JP2014080358A - Activated charcoal with reduced amount of elution of phosphorus, and method of producing the same - Google Patents
Activated charcoal with reduced amount of elution of phosphorus, and method of producing the same Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、リン溶出量の少ない活性炭、及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to activated carbon with a low phosphorus elution amount and a method for producing the same.
活性炭は、水又は水溶液を処理する際に、吸着剤として、不純物の除去、溶解成分の濃度調整などに使用されている。 Activated carbon is used as an adsorbent when treating water or an aqueous solution to remove impurities and adjust the concentration of dissolved components.
特に、下水及びし尿排水処理施設においては、物理的処理（ろ過、沈殿など）及び生物処理を施して浄化しても、水が着色していることがあるため、活性炭を用いて下水及びし尿排水を脱色することが、一般的に行われている。 In particular, in sewage and human wastewater treatment facilities, water may be colored even after physical treatment (filtration, precipitation, etc.) and biological treatment to purify, so sewage and human wastewater using activated carbon. It is a common practice to decolorize.
当該処理水の公共的水域への排出にあたっては、富栄養化防止の観点から、リン排出量が厳しく規制されることが多く、リンが多く含まれる下水及びし尿排水については、処理施設において、脱リン処理が行われている。 When discharging the treated water into public water areas, the amount of phosphorus discharged is often strictly regulated from the viewpoint of preventing eutrophication, and sewage and human wastewater containing a large amount of phosphorus are removed from the treatment facility. Phosphorus treatment is performed.
一方、活性炭は、石炭、植物性炭素（木粉、やし殻）など、天然に産出される原料を用いて製造されることから、賦活された活性炭には原料由来の無機質が混入している。そのため、通常は、希塩酸などの鉱酸で酸洗脱灰し、さらに水洗を繰り返して精製されている（非特許文献１）。 On the other hand, activated carbon is manufactured using naturally produced raw materials such as coal and vegetable carbon (wood flour, palm husk), etc., and activated carbon is mixed with minerals derived from the raw materials. . Therefore, it is usually purified by pickling and deashing with a mineral acid such as dilute hydrochloric acid, followed by repeated washing with water (Non-Patent Document 1).
しかしながら、このようにして精製された活性炭では、活性炭に混在しているリンは除去されておらず、そのため、下水及び／又はし尿排水処理に使用すると、通水初期に処理水に高濃度のリンが溶出してしまい、水質の維持の上で大きな問題となっている。 However, in the activated carbon thus purified, phosphorus mixed in the activated carbon is not removed. Therefore, when used for sewage and / or human wastewater treatment, high-concentration phosphorus is added to the treated water at the initial stage of water flow. Is eluted, which is a big problem in maintaining water quality.
本発明の課題は、排水処理、特に下水及び／又はし尿排水処理用に適した、リン溶出量の少ない活性炭、及びその製造方法を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide activated carbon with a small amount of phosphorus elution, which is suitable for wastewater treatment, particularly sewage and / or human wastewater treatment, and a method for producing the same.
本発明者らは、上記の課題に鑑み、リン溶出量の少ない活性炭を得るべく研究を重ねた結果、鉱酸での洗浄後に、中性付近の電解質溶液を活性炭と接触させることにより、リン溶出の少ない活性炭を製造できることを見出した。 In view of the above problems, the present inventors have conducted research to obtain activated carbon with a low phosphorus elution amount. After washing with mineral acid, the neutral electrolyte solution is brought into contact with activated carbon to thereby dissolve phosphorus. It was found that activated carbon with a small amount can be produced.
すなわち、本発明は、次の活性炭及びその製造方法に係る。 That is, this invention concerns on the following activated carbon and its manufacturing method.
項１．内径2.5cmのガラス製カラムに充てんした活性炭20mlに、2ml/分で通水し、通水開始10分後から5分間採取した水を、ＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２に規定されるモリブデン青吸光光度法により測定したリン濃度が、0.5mg/l以下である活性炭。 Item 1. Water was collected at a rate of 2 ml / min through 20 ml of activated carbon packed in a glass column with an inner diameter of 2.5 cm, and water collected for 5 minutes after 10 minutes from the start of the water flow was measured by the molybdenum blue spectrophotometry specified in JIS K0102. Activated carbon with a phosphorus concentration of 0.5 mg / l or less.
