JP2014062799A - Estimation method of the number of days required for cleaning treatment of transformer tank contaminated by pcb - Google Patents
Estimation method of the number of days required for cleaning treatment of transformer tank contaminated by pcb Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000874 microwave-assisted extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器が所定の処理基準値を満たすために必要な洗浄処理日数の推定方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器の洗浄処理に必要な日数を、変圧器容器を構成する部材のうち洗浄に最も時間を要する内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度を基準として、該鉄心の残留ＰＣＢ濃度を直接測定することなく洗浄処理日数を推定する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for estimating the number of cleaning treatment days required for a transformer container contaminated with PCB to satisfy a predetermined treatment standard value. More specifically, the number of days required for the cleaning process of the transformer container contaminated with PCB is determined based on the PCB concentration of the inner iron core that takes the most time for cleaning among the members constituting the transformer container. The present invention relates to a method for estimating the number of days of cleaning without directly measuring the PCB concentration.
各種ＰＣＢのなかでも、ポリ塩化ビフェニール（ＰＣＢ）は、人体を含む生体に極めて有害であることから、ＰＣＢを含有する絶縁油の入った変圧器容器等は、ＰＣＢ特別措置法により適正な管理・保管が義務付けられ、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器についても、国や電力会社等により設けられた処理施設において、順次無害化のための洗浄処理が行われている。 Among various PCBs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are extremely harmful to living bodies including human bodies. Therefore, transformer containers containing insulating oil containing PCBs should be properly managed and controlled by the PCB Special Measures Law. For transformer containers that are obligated to be stored and contaminated with PCBs, cleaning treatments for detoxification are sequentially carried out in processing facilities provided by the government or power companies.
処理方法には、マイクロ波抽出法、課電法、加熱循環法、溶剤循環洗浄法などがあり、これらの手法は、いずれも溶媒による抽出と拡散溶出が基本となっているが、洗浄処理日数の推定方法が確立していないため、洗浄液中のＰＣＢ濃度を経時で測定しながら、洗浄処理を行っているのが現状である（例えば、特許文献１、非特許文献１を参照）。 Treatment methods include microwave extraction method, charging method, heating circulation method, solvent circulation cleaning method, etc., and these methods are all based on extraction with solvent and diffusion elution. Since the estimation method is not established, the cleaning process is currently performed while measuring the PCB concentration in the cleaning solution over time (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1).
すなわち、洗浄処理終了後は、変圧器容器を本体と内部部材とに分解した後、本体及び内部の鉄心、絶縁紙、銅線、碍子、木等の部材を材料別に、国が定めた方法に基づいて残存付着しているＰＣＢの濃度を分析し、本体及び各部材が所定の処理基準値（卒業基準値）を満たしているか否かを確認する作業を行っている。 That is, after the cleaning process is completed, the transformer container is disassembled into a main body and internal members, and then the main body and internal iron core, insulating paper, copper wire, insulators, wood, etc. Based on this, the concentration of the PCB that remains adhered is analyzed to check whether or not the main body and each member satisfy a predetermined processing standard value (graduation standard value).
ところが、洗浄処理を多数回行う過程において、低濃度のＰＣＢを含有する絶縁油を充填していた変圧器容器の場合、木や紙あるいは銅などを素材とする部材が所定の処理基準値（木と紙＜０．００３ｍｇ／Ｌ：溶出試験法、銅＜０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ：洗浄液試験法）を満たしていても、鉄心だけが所定の処理基準値（０．１μｇ／１００ｃｍ２：拭き取り試験法）を満たさないことが多く見うけられ、特に内側の鉄心に付着したＰＣＢの溶媒への拡散溶出が遅いことが分かってきた。 However, in the process of performing the cleaning process many times, in the case of a transformer container filled with insulating oil containing low-concentration PCB, a member made of wood, paper, copper, or the like has a predetermined processing standard value (wood And paper <0.003 mg / L: dissolution test method, copper <0.5 mg / kg: cleaning liquid test method), but only the iron core has a predetermined treatment standard value (0.1 μg / 100 cm 2 : wipe test method) In particular, it has been found that the diffusion and dissolution of PCB attached to the inner iron core into the solvent is slow.
所定の処理基準値を満たさない部材については、洗浄処理とＰＣＢ濃度の分析を、処理基準を満たすまで繰り返し行わなければならず、そのため処理コストが増大し、作業回数の増加により作業員のＰＣＢ摂取の危険性も増加する。一方で、ＰＣＢ濃度の分析の頻度を減らし洗浄日数を長くとる場合には、洗浄処理に必要以上の日数を掛けることとなって処理効率の低下を招くばかりでなく、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器などの機器類の保管・管理に無駄なコストや時間を掛けることとなる。 For members that do not satisfy the predetermined processing standard value, the cleaning process and the analysis of the PCB concentration must be repeated until the processing standard is satisfied, which increases processing costs and increases the number of operations. The risk of increases. On the other hand, when the frequency of PCB concentration analysis is reduced and the number of days for cleaning is increased, the cleaning process takes more days than necessary, not only causing a reduction in processing efficiency, but also a transformer contaminated with PCB. Unnecessary cost and time will be spent on storage and management of equipment such as containers.
本発明は、前記の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器が所定の処理基準値を満たすために必要な洗浄処理日数を、簡便に推定する方法を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and provides a method for simply estimating the number of cleaning treatment days necessary for a transformer container contaminated with PCB to satisfy a predetermined treatment standard value. This is the issue.
本発明者らは、前記課題を解決するため鋭意検討した。そして、変圧器容器の部材の中でＰＣＢの溶出が最も遅い内側の鉄心に注目した。物質の溶出拡散自体は、拡散距離（Ｌ）と拡散係数（Ｄ）と処理時間（ｔ）をパラメーターとすることで一義的に決まるので、ＰＣＢの溶出部分である内側の鉄心の代表長さ（Ｌ）と、洗浄前に変圧器容器に充填されていた絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）が分かっていれば、所定の処理基準を満たすために必要な洗浄処理日数が推定できることを見出し、本発明に到達した。 The present inventors diligently studied to solve the above problems. Then, attention was paid to the inner iron core where PCB elution was the slowest among the members of the transformer container. Since the elution diffusion of the substance itself is uniquely determined by using the diffusion distance (L), the diffusion coefficient (D), and the processing time (t) as parameters, the representative length of the inner iron core that is the elution portion of the PCB ( L) and, if the PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil filled in the transformer container before cleaning is known, it can be found that the number of cleaning processing days required to satisfy a predetermined processing standard can be estimated, The present invention has been reached.
すなわち、本発明は、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器内の洗浄処理に必要な日数を、鉄心の残留ＰＣＢ濃度を直接測定することなく推定する方法であって、
以下の（ａ）〜（ｅ）に示す、ステップ１〜ステップ４にしたがって、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の予測線図を作成し、
当該予測線図を用いて、洗浄前の変圧器容器内の絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度の測定値から、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度が所定の処理基準値以下となる洗浄日数を読み取ることを特徴とする、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器の洗浄処理日数の推定方法を提供する。
That is, the present invention is a method for estimating the number of days required for the cleaning process in a transformer container contaminated with PCB without directly measuring the residual PCB concentration of the iron core,
In accordance with Steps 1 to 4 shown in the following (a) to (e), create a prediction diagram of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core,
Using the prediction diagram, the number of cleaning days when the PCB concentration of the inner iron core is equal to or less than a predetermined processing reference value is read from the measured value of the PCB concentration in the insulating oil in the transformer container before cleaning. A method for estimating the number of days for cleaning a PCB-contaminated transformer container is provided.
