embodiment includes a first sedimentation tank 25, a biological reaction tank anaerobic tank 26, a biological reaction tank aerobic tank 27, and a final sedimentation tank 28. A pre-processing device 16B is provided.
The biological reaction tank anaerobic tank 26 and the biological reaction tank aerobic tank 27 have a function of biodegrading organic substances contained in the raw water W0, and constitute a biological reaction tank.

  The raw water W0 first precipitates a solid substance floating while flowing in the sedimentation basin 25 at a low flow rate, and then flows into the biological reaction tank, and the contained organic matter is biodegraded.

Further, the raw water W0 flows into the final sedimentation basin 28, and the sludge containing bacteria used for biodegradation in the biological reaction tank (activated sludge) is settled and removed.
For this reason, activated sludge is deposited at the bottom of the final sedimentation tank 28. Since this activated sludge contains bacteria that can be used for biodegradation, a part of it is returned to the biological reaction tank anaerobic tank 26 as return sludge and reused for biodegradation, and the remaining sludge is used as surplus sludge as the final sludge. 28.

Thus, the raw water W0 that has been pretreated by the pretreatment device 16B and biodegraded organic matter flows through the raw water flow path 35 via the upstream mixer 9 provided upstream of the high pressure pump 2, and the high pressure pump 2. After being pressurized to 5.5 to 7.0 MPa, the pressure is fed to the RO membrane processing apparatus 1.
And a part of raw | natural water W0 pumped by the RO membrane processing apparatus 1 permeate | transmits a RO membrane, a to-be-separated substance is removed, and the treated water W1 which does not contain a to-be-separated substance is produced | generated.
This treated water W1 is discharged from the membrane treatment facility 102 via the treated water flow path 10.
In addition, the to-be-separated substance removed from raw | natural water W0 when permeate | transmitting the RO membrane of RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 is the sewage which is raw | natural water W0, such as a solid suspended matter used as an organic substance, microorganisms, fungi, a chemical substance, and a turbid component. And substances contained in industrial wastewater.

  On the other hand, the raw water W0 that does not pass through the RO membrane becomes the concentrated water W2 containing the substance to be separated and is discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1.

  Similarly to the first embodiment, when the concentrated water W2 is discharged from the RO membrane processing apparatus 1 and flows through the concentrated water channel 11 in the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 provided in the membrane treatment facility 102 according to the third embodiment. Pressure (residual pressure) so that the ozone gas is dissolved in the concentrated water W2.

  Moreover, the ozone gas discharged | emitted from the dissolved water tank 4a by the pressure regulation of the pressure regulator 4b is mixed with the raw | natural water W0 with the upstream mixer 9 with which the raw | natural water flow path 35 is provided similarly to 1st Embodiment. And the organic substance contained in raw | natural water W0 is decomposed | disassembled and the bacteria contained in raw | natural water W0 are disinfected by the oxidizing action of ozone gas.

  The concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 is discharged under reduced pressure into the reaction tank 5C by the microbubble generating nozzle 6 to generate ozone microbubbles. The turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in W2 is floated and separated.

As shown in the side view in FIG. 7, the reaction tank 5C provided in the membrane treatment facility 102 (see FIG. 6) according to the third embodiment is the same as the reaction tank 5A according to the first embodiment (see FIG. 3). ), And the surplus sludge channel 31 is connected to the first region 51, and the return water channel 29 is connected to the outlet 5b instead of the drain channel 13 (see FIG. 3). Is different.
The surplus sludge flow path 31 is a pipe line connecting the final sedimentation basin 28 and the first region 51 of the reaction tank 5C, and the surplus sludge accumulated in the final sedimentation basin 28 is converted into the accompanying water W4 made up of a part of the raw water W0. It flows through the excess sludge flow path 31 and flows into the first region 51.

Organic matter, which is a component of excess sludge flowing from the final sedimentation basin 28 through the excess sludge flow path 31 and flowing into the first region 51 of the reaction tank 5C, is oxidized by ozone microbubbles generated by decompression discharge from the microbubble generation nozzle 6. The bacteria decomposed by the action and contained in the excess sludge are sterilized by the oxidizing action of ozone microbubbles. Therefore, surplus sludge accumulated in the final sedimentation basin 28 can be decomposed and reduced in the reaction tank 5C.
Moreover, the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in the entrained water W4 and the concentrated water W2 of the excess sludge and the excess sludge that is not decomposed are mainly in the second region 52 and the third region 53 due to the floating separation effect of the ozone microbubbles. Deposits as scum 32 on the water surface.

