JP2014061542A - Joint method of metallic material and joint device of metallic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joint method and a joint device of a metallic material, for expanding a range of a joint condition capable of providing an excellent joint part, without causing an unjointed part like misjoining in a joint part.SOLUTION: An agitation shaft 16 is inserted into a joint part 3 of metallic materials 1 and 2, and a reverse side tool 14 on the tip of the agitation shaft 16 is allowed to abut on a reverse surface, and a surface side plate 12a is allowed to abut on a surface, and the metallic materials 1 and 2 are sandwiched between the reverse side tool 14 and the surface side plate 12a, and the mutual metallic materials 1 and 2 are joined by moving along the joint part 3 while rotating the reverse side tool 14 and the agitation shaft 16. Thus, the unjointed part such as the misjoining is not caused in the metallic materials 1 and 2. The agitation shaft 16 is inclined so that a surface for abutting on the metallic materials 1 and 2 of the reverse side tool 14, inclines to the side in the movement direction of the reverse side tool 14. Thus, a joinable condition is expanded, and joint failure can be prevented.

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal material joining method and a metal material joining device, and more particularly to a metal material joining method and a metal material joining device for joining metal materials by friction stir welding.

  As a method for joining metal materials, a technique for joining metal materials by friction stir welding (FSW = Friction Stir Welding) is known. In friction stir welding, the metal materials to be joined are made to face each other at the joint, a probe provided at the tip of the rotary tool is inserted into the joint, and the rotary tool is rotated and moved along the longitudinal direction of the joint. Then, the two metal materials are joined by causing the metal material to plastically flow by frictional heat.

  However, in general friction stir welding, the probe of the rotary tool is inserted into the joint from only the front surface side of the metal material facing, so the Kissing bond that is the unjoined part of the metal material on the back side of the metal material There is a disadvantage that occurs.

  In order to improve this defect, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a method of performing friction stir welding from both the front and back sides of a metal material using a rotary tool called a bobbin tool has been proposed. . In the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a pair of shoulder portions 6a and 6b are provided that are spaced apart so as to sandwich the metal plates 1 and 2 to be joined from the front surface side and the back surface side. Between the pair of upper and lower shoulder portions 6a and 6b, a probe 5 for connecting the shoulder portions 6a and 6b to each other is provided and inserted between the metal plates 1 and 2. When the shoulder portions 6a and 6b and the probe 5 are rotated, heat can be generated by friction on both surfaces of the joint portion, and it is difficult to cause poor bonding on the back surface side.

JP 2003-181654 A

  However, the technique using the bobbin tool as described in Patent Document 1 has a defect that marks due to frictional stirring remain on both surfaces of the metal plate after joining.

  Furthermore, in friction stir welding in which the probe of the rotary tool is inserted into the joint only from the surface side of the metal material, the rotary tool is placed on the surface of the metal material so that the tip of the probe of the rotary tool is inclined toward the moving direction of the rotary tool. By inclining with respect to the normal, good bonding is obtained. However, in the technique using the bobbin tool as described in Patent Document 1, a pair of upper and lower shoulder portions connected by a probe are rotated. In this state, if the upper and lower shoulder portions are inclined toward the moving direction of the rotary tool, the other shoulder portion is inclined toward the opposite direction to the moving direction of the rotating tool. For this reason, the bobbin tool cannot be inclined in any direction with respect to the metal material, and the bobbin tool needs to be perpendicular to the normal of the surface of the metal material. Therefore, friction stir welding using a bobbin tool has a drawback that the range of joining conditions for obtaining a good joint is narrow.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has expanded the range of bonding conditions that can provide a good bonded portion without causing an unbonded portion such as a kissing bond at the bonded portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a material joining method and a metal material joining apparatus.

  The present invention includes a stirrer shaft inserting step of inserting a stirrer shaft extending from one surface of each metal material around the joint to the other surface into the joint where the end surfaces of the pair of metal materials are butted together, and the joint A rotating member abutting step in which the rotating member at the tip of the stirring shaft abuts on the other surface of each of the peripheral metal materials, and a fixing member abutting in which the fixing member abuts on one surface of each of the metal materials in the vicinity of the joint And a sandwiching step of sandwiching each of the metal materials around the joint between the rotating member brought into contact with the metal material in the rotating member contacting step and the fixing member brought into contact with the metal material in the fixing member contacting step A joining step of joining the metal materials by moving the rotating member and the stirring shaft along the joint while rotating, and in the joining step, the stirring shaft has a surface that contacts the other surface of the rotating member. Tilt toward the moving direction of the rotating member and stirring shaft As a method of bonding a metal member to be tilted with respect to the normal to the other face.