（ａ）モデル試験により、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）と、所定日数洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）を測定し、該Ｎ０とＮの関係を式（１）で表して、定数ｋを決定するステップ１。
Ｎ＝Ｎ０*ｅｘｐ（−ｋｔ） ・・・（１）
（式（１）中、
Ｎ０ ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／100ｃｍ２）
Ｎ ；ｔ日洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／100ｃｍ２）
ｋ ；定数
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
(A) By the model test, the PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the inner iron core before washing and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after washing for a predetermined number of days are measured, and the relationship between the N 0 and N is expressed by the formula ( Step 1 to determine the constant k, expressed in 1).
N = N 0 * exp (−kt) (1)
(In the formula (1),
N 0 ; PCB concentration measurement value of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
N ; PCB concentration measurement value (μg / 100 cm 2 ) of the inner iron core after washing for t days
k Constant t ; Washing days (days)
（ｂ）洗浄前の変圧器容器に充填されていた絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）、洗浄日数（ｔ）、及び洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）が判明している複数の変圧器容器について、鉄心の代表長さがステップ１のモデル試験で用いた鉄心と同じになるように、式（２）にしたがって洗浄日数を補正するステップ２−１。
ｔＸ＝（Ｌ０ ２／Ｌ２）*ｔ・・・（２）
（式（２）中、
ｔＸ ；補正後の洗浄日数（日）
Ｌ０ ；モデル試験の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
Ｌ ；鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
(B) The initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil filled in the transformer container before cleaning, the cleaning days (t), and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are known. Step 2-1 for correcting the cleaning days according to the formula (2) so that the representative length of the iron core is the same as the iron core used in the model test in Step 1 for a plurality of transformer containers.
t X = (L 0 2 / L 2 ) * t (2)
(In the formula (2),
t X : Cleaning days after correction (days)
L 0 ; representative length of model test core (mm)
L ; Representative length of iron core (mm)
t ; Washing days (days)
（ｃ）ステップ２−１で採用した複数の変圧器容器それぞれについて、補正後の洗浄日数（ｔＸ）と、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）の値を、前記式（１）に代入して、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を算出し、
算出したＮ０Ｘの値と、対応する絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）の値をプロットし、両者の相関を式（３）で表して、定数Ｋ０を決定するステップ２−２。
Ｎ０Ｘ＝Ｋ０Ｃ０・・・（３）
（式（３）中、
Ｎ０Ｘ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（μｇ／１００ｃｍ２）
Ｋ０ ；定数
Ｃ０ ；絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度の測定値（ｍｇ／ｋｇ溶液））
(C) For each of the plurality of transformer containers employed in Step 2-1, the number of days of cleaning after correction (t X ) and the value of the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are expressed by the above formula (1). And calculate an estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning,
Plotting the calculated value of N 0X and the corresponding value of the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil, and expressing the correlation between both in the equation (3), the constant K 0 is determined in step 2-2.
N 0X = K 0 C 0 (3)
(In formula (3),
N 0X ; Estimated value of PCB concentration of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
K 0 ; constant C 0 ; measured value of initial PCB concentration in insulating oil (mg / kg solution))
（ｄ）絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）として複数の水準を任意に設定し、前記式（３）から、それぞれの水準の絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）に対応する洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を算出し、
次いで任意に設定した洗浄日数（ｔ）と洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）の値を、前記式（１）に代入し、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（ＮＸ）を算出するステップ３。
(D) optionally setting a plurality of levels on the initial PCB concentration in insulating oil (C 0), from the equation (3), washed corresponding to the initial PCB concentration of the insulating oil in the respective levels (C 0) Calculate the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the front inner iron core,
Next, the arbitrarily set number of days of cleaning (t) and the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning are substituted into the formula (1), and the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning is calculated. Step 3 of calculating an estimated value (N X ).
（ｅ）横軸を洗浄日数、縦軸を内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度とする片対数グラフに、ステップ３で算出した洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）と洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（ＮＸ）の値をプロットして直線で結び、絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）をパラメーターとする内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の予測線図を作成するステップ４。 (E) A semi-logarithmic graph in which the horizontal axis represents the number of days of cleaning and the vertical axis represents the PCB concentration of the inner iron core, the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before washing calculated in Step 3 and Plotting the estimated value (N x ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core and connecting it with a straight line, create a prediction diagram of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core using the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil as a parameter Step 4 to do.
また、本発明は、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器内の洗浄処理に必要な日数を、鉄心の残留ＰＣＢ濃度を直接測定することなく推定する方法であって、
以下の（ａ）〜（ｃ）及び（ｆ）〜（ｇ）に示す、ステップ１〜２−２及びステップ５〜６にしたがって、洗浄前の変圧器容器内の絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度の測定値から、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度が所定の処理基準値以下となる洗浄日数を求めることを特徴とする、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器の洗浄処理日数の推定方法を提供する。
Further, the present invention is a method for estimating the number of days required for the cleaning process in the transformer container contaminated with PCB without directly measuring the residual PCB concentration of the iron core,
Measurement of PCB concentration in insulating oil in transformer container before cleaning according to steps 1-2-2 and steps 5-6 shown in the following (a) to (c) and (f) to (g) Provided is a method for estimating the number of cleaning days for a transformer container contaminated with PCB, wherein the number of days for cleaning at which the PCB concentration of the inner iron core is equal to or lower than a predetermined processing reference value is obtained from the value.
（ａ）モデル試験により、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）と、所定日数洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）を測定し、該Ｎ０とＮの関係を式（１）で表して、定数ｋを決定するステップ１。
Ｎ＝Ｎ０*ｅｘｐ（−ｋｔ） ・・・（１）
（式（１）中、
Ｎ０ ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／１００ｃｍ２）
Ｎ ；ｔ日洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／１００ｃｍ２）
ｋ ；定数
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
(A) By the model test, the PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the inner iron core before washing and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after washing for a predetermined number of days are measured, and the relationship between the N 0 and N is expressed by the formula ( Step 1 to determine the constant k, expressed in 1).
N = N 0 * exp (−kt) (1)
(In the formula (1),
N 0 ; PCB concentration measurement value of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
N ; PCB concentration measurement value (μg / 100 cm 2 ) of the inner iron core after washing for t days
k Constant t ; Washing days (days)
（ｂ）洗浄前の変圧器容器に充填されていた絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）、洗浄日数（ｔ）及び洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）が判明している複数の変圧器容器について、鉄心の代表長さがステップ１のモデル試験で用いた鉄心と同じになるように、式（２）にしたがって洗浄日数を補正するステップ２−１。
ｔＸ＝（Ｌ０ ２／Ｌ２）*ｔ・・・（２）
（式（２）中、
ｔＸ ；補正後の洗浄日数（日）
Ｌ０ ；モデル試験の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
Ｌ ；鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
(B) The initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil filled in the transformer container before cleaning, the number of cleaning days (t), and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are known. Step 2-1 for correcting the number of cleaning days according to the equation (2) so that the representative length of the iron core is the same as the iron core used in the model test of Step 1 for the transformer container of FIG.
t X = (L 0 2 / L 2 ) * t (2)
(In the formula (2),
t X : Cleaning days after correction (days)
L 0 ; representative length of model test core (mm)
L ; Representative length of iron core (mm)
t ; Washing days (days)
（ｃ）ステップ２−１で採用した複数の変圧器容器それぞれについて、補正後の洗浄日数（ｔＸ）と、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）の値を、前記式（１）に代入して、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を算出し、
算出したＮ０Ｘの値と、対応する絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）の値をプロットし、両者の相関を式（３）で表して、定数Ｋ０を決定するステップ２−２。
Ｎ０Ｘ＝Ｋ０Ｃ０・・・（３）
（式（３）中、
Ｎ０Ｘ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（μｇ／１００ｃｍ２）
Ｋ０ ；定数
Ｃ０ ；絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度の測定値（ｍｇ／ｋｇ溶液））
(C) For each of the plurality of transformer containers employed in Step 2-1, the number of days of cleaning after correction (t X ) and the value of the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are expressed by the above formula (1). And calculate an estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning,
Plotting the calculated value of N 0X and the corresponding value of the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil, and expressing the correlation between both in the equation (3), the constant K 0 is determined in step 2-2.