Concentrated water W2 after separation of the turbid component of the substance to be separated and entrained water W4 after separation of the turbid component of the substance to be separated and excess sludge are returned from the fourth region 54 as return water W5. It is discharged to the passage 29.
As shown in FIG. 6, the return water flow path 29 is connected to the first settling basin 25 of the pretreatment device 16B, and the return water W5 discharged from the reaction tank 5C flows through the return water flow path 29 to the first settling basin 25. Inflow (return).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the reaction vessel 5 </ b> C is provided with a control device 23, a discharge valve 19 provided in the discharge pipe 18 connected to the turbidity removal hopper 21, and a return flow path provided in the return water flow path 29. The valve 30 is opened and closed.

  When the return flow path valve 30 is closed, the return water W5 is not discharged from the fourth region 54, and the water level in the reaction tank 5C rises above the first water level WL1. When the water level in the reaction tank 5C reaches the height of the opening 21a of the turbidity removal hopper 21, the scum 32 deposited on the water surfaces of the second region 52 and the third region 53 becomes turbidity removal hopper 21. , Flows through the discharge pipe 18 and is discharged from the reaction vessel 5C.

Therefore, the control device 23 closes the return flow path valve 30 and opens the discharge valve 19 at predetermined time intervals, and discharges the accumulated scum 32 from the reaction tank 5C by the turbidity removal hopper 21.
The time interval at which the control device 23 closes the return flow path valve 30 and opens the discharge valve 19 is set as appropriate based on, for example, the deposition rate of the scum 32, and the accumulation amount of the scum 32 is turbid. What is necessary is just to comprise so that the control apparatus 23 may close the return flow path valve 30 and open the discharge valve 19 in the state which does not exceed the processing capacity of the quality removal hopper 21 (discharge capacity of the scum 32).

Then, the control device 23 maintains the return flow passage valve 30 closed and the discharge valve 19 opened for a predetermined set time, and then opens the return flow passage valve 30 and the discharge valve 19. Close the valve.
The concentrated water W2 in the fourth region 54 flows through the return water passage 29 as the return water W5 and is discharged, and the water level in the reaction tank 5C is maintained at the height of the first water level WL1.

The predetermined time during which the control device 23 keeps the return flow passage valve 30 closed and the discharge valve 19 open may be set as appropriate based on the processing capacity of the turbidity removal hopper 21.
Thus, in the reaction tank 5C according to the third embodiment, the control device 23 opens and closes the return flow passage valve 30 and the discharge valve 19 to discharge the scum 32 accumulated.

  The membrane treatment facility 102 (see FIG. 6) according to the third embodiment uses the return water W5 purified by removing the turbid components of the substance to be separated in the reaction tank 5C (see FIG. 6) as the first sedimentation tank 25 ( The surplus sludge entrained water W4 flowing into the reaction tank 5C from the final sedimentation tank 28 can be used for the RO membrane treatment together with the raw water W0.

  Note that the return water W5 purified by removing organic substances and turbid components in the reaction tank 5C is not returned to the settling basin 25 at first, but discharged as waste water to the outside of the membrane treatment facility 102, that is, to the external environment. It may be.

According to the membrane treatment facility 102 (see FIG. 6) according to the third embodiment, excess sludge accumulated in the final sedimentation basin 28 (see FIG. 6) can be decomposed by the oxidizing power of ozone microbubbles, so that excess sludge is reduced. Can do.
Moreover, the suspended component of the to-be-separated substance contained in the concentrated water W2 can be removed by the floating separation effect of ozone microbubbles. Therefore, there is an excellent effect that the load on the environment can be reduced.
Moreover, by mixing ozone gas with raw | natural water W0 with the upstream mixer 9 (refer FIG. 6), the organic substance contained in raw | natural water W0 can be decomposed | disassembled and bacteria can be sterilized. Therefore, the RO membrane can be prevented from fouling, and the operation cost of the membrane treatment facility 102 can be reduced.
In addition, fine bubbles (ozone microbubbles) can be generated using the pressure (residual pressure) of the concentrated water W2 discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 (see FIG. 6) without using special power. There is an excellent effect that the membrane treatment facility 102 can be operated with high economic efficiency with low consumption.

