JP2014063617A - Device and program for rating residual value of storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rate a storage battery by evaluating a future residual value.SOLUTION: A device for rating a residual value of a storage battery includes: equivalent history identification means; probability distribution calculation means; residual value calculation means; and rating means. The equivalent history identification means identifies an equivalent history of the storage battery in a test condition which is calculated from deterioration test data measured for each test condition with respect to the storage battery and a state amount of the inside of the storage battery, and is equivalent to the past use history of the storage battery. The probability distribution calculation means calculates the state of the storage battery after predetermined period from the deterioration test data as the probability distribution by regarding the identified equivalent history as the current state of the storage battery. The residual value calculation means obtains the residual value of the storage battery by calculating a ratio by which the probability distribution exceeds the use limit standard in accordance with the use purpose of the storage battery as an incompatibility ratio. The rating means applies rating to the residual value of the storage battery in accordance with the incompatibility ratio after the predetermined period.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a storage battery residual value rating device and a program.

  A technology for evaluating the future value (residual value) of a storage battery is required for the storage battery reuse market.

  For example, firstly, in order to estimate the residual value of the storage battery, a technique of knowing the conventional usage history in detail and analogizing based on the usage history has been considered.

  Secondly, a technique for classifying storage batteries based on whether or not typical performance indicators such as capacity are within a predetermined range is also disclosed.

JP2011-146389A

  However, as in the first prior art, in order to know the past usage history, even if charging / discharging information is collected sequentially, the user's changes, etc., do not always accurately estimate the future deterioration state of the storage battery. I couldn't.

  Further, in the case of a storage battery system composed of a plurality of storage cells, the residual value can be evaluated for each storage cell, but there is a problem that there is no method for performing evaluation and rating as a storage battery system from the evaluation results of individual storage cells. there were.

  Further, according to the second prior art, evaluation (grading) is performed using only the current state quantity, and the grading is not performed in consideration of the possibility of future deterioration.

  The residual value rating device for a storage battery according to the embodiment includes an equivalent history identification unit, an estimation unit, a residual value calculation unit, and a rating unit. The equivalent history identifying means is calculated from the deterioration test data measured for each test condition for the storage battery and the state quantity inside the storage battery, and the equivalent test condition in the test condition equivalent to the use history of the storage battery so far. Identify the equivalent history of a storage battery. The estimation means regards the identified equivalent history as the current state of the storage battery and estimates the state of the storage battery after a predetermined period. The residual value calculation means calculates a ratio of the estimated state exceeding a use limit level in accordance with a use application of the storage battery as a nonconformity rate to obtain a residual value of the storage battery. The rating means ranks the remaining value of the storage battery according to the nonconformity rate after the predetermined period.

  The residual value rating device for a storage battery according to the embodiment includes an equivalent history identification unit, a probability distribution calculation unit, a residual value calculation unit, and a rating unit. The equivalent history identifying means is calculated from the deterioration test data measured for each test condition for the storage battery and the state quantity inside the storage battery, and the equivalent test condition in the test condition equivalent to the use history of the storage battery so far. Identify the equivalent history of a storage battery. The probability distribution calculating means regards the identified equivalent history as the current state of the storage battery, and calculates the state of the storage battery after a predetermined period as a probability distribution from the deterioration test data. The residual value calculation means calculates a ratio of the probability distribution exceeding a use limit level in accordance with a use application of the storage battery as a nonconformity rate to obtain a residual value of the storage battery. The rating means ranks the remaining value of the storage battery according to the nonconformity rate after the predetermined period.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery residual value rating system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the residual value rating apparatus. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the result of obtaining the nonconformity rate after a predetermined period of the storage battery. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of the residual value diagnosis process of the storage battery. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method for detecting the state quantity of the storage battery. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a method for detecting the state quantity of the storage battery. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a method for detecting the state quantity of the storage battery. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the deterioration characteristic of the state quantity stored in the deterioration characteristic DB. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram exemplifying a method for identifying an equivalent history. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing for identifying an equivalent history. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating the existence probability of a representative performance index (capacity) of a storage battery. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating the existence probability of a representative performance index (internal resistance) of a storage battery. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a rating based on a nonconformity rate after a predetermined period of the storage battery. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of rating from the nonconformity rate after a predetermined period of the storage battery. FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the flow of the rating process for the storage battery. FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the residual value rating apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the flow of the residual value diagnosis process of the storage battery. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a method for obtaining the identification history identification likelihood. FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing the flow of the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation processing. FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for calculating the existence probability of a representative performance index (capacity) of a storage battery. FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for calculating the existence probability of a representative performance index (capacity) of a storage battery. FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for estimating the future state of the storage battery without calculating the existence probability. FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for estimating the future state of the storage battery without calculating the existence probability.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery residual value rating system according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the storage battery residual value rating system 200 is a computer system that performs a rating of the residual value of the storage battery 1. In the present embodiment, the residual value rating device 201, which is one of the components of the residual value rating system 200 for storage batteries, has various types of devices via a communication network such as a LAN (Local Area Network) or an intranet according to the processing function. It can be configured by a processing device group.