N 0X = K 0 C 0 (3)
(In formula (3),
N 0X ; Estimated value of PCB concentration of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
K 0 ; constant C 0 ; measured value of initial PCB concentration in insulating oil (mg / kg solution))
（ｆ）処理日数を求める変圧器容器の絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）を、前記式（３）に代入し、該変圧器容器の洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｚ）を算出し、
次いで、算出したＮ０Ｚの値と、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度として鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の処理基準値（ＮＺ）を前記式（１）に代入し、補正後の推定洗浄日数（ｔＺ）を算出するステップ５。
（ｇ）ステップ５で求めた補正後の推定洗浄日数（ｔＺ）を、鉄心の代表長さが、処理日数を求める変圧器容器の鉄心の代表長さ（ＬＺ）の場合の洗浄日数推定値になるように、式（４）にしたがって補正して、推定洗浄日数（ｔ０Ｚ）を求めるステップ６。
ｔ０Ｚ＝（ＬＺ ２／Ｌ０ ２）＊ｔＺ・・・（４）
（式（４）中、
ＬＺ ；処理日数を求める変圧器容器の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
Ｌ０ ；モデル試験の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ））
(F) Substituting the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil of the transformer container for calculating the number of processing days into the formula (3), and an estimated value of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning the transformer container (N 0Z ) is calculated,
Next, the calculated N 0Z value and the processing standard value (N Z ) of the PCB concentration of the iron core as the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning are substituted into the formula (1), and the estimated estimated cleaning days (t Step 5 of calculating Z ).
(G) Estimating the number of cleaning days when the representative length of the iron core is the representative length (L Z ) of the iron core of the transformer container for which the number of treatment days is calculated, using the estimated estimated number of days of cleaning (t Z ) obtained in step 5 Step 6: obtaining the estimated number of days of cleaning (t 0Z ) by correcting according to equation (4) so as to be a value.
t 0Z = (L Z 2 / L 0 2 ) * t Z (4)
(In formula (4),
L Z ; Typical length of the iron core of the transformer container for which the number of processing days is obtained (mm)
L 0 ; representative length of model test core (mm))
本発明によれば、誰でも簡単に洗浄処理日数を推定できるようになるため、処理計画の策定が非常に容易にできるようになる。また、現場で洗浄処理を進める際に、必要な洗浄処理日数を見積っておけば、卒業判定を１回で済ますことが可能になり、大幅なコストダウンを図ることができる。さらに、データが蓄積されれば、将来的には日数管理だけで、卒業判定のための分析が不要となる可能性がある。 According to the present invention, since anyone can easily estimate the number of cleaning treatment days, a treatment plan can be formulated very easily. In addition, when the cleaning process is carried out on site, if the required number of cleaning processes is estimated, the graduation determination can be completed once, and the cost can be greatly reduced. In addition, if data is accumulated, there is a possibility that analysis for graduation determination will be unnecessary in the future only by managing the number of days.
以下、本発明に係るＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器が所定の処理基準値を満たすために必要な洗浄処理日数の推定方法について、好ましい実施形態を挙げ、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, a method for estimating the number of cleaning treatment days required for a transformer container contaminated with PCB according to the present invention to satisfy a predetermined treatment standard value will be described in detail with reference to the drawings by giving preferred embodiments.
図１は本発明に係る洗浄処理日数の推定方法の処理ステップを示したフローチャートである。 FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the processing steps of the method for estimating the number of cleaning treatment days according to the present invention.
［ステップ１］
ステップ１は、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器の部材である内側の鉄心に残留するＰＣＢが、拡散により減少してゆく様子を定量化する式を、該内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度を測定するモデル試験により導き出すステップである。
[Step 1]
Step 1 is a model that measures the PCB concentration of the inner iron core, using an equation that quantifies how the PCB remaining in the inner iron core, which is a member of the transformer container contaminated with PCB, decreases due to diffusion. This is a step derived by testing.
ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器の洗浄によってＰＣＢが溶出する過程は、通常の物質の溶出拡散と同じであると想定すると、物質の溶出拡散を表す以下の基本式（Ａ）にしたがうと考えることができる。
Ｎｔ／Ｎｉ＝（８／π２）＊ｅｘｐ（−（π２／Ｌ２）＊Ｄｔ）・・・（Ａ）
（式（Ａ）中、
Ｎｔ；拡散後の部材内残量濃度、
Ｎｉ；拡散前の部材内残量濃度、
Ｌ ；拡散距離、
Ｄ ；拡散係数、
ｔ ；拡散時間、である。）
Assuming that the process of PCB elution by washing transformer containers contaminated with PCB is the same as the elution diffusion of normal substances, the following basic formula (A) representing the elution diffusion of substances should be considered: Can do.
Nt / Ni = (8 / π 2 ) * exp (− (π 2 / L 2 ) * Dt) (A)
(In the formula (A),
Nt: remaining concentration in the member after diffusion,
Ni: remaining amount concentration in the member before diffusion,
L: diffusion distance,
D: diffusion coefficient,
t: diffusion time. )
基本式（Ａ）において、拡散距離（Ｌ）は拡散する物質が吸着している装置や部材の構造や大きさにより決まるので、構造や大きさが一定の鉄心について測定する場合には定数として取り扱うことができる。また、拡散係数（Ｄ）は用いる溶媒により決まるので、同じ洗浄溶媒を使用すればやはり定数として取り扱うことができる。そしてまた、異なったＬ、異なったＤについても予測が可能である。 In the basic formula (A), the diffusion distance (L) is determined by the structure and size of the device or member to which the diffusing substance is adsorbed. be able to. Further, since the diffusion coefficient (D) is determined by the solvent used, it can be handled as a constant if the same cleaning solvent is used. Also, different L and different D can be predicted.
したがって、内側の鉄心における洗浄前のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）と洗浄後のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）について、前記基本式（Ａ）から、内側の鉄心におけるＰＣＢ濃度の減少カーブを表す以下の式（１）を導くことができる。
Ｎ＝Ｎ０＊ｅｘｐ（−ｋｔ）・・・（１）
（式（１）中、
Ｎ ；ｔ日洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／１００ｃｍ２）
Ｎ０ ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／１００ｃｍ２）
ｋ ；定数
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日）、である。）
Therefore, with respect to the PCB concentration before cleaning (N 0 ) and the PCB concentration after cleaning (N) in the inner iron core, the following equation (1) representing a decrease curve of the PCB concentration in the inner iron core from the basic equation (A): ).
N = N 0 * exp (−kt) (1)
(In the formula (1),
N ; PCB concentration measurement value (μg / 100 cm 2 ) of the inner iron core after washing for t days
N 0 ; PCB concentration measurement value of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
k Constant t Cleaning days (days). )
そこで、ある特定の変圧器容器を用いて、必要な洗浄日数を推定しようとしている変圧器容器の洗浄に使用する溶媒と同じ溶媒を用い、ある特定の日数に渡って洗浄を行うモデル試験を実施し、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）と、ｔ日間洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）を測定する。そして、既知のＮ，Ｎ０，ｔを、前記式（１）に代入することにより、定数ｋを決定することができる。 Therefore, using a specific transformer container, we conducted a model test in which cleaning was performed for a specific number of days using the same solvent as that used to clean the transformer container for which the required number of cleaning days was to be estimated. Then, the PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the inner iron core before washing and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after washing for t days are measured. The constant k can be determined by substituting the known N, N 0 , t into the equation (1).
