JP2014067159A - Optimum evacuation countermeasure system against tsunami accompanying railroad operation - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to an optimum evacuation countermeasure system for a tsunami accompanying railway operation.
海岸付近を走行する列車が、津波に襲われる危険のある場合、事前対策を検討する必要がある。また、地震発生時には、最適な避難場所や避難経路を即時的に求め、避難の安全性を向上させる必要がある。
事前対策や地震発生時の避難の安全性を評価するための１つのパラメータとして、津波に対する避難余裕時間を計算することが考えられる。この結果に基づいて、事前対策の優先順位付けを行ったり、安全に避難できる方法を選定したりすることが望まれる。
If there is a risk of a tsunami attacking a train that runs near the coast, it is necessary to consider precautions. In addition, when an earthquake occurs, it is necessary to immediately find an optimal evacuation site and route and improve evacuation safety.
As one parameter for evaluating the safety of evacuation in the event of an advance countermeasure or earthquake, it is conceivable to calculate the evacuation allowance time for a tsunami. Based on this result, it is desirable to prioritize countermeasures and to select a safe evacuation method.
しかしながら、海岸付近を走行する列車の津波に対する最適避難対策システムは確立されていなかった。例えば、列車における避難余裕時間の算定、およびそれに伴う具体的避難対策である避難場所への移動経路選択の定量的評価方法は確立されていなかった。
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、海岸付近を走行する列車に対する津波の最適避難対策を行うことができる、鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムを提供することを目的とする。
However, an optimal evacuation countermeasure system against a tsunami of a train traveling near the coast has not been established. For example, there has not been established a quantitative evaluation method for calculating a evacuation allowance time in a train and selecting a movement route to an evacuation site, which is a specific evacuation measure associated therewith.
In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide an optimum tsunami evacuation countermeasure system associated with railway operation, which can perform tsunami optimum evacuation countermeasures for a train traveling near the coast.
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、
〔１〕鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムにおいて、海底水位計と、海岸地震計と、沿岸を走行する列車と、該列車に搭載される地震情報収集・処理システムとを備え、前記地震情報収集・処理システムは、受信装置と、受信情報処理装置と、列車の位置情報表示装置と、避難場所に関するデータ記憶装置と、避難場所への接近のための運行表示装置と列車からの避難場所への案内表示装置とを具備し、津波の最適避難対策を実行することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] An optimum evacuation countermeasure system for a tsunami accompanying railway operation, comprising: a submarine water level meter, a coastal seismometer, a train traveling along the coast, and a seismic information collection / processing system mounted on the train, The information collection and processing system includes a receiving device, a received information processing device, a train position information display device, a data storage device regarding an evacuation site, an operation display device for approaching the evacuation site, and an evacuation site from the train A guidance display device for the tsunami is provided, and optimal evacuation measures for tsunami are executed.
〔２〕上記〔１〕記載の鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムにおいて、前記地震情報収集・処理システムにより津波の避難余裕時間の算出を行うことを特徴とする。
〔３〕上記〔１〕記載の鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムにおいて、避難場所との関係で列車を移動させるべきか否かを決定することを特徴とする。
〔４〕上記〔１〕記載の鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムにおいて、事前に避難場所の位置データと該避難場所の位置までの通路データとを避難場所に関するデータ記憶装置に記憶することを特徴とする。
[2] The optimum evacuation countermeasure system for tsunami accompanying railway operation as described in [1] above, wherein the tsunami evacuation allowance time is calculated by the earthquake information collection / processing system.
[3] In the optimum evacuation countermeasure system for tsunami accompanying railway operation described in [1] above, it is determined whether or not the train should be moved in relation to the evacuation place.
[4] In the optimum evacuation countermeasure system for tsunami accompanying railway operation described in [1] above, the location data of the evacuation site and the passage data to the location of the evacuation site are stored in advance in the data storage device relating to the evacuation site It is characterized by.