  According to this configuration, from the one surface of each metal material around the joint portion to the other surface, the joint portion where the end faces of the pair of metal materials are abutted with each other, as in the friction stir welding with a conventional bobbin tool. A stirring shaft inserting step of inserting the extending stirring shaft, and a rotating member abutting step of bringing the rotating member at the tip of the agitating shaft into contact with the other surface of each of the metal materials around the joint. However, in the fixing member abutting step, the fixing member is brought into contact with one surface of each metal material around the joint portion, and in the clamping step, each metal material around the joint portion is sandwiched between the rotating member and the fixing member. In the joining step, the metal members are joined together by moving along the joining portion while rotating the rotating member and the stirring shaft. For this reason, unjoined parts such as kissing bonds do not occur on both surfaces of the metal material around the joined part. In addition, since the rotating member is not brought into contact with both surfaces of the metal material around the joint portion as in the conventional bobbin tool, it may not cause a mark after friction stir welding on one surface of each metal material around the joint portion. It becomes possible.

  Further, according to this configuration, in the joining step, the stirring shaft is in relation to the normal of the other surface so that the surface that contacts the other surface of the rotating member is inclined toward the moving direction of the rotating member and the stirring shaft. Can be tilted. For this reason, the range of joining conditions that can provide a good joint can be obtained with respect to the friction stir welding by the conventional bobbin tool that does not provide such an inclination angle of the stirring shaft and the joining possible conditions are limited. It can be enlarged.

  In this case, in the fixing member abutting step, a fixing member having a convex portion protruding toward the rotating member around the stirring shaft is brought into contact with one surface of each metal material around the joining portion. In addition, it is preferable to move the fixing member along the joint portion in accordance with the movement of the stirring shaft.

  According to this configuration, the fixed member has the protruding portion protruding toward the rotating member at the center of the friction stir welding around the stirring shaft and the rotating member, and moves corresponding to the movement of the rotating member and the stirring shaft. For this reason, the amount of strain and plastic working of the metal material are increased, and the structure of the metal material is further refined, so that the bonding strength can be improved.

  Alternatively, in the fixing member abutting step, a fixing member having a recess recessed on the opposite side to the rotating member around the stirring shaft is brought into contact with one surface of each metal material around the joining portion. It is preferable to move the fixing member along the joint portion in accordance with the movement of the member and the stirring shaft.

  In a metal material having an HCP structure (hexagonal close-packed structure) such as a magnesium alloy or a titanium alloy, if the orientation of the metal material is given orientation by stirring of friction stir welding, the strength of the joint may be reduced. . However, according to this configuration, the fixed member has a recess recessed on the opposite side to the rotating member at the center of the friction stir welding around the stirring shaft and the rotating member, and supports the movement of the rotating member and the stirring shaft. Therefore, the flow of stirring around the joint can be complicated to prevent orientation of the metal material structure, and the strength of the joint can be improved.

  Alternatively, in the fixing member abutting step, the fixing member divided along the joining portion is brought into contact so that the stirring shaft can move along the joining portion, and in the joining step, the fixing member is fixed to the metal material. It is preferable to join the metal materials by moving the rotating member and the stirring shaft along the joining portion while rotating the rotating member and the stirring shaft.

  According to this configuration, in the fixing member abutting step, the fixing member divided along the joining portion is brought into contact so that the agitation shaft can move along the joining portion. In a state where the metal members are fixed to each other, the metal members are joined together by rotating the rotating member and the stirring shaft along the joining portion while rotating. For this reason, a metal material can be joined by the simple method which does not move a fixing member with respect to a metal material.

  Further, in the fixing member abutting step, it is preferable that the fixing member having a shape along the shape of one surface of each metal material around the joint is brought into contact with one surface of each metal material around the joint. is there.

  According to this configuration, the fixing member having a shape along the shape of one surface of each of the metal materials around the joint portion is brought into contact with one surface of each of the metal materials around the joint portion. Even if the surface is not a flat surface, bonding can be performed and the degree of freedom of bonding can be improved.