項２．活性炭を、実質的にリン酸イオンを含まないｐＨ5.5〜8.5の電解質溶液と接触させる、項１に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 Item 2. Item 2. The method for producing activated carbon according to Item 1, wherein the activated carbon is brought into contact with an electrolyte solution having a pH of 5.5 to 8.5 substantially free of phosphate ions.
項３．前記電解質溶液が、塩化物イオンを含む溶液である、項２に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 Item 3. Item 3. The method for producing activated carbon according to Item 2, wherein the electrolyte solution is a solution containing chloride ions.
項４．前記電解質溶液濃度が0.1mol/l以上である、項２又は３に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 Item 4. Item 4. The method for producing activated carbon according to Item 2 or 3, wherein the electrolyte solution concentration is 0.1 mol / l or more.
項５．項２〜４のいずれか１項に記載の製造方法により得られる活性炭。 Item 5. Activated carbon obtained by the manufacturing method of any one of claim | item 2 -4.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
活性炭
本発明の活性炭は、内径2.5cmのガラス製カラムに充てんした活性炭20mlに、2ml/分で通水し、通水開始10分後から5分間に採取した水を、ＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２に規定されるモリブデン青吸光光度法により測定したリン濃度が、0.5mg/l以下である活性炭である。
Activated carbon The activated carbon of the present invention is passed through 20 ml of activated carbon packed in a glass column having an inner diameter of 2.5 cm at a rate of 2 ml / min. Activated carbon having a phosphorus concentration measured by molybdenum blue absorptiometry of 0.5 mg / l or less.
ここで、通水する水は、リンを含まない水である。例えば、し尿排水処理施設で、ろ過、沈殿などの物理的処理や、化学・生物処理により、リンが除去された水を用いることができる。 Here, the water to be passed is water that does not contain phosphorus. For example, in a human wastewater treatment facility, water from which phosphorus has been removed by physical treatment such as filtration and precipitation, or chemical / biological treatment can be used.
本発明の活性炭において、上記方法により測定したリン濃度は、0.5mg/l以下であり、好ましくは0.4mg/l以下、より好ましくは0.3mg/l以下である。 In the activated carbon of the present invention, the phosphorus concentration measured by the above method is 0.5 mg / l or less, preferably 0.4 mg / l or less, more preferably 0.3 mg / l or less.
活性炭の吸着性能及び比表面積は、特に限定されない。例えば、吸着性能については、下水及びし尿排水処理に適した吸着性能を有していればよい。また、比表面積は、通常、700〜2000m2/g、好ましくは800〜1500 m2/gである。 The adsorption performance and specific surface area of the activated carbon are not particularly limited. For example, as for the adsorption performance, it is sufficient that the adsorption performance is suitable for sewage and human wastewater treatment. The specific surface area is usually, 700~2000m 2 / g, preferably 800~1500 m 2 / g.
また、本発明の活性炭は、粒状であっても粉末状であってもよいが、一般的に、粒状のものが好ましく、ＪＩＳ Ｋ１４７４によって測定する粒度が、通常、0.15〜8mmであり、0.3〜4.7mm程度のものが好ましく、0.5〜2.36mm程度のものがより好ましい。 The activated carbon of the present invention may be granular or powdery, but is generally preferably granular, and the particle size measured by JIS K1474 is usually 0.15 to 8 mm, 0.3 to The thing of about 4.7 mm is preferable, and the thing of about 0.5-2.36 mm is more preferable.
製造方法
本発明の活性炭は、通常の炭化処理及び賦活処理を経た後、鉱酸で洗浄し、次いで、リン酸イオンを含まないｐＨ5.5〜8.5の電解質溶液と接触させることにより、容易に製造される。
Production method The activated carbon of the present invention is easily produced by washing with mineral acid after normal carbonization treatment and activation treatment, and then contacting with an electrolyte solution of pH 5.5 to 8.5 not containing phosphate ions. Is done.