本発明によれば、次のような効果を奏することができる。
海岸付近を走行する列車が、津波に襲われる危険のある場合、安全な避難を行うための乗客・乗員の人命の確保に資することができる。
また、鉄道沿線に対する津波対策のための避難所の位置及びそこまでの避難通路のデータの整備も図ることができる。
According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
When a train that runs near the coast is at risk of being hit by a tsunami, it can contribute to securing the lives of passengers and crew members for safe evacuation.
In addition, the location of shelters for tsunami countermeasures along railway lines and the data of evacuation passages up to that can be planned.
本発明の鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムにおいて、海底水位計と、海岸地震計と、沿岸を走行する列車と、該列車に搭載される地震情報収集・処理システムとを備え、前記地震情報収集・処理システムは、受信装置と、受信情報処理装置と、列車の位置情報表示装置と、避難場所に関するデータ記憶装置と、避難場所への接近のための運行表示装置と列車からの避難場所への案内表示装置とを具備し、津波の最適避難対策を実行する。 In the optimum evacuation countermeasure system for tsunami accompanying railway operation of the present invention, it comprises a submarine water level meter, a coastal seismometer, a train traveling along the coast, and an earthquake information collecting / processing system mounted on the train, The information collection and processing system includes a receiving device, a received information processing device, a train position information display device, a data storage device regarding an evacuation site, an operation display device for approaching the evacuation site, and an evacuation site from the train It is equipped with a guidance display device for tsunami and implements the optimum evacuation measures for tsunami.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の実施例を示す鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムの模式図である。
この図において、１は海岸線、２は海底水位計、３は海岸地震計、４は沿岸の鉄道線路、５は鉄道線路４を走行する列車、６は第１の避難場所、７は第２の避難場所、８は第３の避難場所、９は地震の震源位置である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optimum evacuation countermeasure system for tsunami accompanying railway operation showing an embodiment of the present invention.
In this figure, 1 is the coastline, 2 is the sea level meter, 3 is the coastal seismometer, 4 is the coastal railway track, 5 is the train traveling on the railroad track 4, 6 is the first evacuation site, 7 is the second The evacuation site, 8 is the third evacuation site, and 9 is the epicenter of the earthquake.
本発明の鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムは、海底水位計２と、海岸地震計３と、沿岸を走行する列車５と、後述するが、この列車５に搭載される地震情報収集・処理システム１０とを備えている。
図２は津波に対する避難余裕時間を示す概略特性図であり、縦軸は距離、横軸は時間を示している。
The optimum evacuation countermeasure system for tsunami accompanying railway operation of the present invention includes a submarine water level meter 2, a coastal seismometer 3, a train 5 traveling along the coast, and a seismic information collecting / And a processing system 10.
FIG. 2 is a schematic characteristic diagram showing the evacuation allowance time for the tsunami, where the vertical axis indicates the distance and the horizontal axis indicates the time.
この図において、ａはＰ波、ｂはＳ波、ｃは津波を示す。なお、津波の伝播速度は概ね（ｇＤ）0.5 〔ｇは重力加速度で９．８ｍ／ｓ2 ，Ｄは水深（ｍ）〕で表される（上記非特許文献１参照）。
そして、第１の警報Ａは海岸地震計３によるＰ波警報出力、第２の警報Ｂは海底水位計２による警報出力である。
In this figure, a indicates a P wave, b indicates an S wave, and c indicates a tsunami. The propagation speed of the tsunami is approximately (gD) 0.5 [g is gravitational acceleration, 9.8 m / s 2 , D is water depth (m)] (see Non-Patent Document 1 above).
The first alarm A is a P-wave alarm output from the coastal seismometer 3, and the second alarm B is an alarm output from the submarine water level gauge 2.