  The residual value rating device 201 is roughly based on the current state quantity of the storage battery 1 such as the number of times of charge / discharge of the storage battery 1 to be diagnosed, the resistance measurement value, the capacity measurement value, and a lot of test data accumulated in advance. Then, the residual value of the storage battery 1 after a predetermined period is obtained, and the storage battery 1 is rated from the estimated residual value after the predetermined period.

  The residual value rating device 201 is a computer that executes and calculates a program, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 100, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 110, a communication interface (IF) 120, and an input interface (IF) 130. A display interface (IF) 140, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 150, a storage unit 160 such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), and a timer 170. In addition, the residual value rating device 201 may include an interface (IF) for mounting an external storage device such as a USB memory.

  The CPU 100 is an arithmetic processing unit (microprocessor) that reads a program stored in the ROM 150 or the storage unit 160 into the RAM 110 and performs processing. The CPU 100 can be configured by a plurality of CPU groups (microcomputers, microcontrollers) in accordance with functions. Further, a built-in memory having a RAM function may be provided in the CPU.

  The RAM 110 is a recording area used when the CPU 100 executes a program, and is a memory used as a working area. The RAM 110 is suitable for temporarily storing data necessary for processing.

  The communication IF 120 is a communication device (communication means) that exchanges data with the storage battery 1, and is, for example, a router. In the present embodiment, the connection between the communication IF 120 and the storage battery 1 is described as in wired communication, but can be replaced with various wireless communication networks.

  The input IF 130 is an interface that connects the input unit 131 and the residual value rating device 201. The input IF 130 may have an input control function for converting the input signal sent from the input unit 131 and converting the input signal into a signal that can be recognized by the CPU 100. The input IF 130 is not an essential component as a terminal or the like, and may be directly connected to the wiring in the residual value rating device 201.

  The input unit 131 is an input device (input unit) that performs input control of various keyboards, buttons, and the like that are generally provided in a computer device. In addition, a function of recognizing or detecting an input signal by recognizing a voice uttered by a person may be provided. In this embodiment, it is installed outside the residual value rating device 201, but may be incorporated in the residual value rating device 201.

  The display IF 140 is an interface that connects the display unit 141 and the residual value rating apparatus 201. Display control of the display unit 141 may be performed from the CPU 100 via the display IF 140, or display control of the display unit 141 may be performed via the display IF 140 from an LSI (GPU) that performs drawing processing such as a graphic board. . As the display control function, for example, there is a decoding function for decoding image data. The display IF 140 is not an essential component as a terminal or the like, and may be directly connected to the wiring in the residual value rating device 201.

  The display unit 141 is an output device (output unit) such as a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, or a plasma display. In addition, the display unit 141 may have a function of emitting sound. In the present embodiment, the display unit 141 is installed outside the residual value rating device 201, but may be incorporated inside the residual value rating device 201.

  The ROM 150 is a program memory that stores programs. A non-primary storage medium that cannot write data is preferably used, but a storage medium such as a semiconductor memory that can read and write data at any time may be used. In addition, a display program for displaying image data with characters and symbols that can be recognized by a person on the display unit 141, a program for distributing content such as battery deterioration information to other terminals not shown via the communication IF 120, and the like An information registration program for storing data in the storage unit 160 at predetermined time intervals may be stored.

  In addition to the program 161, the storage unit 160 stores a deterioration test data database (DB) 4 that stores in advance deterioration test data measured for each test condition for the storage battery 1.

  Next, the functional configuration of the residual value rating apparatus 201 will be described. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the residual value rating apparatus 201. As shown in FIG. 2, the CPU 100 operates in accordance with a program 161, whereby the characteristic inspection device 2, the state quantity detector 3, the residual value diagnostic device 10 that diagnoses the residual value of the storage battery 1, and deterioration characteristic calculation management. The unit 20 and the diagnostic result display unit 30 function.

  The characteristic inspection device 2 receives a diagnosis command of the residual value of the storage battery 1 from the residual value diagnostic device 10, performs charge / discharge of the storage battery 1 to be diagnosed, resistance measurement, capacity measurement, etc., and the current of the storage battery 1 to be diagnosed Characteristic inspection for detecting a plurality of state quantities is performed, and characteristic inspection data as a result thereof is sent to the state quantity detector 3.

  The state quantity detector 3 detects or estimates the state quantity of the storage battery 1 using the characteristic inspection data of the storage battery 1 to be diagnosed received from the characteristic inspection apparatus 2, and uses the result as the deterioration characteristic calculation management unit 20 and the residual value. Input to the diagnostic device 10.

  The residual value diagnostic device 10 includes a diagnosis control unit 11 that detects and estimates a plurality of state quantities of the storage battery 1 to be evaluated, an equivalent history identification unit 15 that functions as an equivalent history identification unit, and a probability distribution calculation unit or estimation unit. A future value estimation unit 16 that functions, a residual value calculation unit 14 that functions as a residual value calculation unit, and a value rating unit 17 that functions as a rating unit.

  The deterioration characteristic calculation management unit 20 includes a deterioration characteristic calculation unit 21, a deterioration characteristic database (DB) 22, a deterioration characteristic management unit 23, and a rating result database (DB) 24. The deterioration characteristic DB 22 and the rating result DB 24 are formed in the storage unit 160.

  The diagnosis control unit 11 of the residual value diagnostic device 10 starts diagnosis of the residual value of the storage battery 1 after the storage battery 1 to be evaluated is mounted on the residual value rating device 201.