  Further, in the joining process, the metal materials are joined to each other while controlling the position of the fixing member with respect to each of the metal materials around the joint portion and the position, load, and rotation torque of the rotating member with respect to each of the metal materials around the joint portion. It is preferable to do.

  According to this configuration, the fixed member performs position control on each metal material, and the rotating member performs any of position control, load control, and torque control. For this reason, mainly by the work from one side of each metal material, the same welding as the friction stir welding in which the rotary tool is contacted from the front side of the conventional metal material and the backing plate is contacted from the back side is performed. It can be carried out.

  The present invention also includes a stirring shaft that is inserted into a joint where the end faces of a pair of metal materials are butted together and extends from one surface of each metal material around the joint to the other surface, and a metal around the joint A rotating member at the tip of the stirring shaft that is in contact with the other surface of each material, and a fixing member that is in contact with one surface of each of the metal materials around the joint, and the rotating member and the fixing member are rotated. The metal material around the joint is sandwiched between the member and the fixed member, and the metal member is joined by moving along the joint while the rotating member and the stirring shaft rotate. The metal material joining device is inclined with respect to the normal of the other surface so that the surface in contact with the other surface is inclined toward the moving direction of the rotating member and the stirring shaft.

  In this case, it is preferable that the fixing member has a convex portion protruding toward the rotating member around the stirring shaft, and moves along the joint portion corresponding to the movement of the rotating member and the stirring shaft.

  Alternatively, it is preferable that the fixing member has a recessed portion that is recessed around the stirring shaft on the side opposite to the rotating member, and moves along the joint portion corresponding to the movement of the rotating member and the stirring shaft.

  Alternatively, the fixing member is divided along the joint so that the stirring shaft can move along the joint, and the rotating member and the stirring shaft remain in a state where the fixing member is fixed to the metal material. Thus, it is preferable to join the metal materials by moving along the joint while rotating.

  Moreover, it is suitable for a fixing member to have the shape along the shape of one surface of each metal material of a junction part periphery.

  Further, when the metal members are joined to each other, the fixing member is controlled in the position of the fixing member with respect to each of the metal materials around the joint portion, and the rotating member is positioned with respect to each of the metal materials around the joint portion, the load, It is preferred that any of the rotational torques is controlled.

  According to the metal material joining method and the metal material joining apparatus of the present invention, the range of joining conditions capable of obtaining a good joined portion without causing an unjoined portion such as a kissing bond in the joined portion. It can be enlarged.

It is a perspective view which shows the joining method of the metal material which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing by the cross section along the longitudinal direction of the junction part which shows the joining method of the metal material which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing by the cross section along the longitudinal direction of the junction part which shows the joining method of the metal material which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing by the cross section along the longitudinal direction of the junction part which shows the joining method of the metal material which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing by the cross section perpendicular | vertical to the longitudinal direction of the junction part which shows the joining method of the metal material which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the joining method of the metal material which concerns on 5th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a metal material joining method and a metal material joining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. A joining apparatus 10a according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a metal material in a joint portion 3 extending in the X direction in the drawing in which the end faces of the metal materials 1 and 2 that are a pair of plate materials face each other. For joining 1 and 2 by friction stir welding.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the joining device 10 a according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a front plate 12 a, a back tool 14, a stirring shaft 16, and a control unit 20. The front side plate 12a is a quadrangular plate material having smooth flat surfaces that are brought into contact with the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint portion 3, respectively. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the positive side surface of the metal materials 1 and 2 in the figure is the front surface, and the negative side surface of the metal materials 1 and 2 in the drawing is the back surface. . It is preferable that the front side plate 12a has sufficient compressive strength that can withstand a load of 500 to 5000 kg at a high temperature during bonding. As a material of the front side plate 12a, for example, an alloy mainly composed of metal, ceramics, or the like can be applied.

  The front side plate 12a is provided with a through hole portion 16h having a through hole through which the stirring shaft 16 is passed. As will be described later, in this embodiment, the stirring shaft 16 is inclined at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the normal line V of the back surface of each of the metal materials 1 and 2, so that the through hole of the through hole portion 12 h of the front plate 12 a The central axis is inclined in accordance with the inclination angle of the stirring shaft 16. As shown in FIG. 2, the front plate 12 a is provided with a chamfered portion 12 m on the periphery of the surface in contact with the metal materials 1 and 2 so that the front plate 12 a can easily slide on the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2. In the present embodiment, the front plate 12a has a quadrangular shape, but a front plate 12a having a disk shape, an elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape can be applied depending on the situation.