第１の警報Ａと第２の警報Ｂによる津波に対する避難余裕時間は以下のように決定される。
第１の警報Ａによる津波に対する避難余裕時間（図２の丸付数字１）：
Ｔｌ1 ＝（Ｒtrain ／Ｖtsunami ）−〔（Ｒkaigan／Ｖｐ）＋Ｔｔ＋Ｔｃ〕−Ｔhinan
第２の警報Ｂによる津波に対する避難余裕時間（図２の丸つき数字２）：
Ｔｌ2 ＝（Ｒtrain ／Ｖtsunami ）−〔（Ｒkaitei／Ｖtsunami ）＋Ｔｔ＋Ｔｃ〕−Ｔhinan
ここで、Ｔｌ1 は第１の警報Ａに対する避難余裕時間（ｓ）、Ｔｌ2 は第２の警報Ｂに対する避難余裕時間（ｓ）である。また、Ｒtrain は列車位置までの震源距離（ｋｍ）、Ｒkaiganは海岸地震計までの震源距離（ｋｍ）、Ｒkaiteiは海底水位計までの震源距離（ｋｍ）を表す。さらに、Ｖtsunami は津波の伝播速度（ｋｍ／ｓ）、ＶｐはＰ波の伝播速度（ｋｍ／ｓ）、ＶｓはＳ波の伝播速度（ｋｍ／ｓ）であり、Ｔｔは情報電送時間（ｓ）、Ｔｃは警報出力に対する処理時間（早期地震諸元演算時間）（ｓ）を表す。最後に、Ｔhinan は、鉄道線路上の任意の地点（路線のキロ程で表現される）における最短避難時間（ｓ）である。
The evacuation allowance time for the tsunami by the first alarm A and the second alarm B is determined as follows.
Evacuation allowance time for tsunami caused by first alarm A (circled number 1 in FIG. 2):
Tl 1 = (R train / V tsunami ) − [(R kaigan / Vp) + Tt + Tc] −T hinan
Evacuation allowance time for tsunami caused by second warning B (circled number 2 in FIG. 2):
Tl 2 = (R train / V tsunami ) − [(R kaitei / V tsunami ) + Tt + Tc] −T hinan
Here, Tl 1 is the evacuation allowance time (s) for the first alarm A, and Tl 2 is the evacuation allowance time (s) for the second alarm B. R train represents the epicenter distance (km) to the train position, R kaigan represents the epicenter distance (km) to the coastal seismometer, and R kaitei represents the epicenter distance (km) to the seafloor water gauge. Furthermore, V tsunami is the tsunami propagation speed (km / s), Vp is the P wave propagation speed (km / s), Vs is the S wave propagation speed (km / s), and Tt is the information transmission time (s ), Tc represents the processing time for the alarm output (early earthquake data calculation time) (s). Finally, T hinan is the shortest evacuation time (s) at an arbitrary point on the railroad track (expressed in kilometer of the route).
なお、ここで示すＴhinan は、鉄道線路上の任意の地点（路線のキロ程で表現される）に対して、事前にデータベース化しておく必要がある。
仮想的な地震について津波に対する避難余裕時間を算定すると、避難余裕時間がない場合が想定される。その場合、津波対策として避難経路の整理、避難場所の増設、避難塔の建設などを行うことが挙げられる。
Note that T hinan shown here needs to be databased in advance for any point on the railroad track (expressed in kilometer of the route).
When calculating the evacuation allowance time for a tsunami for a hypothetical earthquake, it is assumed that there is no evacuation allowance time. In that case, as measures against tsunami, it is possible to arrange evacuation routes, increase evacuation sites, construct evacuation towers, etc.
図３は本発明の実施例を示す列車の位置と避難余裕時間との関係を示す図であり、図３（ａ）は列車の位置と避難余裕時間との関係を示す図、図３（ｂ）は避難余裕時間がない箇所を有する図、図３（ｃ）は避難場所Ｄを増設して避難余裕時間がない箇所を解消した例を示す図である。
図４は本発明の実施例を示す列車に搭載される地震情報収集・処理システムのブロック図である。
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the train position and the evacuation allowance time according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the relationship between the train position and the evacuation allowance time, FIG. FIG. 3C is a diagram showing an example in which an area where there is no evacuation allowance time is eliminated, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an earthquake information collection / processing system mounted on a train showing an embodiment of the present invention.