  The deterioration characteristic management unit 23 of the deterioration characteristic calculation management unit 20 receives a command from the diagnosis control unit 11 and outputs the instruction to the deterioration characteristic calculation unit 21. The deterioration characteristic calculation unit 21 obtains test data measured for each test condition from the storage battery deterioration test data DB 4, and provides the test data for each test condition to the state quantity detector 3. Then, the state quantity detector 3 detects or estimates a plurality of state quantities, and inputs them to the deterioration characteristic calculation unit 21 as a state quantity calculation result.

  In addition, the deterioration characteristic calculation unit 21 organizes the plurality of state quantities input from the state quantity detector 3 for each test condition in association with the number of charge / discharge cycles obtained from the deterioration test data DB 4, and provides deterioration characteristics. Store in DB22. The deterioration characteristic DB 22 also stores information on the state quantity of the storage battery 1 evaluated in the past.

  When the diagnosis control unit 11 of the residual value diagnostic device 10 detects and estimates a plurality of state quantities of the storage battery 1 to be evaluated, it makes an inquiry to the deterioration characteristic management unit 23.

  In response to an inquiry from the diagnosis control unit 11, the deterioration characteristic management unit 23 converts the stored plurality of state quantities into the number of charge / discharge cycles from the deterioration characteristic DB 22 for each test condition and equivalent condition performed in a plurality of storage batteries. Acquired in correspondence, and sends it to the equivalent history identification unit 15.

  The equivalent history identification unit 15 obtains information on the state quantity of the storage battery 1 to be evaluated from the state quantity detector 3 and simultaneously obtains data on the state quantity of each test condition associated with the number of charge / discharge cycles from the deterioration characteristic DB 22. Obtain. Then, the equivalent history identification unit 15 inquires the state quantity of the storage battery 1 to be evaluated with the state quantity data of each test condition, thereby obtaining the equivalent cycle number and the equivalent temperature condition as the equivalent history of the storage battery 1 to be evaluated. And / or an equivalent charge / discharge condition.

  The future value estimation unit 16 inquires of the deterioration characteristic management unit 23 about the deterioration characteristics of the plurality of state quantities under the equivalent temperature condition and the equivalent charge / discharge condition, which are the equivalent history identified by the equivalent history identification unit 15.

  The deterioration characteristic management unit 23 obtains deterioration characteristics of a plurality of state quantities under equivalent temperature conditions and equivalent charge / discharge conditions, which are equivalent histories identified by the equivalent history identification unit 15, from the deterioration characteristic DB 22, and a future value estimation unit. 16 to send.

Based on the current equivalent cycle number N _eq, which is the equivalent history identified in the equivalent history identification unit 15, the future value estimation unit 16 calculates the future cycle number N _p obtained by advancing the cycle number N _f for a predetermined period. Ask. Cycles N _f of the predetermined period includes a number of years Y _p where the battery 1 to be evaluated has elapsed from the diagnosis of the previous is the N _eq is the current number of equivalent cycles, the number of equivalent cycles in the previous diagnosis N _{eq From −p} , it can be obtained as follows. For example, the number of cycles N _f−1 assumed to be performed in the next year can be obtained as follows.
N _f−1 = (N _eq −N _eq−p ) ÷ Y _p

Moreover, when diagnosing for the first time, you may obtain | require the cycle number for one year from the relationship between the elapsed days from the use start date to the day of evaluation, and the number of equivalent cycles. Further, the number of cycles N _f of one year may be used a fixed value as 100 cycles, called. In this way, the number of cycles N _f for a predetermined period of 1 year, 2 years, 4 years, etc. is determined,
N _p = N _eq + N _f
The number of future cycles N _{p for} which value is desired to be determined is determined.

Subsequently, the value estimation unit 16 in the future, an equivalent history identified in the equivalent history identification unit 15, equivalent temperature conditions, in an equivalent charge and discharge conditions, in the future the number of cycles N _p, a plurality of status variable data, battery Convert to typical performance indicators such as capacity and internal resistance.

Incidentally, the typical performance indicators have been previously described as the degradation characteristics for the equivalent number of cycles, it may be provided in a state in which the performance index value is determined in the future the number of cycles N _p. At this time, the performance index value can be converted as a value having variation with respect to the equivalent cycle number, and can be obtained as a value having a distribution of standard deviation σ _c (N _cyc ) (function of equivalent cycle number) with respect to the center value. . The representative performance index considering the variation of the performance index value corresponding to the future equivalent cycle number N _p is the performance index value when the equivalent cycle number is N _{p as} the center value, and the distribution of the standard deviation σ _c (N _p ). Existence probability distribution with

The residual value calculation unit 14 obtains the use limit level (= unrecoverable level) in the performance index corresponding to the intended use of the storage battery to be evaluated from the diagnosis control unit 11, and the future cycle calculated by the future value estimation unit 16 calculated performance index value in the number N _p, using the variation standard deviation of error σ _{c (N p)} of the performance index, in comparison with the use limit level values, calculates the current residual value.

