JP2014088980A - Heat storing and releasing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat storing and releasing device of which the heat storing and releasing performance is not deteriorated in the lapse of time.SOLUTION: A heat storing and releasing unit includes: a reacting material housing part housing a reacting material which reversibly reacts with a reaction medium and having a heat transfer surface which gives and receives heat with the reacting material; and a reaction medium circulation part which is communicated with the reacting material housing part and supplies the reaction medium to the reacting material housing part or discharges the reaction medium from the reacting material housing part. Therein, the heat transfer surface of the reacting material housing part can be deformed by a pressure difference between the outside and the inside of the reacting material housing part.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat storage / radiation unit and a chemical heat pump.

  In recent years, a heat recovery system for recovering and using a heat source such as waste heat, such as a chemical heat pump and an adsorption refrigeration apparatus, has attracted attention from the viewpoint of energy saving.

  A heat recovery system generally includes a heat storage and heat dissipation device that exchanges heat with a heat storage material that reacts reversibly with a reaction medium (hereinafter referred to as a reaction material), an evaporator that evaporates the reaction medium, a reaction A condenser for condensing the medium is connected via an opening / closing mechanism. The heat storage and heat dissipation device is generally configured to include a heat medium passage through which a heat medium moves, and a reaction material storage section that is thermally connected to the heat medium flow path and stores the reaction material. The

  In order to efficiently recover heat using the heat recovery system, it is preferable that the reaction material and the wall portion of the reaction material storage portion thermally connected to the heat medium flow path are always in close contact with each other. However, since the reaction material expands and contracts in the process of heat storage and heat dissipation, it is difficult to always closely contact the reaction material and the wall portion of the reaction material storage portion. Therefore, Patent Document 1 and the like describe a technique in which an elastic material such as a spring member is used to press the reaction material against the wall portion of the reaction material storage unit.

  However, in the method of Patent Document 1 using a spring member, the above-described pressing force is weakened due to use over time, so that the heat storage and heat dissipation performance may be deteriorated in long-term use.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage and heat dissipation device in which the heat storage and heat dissipation performance does not deteriorate with time.

Containing a reaction material that reacts reversibly with the reaction medium, and a reaction material storage unit having a heat transfer surface for transferring heat to and from the reaction material;
A reaction medium circulation unit that communicates with the reaction material storage unit, supplies the reaction medium to the reaction material storage unit, or discharges the reaction medium from the reaction material storage unit;
Have
The heat transfer surface of the reaction material storage part can be deformed by a pressure difference between the outside and the inside of the reaction material storage part.
A heat storage / dissipation unit is provided.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the heat storage / heat dissipation apparatus whose heat storage / heat dissipation performance does not fall with time can be provided.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of a method for creating a heat storage / dissipation unit according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining an operation example of the heat storage and heat dissipation unit of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining another operation example of the heat storage / dissipation unit according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining another example of a method for creating a heat storage / dissipation unit according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of the chemical heat pump of the present embodiment.

  Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Reaction material and reaction medium)
The reaction material is not particularly limited as long as it can be reversibly adsorbed and desorbed with the reaction medium and is in the form of a solid or gel in the process of adsorption and desorption.

  As the reaction medium, for example, water, ammonia, methanol or the like can be used. When water is used as the reaction medium, examples of the reaction material include calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, manganese chloride, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium acetate, and sodium carbonate. The present invention is not limited to this. When ammonia is used as the reaction medium, examples of the reaction material that can be used include manganese chloride, magnesium chloride, nickel chloride, barium chloride, and calcium chloride. When methanol is used as the reaction medium, examples of the reaction material include magnesium chloride. These reaction materials may be used individually by 1 type, and may mix and use 2 or more types.

  In order to increase the thermal conductivity, the reaction material may be used by mixing a high thermal conductivity material. Examples of the high thermal conductivity material include granular expanded graphite and metal powder.

  In addition, the above-mentioned reaction material includes a substance having deliquescence, but even such a reaction material is mixed with expanded graphite or the like and impregnated, so that heat storage and heat dissipation can be performed. If it becomes a fixed form, it can be used.