特定の変圧器の選択に際し特に制限はないが、柱上変圧器、大型変圧器など低濃度ＰＣＢ汚染機器とすることが好ましい。 Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the case of selection of a specific transformer, It is preferable to set it as low concentration PCB contamination equipment, such as a pole top transformer and a large sized transformer.
具体的には、まず、ＰＣＢを低濃度で含有する絶縁油を保存ないし充填していた変圧器容器から、当該絶縁油を常法により抜き出して洗浄前のＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器とし、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）を測定した後、洗浄処理を行い、所定の日数経過後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）を測定する。 Specifically, first, from a transformer container that has been stored or filled with insulating oil containing PCB at a low concentration, the insulating oil is extracted by a conventional method to be a transformer container contaminated with PCB before cleaning, After measuring the PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the inner iron core, a cleaning process is performed, and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after a predetermined number of days has elapsed.
内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の測定は以下のようにして行う。すなわち、内側の鉄心を脱脂綿またはガラスウール（２０ｇ）を用いて１００ｃｍ２の範囲を拭取り、拭取った脱脂綿またはガラスウールを洗浄容器に入れ、溶媒としてノルマルヘキサンを加え、激しく振とう洗浄を実施し、分析試料とする（平成４年厚生省告示第１９２号、改正平成１０年８月第２２２号；別表第２の第１に準拠）。 The PCB concentration of the inner iron core is measured as follows. That is, wiping the range of 100 cm 2 using a cotton wool or glass wool (20 g) the inner core, placed in a cleaning container cotton wool or glass wool was wiped off, the n-hexane was added as a solvent, a cleaning shaking vigorously carried And an analysis sample (Ministry of Health and Welfare Notification No. 192, revised Aug. 1998 No. 222; conforms to the first of Appendix 2).
図２は、モデル試験により前記式（１）の定数ｋを求めた結果を示す図である。図２のモデル試験に用いた変圧器容器の鉄心の代表長さは１６５ｍｍであり、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）は０．６μｇ／１００ｃｍ２であった。イソプロピルアルコールを洗浄溶媒として、４日間洗浄を行ったところ、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）は０．１５μｇ／１００ｃｍ２となり、これらのＮ０およびＮの測定値を用いて、前記式（１）から、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）は、Ｎ＝０．６ｅｘｐ（−０．３３０４ｔ）と表される。すなわち、式（１）における定数ｋは０．３３０４と決定される。
なお、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）および洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）は、それぞれ３箇所程度の測定値を平均した値である。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of obtaining the constant k of the above formula (1) by the model test. The typical length of the iron core of the transformer container used in the model test of FIG. 2 was 165 mm, and the PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the inner iron core before cleaning was 0.6 μg / 100 cm 2 . When washing was performed for 4 days using isopropyl alcohol as a washing solvent, the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after washing was 0.15 μg / 100 cm 2. Using these measured values of N 0 and N, From equation (1), the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after washing is expressed as N = 0.6exp (−0.3304 t). That is, the constant k in Equation (1) is determined to be 0.3304.
The PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the inner iron core before cleaning and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are values obtained by averaging measured values at about three locations, respectively.
[ステップ２]
ステップ２は、必要な洗浄日数を推定したい変圧器容器の鉄心の代表長さが、ステップ１のモデル試験の鉄心の代表長さと異なる場合に、洗浄日数を補正するステップ２−１と、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）と洗浄前の変圧器容器に充填されていた絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）（以下、絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度と称する。）の相関を求めるステップ２−２よりなる。
[Step 2]
Step 2 includes a step 2-1 for correcting the cleaning days when the representative length of the iron core of the transformer container for which the required cleaning days are to be estimated is different from the representative length of the iron core of the model test in Step 1, The correlation between the PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the iron core inside the PCB and the PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil filled in the transformer container before cleaning (hereinafter referred to as the initial PCB concentration in the insulating oil). Step 2-2 is obtained.
ステップ２−１及びステップ２−２では、これまでＰＣＢ処理を実施した変圧器容器の中から、鉄心の代表長さ（Ｌ）、絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）、洗浄日数（ｔ）、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）が判明している変圧器容器のデータを用いる。具体的に用いたデータの例を表１にまとめて示す。 In Step 2-1 and Step 2-2, the representative length (L) of the iron core, the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil, the number of days of cleaning (t ), The data of the transformer container in which the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning is known is used. Examples of specific data used are summarized in Table 1.
ここで、柱上変圧器には、鉄心構造として、鉄心がコイルの内側にある内鉄型と、鉄心がコイルの外側にある外鉄型があり、また、鉄心の形状として、鋼板を巻きながら積層する巻鉄心と鋼板を積み重ねる積鉄心があるが、本発明は、いずれのタイプの鉄心構造や鉄心の形状に対しても適用することができる。 Here, in the pole transformer, there are an inner iron type in which the iron core is inside the coil and an outer iron type in which the iron core is outside the coil as the iron core structure. There are a wound iron core and a laminated iron core in which steel plates are stacked, but the present invention can be applied to any type of iron core structure and iron core shape.
鉄心の形状が巻鉄心であってもあるいは積鉄心であっても、鉄板の中央部に存在するＰＣＢは、鉄板の端部まで到達しないと鉄板から抜け出すことができないため、それに要する時間が処理に必要な日数となる。それ故、拡散溶出のための変圧器容器の内側の鉄心の代表長さ（Ｌ）は、鉄板中央部から端部までの距離によって決まるため、通常はその２倍の値（すなわち、鉄心の幅）とすることで、精度のよい洗浄日数の推定ができる。図５は内鉄型の巻鉄心の内側の鉄心の代表長さ（Ｌ）の説明図であり、図６は内鉄型の積鉄心の内側の鉄心の代表長さ（Ｌ）の説明図である。 Even if the iron core is a wound core or a stacked iron core, the PCB existing in the center of the iron plate cannot be removed from the iron plate unless it reaches the end of the iron plate, so the time required for the processing The required number of days. Therefore, since the typical length (L) of the iron core inside the transformer container for diffusion elution is determined by the distance from the center of the iron plate to the end, it is usually twice that (ie, the width of the iron core). ), It is possible to estimate the number of cleaning days with high accuracy. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the representative length (L) of the inner core of the inner iron type wound core, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the representative length (L) of the inner core of the inner iron core. is there.