  The residual value calculation unit 14 uses the ratio of the existence probability distribution exceeding the use limit level as a nonconformity rate and sets it as a variable for determining the residual value. At this time, as the nonconformity rate after a predetermined period, it is possible to obtain nonconformity rates after a plurality of predetermined periods such as one year later, two years later, four years later. As a result, the result of obtaining the nonconformity rate after a predetermined period of the storage battery 1 as shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the number of equivalent cycles for one year is 100 cycles. The residual value calculation unit 14 outputs the result thus obtained to the diagnosis result display unit 30.

  The diagnosis result display unit 30 displays the result output from the residual value calculation unit 14 on the display unit 141.

  Here, the flow of the residual value diagnosis process of the storage battery 1 described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, first, the diagnosis control unit 11 of the residual value diagnostic device 10 confirms that the storage battery 1 to be evaluated has been attached to the residual value rating device 201 (characteristic inspection device 2), and the residual value. Diagnosis is started (step S101). In addition, when the storage battery 1 to be evaluated is composed of a plurality of power storage cells, at least the identification of the equivalent history is performed for all the power storage cells.

  Subsequently, the diagnosis control unit 11 acquires the charge / discharge curve of the storage battery 1 by controlling the characteristic inspection device 2, and the state quantity detector 3 detects a plurality of state quantities of the evaluation target storage battery 1 from the result ( Step S102).

  For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3669673, such a state quantity is detected using parameters and physical constants as shown in FIG. 6 prepared in advance using a discharge curve as shown in FIG. The parameters expressing the discharge curve can be estimated and shown as shown in FIG.

  Subsequently, the equivalent history identification unit 15 includes information on the state quantity of the storage battery 1 to be evaluated from the state quantity detector 3 and the state quantity of each test condition associated with the number of charge / discharge cycles from the deterioration characteristic DB 22. Based on the data, the equivalent temperature condition, the equivalent cycle number under the equivalent charge / discharge condition, and the like are identified as the equivalent history of the storage battery to be evaluated (step S103). More specifically, each state quantity of the evaluation target storage battery 1 detected this time is identified as having the highest likelihood equivalent history as compared with the deterioration characteristics of the state quantities with respect to the number of charge / discharge cycles.

  Here, the deterioration characteristics of a plurality of state quantities with respect to the number of charge / discharge cycles for each specific temperature condition and specific charge / discharge condition stored in the deterioration characteristic DB 22 are as shown in FIG. 8 when the charge / discharge condition is 1C charge / discharge. Are managed in different ways. As shown in FIG. 8, the deterioration characteristics stored in the deterioration characteristic DB 22 are calculated based on the test data of the plurality of storage batteries 1 to be tested. It is measured by.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory view exemplarily showing a method for identifying an equivalent history. The equivalent history is identified as shown in FIG. 9 for the deterioration characteristic of the state quantity as shown in FIG. FIG. 9 shows data under a temperature condition of 35 ° C. and a charge / discharge condition of 1C (one charge / discharge cycle in one hour), and the measurement results at discrete charge / discharge cycles in which measurement was performed. Therefore, the approximate curve connecting the median values is indicated by “line”, and the curve obtained by linear interpolation of the points with standard deviation ± σ is indicated by “dashed line”. Hereinafter, a case where the detected state quantities are three, s1, s2, and s3, will be described as an example.

As shown in FIG. 9, the number of charge / discharge cycles corresponding to the detected value is N ₁ , N ₂ , N, for each of the plurality of state quantities calculated based on the test data of the plurality of storage batteries 1 to be tested. ₃ is required. At the same time, the identification error E _eq is obtained by the following equation (1).

N ₁ , N ₂ , and N ₃ are obtained by the following equations as the number of equivalent cycles corresponding to the center line of the deterioration characteristics shown in FIG.
N ₁ = N _cyc (T _p , s1)
N ₂ = N _cyc (T _p , s2)
N ₃ = N _cyc (T _p , s3)
Further, the identification likelihood corresponding to each of the state quantities s1, s2, and s3 is related to the curve obtained by linear interpolation of the points of standard deviation ± σ with respect to the approximate curve connecting the medians as shown in FIG. Σ ₁ , σ ₂ , and σ ₃ are obtained so that becomes 2σ.

The equivalent cycle number N _eq is determined as a value that minimizes the identification error E _eq .
minE _eq (T _p , C _crg )

In this way, the equivalent cycle number N _eq is obtained for each temperature condition and charge / discharge condition. When the temperature conditions stored in the degradation characteristic DB 22 are three types of 25 ° C., 35 ° C., and 45 ° C. and the charge / discharge conditions are two types of 1C and 3C, first, a total of three equivalent cycle numbers N assuming 1C charge / discharge. _eq and minE _eq (T _p , C _crg ) are obtained, and the equivalent cycle number N _eq when E _eq (T _p , C _crg ) is the smallest is adopted as the identification result. And the temperature condition and charging / discharging condition in that case are determined as an equivalent temperature condition in the case of the equivalent charging / discharging condition 1C. FIG. 9 shows a case where 35 ° C. is determined as the equivalent temperature condition.

  Here, the flow of processing for identifying the equivalent history in the equivalent history identifying unit 15 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 10, the equivalent history identifying unit 15 starts identifying equivalent history (number of equivalent cycles) (step S201) and accepts selection of the charge / discharge rate C _crg (step S202). In the example shown in FIG. 9, 1C charge / discharge is selected.