<< Fourth Embodiment >>
With reference to FIG. 8, the film processing equipment 103 according to the fourth embodiment will be described. In FIG. 8, the same components as those of the membrane treatment facility 102 shown in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted as appropriate.
The membrane treatment facility 103 according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8 constitutes, for example, a sewage regeneration treatment device, and the raw water W0 is industrial wastewater containing sewage (sewage treatment water) or factory wastewater.

As shown in FIG. 8, the membrane treatment facility 103 according to the fourth embodiment includes an activated sludge treatment tank 34 that biologically treats raw water W0 by a first sedimentation basin 25 and a membrane separation activated sludge method. A pre-processing device 16C constituting the processing device is provided.
Further, the activated sludge treatment tank 34 is provided with a solid-liquid separation membrane 33.

The raw water W0 first precipitates solid matter that flows while flowing through the sedimentation basin 25 at a low flow rate, and then flows into the activated sludge treatment tank 34 to biodegrade organic matter and the like by the membrane separation activated sludge method. And the raw | natural water W0 which passed the solid-liquid separation membrane 33 flows through the raw | natural water flow path 35 via the upstream mixer 9 provided in the upstream of the high pressure pump 2, and is pressurized to 5.5-7.0MPa with the high pressure pump 2 Then, it is pumped to the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1.
And a part of raw | natural water W0 pumped by the RO membrane processing apparatus 1 permeate | transmits a RO membrane, a to-be-separated substance is removed, and the treated water W1 which does not contain a to-be-separated substance is produced | generated.

  On the other hand, the raw water W0 that does not pass through the RO membrane becomes the concentrated water W2 containing the substance to be separated and is discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1.

The ozone water is mixed in the ozone mixer 3 and the concentrated water W2 flowing into the pressure adjusting device 4 is reacted by the pressure regulator 4b at an internal pressure equal to or lower than a predetermined set pressure (the pressure of the concentrated water W2 flowing through the concentrated water channel 11). The ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a adjusted to the atmospheric pressure of the tank 5C or more and 0.15 MPa or more.
As described above, the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 provided in the membrane treatment facility 103 according to the fourth embodiment also has a pressure when the concentrated water W2 is discharged from the RO membrane treatment device 1 as in the first embodiment. It is configured such that ozone gas is dissolved in the concentrated water W2 by being pressurized with (residual pressure).

  Moreover, the ozone gas discharged | emitted from the dissolved water tank 4a by the pressure regulation of the pressure regulator 4b is mixed with the raw | natural water W0 with the upstream mixer 9 with which the raw | natural water flow path 35 is provided similarly to 1st Embodiment. And the organic substance contained in raw | natural water W0 is decomposed | disassembled and the bacteria contained in raw | natural water W0 are disinfected by the oxidizing action of ozone gas.

Concentrated water W2 in which ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 is discharged under reduced pressure into the reaction tank 5C by the microbubble generating nozzle 6 to generate ozone microbubbles.
The reaction tank 5C provided in the membrane treatment facility 103 according to the fourth embodiment is configured as shown in FIG. 7, and is separated from the concentrated water W2 by the floating separation effect of ozone microbubbles and deposited as scum 32 on the water surface. The turbid component of the separated substance is discharged from the reaction tank 5C by the turbidity removal hopper 21.
The method for discharging the scum 32 from the reaction tank 5C by the turbidity removal hopper 21 may be the same as the method for discharging the scum 32 from the reaction tank 5C according to the third embodiment.
Then, the concentrated water W2 from which the turbid components have been removed flows through the return water flow path 29 as the return water W5 and flows into (returns to) the first settling basin 25 of the pretreatment device 16C.

  On the other hand, the solid substance separated from the raw water W0 by the solid-liquid separation membrane 33 of the activated sludge treatment tank 34 shown in FIG. 8 becomes sludge and accumulates in the activated sludge treatment tank 34. A part of this sludge is used for biological treatment of raw water W0 as activated sludge, but the sludge not used for biological treatment becomes surplus sludge and is contained in accompanying water W4 comprising a part of raw water W0. It flows through the flow path 31 and flows into the first region 51 (see FIG. 7) of the reaction tank 5C.