ステップ２−１の洗浄日数の補正は以下のようにして行う。すなわち、ステップ１の基本式（Ａ）に示されるように、溶出拡散は拡散距離（Ｌ）の２乗に逆比例することから、ＰＣＢ濃度の測定対象である鉄心の代表長さ（Ｌ）に対しても同様の関係が成り立つと想定される。そこで、鉄心の代表長さ（Ｌ）が、ステップ１のモデル試験での鉄心の代表長さ（Ｌ０）と同じになるように、式（２）にしたがって洗浄日数を補正する。
ｔｘ＝（Ｌ０ ２／Ｌ２）＊ｔ・・・（２）
（式（２）中、
ｔＸ ；補正後の洗浄日数（日）
Ｌ０ ；モデル試験の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
Ｌ ；鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
Correction of the cleaning days in step 2-1 is performed as follows. That is, as shown in the basic formula (A) of Step 1, since the elution diffusion is inversely proportional to the square of the diffusion distance (L), it is set to the representative length (L) of the iron core that is the object of PCB concentration measurement. It is assumed that the same relationship holds for this. Therefore, the cleaning days are corrected according to the equation (2) so that the representative length (L) of the iron core becomes the same as the representative length (L 0 ) of the iron core in the model test in Step 1.
t x = (L 0 2 / L 2 ) * t (2)
(In the formula (2),
t X : Cleaning days after correction (days)
L 0 ; representative length of model test core (mm)
L ; Representative length of iron core (mm)
t ; Washing days (days)
ステップ２−２では、既知の洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）の値と、ステップ２−１で得られた補正後の洗浄日数（ｔＸ）の値を、定数ｋを決定したステップ１の式（１）に代入して、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を算出する。 In Step 2-2, the constant k was determined from the value of the PCB concentration (N) of the inner core after the known cleaning and the value of the number of days of cleaning (t X ) obtained in Step 2-1. Substituting into the equation (1) of Step 1, the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning is calculated.
ステップ１で求めた式（１）の定数ｋ＝０．３３０４を用いて、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を求めた事例を表１に併せて示す。 Table 1 also shows an example in which an estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning is obtained using the constant k = 0.3304 in the equation (1) obtained in Step 1.
次いで、算出した洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）と、既知の絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）の値をプロットし、両者の相関を次の式（３）で表し、定数Ｋ０を決定する。
Ｎ０Ｘ＝Ｋ０Ｃ０・・・（３）
（式（３）中、
Ｎ０Ｘ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（μｇ／１００ｃｍ２）
Ｋ０ ；定数
Ｃ０ ；絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度の測定値（ｍｇ／ｋｇ溶液））
Next, the estimated value (N 0X ) of the calculated PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning and the value of the known initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil are plotted, and the correlation between them is expressed by the following equation (3 ) And a constant K 0 is determined.
N 0X = K 0 C 0 (3)
(In formula (3),
N 0X ; Estimated value of PCB concentration of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
K 0 ; constant C 0 ; measured value of initial PCB concentration in insulating oil (mg / kg solution))
図３は、表１に示す洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）と絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）を用いて、前記式（３）の定数Ｋ０を求めた図であり、定数Ｋ０＝０．０１４７であることを示している。 FIG. 3 shows the constant K 0 of the above equation (3) using the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning shown in Table 1 and the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil. a graph of the obtained, which indicates a constant K 0 = 0.0147.
［ステップ３］
ステップ３は、任意に設定した絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）に対応する洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推定値（ＮＸ）を求めるステップである。
[Step 3]
Step 3 is a step of obtaining an estimated value (N X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning corresponding to the PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil set arbitrarily.
設定した絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）の値から、ステップ２−２で定数Ｋ０を決定した式（３）を用い、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を算出する。次いで、洗浄日数を任意の日数に設定し、算出した洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）の値を用いて、ステップ１で定数ｋを決定した式（１）を用いて、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推定値（ＮＸ）を算出する。 From the set value of the PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil, the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning using the equation (3) in which the constant K 0 was determined in Step 2-2 Is calculated. Next, the number of days of cleaning is set to an arbitrary number of days, and using the calculated value of the estimated PCB concentration (N 0X ) of the inner iron core before cleaning, the equation (1) in which the constant k is determined in step 1 is used. Then, an estimated value (N x ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning is calculated.
絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）を１〜３０ｐｐｍの範囲で複数の値を設定し、さらに洗浄日数を１０日に設定した場合の、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）ならびに洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推定値（ＮＸ）を算出した例を表２に示す。 Estimated value of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning when the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil is set to a plurality of values in the range of 1 to 30 ppm and the cleaning days is set to 10 days ( Table 2 shows an example in which N 0X ) and the estimated PCB concentration (N X ) of the inner iron core after washing were calculated.
［ステップ４］
ステップ４は、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の予測線図を作成するステップである。
[Step 4]
Step 4 is a step of creating a prediction diagram of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core.
横軸を洗浄日数、縦軸を内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度とする片対数グラフに、ステップ３で求めた、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）と洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（ＮＸ）の値をプロットして直線で結び、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の予測線図を作成する。任意に設定した絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）のそれぞれについて予測線図を作成することで、絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）をパラメーターとする内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の予測線図が得られる。 A semi-logarithmic graph with the horizontal axis representing the number of days of cleaning and the vertical axis representing the PCB concentration of the inner iron core, the estimated PCB concentration (N 0X ) of the inner iron core before washing, as determined in step 3, and the inner The estimated value (N x ) of the PCB concentration of the iron core is plotted and connected with a straight line, and a prediction diagram of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core is created. Predicting the PCB concentration of the inner iron core using the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil as a parameter by creating a prediction diagram for each of the initial PCB concentrations (C 0 ) in the insulating oil set arbitrarily. A diagram is obtained.
図４に、表２に示した洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）と洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（ＮＸ）に基づいて作成した予測線図を示す。 FIG. 4 is a prediction diagram created based on the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning and the estimated value (N X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning shown in Table 2. Indicates.
得られた予測線図を用いることで、洗浄に必要な日数を推定したい変圧器容器について、当該変圧器容器中に充填されていた絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度（絶縁油中のＰＣＢ初期濃度（Ｃ０））を測定すれば、変圧器容器中の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度を直接測定することなく、洗浄日数に対応する内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度を予測することができるので、所定の基準値まで減少するのに必要な洗浄日数を予測することが可能となる。 For the transformer container for which the number of days required for cleaning is estimated by using the obtained prediction diagram, the PCB concentration in the insulating oil filled in the transformer container (the initial PCB concentration in the insulating oil (C 0 )), it is possible to predict the PCB concentration of the inner iron core corresponding to the number of days of cleaning without directly measuring the PCB concentration of the inner iron core in the transformer container. It is possible to predict the number of cleaning days required to decrease.
また、本発明では、洗浄に必要な日数を推定したい変圧器容器について、計算により、所定の処理基準値を満たすのに必要な洗浄日数（ｔ）を推定することも可能である。計算で求める場合は、先ず、上記のステップ１、ステップ２−１、ステップ２−２を順に実行した後、次に示すステップ５、さらにステップ６を実行する。 In the present invention, it is also possible to estimate the number of cleaning days (t) required to satisfy a predetermined processing reference value by calculation for a transformer container for which the number of days required for cleaning is to be estimated. When calculating | requiring by calculation, after performing said step 1, step 2-1, and step 2-2 in order, the following step 5 and step 6 are performed first.
［ステップ５］
ステップ２−２において、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）と、対応する絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）との相関を式（３）で表して、定数Ｋ０を決定した後、ステップ５においては、処理日数を求める変圧器容器内の絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）を、前記式（３）に代入して、該変圧器容器の洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｚ）を算出する。
[Step 5]
In step 2-2, the correlation between the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning and the corresponding initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil is expressed by the equation (3), and the constant After determining K 0 , in step 5, the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil in the transformer container for determining the number of processing days is substituted into the equation (3) to clean the transformer container. An estimated value (N 0Z ) of the PCB concentration of the front inner iron core is calculated.
次いで、算出したＮ０Ｘの値と、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度として鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の処理基準値（ＮＺ）を前記式（１）に代入し、ステップ１で予め決定されている定数ｋを用いて、式（１）より補正後の推定洗浄日数（ｔＺ）を算出する。ここで、処理基準値（ＮＺ）は所定の卒業基準値を設定すればよい。 Next, the calculated N 0X value and the processing reference value (N Z ) of the PCB concentration of the iron core as the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning are substituted into the equation (1), and are determined in advance in step 1. Using the constant k, the estimated estimated cleaning days (t Z ) are calculated from equation (1). Here, a predetermined graduation reference value may be set as the processing reference value (N Z ).