本発明の活性炭の原料としては、特に限定されず、一般的に用いられる活性炭の原料を、広く使用することができる。例えば、ヤシ殻、石炭、コークス、木粉、おが屑、天然繊維（具体例；麻、綿など）、合成繊維（具体例；レーヨン、ポリエステルなど）、合成樹脂（具体例；ポリアクリロニトリル、フェノール樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリカーボネート、ポリビニルアルコールなど）などが挙げられる。好ましくは、やし殻又は石炭である。 It does not specifically limit as a raw material of the activated carbon of this invention, The raw material of the activated carbon generally used can be used widely. For example, coconut shell, coal, coke, wood powder, sawdust, natural fiber (specific example: hemp, cotton, etc.), synthetic fiber (specific example: rayon, polyester, etc.), synthetic resin (specific example: polyacrylonitrile, phenol resin, Polyvinylidene chloride, polycarbonate, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.). Preferably, it is a coconut shell or coal.
（炭化処理・賦活処理）
炭化処理及び賦活処理については、特に限定されず、一般的に用いられる炭化処理及び賦活処理の条件を、広く適用することができる。
( Carbonization treatment / activation treatment )
The carbonization treatment and activation treatment are not particularly limited, and generally used carbonization treatment and activation treatment conditions can be widely applied.
炭化処理は、例えば、600℃〜800℃で行われる、炭化時間は、用いる原料、炭化を行う設備によって適宜設定し得るが、通常、0.5〜10時間程度、好ましくは0.5〜5時間、より好ましくは0.5〜2時間程度である。当該炭化処理は、例えば、ロータリーキルンなどの公知の製造設備を用いて行われる。 The carbonization treatment is performed, for example, at 600 ° C. to 800 ° C., and the carbonization time can be appropriately set depending on the raw materials to be used and the equipment for carbonization, but is usually about 0.5 to 10 hours, preferably 0.5 to 5 hours, more preferably Is about 0.5 to 2 hours. The carbonization is performed using a known production facility such as a rotary kiln.
賦活処理には、例えば、「活性炭工業」重化学工業通信社出版（1974）p.23〜37に記載されている賦活方法、例えば、水蒸気、酸素、炭酸ガスなどの活性ガスによる賦活方法、塩化亜鉛などを用いた薬品による賦活方法などが適宜用いられる。中でも、使用に適した硬さの活性炭を得るという観点から、水蒸気賦活が好ましい。当該賦活処理は、ロータリーキルン、流動炉などの公知の製造設備を用いて、750〜1050℃程度の温度範囲で行われる。 For the activation treatment, for example, the activation method described in “Activated carbon industry”, heavy chemical industry communication company publication (1974) p.23-37, for example, activation method with active gas such as water vapor, oxygen, carbon dioxide, zinc chloride An activation method using chemicals using the above is appropriately used. Among these, steam activation is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining activated carbon having a hardness suitable for use. The activation process is performed in a temperature range of about 750 to 1050 ° C. using known production equipment such as a rotary kiln and a fluidized furnace.
賦活時間は、用いる原料、賦活温度、製造設備などにより異なり、一概には言えないが、一般に、0.5〜48時間程度であり、1〜24時間が好ましい。 The activation time varies depending on the raw material used, the activation temperature, the production equipment, and the like, and cannot be generally specified, but is generally about 0.5 to 48 hours, and preferably 1 to 24 hours.
その後、賦活処理した活性炭を篩い分けて整粒する。粒度は上記活性炭の欄に記載のとおりである。 Thereafter, the activated carbon is sieved and sized. The particle size is as described in the column for activated carbon.
（鉱酸洗浄・水洗処理）
得られた活性炭は、公知の方法で塩酸、硝酸、硫酸などの鉱酸を用いて洗浄される。鉱酸洗浄は、例えば、活性炭を塩酸と接触させることにより行われる。該接触は、活性炭を適当な濃度及び量の塩酸に浸漬、あるいは該塩酸を活性炭に流通するなどして、行うことができる。
( Mineral acid washing / water washing treatment )
The obtained activated carbon is washed with a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or sulfuric acid by a known method. The mineral acid cleaning is performed, for example, by bringing activated carbon into contact with hydrochloric acid. The contact can be performed by immersing activated carbon in hydrochloric acid having an appropriate concentration and amount, or circulating the hydrochloric acid through activated carbon.