The back side tool 14 is a disk-shaped or cylindrical member attached to the tip of the stirring shaft 16. In the back side tool 14, the surface on the stirring shaft 16 side of the back side tool 14 is brought into contact with the back surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2. The back tool 14 is attached to the tip of the stirring shaft 16 so that the normals of the surfaces abutting against the metal materials 1 and 2 are parallel to the central axis A of the stirring shaft 16. The material of the back tool 14 is made of, for example, tool steel such as SKD61 steel compliant with Japanese Industrial Standards, cemented carbide containing tungsten carbide (WC) as a main component, or ceramic such as Si ₃ N _4. Can be.

The agitation shaft 16 is a cylindrical member that has a back tool 14 at the tip and extends from the front surface side to the back surface side of the metal materials 1 and 2 through the through-hole portion 12h of the front plate 12a. The material of the stirring shaft 16 is the same as that of the back tool 14, for example, tool steel such as SKD61 steel standardized by Japanese Industrial Standards, cemented carbide having tungsten carbide (WC) as a main component, or Si _3. it can be made of ceramics N ₄ or the like.

  In the present embodiment, the center axis A of the stirring shaft 16 is such that the surface of the back side tool 14 that contacts the back surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3 is the moving direction of the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 (in FIG. 2). Are inclined so as to form a predetermined angle θ with respect to the normal V of the back surface of each of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint portion 3 so as to incline toward the arrow direction or the plus direction of the X axis. . The predetermined angle θ can be, for example, θ = 0.1 ° to 5 °, and in particular, θ = 3 °.

A thread groove 16a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the portion of the stirring shaft 16 to be inserted into the joint portion 3 of the metal materials 1 and 2. Screw groove 16a is formed to plastic flow in the direction d ₁ of the periphery of the metal material 1 of the thread groove 16a is directed from the rear surface to the front surface of the metal material 1 with the rotation of the stirring shaft 16 at the time of joining ing. Further, a thread groove 16b is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the portion inserted into the through hole 12h of the front plate 12a of the stirring shaft 16. Contrary to the screw groove 16a, the screw groove 16b is formed by the metal materials 1 and 2 reaching the periphery of the screw groove 16b from the screw groove 16a with the rotation of the stirring shaft 16 at the time of joining. It is formed so as to plastically flow in a direction d ₂ toward the back side from.

  The control unit 20 controls the operations of the front plate 12a, the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16. The control unit 20 includes a back side tool rotation motor 21, a back side tool movement motor 22, a back side tool pulling mechanism 23, a front side plate movement motor 24, and a controller 25.

  The back side tool rotation motor 21 rotates the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 with a predetermined torque. The back tool movement motor 22 moves the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 in an arbitrary direction. The back-side tool movement motor 22 is relative to the back-side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 in the vertical direction (the Z-axis direction in the drawing) and the horizontal direction (the X-axis and Y-axis directions in the drawing). Control the position. The back side tool pulling mechanism 23 pulls the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 from the back side of the metal materials 1 and 2 to the front side with a predetermined force. For this reason, the back side tool 14 is made to contact | abut with the predetermined load with respect to the metal materials 1 and 2 around the junction part 3, respectively.

  The controller 25 controls operations of the back side tool rotation motor 21, the back side tool movement motor 22, and the back side tool pulling mechanism 23. The controller 25 can perform torque control for controlling the rotation torque of the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 by controlling the operation of the back side tool rotation motor 21. The controller 25 can perform position control for controlling the positions of the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 by controlling the operation of the back tool moving motor 22. The controller 25 can perform load control for controlling the load of the back-side tool 14 on the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3 by controlling the operation of the back-side tool pulling mechanism 23. The controller 25 can control the operations of the back side tool 14 and the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 by any of torque control, position control, and load control.

  The front side plate moving motor 24 moves the front side plate 12a in an arbitrary direction corresponding to the movement of the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16. The front plate moving motor 24 controls the relative position of the front plate 12a in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction with respect to the metal materials 1 and 2. The controller 25 controls the operation of the front side plate moving motor 24. The controller 25 can perform position control for controlling the position of the front side plate 12 a by controlling the operation of the front side plate moving motor 24.