［ステップ６］
ステップ６は、ステップ５で求めた補正後の推定洗浄日数（ｔＺ）を、処理日数を求める変圧器容器の内側の鉄心の代表長さの値を用いて補正し、最終的に推定洗浄日数（ｔ０Ｚ）を算出するステップである。
[Step 6]
Step 6 corrects the estimated estimated cleaning days (t Z ) obtained in Step 5 using the value of the representative length of the iron core inside the transformer container for determining the processing days, and finally estimates the estimated cleaning days This is a step of calculating (t 0Z ).
ステップ５で求めた補正後の推定洗浄日数（ｔＺ）は、内側の鉄心の代表長さが、モデル試験で用いた変圧器の内側の鉄心の代表長さの場合の値となっているので、内側の鉄心の代表長さが、処理日数を求める変圧器容器の内側の鉄心の代表長さになるように洗浄日数を補正する。上記ステップ２−１に記載したように、溶出拡散は拡散距離の２乗に逆比例するので、式（４）にしたがって、補正後の推定洗浄日数（ｔＺ）を補正して、推定洗浄日数（ｔＯＺ）を算出することが出来る。算出された推定洗浄日数（ｔＯＺ）から、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度が所定の基準値以下まで減少するのに必要な洗浄日数を推定することが可能となる。
ｔ０Ｚ＝（ＬＺ ２／Ｌ０ ２）＊ｔＺ・・・（４）
（式（４）中、
ＬＺ ；処理日数を求める変圧器容器の実際の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
Ｌ０ ；モデル試験の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ））
The estimated estimated cleaning days (t Z ) obtained in step 5 is the value when the representative length of the inner core is the representative length of the inner core of the transformer used in the model test. The cleaning days are corrected so that the representative length of the inner iron core becomes the representative length of the inner iron core of the transformer container for which the number of processing days is obtained. As described in Step 2-1 above, since the elution diffusion is inversely proportional to the square of the diffusion distance, the estimated number of days of cleaning (t Z ) after correction is corrected according to the equation (4). (T OZ ) can be calculated. From the calculated estimated number of days of cleaning (t OZ ), it is possible to estimate the number of days of cleaning necessary to reduce the PCB concentration of the inner iron core to a predetermined reference value or less.
t 0Z = (L Z 2 / L 0 2 ) * t Z (4)
(In formula (4),
L Z : The representative length of the actual iron core of the transformer container for which the processing days are calculated (mm)
L 0 ; representative length of model test core (mm))
本発明の変圧器容器の洗浄処理日数の推定方法は、変圧器容器内の洗浄に用いる洗浄溶媒や温度が違っていても適用できる。マイクロ波抽出法ではイソプロピルアルコールを使用するが、加熱循環法、課電法では絶縁油、溶剤循環洗浄法では炭化水素系洗浄溶剤を用いる。拡散定数Ｄが分かっていれば、Ｄに関する日数補正を以下のように行えばよい。
ｔｘ´ ＝ Ｄ／Ｄ０ ＊ｔ
ここで、
ｔｘ´ ：補正後の洗浄日数（日）
Ｄ ：循環液の循環温度における拡散定数（ｍ２・ｈ−１）
Ｄ０ ：モデル試験の拡散定数（ｍ２・ｈ−１）
ｔ ：洗浄日数（日）、である。
The method for estimating the number of days for cleaning the transformer container of the present invention can be applied even if the cleaning solvent and temperature used for cleaning the transformer container are different. Isopropyl alcohol is used in the microwave extraction method, but insulating oil is used in the heating circulation method and the electric charging method, and a hydrocarbon-based cleaning solvent is used in the solvent circulation cleaning method. If the diffusion constant D is known, the number of days for D may be corrected as follows.
tx ′ = D / D 0 * t
here,
tx ' : Cleaning days after correction (days)
D : Diffusion constant at circulating temperature of circulating fluid (m 2 · h −1 )
D 0 : diffusion constant of model test (m 2 · h −1 )
t : Number of days for cleaning.
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。ただし、本発明は以下の実施例のみに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited only to the following examples.
（実施例１：予測線図からの処理日数の推定）
ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器について、マイクロ波抽出法によりイソプルピルアルコールを洗浄溶媒として洗浄を行い、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度を測定してＰＣＢが所定の基準以下に減少しているか否かを判定（卒業判定）した結果と、当該変圧器容器について絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）を測定し、図４に示す予測線図を用いて洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推定値（ＮＸ）を求め、卒業判定を行った場合の整合性を検討した。結果を表３に示す。
(Example 1: Estimating the number of processing days from a prediction diagram)
Whether or not the transformer container contaminated with PCB is washed with isopropyl alcohol as a washing solvent by microwave extraction method, and the PCB concentration in the inner iron core is measured to determine whether the PCB is reduced below a predetermined standard And the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil for the transformer container is measured, and the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning is measured using the prediction diagram shown in FIG. Estimated values (N X ) were obtained, and the consistency when graduation judgment was performed was examined. The results are shown in Table 3.
表３より、２０中容１および２０中容２で示した変圧器の場合に、予測線図から求めた洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推定値（ＮＸ）と、実際に鉄心の拭取りにより測定した洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）とが、異なる結果が得られたが、それ以外の変圧器については、良好な一致を示している。また、予測線図から求めた洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推定値（ＮＸ）が、実際に測定した洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）と一致しなかった２０中容１および２０中容２の変圧器の場合でも、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度が所定の基準値以下であるかを判定する卒業判定での合否に対しては齟齬を来たしておらず、判定の整合性については問題のないことがわかる。 From Table 3, in the case of the transformer shown in 20 contents 1 and 20 contents 2, the estimated PCB concentration (N X ) of the inner iron core after cleaning obtained from the prediction diagram, Although the PCB core concentration (N) of the inner iron core after washing measured by wiping was different, a good result was obtained for the other transformers. In addition, the estimated value (N X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning obtained from the prediction diagram did not coincide with the actually measured PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning. Even in the case of transformers 1 and 20 2 in contention, there is no hesitation regarding the success or failure in graduation judgment that determines whether the PCB concentration of the inner iron core is below a predetermined reference value, and consistency of judgment It turns out that there is no problem with sex.
（実施例２：計算による処理日数の推定）
ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器について、マイクロ波抽出法によりイソプルピルアルコールを洗浄溶媒として洗浄を行い、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度を測定してＰＣＢが所定の基準以下に減少しているか否かを判定（卒業判定）した結果と、計算による洗浄処理日数との相関を検討した。
検証する例として、絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）と、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の測定値（Ｎ）が判明している幾つかの変圧器容器を選択した。なお、Ｋ０＝０．０１４７、ｋ＝０．３３０４とし、鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の処理基準値（ＮＺ）として、ＮＺ＝０．１μｇ／１００ｃｍ２ とＮＺ＝０．０５μｇ／１００ｃｍ２ の場合の２例について検討した。
結果を表４に示す。
(Example 2: Estimation of processing days by calculation)
Whether or not the transformer container contaminated with PCB is washed with isopropyl alcohol as a washing solvent by microwave extraction method, and the PCB concentration in the inner iron core is measured to determine whether the PCB is reduced below a predetermined standard We examined the correlation between the result of determining (gradation determination) and the number of days of cleaning treatment by calculation.