  The reaction material can use what was previously shape | molded by block shape or flat plate shape, and a particulate form. The method of forming the reaction material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of forming a desired shape using a known binder.

  When using a particulate material as the reaction material, use a filter such as a mesh or sintered metal whose diameter is smaller than the particle size of the reaction material to pack the particulate reaction material and block It is preferable to use it in the form of a plate or plate. In addition, it is preferable to use the metal excellent in heat conductivity as a material of a filter.

(Storage / heat dissipation unit of the first embodiment)
In FIG. 1, the schematic for demonstrating an example of the preparation method of the thermal storage / radiation unit which concerns on this embodiment is shown. More specifically, FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a sheet-like metal member 12 constituting the reactor unit 10 of the heat storage and dissipation unit 100a of the first embodiment, and FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a heat storage / dissipation unit 100 according to an embodiment.

  The heat storage / radiation unit 100a of the first embodiment can be formed by joining a pair of (two) sheet-like metal members 12 that are rectangular or circular, for example. At this time, it is preferable to previously form, for example, a foil material corresponding to a reaction medium flowing portion described later on the sheet-like metal member 12.

  The sheet-like member 12 can use materials, such as foil materials (metal foil) using the metal excellent in heat conductivity. Although it does not limit as a film thickness of metal foil, For example, when using aluminum, it can be set to 30-200 micrometers, For example, when using copper, it can be set to 10-100 micrometers.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the sheet-like metal member 12 includes a seal portion 14 formed along the outer edge portion outside the broken line, and a reaction medium flow formed at a part of the outer edge portion of the metal member 12. And a reaction material storage portion 18 for storing the reaction material R. The reaction material storage unit 18 corresponds to the heat transfer surface 20 formed between the reaction material and the heat medium in the heat storage and heat dissipation device 100a of the present embodiment.

  The reaction medium flow unit 16 is connected to a reaction medium flow path described later, and supplies the reaction medium to the reaction material R accommodated in the reactor 2 or discharges the reaction medium desorbed from the reaction material R.

  All the outer edge portions of the metal member 12 are formed by the seal portion 14 or the reaction medium flow portion 16. Accordingly, the supply or discharge of the reaction medium in the reaction material storage unit 18 is performed only through the reaction medium flow unit 16.

  The joining method in the seal part 14 of a pair of sheet-like metal members 12 is not particularly limited, and may be joined by diffusion joining, may be joined using a known adhesive, or joined by brazing or the like. May be.

  In FIG. 2, the schematic for demonstrating the operation example of the thermal storage unit of 1st Embodiment is shown. More specifically, FIG. 2 is an example of a schematic diagram of the AA cross section of the heat storage and radiation unit 100a formed by preparing two sheet-like metal members 12 of FIG. 1A and joining them. It is.

  The straight line in FIG. 2 shows the state of the heat storage / dissipation unit 100a when, for example, the outer pressure is equal to the inner pressure. Moreover, the dashed-dotted line of FIG. 2 shows the mode of the thermal storage / radiation unit 100a in the case where the outside pressure is larger than the inside pressure, for example. Furthermore, the two-point chain ship of FIG. 2 shows a state of the heat storage / dissipation unit 100a when the outer pressure is smaller than the inner pressure, for example.

  As will be described later, when the chemical heat pump using the heat storage / radiation unit 100a of the present embodiment is operating (heat storage process and heat release process), the pressure outside the heat storage / radiation unit 100a becomes larger than the pressure inside. In this case, since the heat transfer surface 20 is formed of the sheet-like metal member 12, the heat transfer surface 20 is deformed from the position of the straight line to the position on the one-dot chain line side due to the pressure difference, and the heat transfer surface 20 is the reaction material. Pressed against R. Therefore, the thermal resistance between the heat transfer surface 20 and the reaction material R is reduced, and an efficient heat exchange performance is obtained.