Subsequently, the equivalent history identification unit 15 sets the number of state quantities detected by the state quantity detector 3 to “m” (step S203), and selects one of p types of temperature conditions T _p registered in the deterioration characteristic DB 22. Selection of one temperature condition is accepted (step S204).

Next, the equivalent history identifying unit 15 obtains the number of charge / discharge cycles as an equivalent number of cycles N _cyc (T _p , sm) of m state quantities under the temperature condition T _p selected in step S204, and the relative error E _eq thereof. (T _p , C _crg ) is obtained (step S205).

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the temperature conditions of 25 ° C., 35 ° C., and 45 ° C. are registered in the deterioration characteristic DB 22, the equivalent history identifying unit 15 uses the relative error E _eq ( T _p , C _crg ) (Yes in step S206), and the temperature at which the relative error E _eq (T _p , C _crg ) is minimum with respect to P types (three types in the example of FIG. 8) of temperature conditions The condition is the equivalent temperature condition, the equivalent cycle number N _eq and the equivalent temperature T _p are selected (step S207), the equivalent cycle number N _eq and the equivalent temperature T _p are specified (step S210), and the equivalent history is identified. finish.

In addition, when the storage battery 1 to be evaluated is composed of a plurality of q power storage cells, the equivalent history is obtained for all the power storage cells as shown in FIG. At this time, it is preferable that the equivalent charge / discharge condition and the equivalent temperature condition are matched to the equivalent charge / discharge condition and the equivalent temperature condition adopted as the equivalent history of the most cells among q cells. After the representative equivalent charge / discharge conditions and the representative equivalent temperature of the storage battery 1 are determined as the most equivalent history among the q cells, the cells in which the equivalent charge / discharge conditions and equivalent temperatures that are different in the processing flow of FIG. , The equivalent equivalent charge / discharge condition determined as the storage battery 1 and the equivalent cycle number N _eq at the representative equivalent temperature are calculated again.

Returning to the flow of FIG. 4, the future value estimation unit 16 performs the equivalent temperature condition and the equivalent charge / discharge condition that are the equivalent history identified in the equivalent history identification unit 15 with respect to the equivalent cycle number N _eq obtained in step S <b> 104. From this, the cycle number N _f for a predetermined period is determined, and the existence probability distribution in the performance index value at the equivalent cycle number N _p (= N _eq + N _f ) is obtained (step S104).

  Here, the result when the representative performance index is the capacity of the storage battery 1 is shown in FIG. The capacity of the storage battery 1 can be expressed as the sum of the state quantity 1 and the state quantity 2 when the state quantity 1 and the state quantity 2 are the capacities of the two main active materials of the electrode of the storage battery 1.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the equivalent cycle number N _eq is obtained as a value at an equivalent temperature condition of 35 ° C., the degradation characteristic of the representative performance index at 35 ° C. is derived from the degradation characteristic DB 22 of the storage battery, and the equivalent cycle number It is obtained as a distribution probability distribution of a normal distribution according to the standard deviation σ _c of the variation distribution possessed by the deterioration characteristic DB 22 around the value of the representative performance index at N _p , that is, the capacity at the equivalent cycle number N _p .

  Next, the residual value calculation unit 14 compares the existence probability distribution in the performance index obtained in step S104 with the use limit level (= non-recoverable level), and sets the ratio that the existence probability distribution exceeds the use limit level as the nonconformance rate. The residual value is calculated (step S105).

  When the storage battery to be evaluated is composed of a plurality of q power storage cells, the nonconformity rate is obtained for all the power storage cells as shown in FIG. 3, but the number of equivalent cycles is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Only the nonconformity rate of the cell may be obtained. At this time, it is preferable that the equivalent charge / discharge condition and the equivalent temperature condition are matched to the representative equivalent charge / discharge condition and the representative equivalent temperature condition adopted as the equivalent history of the most cells among the q cells.

  Then, the diagnosis result display unit 30 displays the residual value calculated in step S105 on the display unit 141 (step S106).

  Note that the nonconformity rate described above may be a value determined by the distance between the center value of the performance index value in the future equivalent cycle number and the use limit level. In this case, there are several threshold values for the distance and a predetermined nonconformity rate for the threshold value, and the predetermined nonconformity rate is obtained by comparing the threshold value with the distance.

  11 shows a method for obtaining the nonconformity rate with respect to the capacity of the storage battery. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the nonconformance rate can also be obtained for the internal resistance as a representative performance index. As described above, the residual value may be comprehensively evaluated by obtaining the nonconformance rate for a plurality of representative performance indexes such as the capacity and the internal resistance value.

  Next, the value rating unit 17 will be described in detail.

The value rating unit 17 performs the rating using the nonconformity rate of the performance index value in N _p (= N _eq + N _f ) obtained by the residual value calculation unit 14. Further, the value rating unit 17 notifies the diagnosis control unit 11 of the rating result.

  The criteria for rating in the value rating unit 17 are defined in advance as shown in FIG. 13, for example. FIG. 14 shows an example of the result of rating the storage battery 1 according to the standard as shown in FIG.

  In addition, when a nonconformity rate is obtained with respect to a plurality of types of representative performance indicators such as the capacity and internal resistance of the storage battery 1, it is preferable to perform each rating and adopt a low rating.