As an example to be verified, several transformer containers were selected in which the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil and the measured value (N) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning were known. It should be noted that K 0 = 0.0147, k = 0.3304, and the processing standard values (N Z ) of the PCB core concentration are N Z = 0.1 μg / 100 cm 2 and N Z = 0.05 μg / 100 cm 2 . Two cases were examined.
The results are shown in Table 4.
３０中容２で示した変圧器は、２日の洗浄日数では、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度が処理基準値に達しなかった例であり、当該変圧器の場合に必要な推定洗浄日数（ｔ０Ｚ）は、表−４より、処理基準値（ＮＺ）が０．１μｇ／１００ｃｍ２では３．２４日以上、０．０５μｇ／１００ｃｍ２では５．３５日以上であることがわかる。一方、３０高容２で示す変圧器は、必要以上の日数にわたって洗浄を実施した例であり、当該変圧器の場合に必要な推定洗浄日数（ｔ０Ｚ）は、処理基準値（ＮＺ）が０．１μｇ／１００ｃｍ２では４．５５日、０．０５μｇ／１００ｃｍ２では６．６９日であり、したがって、処理基準値が０．１μｇ／１００ｃｍ２の場合には５日、０．０５μｇ／１００ｃｍ２の場合でも７日洗浄すれば十分であったことがわかる。 The transformer indicated by 2 in 30 is an example in which the PCB concentration of the inner iron core did not reach the processing standard value in the two days of cleaning, and the estimated number of days of cleaning (t 0Z required for the transformer) ) Shows that the treatment reference value (N Z ) is 3.24 days or more when the treatment reference value (N Z ) is 0.1 μg / 100 cm 2 and 5.35 days or more when 0.05 μg / 100 cm 2 . On the other hand, the transformer indicated by 30 high volume 2 is an example in which cleaning was performed for more than necessary days, and the estimated cleaning days (t 0Z ) required for the transformer is the processing reference value (N Z ). It is 4.55 days at 0.1 μg / 100 cm 2 and 6.69 days at 0.05 μg / 100 cm 2 , and therefore, 0.05 μg / 100 cm for 5 days when the treatment standard value is 0.1 μg / 100 cm 2. Even in the case of 2 , it can be seen that it was sufficient to wash for 7 days.
本発明に係る推定方法は、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器の洗浄処理において、洗浄前の変圧器容器の絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度を測定することで洗浄処理に必要な日数を推定することができるので、鉄心の拭取り試験によってＰＣＢ濃度を測定する作業を繰り返す必要がなくなり、実用的価値が極めて大である。 The estimation method according to the present invention can estimate the number of days required for the cleaning process by measuring the PCB concentration in the insulating oil of the transformer container before cleaning in the cleaning process of the transformer container contaminated with PCB. Therefore, it is not necessary to repeat the work of measuring the PCB concentration by the iron core wiping test, and the practical value is extremely large.
１ 矩形鉄心
２ コイル
３ 三相積鉄心
1 Rectangular iron core 2 Coil 3 Three-phase product iron core
Claims (2)
以下の（ａ）〜（ｅ）に示す、ステップ１〜ステップ４にしたがって、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の予測線図を作成し、
当該予測線図を用いて、洗浄前の変圧器容器内の絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度の測定値から、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度が所定の処理基準値以下となる洗浄日数を読み取ることを特徴とする、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器の洗浄処理日数の推定方法。
（ａ）モデル試験により、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）と、所定日数洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）を測定し、該Ｎ０とＮの関係を式（１）で表して、定数ｋを決定するステップ１。
Ｎ＝Ｎ０*ｅｘｐ（−ｋｔ） ・・・（１）
（式（１）中、
Ｎ０ ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／100ｃｍ２）
Ｎ ；ｔ日洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／100ｃｍ２）
ｋ ；定数
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
（ｂ）洗浄前の変圧器容器に充填されていた絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）、洗浄日数（ｔ）、及び洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）が判明している複数の変圧器容器について、鉄心の代表長さがステップ１のモデル試験で用いた鉄心と同じになるように、式（２）にしたがって洗浄日数を補正するステップ２−１。
ｔＸ＝（Ｌ０ ２／Ｌ２）*ｔ・・・（２）
（式（２）中、
ｔＸ ；補正後の洗浄日数（日）
Ｌ０ ；モデル試験の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
Ｌ ；鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
（ｃ）ステップ２−１で採用した複数の変圧器容器それぞれについて、補正後の洗浄日数（ｔＸ）と、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）の値を、前記式（１）に代入して、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を算出し、
算出したＮ０Ｘの値と、対応する絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）の値をプロットし、両者の相関を式（３）で表して、定数Ｋ０を決定するステップ２−２。
Ｎ０Ｘ＝Ｋ０Ｃ０・・・（３）
（式（３）中、
Ｎ０Ｘ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（μｇ／100ｃｍ２）
Ｋ０ ；定数
Ｃ０ ；絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度の測定値（ｍｇ／ｋｇ溶液））
（ｄ）絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）として複数の水準を任意に設定し、前記式（３）から、それぞれの水準の絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）に対応する洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を算出し、
次いで任意に設定した洗浄日数（ｔ）と洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）の値を、前記式（１）に代入し、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（ＮＸ）を算出するステップ３。
（ｅ）横軸を洗浄日数、縦軸を内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度とする片対数グラフに、ステップ３で算出した洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）と洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（ＮＸ）の値をプロットして直線で結び、絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）をパラメーターとする内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の予測線図を作成するステップ４。 A method for estimating the number of days required for a cleaning process in a transformer container contaminated with PCB without directly measuring the residual PCB concentration of the iron core,
In accordance with Steps 1 to 4 shown in the following (a) to (e), create a prediction diagram of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core,
Using the prediction diagram, the number of cleaning days when the PCB concentration of the inner iron core is equal to or less than a predetermined processing reference value is read from the measured value of the PCB concentration in the insulating oil in the transformer container before cleaning. A method for estimating the number of days for cleaning a transformer container contaminated with PCB.
(A) By the model test, the PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the inner iron core before washing and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after washing for a predetermined number of days are measured, and the relationship between the N 0 and N is expressed by the formula ( Step 1 to determine the constant k, expressed in 1).
N = N 0 * exp (−kt) (1)
(In the formula (1),
N 0 ; PCB concentration measurement value of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
N ; PCB concentration measurement value (μg / 100 cm 2 ) of the inner iron core after washing for t days
k Constant t ; Washing days (days)
(B) The initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil filled in the transformer container before cleaning, the cleaning days (t), and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are known. Step 2-1 for correcting the cleaning days according to the formula (2) so that the representative length of the iron core is the same as the iron core used in the model test in Step 1 for a plurality of transformer containers.
t X = (L 0 2 / L 2 ) * t (2)
(In the formula (2),
t X : Cleaning days after correction (days)
L 0 ; representative length of model test core (mm)
L ; Representative length of iron core (mm)
t ; Washing days (days)
(C) For each of the plurality of transformer containers employed in Step 2-1, the number of days of cleaning after correction (t X ) and the value of the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are expressed by the above formula (1). And calculate an estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning,
Plotting the calculated value of N 0X and the corresponding value of the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil, and expressing the correlation between both in the equation (3), the constant K 0 is determined in step 2-2.
N 0X = K 0 C 0 (3)
(In formula (3),
N 0X ; Estimated value of PCB concentration of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
K 0 ; constant C 0 ; measured value of initial PCB concentration in insulating oil (mg / kg solution))
(D) optionally setting a plurality of levels on the initial PCB concentration in insulating oil (C 0), from the equation (3), washed corresponding to the initial PCB concentration of the insulating oil in the respective levels (C 0) Calculate the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the front inner iron core,
Next, the arbitrarily set number of days of cleaning (t) and the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning are substituted into the formula (1), and the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning is calculated. Step 3 of calculating an estimated value (N X ).