  Further, in the heat storage / radiation unit 100a of the present embodiment, even when the reaction material R expands when the chemical heat pump is operated, the heat transfer surface 20 can be deformed from a straight line position to a two-dot chain line side position. Since this deformation absorbs the expansion amount of the reaction material R, a large amount of the reaction material R can be filled in the heat storage and radiation unit 100a.

  In addition, as a modification of FIG. 1, the support member 40 may be disposed in the reaction material storage unit 18 formed by a pair of sheet-like metal members 12.

  In FIG. 3, the schematic for demonstrating the other action | operation example of the thermal storage / radiation unit which concerns on this embodiment is shown. The support member 40 is a member that secures a flow path for the reaction medium even when the heat storage / radiation unit 100a is compressed by the pressure difference described above. The support member 40 is not particularly limited as long as it can secure the flow path of the reaction medium even when the heat storage / radiation unit 100a is compressed by the above-described pressure difference. However, the support member 40 is a member having excellent heat conductivity and elasticity. It is preferable to use it. Specific examples of the support member 40 include metal fibers such as steel wool or a metal porous body such as a nickel porous body.

(Storage / heat dissipation unit of the second embodiment)
In FIG. 4, the schematic for demonstrating the other example of the production method of the thermal storage / radiation unit which concerns on this embodiment is shown.

  The heat storage / dissipation unit 100 a of the first embodiment is formed of a pair of seal-like metal members 12. However, the heat storage / radiation unit 100b of the second embodiment includes a frame-shaped metal plate 50, for example, and a reaction medium circulation portion 60 extending from the outer peripheral surface of the frame-shaped metal plate 50 to the inner peripheral surface. The heat storage / radiation unit 100b is larger than the inner peripheral contour of the frame-shaped metal plate 50, and is joined to the first surface 52 in the thickness direction of the frame-shaped metal plate 50 in a frame shape. A second sheet-like metal member 75 that is larger than the inner peripheral contour of the metal member 70 and the frame-like metal plate 50 and is joined in a frame shape to the second surface 54 in the thickness direction of the frame-like metal plate 50. And having.

  In the present application, the term “frame shape” means a general term for a shape constituted by a “frame” having an outer outline and an inner outline, in which a flat plate shape is removed in plan view. However, the outer contour and / or inner contour of the “frame shape” is not limited to a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 4, and may be, for example, a substantially trapezoidal shape, a substantially circular shape, or a substantially elliptical shape. Further, the outer and inner contours of the “frame shape” are not necessarily similar, and both may be completely different.

  In the present embodiment, the reaction material storage unit 80 is formed with the inner peripheral contour of the frame-shaped metal plate 50, the first sheet-like metal member 70, and the second sheet-like metal member 75. The heat transfer surface 90 between the reaction material R and the heat medium H corresponds to the first sheet-like metal member 70 and the second sheet-like metal member 75 that form the reaction material storage portion 80.

  For the first sheet-like metal member 70 and / or the second sheet-like metal member 75, a material such as a foil material (metal foil) using a metal having excellent heat conductivity can be used. Although it does not limit as a film thickness of metal foil, For example, when using aluminum, it can be set to 30-200 micrometers, For example, when using copper, it can be set to 10-100 micrometers.

  The method for joining the first sheet-like metal member 70 and the second sheet-like metal member 75 to the frame-like metal plate 50 is not particularly limited, and may be joined by diffusion joining, using a known adhesive. May be joined together, or may be joined by brazing.

  As described above, the reaction medium flow part 60 extends from the outer peripheral surface of the frame-shaped metal plate 50 to the inner peripheral surface, and supplies the reaction medium to the space in the reaction material storage part 80 and the reaction medium from the space. Exhaust is performed through the reaction medium circulation unit 60.

  Also in the heat storage / radiation unit 100b of the present embodiment, the heat transfer surface 90 is formed of the sheet-like metal members 70 and 75. Therefore, when the heat storage / radiation unit 100b is applied to a chemical heat pump, the heat transfer surface 90 is pressed against the reaction material R due to a pressure difference. Therefore, the thermal resistance between the heat transfer surface 90 and the reaction material R is reduced, and an efficient heat exchange performance is obtained.