The organic matter that is the component of the excess sludge that has flowed into the reaction tank 5C is decomposed by the oxidizing action of ozone microbubbles generated by the reduced pressure release from the microbubble generating nozzle 6, and the bacteria contained in the excess sludge are oxidized by the ozone microbubbles. Sterilized by action. Therefore, excess sludge accumulated in the activated sludge treatment tank 34 can be decomposed and reduced in the reaction tank 5C.
Moreover, the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in the entrained water W4 and the excess sludge that is not decomposed are separated from the entrained water W4 by the floating separation action of the ozone microbubbles, and mainly the second region 52 (see FIG. 7) and the first The scum 32 is accumulated on the water surface of the three regions 53 (see FIG. 7). The scum 32 is discharged from the reaction tank 5C by the turbidity removal hopper 21.

  Thus, the entrained water W4 that has been oxidized by the oxidizing power of the ozone microbubbles and further separated from the excess sludge and the turbid components of the substance to be separated becomes the return water W5 together with the concentrated water W2, and the return water channel 29 And then flows (returns) into the settling basin 25 first.

  The membrane treatment facility 103 according to the fourth embodiment can use surplus sludge accompanying water W4 taken from the activated sludge treatment tank 34 into the reaction tank 5C together with the raw water W0 for the RO membrane treatment.

  In addition, similarly to the membrane treatment facility 102 (see FIG. 6) according to the third embodiment, the return water W5 purified by removing organic substances and turbid components in the reaction tank 5C is not returned to the first sedimentation basin 25. Alternatively, the wastewater may be discharged as wastewater outside the membrane processing facility 103, that is, to the external environment.

According to the membrane treatment facility 103 according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8, surplus sludge can be reduced because the excess sludge accumulated in the activated sludge treatment tank 34 can be decomposed by the oxidizing power of ozone microbubbles.
Moreover, the suspended component of the to-be-separated substance contained in the concentrated water W2 can be removed by the floating separation effect of ozone microbubbles. Therefore, there is an excellent effect that the load on the environment can be reduced.
Further, by mixing ozone gas with the raw water W0 by the upstream mixer 9, the organic matter contained in the raw water W0 can be decomposed and bacteria can be sterilized, so that fouling of the RO membrane can be prevented. Thereby, there exists an outstanding effect that the operating cost of the membrane treatment equipment 103 can be reduced.
In addition, fine bubbles (ozone microbubbles) can be generated using the pressure (residual pressure) of the concentrated water W2 discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1 (see FIG. 8) without using special power. There is an excellent effect that the membrane treatment facility 103 can be operated with high economic efficiency with low consumption.

<< Fifth Embodiment >>
With reference to FIG. 9, the film processing equipment 104 according to the fifth embodiment will be described. In FIG. 9, the same components as those of the membrane treatment facility 102 shown in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted as appropriate.
As shown in FIG. 9, the membrane treatment facility 104 according to the fifth embodiment constitutes a desalination apparatus for desalinating seawater, a sewage regeneration treatment apparatus for treating industrial wastewater including sewage or factory effluent, for example. . And when comprising the desalination apparatus of seawater, raw | natural water W0 turns into seawater, and when comprising a sewage reproduction | regeneration processing apparatus, raw | natural water W0 turns into sewage (sewage treated water) or industrial wastewater.

As shown in FIG. 9, the membrane treatment facility 104 according to the fifth embodiment includes a pretreatment device 16 </ b> D configured to include a water storage tank 39, a sand filtration device 36, and a filtration pump 38.
The raw water W0 is temporarily stored in the water storage tank 39, and the floating solid matter is removed by precipitation. Then, water is fed (pressure fed) to the sand filtration device 36 by the filtration pump 38.