塩酸などの鉱酸の濃度は、活性炭中に含まれるアルカリ分を中和でき、不純物として含まれる金属塩（灰分）を溶解できる濃度であればよく、例えば、塩化水素として0.1〜15質量分率％、好ましくは0.1〜5質量分率％が挙げられる。 The concentration of the mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid may be any concentration that can neutralize the alkali contained in the activated carbon and dissolve the metal salt (ash) contained as an impurity. For example, 0.1-15 mass fraction as hydrogen chloride %, Preferably 0.1-5 mass fraction%.
鉱酸洗浄に供される活性炭は、賦活処理後の活性炭そのままの状態であってもよいし、あらかじめ賦活処理後の活性炭を水洗して、水溶性無機成分を除去しておいてもよい。 The activated carbon to be subjected to the mineral acid cleaning may be the activated carbon as it is after the activation treatment, or the activated carbon after the activation treatment may be washed in advance to remove water-soluble inorganic components.
鉱酸洗浄は、活性炭のｐＨが中性になる程度まで行われる。洗浄方法は、回分式であっても連続式であってもよく、温度は、通常5〜80℃、好ましくは10〜80℃の範囲である。高温で洗浄すると、洗浄時間を短縮できる。 The mineral acid cleaning is performed to the extent that the pH of the activated carbon becomes neutral. The washing method may be batch or continuous, and the temperature is usually in the range of 5 to 80 ° C., preferably 10 to 80 ° C. Cleaning at high temperatures can reduce cleaning time.
上記鉱酸による洗浄後、さらに水で洗浄してもよい。当該水洗工程によって、鉱酸洗浄により活性炭から溶出した成分を、十分除去することができる。水洗方法は、回分式であっても連続式であってもよく、温度は通常5〜80℃、好ましくは10〜80℃の範囲である。高温で洗浄すると、洗浄時間を短縮できる。 After washing with the mineral acid, it may be further washed with water. By the water washing step, the components eluted from the activated carbon by the mineral acid washing can be sufficiently removed. The washing method may be a batch method or a continuous method, and the temperature is usually in the range of 5 to 80 ° C., preferably 10 to 80 ° C. Cleaning at high temperatures can reduce cleaning time.
（電解質溶液処理）
上記鉱酸による洗浄後、活性炭を、リン酸イオンを含まない、ｐＨ5.5〜8.5、好ましくはｐＨ6.0〜7.5の電解質溶液と接触させる。当該ｐＨとするために、塩酸、硝酸、硫酸などの鉱酸を併用してもよい。好ましくは塩酸である。当該鉱酸としては、活性炭のｐＨが低下しすぎない程度の、適当な濃度及び量で用いることができる。
( Electrolyte solution treatment )
After washing with the mineral acid, the activated carbon is brought into contact with an electrolyte solution containing no phosphate ions and having a pH of 5.5 to 8.5, preferably pH 6.0 to 7.5. In order to obtain the pH, mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid may be used in combination. Hydrochloric acid is preferred. The mineral acid can be used in an appropriate concentration and amount so that the pH of the activated carbon does not decrease too much.
本発明で用いられる電解質溶液を形成する陰イオンとしては、例えば、塩化物イオン、硫酸イオンなどが挙げられる。硫酸イオンは、マグネシウム、カルシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属と共に、難溶性の塩を形成して活性炭中に残ることがあるため、塩化物イオンを使用することがより好ましい。 Examples of the anion forming the electrolyte solution used in the present invention include chloride ion and sulfate ion. Since sulfate ions may form a sparingly soluble salt together with alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and calcium and remain in the activated carbon, it is more preferable to use chloride ions.
本発明で用いられる電解質溶液を形成する陽イオンとしては、例えば、ナトリウムイオン、カリウムイオン、アンモニウムイオンなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、ナトリウムイオンが好ましい。 Examples of the cation forming the electrolyte solution used in the present invention include sodium ion, potassium ion, and ammonium ion. Among these, sodium ion is preferable.