  Further, in the case of a storage battery composed of a plurality of storage cells, the rating may be a configuration showing only the lowest rating result among the ratings performed on the plurality of storage cells, and the storage cell corresponding to each rating May be displayed. Further, the number of power storage cells corresponding to each rating may be indicated for each rating as a ratio to the total q power storage cells.

  The diagnosis control unit 11 that has received the rating result in this manner acquires the ID of the storage battery 1 from the characteristic inspection device 2 and notifies the deterioration characteristic management unit 23 of the ID of the storage battery 1 and the rating result. The deterioration characteristic management unit 23 stores the storage battery ID and the rating result in the rating result DB 24.

  Here, the flow of the rating process for the storage battery 1 in the value rating unit 17 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 15, when there is an instruction to start rating (step S501), the value rating unit 17 executes the above-described rating process (step S502).

  Thereafter, the value rating unit 17 inquires of the diagnosis control unit 11 about the ID of the storage battery 1 to be evaluated, and when the previous rating result is not stored in the rating result DB 24 (No in step S503), in step S502 The rating result is adopted (step S505), and the rating process is terminated.

  On the other hand, when the previous rating result is stored in the rating result DB 24 (Yes in step S503), the value rating unit 17 determines that the evaluation target storage battery 1 is used for the same purpose from the previous rating result. If the rating is lower than the previous rating result stored in the rating result DB 24 (Yes in step S504), the rating process is terminated as it is. Further, the value rating unit 17 is higher than the previous rating result stored in the rating result DB 24 so that when the storage battery 1 to be evaluated is used for the same purpose, the rating is not higher than the previous rating result. In the case of rating (No in step S504), the previous rating result is adopted (step S506), and the rating process is terminated.

  Then, the diagnosis result display unit 30 also displays the rating result in the rating process for the storage battery 1 in the value rating unit 17 on the display unit 141. That is, the diagnosis result display unit 30 functions as a rating result display unit.

  Thus, according to the storage battery residual value grading apparatus and program of the first embodiment, a plurality of estimated state quantities inside the storage battery 1 and a large number of deterioration test data measured for each test condition for the storage battery 1. From this, the equivalent history (for example, the number of charge / discharge cycles) under the test conditions equivalent to the usage history of the storage battery 1 is identified, the identified equivalent history is regarded as the current state, and the storage battery after a predetermined period The state 1 is obtained as a probability distribution from past deterioration test data, the ratio of the residual value of the storage battery 1 after a predetermined period exceeding the use limit level is calculated as the nonconformity rate, and the rating is performed based on this nonconformity rate. As a result, it is possible to evaluate the residual value in the future and perform the rating of the storage battery 1. By probabilistically quantifying the margin with respect to the use limit level, The change in the margin can be expressed stochastically, and the future residual value can be obtained.

  That is, since the current rating of the storage battery 1 can be known without knowing the past usage history of the storage battery 1, the residual value of the storage battery 1 after a predetermined period in the reuse market of the storage battery 1 is calculated. It is possible to evaluate quantitatively only from information.

  Further, by performing the rating, the state of the storage battery 1 can be diagnosed in consideration of the future use state, and the storage cell to be replaced can be specified.

  Furthermore, in order to know the future value, if the number of cycles can be known as an equivalent history up to the present time, it is possible to predict performance degradation with respect to an increase in the number of cycles.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same part as 1st Embodiment mentioned above is shown with the same code | symbol, and description is also abbreviate | omitted.

In the first embodiment, after the determined number of equivalent cycles N _p, the standard deviation sigma _c is a variation of the representative performance index in an equivalent cycle number N _p but for the presence probability distribution as a reference, the current equivalent Similarly, the identification likelihood in the process of identifying the number of cycles N _eq takes into account the influence of the variation element of each state quantity, and therefore the same existence probability distribution can be obtained using the identification likelihood σ _eq. .

  FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the residual value rating apparatus 201 according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 16, in the residual value rating device 201 of the residual value rating system 200 of the storage battery, instead of the equivalent history identification unit 15 of the first embodiment, equivalent history identification and identification functioning as equivalent history identification means. A likelihood calculation unit 12 is provided, and a presence probability distribution calculation unit 13 that functions as a probability distribution calculation unit or an estimation unit is provided instead of the future value estimation unit 16 of the first embodiment.

  The equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12 obtains information on the state quantity of the storage battery 1 to be evaluated from the state quantity detector 3 and at the same time, the test condition associated with the number of charge / discharge cycles from the deterioration characteristic DB 22. Get state quantity data. Then, the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculating unit 12 inquires the state quantity of the evaluation target storage battery 1 with the state quantity data of each test condition, thereby obtaining the equivalent temperature of the evaluation target storage battery 1 as the equivalent history. In addition to identifying the conditions, the number of equivalent cycles under equivalent charge / discharge conditions, and the like, the identification likelihood is calculated as a probability distribution at the same time.

  The existence probability distribution calculation unit 13 provides the deterioration characteristic management unit 23 with the deterioration characteristics of the plurality of state quantities under the equivalent temperature condition and the equivalent charge / discharge condition, which is the equivalent history identified by the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12. Inquire.