The raw water W0 sent to the sand filter 36 is sand-filtered to remove solids and the like, and then flows through the raw water flow path 35 via the upstream mixer 9 provided upstream of the high-pressure pump 2. After being pressurized to 5.5 to 7.0 MPa, the pressure is fed to the RO membrane processing apparatus 1.
And a part of raw | natural water W0 pumped by the RO membrane processing apparatus 1 permeate | transmits a RO membrane, a to-be-separated substance is removed, and the treated water W1 which does not contain a to-be-separated substance is produced | generated.
This treated water W1 is discharged from the membrane treatment facility 104 via the treated water flow path 10.

  On the other hand, the raw water W0 that does not pass through the RO membrane becomes the concentrated water W2 containing the substance to be separated and is discharged from the RO membrane treatment apparatus 1.

Then, the concentrated water W2 that has flowed into the pressure adjusting device 4 has an internal pressure of not less than a predetermined set pressure (below the pressure of the concentrated water W2 flowing through the concentrated water passage 11 and above the atmospheric pressure of the reaction tank 5D) by the pressure regulator 4b, and The ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a adjusted to 0.15 MPa or more.
As described above, the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 provided in the membrane treatment facility 104 according to the fifth embodiment also has a pressure when the concentrated water W2 is discharged from the RO membrane treatment device 1 as in the first embodiment. It is configured such that ozone gas is dissolved in the concentrated water W2 by being pressurized with (residual pressure).

  Moreover, the ozone gas discharged | emitted from the dissolved water tank 4a by the pressure regulation of the pressure regulator 4b is mixed with the raw | natural water W0 with the upstream mixer 9 with which the raw | natural water flow path 35 is provided similarly to 1st Embodiment. And the organic substance contained in raw | natural water W0 is decomposed | disassembled and the bacteria contained in raw | natural water W0 are disinfected by the oxidizing action of ozone gas.

The concentrated water W2 in which the ozone gas is dissolved in the dissolved water tank 4a of the pressure adjusting device 4 is discharged under reduced pressure into the reaction tank 5D by the microbubble generating nozzle 6 to generate ozone microbubbles.
The reaction tank 5D provided in the membrane treatment facility 104 according to the fifth embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the reaction tank 5C shown in FIG. 7, but a washing drainage channel (backwashing channel) instead of the excess sludge channel 31. 37) is connected, and the first region 51 and the sand filtration device 36 (see FIG. 9) are connected by the backwash channel 37.

In the sand filtration device 36, when the raw water W0 is sand-filtered, the turbid component of the substance to be separated that separates from the raw water W0 accumulates. Therefore, in order to remove the accumulated turbid component and maintain the filtration function The sand filter 36 is washed (backwashed) by reversing the flow of the raw water W0 with a backwash pump (not shown). The backwash flow path 37 is a flow path for feeding the washing wastewater (backwash wastewater W6) after backwashing the sand filtration device 36 to the first region 51 (see FIG. 7) of the reaction tank 5D. Depending on the configuration, the backwash waste water W6 generated by backwashing the sand filtration device 36 can be introduced into the reaction tank 5D.
The backwash waste water W6 contains organic substances and substances to be separated that have been removed from the raw water W0 by the sand filter 36 and accumulated.

The organic matter contained in the backwash waste water W6 that has flowed into the reaction tank 5D is decomposed by the oxidizing action of ozone microbubbles generated by the reduced pressure discharge from the microbubble generating nozzle 6. Further, the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in the concentrated water W2 and the backwash waste water W6 is floated and separated by the floating separation effect of the ozone microbubbles and deposited as scum 32 on the water surface. Discharged from 5D.
As described above, the concentrated water W2 and the backwash waste water W6, which are oxidized by the oxidizing power of the ozone microbubbles and further separated and purified from the turbid components of the substance to be separated, become the return water W5 as the return water flow. It flows through the passage 29 and flows into (returns to) the water storage tank 39 of the pretreatment device 16D.
The method for discharging the scum 32 from the reaction tank 5D by the turbidity removal hopper 21 may be the same as the method for discharging the scum 32 from the reaction tank 5C according to the third embodiment (see FIG. 7).

  The membrane treatment facility 104 according to the fifth embodiment can use the backwash waste water W6 when the sand filtration device 36 is backwashed together with the raw water W0 for the RO membrane treatment.

  Note that, similarly to the membrane treatment facility 103 (see FIG. 8) according to the fourth embodiment, the return water W5 purified in the reaction tank 5D is not returned to the water tank 39, that is, outside the system of the membrane treatment equipment 104, that is, The structure may be a discharge to the external environment as waste water.