このような電解質溶液としては、塩化ナトリウム水溶液、塩化カリウム水溶液、塩化アンモニウム水溶液、硫酸ナトリウム水溶液、硫酸カリウム水溶液、硫酸アンモニウム水溶液などが挙げられる。また有機物汚染の少ない海水を、電解質溶液として使用することもできる。 Examples of such an electrolyte solution include a sodium chloride aqueous solution, a potassium chloride aqueous solution, an ammonium chloride aqueous solution, a sodium sulfate aqueous solution, a potassium sulfate aqueous solution, and an ammonium sulfate aqueous solution. Seawater with little organic contamination can also be used as the electrolyte solution.
当該電解質の濃度は、0.1mol/l以上が好ましく、0.5mol/l以上であるとより好ましい。上限値は特に限定されないが、経済的な見地から、5mol/l以下とすることが好ましい。 The concentration of the electrolyte is preferably 0.1 mol / l or more, and more preferably 0.5 mol / l or more. The upper limit value is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 mol / l or less from an economical viewpoint.
これらの電解質溶液と、鉱酸洗浄および必要に応じて水洗浄済の活性炭とを接触させて洗浄する。活性炭と電解質溶液との接触倍数は特に限定されず、所定のリン溶出量まで低減できる範囲で適宜選択できるが、通常、10倍以上であり、20倍以上であることがより好ましい。ここで接触倍数とは、活性炭の体積に対する電解質溶液の体積の倍数のことをいう。活性炭と電解質溶液との接触倍数の上限値は、特に限定されないが、経済的な見地から、200倍以下が好ましい。 These electrolyte solutions are washed by bringing them into contact with mineral acid cleaning and, if necessary, water-washed activated carbon. The contact multiple between the activated carbon and the electrolyte solution is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected within a range that can be reduced to a predetermined phosphorus elution amount, but is usually 10 times or more, and more preferably 20 times or more. Here, the contact multiple means a multiple of the volume of the electrolyte solution with respect to the volume of the activated carbon. The upper limit value of the contact multiple between the activated carbon and the electrolyte solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 times or less from an economical viewpoint.
活性炭と電解質溶液との接触方法及び接触時間は、鉱酸洗浄と同様である。通水で接触させる場合は、10時間以上、好ましくは20時間以上、通水を続けることが好ましい。 The contact method and contact time between the activated carbon and the electrolyte solution are the same as in the mineral acid cleaning. In the case of contact with water, it is preferable to continue water passage for 10 hours or longer, preferably 20 hours or longer.
電解質溶液洗浄後の活性炭は、必要に応じて、水洗して使用することもできる。水洗方法は、上記鉱酸洗浄後の水洗と同様である。また、上向流による洗浄（逆洗）をすることで、活性炭の微粉を同時に除去することもできる。 The activated carbon after washing the electrolyte solution can be used after washing with water, if necessary. The water washing method is the same as the water washing after the mineral acid washing. Moreover, the fine powder of activated carbon can also be removed simultaneously by washing | cleaning by upward flow (back washing).
液相処理用吸着剤
本発明の活性炭は、液相処理用吸着剤とすることができる。
Adsorbent for liquid phase treatment The activated carbon of the present invention can be used as an adsorbent for liquid phase treatment.
本発明における液相処理用吸着剤とは、水を含む液相の処理に用いられる吸着剤を意味するものである。 The adsorbent for liquid phase treatment in the present invention means an adsorbent used for processing a liquid phase containing water.
当該液相処理用吸着剤の処理対象となる液相としては、飲料水；地下水；排水（具体的には、下水及びし尿排水など）が例示される。 Examples of the liquid phase to be treated by the liquid phase treatment adsorbent include drinking water; groundwater; wastewater (specifically, sewage and human wastewater).