  Further, the heat storage / radiation unit 100b of the present embodiment can absorb the expansion amount of the reaction material R by deforming the heat transfer surface 90 even when the reaction material R expands during the operation of the chemical heat pump. Many reaction materials R can be filled in the heat dissipation unit 100b.

  In addition, you may install the supporting member 30 in the thermal storage / radiation unit 100b of 2nd Embodiment.

(Chemical heat pump)
Next, an embodiment in which the heat storage / dissipation unit of this embodiment is applied to a chemical heat pump will be described.

  In FIG. 5, the schematic block diagram of an example of the chemical heat pump of this embodiment is shown. In addition, when using as a chemical heat pump, one more set of heat storage / dissipation units is prepared. In one heat storage and heat dissipation unit, the heat storage process proceeds by connecting to the condenser, and in the other heat storage and heat dissipation unit, the heat dissipation process proceeds by connecting to the evaporator. Although it has a switchable configuration, it is shown in a simplified manner in FIG.

  The chemical heat pump 200 according to the present embodiment accommodates the above-described heat storage / heat dissipation unit 100, the reaction medium flow path 110 connected to the reaction medium flow section 16 of the heat storage / heat dissipation unit 100, and the heat storage / heat dissipation unit 100, and a heat medium therein. And a condenser 130 and an evaporator 140 connected to the heat medium flow path 100.

  The reaction medium flow path 100 is connected to the condenser 130 via the valve 122 and is connected to the evaporator 140 via the valve 124.

  A plurality of heat storage / dissipation units 100 are generally arranged in the heat medium flow path 120, and in this case, the reaction medium flow part 16 of each of the heat storage / heat dissipation units 100 is connected via the reaction medium flow path 110. .

  The condenser 130 has a function of condensing the gaseous reaction medium desorbed from the reaction material R by the heat storage process. On the other hand, the evaporator 140 has a function of evaporating the condensed reaction medium in order to supply the reaction medium R to the reaction material R in the heat dissipation process.

  Next, an example of heat recovery using the chemical heat pump 200 of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, for the sake of explanation, an embodiment in which calcium sulfate is used as the reaction material R and water vapor is used as the reaction medium will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  In the heat storage process, the valve 122 is opened and the valve 124 is closed. In this state, for example, exhaust gas generated in a factory is introduced as a heat medium H into the heat medium flow path 120, so that water vapor is desorbed from the hydrated calcium sulfate and the heat dissipation process proceeds. The water vapor desorbed from the calcium sulfate is condensed in the condenser 130 through the reaction medium flow path 110.

  On the other hand, in the heat dissipation process, the valve 124 is opened and the valve 122 is closed. The water vapor evaporated by the evaporator 140 is introduced into the heat storage / heat dissipation unit 100 through the reaction medium flow path 110. As the introduced water vapor reacts with calcium sulfate, the heat dissipation process proceeds.

  In the heat storage process and the heat release process, the pressure in the region inside the heat medium flow path 120 and outside the heat storage and heat dissipation unit 10 (that is, the region where the heat medium H exists) is generally atmospheric pressure. Is done. On the other hand, since the inside of the heat storage / radiation unit 10 is in a state where water vapor and calcium sulfate are present in the space evacuated to vacuum, the pressure becomes the water vapor pressure in the heat storage / radiation unit 10. This water vapor pressure is approximated to the water vapor pressure at the temperature of the condenser 130 in the heat storage process, and is approximated to the water vapor pressure depending on the temperature of calcium sulfate in the heat release process. It becomes. That is, a pressure difference is generated between the inside and outside of the heat storage / radiation unit 10 so that the outside is at a high pressure.