According to the membrane treatment facility 104 (see FIG. 9) according to the fifth embodiment, the organic matter contained in the backwash waste water W6 and the concentrated water W2 is decomposed by the oxidizing power of the ozone microbubbles, and the floating separation effect of the ozone microbubbles is achieved. The turbid component of the substance to be separated can be removed.
Moreover, the suspended component of the to-be-separated substance contained in the concentrated water W2 can be removed by the floating separation effect of ozone microbubbles. Therefore, there is an excellent effect that the load on the environment can be reduced. Moreover, by mixing ozone gas with the raw water W0 in the upstream mixer 9 (see FIG. 9), organic substances contained in the raw water W0 can be decomposed, bacteria can be sterilized, and RO membrane fouling can be prevented. . Thereby, there exists an outstanding effect that the operating cost of the membrane treatment equipment 104 can be reduced.
Further, the pressure (residual pressure) when the concentrated water W2 discharged from the RO membrane treatment device 1 (see FIG. 9) flows through the concentrated water flow path 11 (see FIG. 9) without using special power is used. Since fine bubbles (ozone microbubbles) can be generated, the membrane processing equipment 104 can be operated with high economic efficiency with low energy consumption.

1 RO membrane treatment equipment (membrane treatment equipment)
2 High-pressure pump (pump)
3 Ozone mixer (gas mixer)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 Pressure regulator 4a Dissolution water tank 4b Pressure regulator 5A-5D Reaction tank 6 Micro bubble generation nozzle 7 Ozone generator 9 Upstream mixer 11 Concentrated water flow path 11a Flow control valve 11b Actuator 16A-16D Pretreatment apparatus 25 First sedimentation basin 26 Biology Reaction tank anaerobic tank (biological reaction tank)
27 Biological reaction tank Aerobic tank (biological reaction tank)
28 Final sedimentation basin 29 Return water channel 31 Excess sludge channel 33 Solid-liquid separation membrane 34 Activated sludge treatment tank 37 Backwash channel (wash drainage channel)
100 to 104 Membrane treatment facility W0 Raw water W1 Treated water W2 Concentrated water W3 Drainage W4 Entrained water W5 Return water W6 Backwash drainage (wash drainage)

Claims (29)