  The deterioration characteristic management unit 23 obtains, from the deterioration characteristic DB 22, the deterioration characteristics of the plurality of state quantities under the equivalent temperature condition and the equivalent charge / discharge condition, which are the equivalent history identified by the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12. And sent to the existence probability distribution calculation unit 13.

  The existence probability distribution calculation unit 13 is a plurality of state quantities associated with the number of charge / discharge cycles in the equivalent temperature condition and the equivalent charge / discharge condition, which is the equivalent history identified by the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12. The data is converted into typical performance indexes such as storage battery capacity and internal resistance value, and the performance index value at the equivalent cycle number identified by the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculating unit 12 is calculated. Further, the existence probability distribution calculation unit 13 obtains an existence probability distribution in the performance index value based on the identification likelihood calculated by the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12.

  Here, the flow of the residual value diagnosis process of the storage battery 1 in the present embodiment is as shown in the flowchart of FIG. The difference from the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 of the first embodiment is that steps S103 to S104 shown in FIG. 4 are changed to steps S108 to S109.

  That is, in step S108 shown in FIG. 17, the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculating unit 12 executes identification likelihood calculation after identifying the equivalent history.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 18, the identification likelihood includes σ ₁ , σ ₂ , and σ ₃ as standard deviations as identification likelihoods of the respective state quantities under the equivalent temperature condition and equivalent charge / discharge condition obtained above. When N ₁ , N ₂ , and N ₃ on the equivalent cycle are present as the normal distribution as the normal distribution, that is, the variances around N ₁ , N ₂ , and N ₃ are σ ₁ ² , σ ₂ ² , and σ _3. A normal distribution including all distributions when the normal distribution is set to ² is obtained as the identification likelihood distribution. Let the standard deviation of this identification likelihood distribution be σ _eq .

  Here, the flow of the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation process in the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12 is as shown in the flowchart of FIG. The difference from the flowchart shown in FIG. 10 of the first embodiment is that step S210 shown in FIG. 10 is changed to steps S208 to S209.

That is, as shown in FIG. 19, the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12 starts identification of the number of equivalent cycles and calculation of identification likelihood (step S201), and accepts selection of the charge / discharge rate C _crg (step S201). S202). In the example shown in FIG. 9, 1C charge / discharge is selected.

Subsequently, the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculating unit 12 sets the number of state quantities detected by the state quantity detector 3 to “m” (step S203), and p types of temperature conditions registered in the deterioration characteristic DB 22 receiving selection of one of the temperature of the T _p (step S204).

Next, the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculating unit 12 _{obtains the} number of charge / discharge cycles as the equivalent cycle number N _cyc (T _p , sm) for the m state quantities in the temperature condition T _p selected in step S204, The relative error E _eq (T _p , C _crg ) is obtained (step S205).

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the temperature conditions of 25 ° C., 35 ° C., and 45 ° C. are registered in the deterioration characteristic DB 22, the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12 performs three types of temperature conditions. relative error _{E eq (T p, C crg} ) the calculated (Yes in step S206), P type for the temperature conditions of (three in the example of FIG. 8), the relative error _{E eq (T p, C crg} ) The temperature condition that minimizes is set as the equivalent temperature condition, and the equivalent cycle number N _eq and the equivalent temperature T _p are selected (step S207).

Next, as shown in FIG. 18, the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculating unit 12 calculates the equivalent cycle number N _eq and the equivalent cycle number N _cyc (T _p , sm) of m state quantities under the temperature condition T _p . The identification likelihood is calculated as a probability density from the relative error (step S208), the equivalent cycle number N _eq , the equivalent temperature T _p , and the standard deviation σ _eq as the identification likelihood are specified (step S209), and the equivalent history And identification likelihood calculation are terminated.

Returning to the flow of FIG. 17, the existence probability distribution calculation unit 13 performs the equivalent temperature identified by the equivalent history identification and identification likelihood calculation unit 12 with respect to the equivalent cycle number N _eq obtained in step S108. The number of cycles N _f for a predetermined period is determined from the conditions, the equivalent charge / discharge conditions, and the identification likelihood, and the performance index value at the equivalent cycle number N _p (= N _eq + N _f ) is obtained, and the equivalent cycle number A performance index value at a point where the standard deviation σ _eq that is the identification likelihood is _added to or subtracted from N _p (= N _eq + N _f ) is obtained, and the performance index value corresponding to the standard deviation σ _eq is the number of equivalent cycles N _p. An existence probability distribution that is a point of standard deviation with respect to the performance index value for is obtained (step S109).

  FIG. 20 exemplarily shows a method for estimating the future state of the storage battery 1 from the identification likelihood of the equivalent cycle described above.

  In step S105 and subsequent steps, as in the first embodiment described above, the existence probability distribution and the use limit level are compared to calculate a nonconformity rate.

In step S109, as shown in FIG. 21, in consideration of the variation of the representative performance index, the variation of the deterioration characteristic DB 22 corresponding to the equivalent cycle number corresponding to the equivalent cycle number N _p ± standard deviation σ _eq. An existence probability distribution having the standard deviation point as a broken line point of the standard deviation σ _c of the distribution may be obtained.