(E) A semi-logarithmic graph in which the horizontal axis represents the number of days of cleaning and the vertical axis represents the PCB concentration of the inner iron core, the estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before washing calculated in Step 3 and Plotting the estimated value (N x ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core and connecting it with a straight line, create a prediction diagram of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core using the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil as a parameter Step 4 to do.
以下の（ａ）〜（ｃ）及び（ｆ）〜（ｇ）に示す、ステップ１〜２−２及びステップ５〜６にしたがって、洗浄前の変圧器容器内の絶縁油中のＰＣＢ濃度の測定値から、内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度が所定の処理基準値以下となる洗浄日数を求めることを特徴とする、ＰＣＢで汚染された変圧器容器の洗浄処理日数の推定方法。
（ａ）モデル試験により、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ０）と、所定日数洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）を測定し、該Ｎ０とＮの関係を式（１）で表して、定数ｋを決定するステップ１。
Ｎ＝Ｎ０*ｅｘｐ（−ｋｔ） ・・・（１）
（式（１）中、
Ｎ０ ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／100ｃｍ２）
Ｎ ；ｔ日洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度測定値（μｇ／100ｃｍ２）
ｋ ；定数
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
（ｂ）洗浄前の変圧器容器に充填されていた絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）、洗浄日数（ｔ）、及び洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）が判明している複数の変圧器容器について、鉄心の代表長さがステップ１のモデル試験で用いた鉄心と同じになるように、式（２）にしたがって洗浄日数を補正するステップ２−１。
ｔＸ＝（Ｌ０ ２／Ｌ２）*ｔ・・・（２）
（式（２）中、
ｔＸ ；補正後の洗浄日数（日）
Ｌ０ ；モデル試験の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
Ｌ ；鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
ｔ ；洗浄日数（日））
（ｃ）ステップ２−１で採用した複数の変圧器容器それぞれについて、補正後の洗浄日数（ｔＸ）と、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度（Ｎ）の値を、前記式（１）に代入して、洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｘ）を算出し、
算出したＮ０Ｘの値と、対応する絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）の値をプロットし、両者の相関を式（３）で表して、定数Ｋ０を決定するステップ２−２。
Ｎ０Ｘ＝Ｋ０Ｃ０・・・（３）
（式（３）中、
Ｎ０Ｘ；洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（μｇ／100ｃｍ２）
Ｋ０ ；定数
Ｃ０ ；絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度の測定値（ｍｇ／ｋｇ溶液））
（ｆ）処理日数を求める変圧器容器の絶縁油中の初期ＰＣＢ濃度（Ｃ０）を、前記式（３）に代入し、該変圧器容器の洗浄前の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の推測値（Ｎ０Ｚ）を算出し、
次いで、算出したＮ０Ｚの値と、洗浄後の内側の鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度として鉄心のＰＣＢ濃度の処理基準値（ＮＺ）を前記式（１）に代入し、補正後の推定洗浄日数（ｔＺ）を算出するステップ５。
（ｇ）ステップ５で求めた補正後の推定洗浄日数（ｔＺ）を、鉄心の代表長さが、処理日数を求める変圧器容器の鉄心の代表長さ（ＬＺ）の場合の洗浄日数推定値になるように、式（４）にしたがって補正して、推定洗浄日数（ｔ０Ｚ）を求めるステップ６。
ｔ０Ｚ＝（ＬＺ ２／Ｌ０ ２）＊ｔＺ・・・（４）
（式（４）中、
ＬＺ ；処理日数を求める変圧器容器の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）
Ｌ０ ；モデル試験の鉄心の代表長さ（ｍｍ）） A method for estimating the number of days required for a cleaning process in a transformer container contaminated with PCB without directly measuring the residual PCB concentration of the iron core,
Measurement of PCB concentration in insulating oil in transformer container before cleaning according to steps 1-2-2 and steps 5-6 shown in the following (a) to (c) and (f) to (g) A method for estimating the number of cleaning days for a transformer container contaminated with PCB, wherein the number of days for cleaning the PCB concentration of the inner iron core to be equal to or less than a predetermined processing reference value is obtained from the value.
(A) By the model test, the PCB concentration (N 0 ) of the inner iron core before washing and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after washing for a predetermined number of days are measured, and the relationship between the N 0 and N is expressed by the formula ( Step 1 to determine the constant k, expressed in 1).
N = N 0 * exp (−kt) (1)
(In the formula (1),
N 0 ; PCB concentration measurement value of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
N ; PCB concentration measurement value (μg / 100 cm 2 ) of the inner iron core after washing for t days
k Constant t ; Washing days (days)
(B) The initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil filled in the transformer container before cleaning, the cleaning days (t), and the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are known. Step 2-1 for correcting the cleaning days according to the formula (2) so that the representative length of the iron core is the same as the iron core used in the model test in Step 1 for a plurality of transformer containers.
t X = (L 0 2 / L 2 ) * t (2)
(In the formula (2),
t X : Cleaning days after correction (days)
L 0 ; representative length of model test core (mm)
L ; Representative length of iron core (mm)
t ; Washing days (days)
(C) For each of the plurality of transformer containers employed in Step 2-1, the number of days of cleaning after correction (t X ) and the value of the PCB concentration (N) of the inner iron core after cleaning are expressed by the above formula (1). And calculate an estimated value (N 0X ) of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning,
Plotting the calculated value of N 0X and the corresponding value of the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil, and expressing the correlation between both in the equation (3), the constant K 0 is determined in step 2-2.
N 0X = K 0 C 0 (3)
(In formula (3),
N 0X ; Estimated value of PCB concentration of inner iron core before washing (μg / 100 cm 2 )
K 0 ; constant C 0 ; measured value of initial PCB concentration in insulating oil (mg / kg solution))
(F) Substituting the initial PCB concentration (C 0 ) in the insulating oil of the transformer container for calculating the number of processing days into the formula (3), and an estimated value of the PCB concentration of the inner iron core before cleaning the transformer container (N 0Z ) is calculated,
Next, the calculated N 0Z value and the processing standard value (N Z ) of the PCB concentration of the iron core as the PCB concentration of the inner iron core after cleaning are substituted into the formula (1), and the estimated estimated cleaning days (t Step 5 of calculating Z ).
(G) Estimating the number of cleaning days when the representative length of the iron core is the representative length (L Z ) of the iron core of the transformer container for which the number of treatment days is calculated, using the estimated estimated number of days of cleaning (t Z ) obtained in step 5 Step 6: obtaining the estimated number of days of cleaning (t 0Z ) by correcting according to equation (4) so as to be a value.
t 0Z = (L Z 2 / L 0 2 ) * t Z (4)
(In formula (4),
L Z ; Typical length of the iron core of the transformer container for which the number of processing days is obtained (mm)
L 0 ; representative length of model test core (mm))
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| JP2006116509A (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2006-05-11 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for estimating progress of purification at contaminated region beforehand, method for determining optimum place to arrange water pumping and water pouring wells, and method for estimating period required to purify contaminated region |
| JP2006142278A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-06-08 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Method for detoxifying instrument containing organic halogen compound |
| JP2008194660A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2008-08-28 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Method for detoxifying instrument containing built-in organic halogen compound |
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| JP2006116509A (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2006-05-11 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for estimating progress of purification at contaminated region beforehand, method for determining optimum place to arrange water pumping and water pouring wells, and method for estimating period required to purify contaminated region |
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