A pump that pressurizes the raw water and sends it to the membrane treatment device;
A concentrated water flow path through which concentrated water containing a material to be separated removed from the raw water by the membrane treatment apparatus flows;
A gas mixer provided in the concentrated water flow path for mixing gas with the concentrated water;
A pressure adjusting device for discharging the concentrated water after the gas is dissolved at a predetermined set pressure;
A microbubble generating nozzle that discharges the concentrated water discharged from the pressure adjusting device under reduced pressure into a reaction tank to generate microbubbles,
In the reaction tank, a membrane treatment facility for separating turbid components of the substance to be separated contained in the concentrated water from the concentrated water by the microbubbles,
The pressure adjusting device has a dissolved water tank into which the concentrated water mixed with the gas in the gas mixer flows , and pressurizes the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank with the pressure of the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water channel. Dissolving the gas in the concentrated water, discharging the concentrated water after the gas is dissolved with the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank as the set pressure,
The microbubble generation nozzle discharges the concentrated water, which is discharged from the pressure regulator and flows at the set pressure, into the reaction tank under reduced pressure, after the gas is dissolved .   2. The membrane treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined set pressure is equal to or lower than a pressure of the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water flow path and equal to or higher than an atmospheric pressure of the reaction tank and equal to or higher than 0.15 MPa. . The pressure adjusting device, the film treatment facility according to the internal pressure before Symbol dissolved aquarium to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a pressure regulator to maintain the predetermined set pressure. The pressure regulator discharges the gas remaining without being dissolved in the concentrated water from the dissolved water tank to maintain the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank at the predetermined set pressure,
The membrane treatment facility according to claim 3, wherein the gas discharged from the dissolved water tank is mixed with the raw water by an upstream mixer provided upstream of the pump. The pressure regulator discharges the gas remaining without being dissolved in the concentrated water from the dissolved water tank to maintain the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank at the predetermined set pressure,
The film processing facility according to claim 3, wherein the gas discharged from the dissolved water tank is injected into the reaction tank. The pressure regulator includes a flow rate adjustment valve that adjusts the flow rate of the concentrated water discharged from the dissolved water tank, and an actuator that adjusts the valve opening of the flow rate adjustment valve,
The said actuator adjusts the valve opening degree of the said flow regulating valve according to the internal pressure of the said dissolution water tank, and maintains the internal pressure of the said dissolution water tank at the said predetermined setting pressure, The said predetermined pressure is characterized by the above-mentioned. Membrane processing equipment.   The film processing facility according to claim 1, wherein the gas is ozone gas.   2. A seawater desalination apparatus, wherein the raw water is seawater, and the treated water generated by removing the substance to be separated from the raw water by the membrane treatment apparatus is freshwater. The film processing facility according to claim 7. A pump that pressurizes the raw water biologically treated in the pretreatment device and feeds it to the membrane treatment device;
A concentrated water flow path through which concentrated water containing a material to be separated removed from the raw water by the membrane treatment apparatus flows;
A gas mixer provided in the concentrated water flow path for mixing gas with the concentrated water;
A pressure adjusting device for discharging the concentrated water after the gas is dissolved at a predetermined set pressure;
A microbubble generating nozzle that discharges the concentrated water discharged from the pressure adjusting device under reduced pressure into a reaction tank to generate microbubbles;
A surplus sludge flow path in which the entrained water consisting of a part of the raw water contains surplus sludge generated in the pretreatment device and flows from the pretreatment device to the reaction tank, and
In the reaction tank, the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in the concentrated water is separated from the concentrated water by the microbubbles, and the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in the entrained water and the surplus Separating sludge from the accompanying water,
A membrane treatment facility for discharging the concentrated water after the turbid component is separated, and the entrained water after the turbid component and the excess sludge are separated from the reaction tank as waste water,
The pressure adjusting device has a dissolved water tank into which the concentrated water mixed with the gas in the gas mixer flows , and pressurizes the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank with the pressure of the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water channel. Dissolving the gas in the concentrated water, discharging the concentrated water after the gas is dissolved with the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank as the set pressure,
The microbubble generation nozzle discharges the concentrated water, which is discharged from the pressure regulator and flows at the set pressure, into the reaction tank under reduced pressure, after the gas is dissolved . It further comprises a return water flow path connecting the reaction vessel and the pretreatment device,
The membrane treatment facility according to claim 9, wherein the concentrated water and the entrained water discharged from the reaction tank as the waste water are returned to the pretreatment device through the return water flow path.   The pretreatment apparatus includes an initial sedimentation basin, a biological reaction tank, and a final sedimentation basin, and the excess sludge is composed of sludge accumulated in the final sedimentation basin. 10. The membrane treatment facility according to 10.   The pretreatment device is a membrane separation activated sludge treatment device including an activated sludge treatment tank including a first sedimentation basin and a solid-liquid separation membrane, and the excess sludge is obtained from sludge accumulated in the activated sludge treatment tank. The film processing equipment according to claim 9 or 10, wherein:   13. The method according to claim 9, wherein the predetermined set pressure is equal to or lower than the pressure of the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water flow path and equal to or higher than an atmospheric pressure of the reaction tank and equal to or higher than 0.15 MPa. 2. The membrane treatment facility according to claim 1. The pressure adjusting device, the film treatment according to the internal pressure before Symbol dissolved water tank in any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that it comprises a pressure regulator to maintain the predetermined set pressure Facility. The pressure regulator discharges the gas remaining without being dissolved in the concentrated water from the dissolved water tank to maintain the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank at the predetermined set pressure,