当該液相処理用吸着剤の吸着対象物としては特に限定はなく、例えば、被処理水中に含まれるジオスミン、２−メチルイソボルネオールなどの臭気物質、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルムなどの有機塩素化合物、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウムなどの界面活性剤、色度成分、フミン物質、廃鉱物油などの有機化合物などが挙げられる。 There are no particular limitations on the adsorption target of the liquid phase treatment adsorbent, for example, odorous substances such as diosmin and 2-methylisoborneol contained in the water to be treated, organochlorine compounds such as dichloromethane and chloroform, and alkylbenzenesulfonic acid. Examples include surfactants such as sodium, chromaticity components, humic substances, and organic compounds such as waste mineral oil.
本発明の活性炭は、液相中の不純物除去などに用いる吸着剤として好ましく用いることができる。特に、本発明の活性炭は、リン溶出が厳しく制限される用途に適している。そのため、本発明の活性炭は、工場排水、下水及び／又はし尿排水処理用として、好適に用いることができる。 The activated carbon of the present invention can be preferably used as an adsorbent used for removing impurities in the liquid phase. In particular, the activated carbon of the present invention is suitable for applications where phosphorus elution is severely limited. Therefore, the activated carbon of the present invention can be suitably used for treating factory wastewater, sewage and / or human wastewater.
本発明の活性炭は、リン溶出量が少ないため、水処理用途、特に、下水及び／又はし尿排水の活性炭処理工程において、リン溶出量を効果的に低減することができる。 Since the activated carbon of the present invention has a small amount of phosphorus elution, the amount of phosphorus elution can be effectively reduced in water treatment applications, particularly in the activated carbon treatment step of sewage and / or human wastewater.
また、本発明の活性炭は、その調製が容易である。 Moreover, the activated carbon of this invention is easy to prepare.
以下に実施例及び試験例をあげて、本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
実施例１
弱粘結性石炭を粉砕後、常法により造粒して炭化、賦活した活性炭450kgを、濃度2%の塩酸水溶液中で、1時間撹拌洗浄後、水切りした。この活性炭に水1.5m3を加え、5分間撹拌洗浄後、水切りする操作を2回繰り返し、塩酸洗浄及び水洗浄済み活性炭を得た。この活性炭に、pH7.2、濃度0.5mol/lの食塩水1.5m3を加え、5分間撹拌洗浄後、水切りする操作を5回繰り返し、その後、水1.5m3を加え、5分間撹拌洗浄後、水切りを行い、本発明の活性炭を得た。
Example 1
After weakly caking coal was pulverized, 450 kg of activated carbon granulated, carbonized and activated by a conventional method was stirred and washed in a 2% concentration hydrochloric acid aqueous solution for 1 hour, and then drained. To this activated carbon, 1.5 m 3 of water was added, and after stirring and washing for 5 minutes, the operation of draining water was repeated twice. To this activated carbon, 1.5m 3 of saline solution with pH 7.2 and 0.5mol / l concentration was added, washed with stirring for 5 minutes, and then drained five times. After that, 1.5m 3 of water was added and washed with stirring for 5 minutes. After draining, the activated carbon of the present invention was obtained.
実施例２
濃度0.5mol/lの食塩水を、海水を含む地下水(塩化ナトリウム濃度2.5%＝0.43mol/l、pH8.2)に変更した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、活性炭を得た。
Example 2
Activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the salt solution having a concentration of 0.5 mol / l was changed to groundwater containing seawater (sodium chloride concentration 2.5% = 0.43 mol / l, pH 8.2).
実施例３
食塩水中での撹拌洗浄回数を3回に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、活性炭を得た。
Example 3
Activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the number of stirring and washing in the saline was changed to 3.
実施例４
食塩水での洗浄方法を、一時間あたり、活性炭の体積の2倍の割合で、25時間通水する方法に変更した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、活性炭を得た。
Example 4
Activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the washing method with saline was changed to a method of passing water for 25 hours at a rate twice the volume of activated carbon per hour.
実施例５
弱粘結性石炭を粉砕後、常法により造粒して炭化、賦活した活性炭40gを、濃度35%の塩酸水溶液7g及び食塩水（塩化ナトリウム濃度2.5%）75g中で、20分撹拌洗浄後、水切りした。この活性炭に水100mLを加え、5分間撹拌洗浄後、水切りする操作を4回繰り返し、活性炭を得た。
Example 5
After pulverizing weakly caking coal, 40g of activated carbon granulated and carbonized and activated by a conventional method in 7g of 35% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and 75g of saline (sodium chloride concentration 2.5%) after 20 minutes stirring and washing , Drained. The operation of adding 100 mL of water to this activated carbon, stirring and washing for 5 minutes, and then draining water was repeated 4 times to obtain activated carbon.