この図において、１０は地震情報収集・処理システム、１１は受信装置、１２は受信情報処理装置（ＣＰＵ）、１３は列車の位置情報表示装置、１４は避難場所に関するデータ記憶装置、１５は避難のための列車の運行表示装置、１６は列車から避難場所への案内表示装置、１７はプリンターである。
なお、事前に鉄道のキロ程に対して避難場所と避難経路と必要とする避難時間を避難場所に関するデータ記憶装置１４にデータベース化しておく。
In this figure, 10 is an earthquake information collection / processing system, 11 is a receiving device, 12 is a receiving information processing device (CPU), 13 is a train position information display device, 14 is a data storage device regarding an evacuation site, and 15 is an evacuation A train operation display device, 16 is a guidance display device from the train to the evacuation site, and 17 is a printer.
In addition, the evacuation site, the evacuation route, and the required evacuation time are previously stored in the data storage device 14 regarding the evacuation site in a database for the kilometer of the railway.
地震発生時には、後述する避難に対する余裕時間の算定を行う。この余裕時間に基づいて、その場で列車を降りて避難場所へ移動した方がよいか、または列車で移動した後に列車を降りて避難場所へ移動した方がよいか算出する。つまり、安全に確実に避難する方法を地震情報収集・処理システム１０により抽出することで最適な避難場所・避難経路の選定を行う。 When an earthquake occurs, allowance time for evacuation, which will be described later, is calculated. Based on this allowance time, it is calculated whether it is better to get off the train on the spot and move to the evacuation site, or to move to the evacuation site after moving on the train. In other words, the optimum evacuation site / evacuation route is selected by extracting the method of evacuating safely and reliably by the earthquake information collection / processing system 10.
図５は本発明の津波に対する避難例のフローチャートである。
まず、列車は地震情報収集・処理システム１０を搭載しており、受信装置１１を介して、地震・津波に関する情報を受信する（ステップＳ１）。次に、受信情報処理装置（ＣＰＵ）１２の演算・制御により、地震・津波に関する情報を位置情報表示装置１３に表示する（ステップＳ２）。そこで、避難場所と避難経路、避難時間に関するデータをデータ記憶装置１４から抽出する（ステップＳ３）その際に、津波に対する避難余裕時間を算出する。避難余裕時間に対応して、列車は現在の停車位置で乗客・乗員を降ろして避難場所Ａへと避難させた方が良いか、あるいは列車の現在の停車位置からは避難場所Ａへのアクセスが困難（例えば、徒歩での避難に時間がかかる）な場合には避難余裕時間に対応して列車を現在の停車位置から避難場所Ｂ又はＡへのアクセスが容易な箇所まで運行する方が良いかをチェックする。つまり、列車を移動させるか否か（ステップＳ４）をチェックする。その結果、列車を移動させる方が良い場合には、避難のための列車の運行表示装置に表示して移動させる（ステップＳ５）。次いで、列車から避難場所への案内表示を案内表示装置１６に表示する（ステップＳ６）。最後に、列車から避難場所への案内表示をプリントアウトして乗客へ配付する（ステップＳ７）。ステップＳ４にて列車を移動させない場合は、そのままステップＳ７へ進む。 実際の避難場所への避難にあたっては、幼児や高齢者などの乗客も存在するので、リーダーを決めてグループ編成を行って、リーダーによりプリントアウトされた案内表示媒体を点検しながら避難を実施することも考えられる。
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an evacuation example for the tsunami according to the present invention.