The membrane treatment facility according to claim 14, wherein the gas discharged from the dissolved water tank is mixed with the raw water by an upstream mixer provided upstream of the pump. The pressure regulator discharges the gas remaining without being dissolved in the concentrated water from the dissolved water tank to maintain the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank at the predetermined set pressure,
The film processing facility according to claim 14, wherein the gas discharged from the dissolved water tank is injected into the reaction tank. The pressure regulator includes a flow rate adjustment valve that adjusts the flow rate of the concentrated water discharged from the dissolved water tank, and an actuator that adjusts the valve opening of the flow rate adjustment valve,
The said actuator adjusts the valve opening degree of the said flow regulating valve according to the internal pressure of the said dissolution water tank, and maintains the internal pressure of the said dissolution water tank at the said predetermined setting pressure, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Membrane processing equipment.   The film processing facility according to claim 9, wherein the gas is ozone gas.   10. A sewage regeneration treatment apparatus, wherein the raw water is treated sewage water, and the treated water generated by removing the substance to be separated from the raw water by the membrane treatment apparatus is reclaimed water. The film processing equipment according to claim 18.   An industrial wastewater regeneration treatment device is configured, wherein the raw water is industrial wastewater, and the treated water generated by removing the substance to be separated from the raw water by the membrane treatment device is reclaimed water. The film processing equipment according to any one of claims 18 to 18. A pump that pressurizes the raw water that has been sand-filtered by the pretreatment device and feeds it to the membrane treatment device;
A concentrated water flow path through which concentrated water containing a material to be separated removed from the raw water by the membrane treatment apparatus flows;
A gas mixer provided in the concentrated water flow path for mixing gas with the concentrated water;
A pressure adjusting device for discharging the concentrated water after the gas is dissolved at a predetermined set pressure;
A microbubble generating nozzle that discharges the concentrated water discharged from the pressure adjusting device under reduced pressure into a reaction tank to generate microbubbles;
A washing drainage channel after washing the pretreatment device with a portion of the raw water flows from the pretreatment device to the reaction tank,
In the reaction vessel, the microbubbles separate the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in the concentrated water from the concentrated water, and the turbid component of the substance to be separated contained in the washing waste water is washed. Separated from wastewater,
A membrane treatment facility for discharging the concentrated water and the washing waste water from the reaction tank as waste water after the turbid component is separated;
The pressure adjusting device has a dissolved water tank into which the concentrated water mixed with the gas in the gas mixer flows , and pressurizes the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank with the pressure of the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water channel. Dissolving the gas in the concentrated water, discharging the concentrated water after the gas is dissolved with the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank as the set pressure,
The microbubble generation nozzle discharges the concentrated water, which is discharged from the pressure regulator and flows in at the set pressure, into the reaction tank under reduced pressure, after the gas is dissolved . It further comprises a return water flow path connecting the reaction vessel and the pretreatment device,
The membrane treatment facility according to claim 21, wherein the concentrated water and the washing wastewater discharged from the reaction tank as the wastewater are returned to the pretreatment device through the return water flow path.   The predetermined set pressure is equal to or lower than the pressure of the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water flow path and is equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure of the reaction tank and equal to or higher than 0.15 MPa. Membrane processing equipment. The pressure adjusting device, the film treatment according to the internal pressure before Symbol dissolved aquarium to any one of claims 21 to claim 23, characterized in that it comprises a pressure regulator to maintain the predetermined set pressure Facility. The pressure regulator discharges the gas remaining without being dissolved in the concentrated water from the dissolved water tank to maintain the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank at the predetermined set pressure,
The membrane treatment facility according to claim 24, wherein the gas discharged from the dissolved water tank is mixed with the raw water by an upstream mixer provided upstream of the pump. The pressure regulator discharges the gas remaining without being dissolved in the concentrated water from the dissolved water tank to maintain the internal pressure of the dissolved water tank at the predetermined set pressure,
The film processing equipment according to claim 24, wherein the gas discharged from the dissolved water tank is injected into the reaction tank. The pressure regulator includes a flow rate adjustment valve that adjusts the flow rate of the concentrated water discharged from the dissolved water tank, and an actuator that adjusts the valve opening of the flow rate adjustment valve,
The said actuator adjusts the valve opening degree of the said flow regulating valve according to the internal pressure of the said dissolution water tank, and maintains the internal pressure of the said dissolution water tank at the said predetermined setting pressure, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Membrane processing equipment.   The film processing facility according to any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein the gas is ozone gas.   22. A sewage regeneration treatment apparatus, wherein the raw water is sewage treated water, and the treated water generated by removing the substance to be separated from the raw water by the membrane treatment apparatus is reclaimed water. The membrane treatment facility according to any one of claims 28.

Images