比較例１
実施例１で得られた塩酸洗浄及び水洗浄済み活性炭を、そのまま使用した。
Comparative Example 1
The activated carbon that had been washed with hydrochloric acid and washed with water obtained in Example 1 was used as it was.
比較例２
食塩水を水に変更した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、活性炭を得た。
Comparative Example 2
Activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the saline was changed to water.
比較例３
食塩水を水に変更した以外は、実施例４と同様にして、活性炭を得た。
Comparative Example 3
Activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the saline was changed to water.
比較例４
食塩水での洗浄方法を、一時間あたり、活性炭の体積の2倍の割合で、5時間通水する方法に変更した以外は、実施例１と同様にして、活性炭を得た。
Comparative Example 4
Activated carbon was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the washing method with saline was changed to a method of passing water for 5 hours at a rate twice the volume of activated carbon per hour.
比較例５
弱粘結性石炭を粉砕後、常法により造粒して炭化、賦活した活性炭40gを、濃度35%の塩酸水溶液7g及び水75g中で、20分撹拌洗浄後、水切りした。この活性炭に水100mLを加え、5分間撹拌洗浄後、水切りする操作を4回繰り返し、活性炭を得た。
Comparative Example 5
After pulverizing weakly caking coal, 40 g of activated carbon granulated, carbonized and activated by a conventional method was stirred and washed in 7 g of 35% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and 75 g of water for 20 minutes, and then drained. The operation of adding 100 mL of water to this activated carbon, stirring and washing for 5 minutes, and then draining water was repeated 4 times to obtain activated carbon.
試験例＜実排水を用いた通水法による、活性炭からのリン溶出量の測定＞
実施例１〜５及び比較例１〜５で得られた活性炭の各20mlを、内径2.5cmのガラス製カラムに充てんし、国内のし尿排水処理施設で得られた活性炭処理前の水（リン濃度0.00mg/l）を、2ml/分の割合で通水した。通水開始の10分後、30分後、60分後及び120分後から、それぞれ5分間水を採取した。これらの水について、ＪＩＳ Ｋ０１０２に規定されるモリブデン青吸光光度法により、リン濃度を測定し、活性炭からのリン溶出量とした。
結果を表１に示した。
Test example <Measurement of phosphorus elution from activated carbon by water flow method using actual waste water>
20 ml of activated carbon obtained in each of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was packed into a glass column having an inner diameter of 2.5 cm, and water (phosphorus concentration) before activated carbon treatment obtained at a domestic human wastewater treatment facility. 0.00mg / l) was passed at a rate of 2 ml / min. Water was collected for 5 minutes from 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes after the start of water flow. About these water, the phosphorus concentration was measured by the molybdenum blue absorptiometric method prescribed | regulated to JISK0102, and it was set as the phosphorus elution amount from activated carbon.
The results are shown in Table 1.
比較例１〜５で得られた活性炭からは、リン溶出量が非常に多かったのに対し、実施例１〜５で得られた活性炭からは、リン溶出量が低く抑えられていた。 From the activated carbon obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 5, the phosphorus elution amount was very large, whereas from the activated carbon obtained in Examples 1 to 5, the phosphorus elution amount was suppressed to a low level.
本発明の活性炭は、リン溶出量が少ないことから、水処理用、特に下水及び／又はし尿排水処理用途に好適に用いることができる。 Since the activated carbon of the present invention has a small amount of phosphorus elution, it can be suitably used for water treatment, particularly for sewage and / or human wastewater treatment.
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| JPH03261614A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1991-11-21 | Toyo Denka Kogyo Kk | Active carbon and calcium phosphate made from plant as raw material and production thereof |
| JP2000254489A (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2000-09-19 | Mie Prefecture | Adsorbent from waste plastic and its production |
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