First, the train is equipped with the earthquake information collection / processing system 10 and receives information on the earthquake / tsunami via the receiving device 11 (step S1). Next, information on the earthquake / tsunami is displayed on the position information display device 13 by the calculation / control of the reception information processing device (CPU) 12 (step S2). Therefore, data relating to the evacuation place, evacuation route, and evacuation time is extracted from the data storage device 14 (step S3). At that time, an evacuation allowance time for the tsunami is calculated. Corresponding to the evacuation allowance time, it is better for the train to drop passengers / occupants at the current stop position and evacuate to the evacuation place A, or from the current stop position of the train, access to the evacuation place A is possible. If it is difficult (for example, it takes a long time to evacuate on foot), is it better to operate the train from the current stop position to a place where evacuation site B or A is easily accessible in response to the evacuation allowance time? Check. That is, it is checked whether or not the train is moved (step S4). As a result, when it is better to move the train, the train is displayed and moved on the train operation display device for evacuation (step S5). Next, a guidance display from the train to the evacuation site is displayed on the guidance display device 16 (step S6). Finally, a guidance display from the train to the evacuation site is printed out and distributed to the passengers (step S7). If the train is not moved in step S4, the process proceeds to step S7 as it is. When evacuating to an actual evacuation site, there are passengers such as infants and elderly people, so decide the leader and organize the group, and evacuate while checking the information display medium printed out by the leader Is also possible.
このように、避難余裕時間に対応して、列車の乗客・乗員を安全に避難場所へと導くようにすることができる。
本発明によれば、列車内の乗客・乗員は、列車の地震情報収集・処理システムにより、確実に津波に対する避難を行い、乗客・乗員の人命の確保に資することができる。
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づき種々の変形が可能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。
In this way, it is possible to safely guide the train passengers / occupants to the evacuation site in accordance with the evacuation allowance time.
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the passenger and crew member in a train can evacuate with respect to a tsunami reliably by a train earthquake information collection and processing system, and can contribute to ensuring the life of a passenger and a crew member.
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, Based on the meaning of this invention, a various deformation | transformation is possible and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.
本発明の鉄道運行に伴う津波の最適避難対策システムは、確実に津波に対する避難を行い、乗客・乗員の人命の確保に資することができる津波の最適避難対策システムとして利用可能である。 The optimum evacuation countermeasure system for a tsunami accompanying railway operation of the present invention can be used as an optimum evacuation countermeasure system for a tsunami that can reliably evacuate against a tsunami and contribute to securing the lives of passengers and passengers.
１ 海岸線
２ 海底水位計
３ 海岸地震計
４ 沿岸の鉄道線路
５ 鉄道線路を走行する列車
６ 第１の避難場所
７ 第２の避難場所
８ 第３の避難場所
９ 地震の震源位置
１０ 地震情報収集・処理システム
１１ 受信装置
１２ 受信情報処理装置（ＣＰＵ）
１３ 列車の位置情報表示装置
１４ 避難場所に関するデータ記憶装置
１５ 避難のための列車の運行表示装置
１６ 列車から避難場所への案内表示装置
１７ プリンター
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coastline 2 Seafloor water level meter 3 Coastal seismometer 4 Coastal railway track 5 Train traveling on railroad track 6 First evacuation site 7 Second evacuation site 8 Third evacuation site 9 Earthquake source 10 Earthquake information collection / Processing system 11 Receiving device 12 Receiving information processing device (CPU)
13 Train position information display device 14 Data storage device related to evacuation site 15 Train operation display device for evacuation 16 Guidance display device from train to evacuation site 17 Printer
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| JP2012211077A JP6198218B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2012-09-25 | Tsunami evacuation measures for railway operations |
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| JP2012211077A JP6198218B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2012-09-25 | Tsunami evacuation measures for railway operations |
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| JP2014067159A true JP2014067159A (en) | 2014-04-17 |
| JP6198218B2 JP6198218B2 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104680722A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-06-03 | 北京交通大学 | High-speed rail earthquake early warning system based on big data idea |
| CN106205060A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 临沂大学 | For outdoor pit Tailings Dam slope and land slide early alarming and forecasting method |
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| CN104680722A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-06-03 | 北京交通大学 | High-speed rail earthquake early warning system based on big data idea |
| CN106205060A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 临沂大学 | For outdoor pit Tailings Dam slope and land slide early alarming and forecasting method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6198218B2 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
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