Further, as shown in FIG. 22 or FIG. 23, not for the presence probability distribution, worst representative performance index value in a predetermined period of cycle number N _f or a predetermined period number of cycles N _{f +} standard deviation sigma _eq, As the current residual value of the storage battery 1 under the conditions, the residual value may be evaluated by a distance from the use limit level.

  Thus, according to the storage battery residual value grading apparatus and program of the second embodiment, it is possible to evaluate the future residual value and perform the rating of the storage battery 1, and probabilistically provide a margin for the use limit level. By quantifying, the change in the margin can be expressed stochastically for future continuous use of the storage battery 1, and the future residual value can be obtained.

  The program 161 executed by the residual value rating apparatus 201 of the present embodiment is a file in an installable or executable format, such as a CD-ROM, flexible disk (FD), CD-R, DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), etc. And recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.

  Further, the program 161 executed by the residual value rating device 201 of the present embodiment may be provided by being stored on a computer connected to a network such as the Internet and downloaded via the network. Further, the program 161 executed by the residual value rating apparatus 201 of the present embodiment may be provided or distributed via a network such as the Internet.

  The program 161 of this embodiment may be configured to be provided by being incorporated in advance in a ROM or the like.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage battery 12,15 Equivalent log | history identification means 13,16 Probability distribution calculation means, estimation means 14 Residual value calculation means 17 Rating means 30 Rating result display means

Claims (12)

Calculated from the degradation test data measured for each test condition for the storage battery and the state quantity inside the storage battery, and identifies the equivalent history of the storage battery under the test conditions equivalent to the use history of the storage battery so far Equivalent history identification means;
An estimation means for estimating the state of the storage battery after a predetermined period by regarding the identified equivalent history as the current state of the storage battery;
A residual value calculating means for calculating a ratio of the estimated state exceeding a use limit level in accordance with a use application of the storage battery as a nonconformity rate to obtain a residual value of the storage battery;
Rating means for rating the residual value of the storage battery according to the nonconformity rate after the predetermined period;
A residual value rating device for a storage battery. Calculated from the degradation test data measured for each test condition for the storage battery and the state quantity inside the storage battery, and identifies the equivalent history of the storage battery under the test conditions equivalent to the use history of the storage battery so far Equivalent history identification means;
A probability distribution calculating means that regards the identified equivalent history as the current state of the storage battery and calculates the state of the storage battery after a predetermined period as a probability distribution from the deterioration test data;
A residual value calculating means for calculating a residual value of the storage battery by calculating a ratio of the probability distribution exceeding a use limit level in accordance with a use application of the storage battery as a nonconformity rate;
Rating means for rating the residual value of the storage battery according to the nonconformity rate after the predetermined period;
A residual value rating device for a storage battery. The equivalent history identification means calculates an identification likelihood of the process of identifying the equivalent history,
The probability distribution calculating means calculates the probability distribution in consideration of the identification likelihood;
The residual value rating apparatus for a storage battery according to claim 2. A rating result display means for displaying a rating result for the storage battery in the rating means on a display unit;
The residual value rating device for a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The rating means performs rating so that the storage battery does not have a higher rating than the previous rating result when used in the same application.
The residual value rating device for a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The equivalent history identified by the equivalent history identification means is at least one of an equivalent cycle number, an equivalent temperature condition, and an equivalent charge / discharge condition.
The residual value rating apparatus for a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The equivalent history identifying means, when the storage battery is composed of a plurality of storage cells, typifies the equivalent history of the most storage cells among the equivalent history obtained for all the storage cells,
The residual value rating device for a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The residual value calculating means, when the storage battery is composed of a plurality of storage cells, obtains only the nonconformity rate of the storage cells whose equivalent history is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
The residual value rating device for a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6. In the case where the storage battery is composed of a plurality of storage cells, the rating means shows only the lowest rating result among the ratings performed for all the storage cells.
The residual value rating device for a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Computer
Calculated from the degradation test data measured for each test condition for the storage battery and the state quantity inside the storage battery, and identifies the equivalent history of the storage battery under the test conditions equivalent to the use history of the storage battery so far Equivalent history identification means;
An estimation means for estimating the state of the storage battery after a predetermined period by regarding the identified equivalent history as the current state of the storage battery;
A residual value calculating means for calculating a ratio of the estimated state exceeding a use limit level in accordance with a use application of the storage battery as a nonconformity rate to obtain a residual value of the storage battery;
Rating means for rating the residual value of the storage battery according to the nonconformity rate after the predetermined period;
Program to function as. Computer
Calculated from the degradation test data measured for each test condition for the storage battery and the state quantity inside the storage battery, and identifies the equivalent history of the storage battery under the test conditions equivalent to the use history of the storage battery so far Equivalent history identification means;
A probability distribution calculating means that regards the identified equivalent history as the current state of the storage battery and calculates the state of the storage battery after a predetermined period as a probability distribution from the deterioration test data;
A residual value calculating means for calculating a residual value of the storage battery by calculating a ratio of the probability distribution exceeding a use limit level in accordance with a use application of the storage battery as a nonconformity rate;
Rating means for rating the residual value of the storage battery according to the nonconformity rate after the predetermined period;
Program to function as. The equivalent history identification means calculates an identification likelihood of the process of identifying the equivalent history,
The probability distribution calculating means calculates the probability distribution in consideration of the identification likelihood;
The program according to claim 11.

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