  In the present embodiment, since the heat transfer surface 20 that is a part of the outer wall of the reaction material storage unit 18 is formed of a sheet-like metal member such as a metal foil, the heat transfer surface 20 is caused by the pressure difference described above. Pressed against calcium sulfate. That is, the heat transfer surface 20 and the reaction material R can be connected with a low thermal resistance. Thereby, in the heat dissipation process, reaction heat due to the reaction of the reaction material R with the reaction medium can be efficiently transferred to the heat transfer surface 20 and exchanged with the heat medium H. On the other hand, in the heat storage process, the heat transferred from the heat medium H to the heat transfer surface 20 can be efficiently stored in the reaction material R. That is, a chemical heat pump having excellent heat input / output characteristics of the heat storage / dissipation unit can be obtained.

  As a more specific example, the pressure inside the heat medium flow path 120 and outside the heat storage / radiation unit 10 is about atmospheric pressure (for example, 101 kPa), the reaction material R is calcium sulfate, and the reaction medium is An embodiment using water vapor will be described. In the heat dissipation process of this embodiment, a chemical heat pump having excellent heat output characteristics can be obtained under the conditions of a calcium sulfate temperature of less than 190 degrees and a water vapor pressure of less than 90 kPa. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the temperature of the reaction material R and the pressure of the reaction medium can be designed higher by a method in which the heat storage / dissipation unit 100 is disposed in the heat medium bath and external pressure is applied. it can. That is, a chemical heat pump having excellent heat input / output characteristics under all operating conditions in which the pressure inside the heat storage / heat dissipation unit 100 is lower than the pressure inside the heat medium flow path 120 and outside the heat storage / heat dissipation unit 10. Can be obtained.

  In a conventional heat storage and heat dissipation unit with a fixed heat transfer surface, the reaction material R expands or contracts due to the reaction with the reaction medium, so the contact state between the reaction material R and the heat transfer surface changes, and over time. There was a problem that the thermal resistance increased. However, since the heat-transfer surface 20 is manufactured with metal foil etc., the heat storage / radiation unit of this embodiment can follow the volume change of the reaction material R by the expansion | swelling or shrinkage | contraction mentioned above. Therefore, the thermal connection between the reaction material R and the heat transfer surface 20 can be improved. Moreover, since the heat storage / radiation unit of this embodiment uses the pressure difference inside and outside the heat storage / radiation unit, there is little deterioration over time, and stable heat exchange performance can be obtained in the long term.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reactor part 12 Metal member 14 Seal part 16 Reaction medium distribution | circulation part 18 Reaction material storage part 20 Heat-transfer surface 30 Support member 50 Frame-shaped metal plate 52 1st surface 54 2nd surface 60 Reaction medium distribution part 70 Metal Member 75 Metal member 80 Reactive material storage section 90 Heat transfer surface 100 Storage / heat dissipation unit 110 Reaction medium flow path 120 Heat medium flow path 122 Valve 124 Valve 130 Condenser 140 Evaporator 200 Chemical heat pump H Heat medium R Reactive material

JP 2001-82697 A

Claims (5)

Containing a reaction material that reacts reversibly with the reaction medium, and a reaction material storage unit having a heat transfer surface for transferring heat to and from the reaction material;
A reaction medium circulation unit that communicates with the reaction material storage unit, supplies the reaction medium to the reaction material storage unit, or discharges the reaction medium from the reaction material storage unit;
Have
The heat transfer surface of the reaction material storage part can be deformed by a pressure difference between the outside and the inside of the reaction material storage part.
Thermal storage unit. The heat transfer surface is formed by a metal foil.
The heat storage and radiation unit according to claim 1. A support member for supporting the supply of the reaction medium to the reaction material storage unit is disposed in the reaction material storage unit.
The heat storage and radiation unit according to claim 1 or 2. The support member includes a metal fiber or a metal porous body.
The heat storage and radiation unit according to claim 3. A heat storage / dissipation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A heat medium flow path thermally connected to the reaction material storage section;
A reaction medium flow path connected to the reaction medium flow section;
A condenser connected to the reaction medium flow path;
An evaporator connected to the reaction medium flow path and connected to the condenser via an opening / closing mechanism;
A chemical heat pump.

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