  Hereinafter, operation | movement of the joining apparatus 10a of this embodiment is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the stirring shaft 16 is inserted into the joint 3. The back tool 14 is brought into contact with the back surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3. The front side plate 12 a is brought into contact with the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3. The metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3 are sandwiched between the front plate 12a and the back tool 14 respectively.

  The control unit 20 moves the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 along the joint 3 while rotating the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 with a torque having a predetermined rotation speed, so that the metal materials 1 and 2 are Joined at the joint 3. The control unit 20 moves the front side plate 12 a along the joint 3 in accordance with the movement of the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16. At this time, the control unit 20 performs any one of the above-described position control, load control, and torque control for the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16, and performs the above-described position control for the front plate 12a. Further, the central axis A of the stirring shaft 16 is rotated along the joint 3 while being rotated while maintaining a predetermined angle θ with respect to the normal V on the back surface of each of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3. Moved.

As shown in FIG. 2, each screw thread of the thread groove 16 a advances in the direction d ₁ from the back surface of the metal material 1, 2 to the surface with the rotation of the stirring shaft 16 at the time of joining. Thereby, the plastic flow of the metal materials 1 and 2 in the joint portion 3 is promoted, and a good joint can be obtained. Further, with the rotation of the stirring shaft 16 at the time of joining, each thread of the screw groove 16b advances in the direction d2 from the front surface to the back surface of the metal materials 1 and ₂ . Thereby, the metal plastically flowed on the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 by the screw groove 16a can be prevented from entering the through hole of the through hole portion 12h of the front plate 12a.

  According to this embodiment, each of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint portion 3 is joined to the joint portion 3 in which the end faces of the pair of metal materials 1 and 2 are abutted with each other as in the case of friction stir welding with a conventional bobbin tool. The stirring shaft 16 extending from the front surface to the back surface is inserted, and the back-side tool 14 at the tip of the stirring shaft 16 is brought into contact with the back surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint portion 3. However, in the present embodiment, the front plate 12a is brought into contact with the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3 and the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3 are interposed between the back tool 14 and the front plate 12a. The metal materials 1 and 2 are joined together by sandwiching each of them and moving the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 along the joint 3 while rotating.

  For this reason, unjoined parts such as kissing bonds do not occur on both surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joined part 3. Further, since the rotating members are not brought into contact with both surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint portion 3 unlike the conventional bobbin tool, the undulations of the front plate 12a are transferred to the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2. By bringing the front plate 12a having a smooth surface into contact with each other, it is possible to obtain a good joining surface without causing any marks after friction stir welding on the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joining portion 3. It becomes. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the surface of the metal material and the surface of the metal material, as in the conventional friction stir welding method in which the backing plate is brought into contact with the back surface side while inserting the probe of the rotary tool into the joint from only the surface side of the metal material. There is no need to work from both sides, and most work can be done only from the front side of the metal material. Therefore, it is possible to easily join a metal material to a structure having a closed structure such as a device or a vehicle chassis by an operation only from the outside.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the center axis A of the stirring shaft 16 is such that the surface that contacts the back surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint 3 in the back tool 14 is the moving direction of the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16. It is made to incline with respect to the normal V of the back surface of each of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint portion 3 so as to incline to the side of the joint 3. For this reason, it is not possible to provide such an inclination angle of the stirring shaft 16, and it is possible to obtain a good joint 3 with respect to the friction stir welding by the conventional bobbin tool in which the joining condition is limited. The range can be expanded.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, the front side plate 12a performs position control with respect to each of the metal materials 1 and 2, and the back side tool 14 performs any of position control, load control, and torque control. For this reason, it is the same as the friction stir welding in which the rotary tool is brought into contact with the front side of the conventional metal materials 1 and 2 and the backing plate is brought into contact with the back side mainly by the work from the surface side of each of the metal materials 1 and 2. Can be joined.

  Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the joining apparatus 10 b of this embodiment is configured so that the front plate 12 b having the convex portion 12 p that protrudes toward the back tool 14 around the stirring shaft 16 is connected to each of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joining portion 3. The point which makes it contact | abut on the surface differs from the said 1st Embodiment. The back side tool 14 is inclined so that the surface in contact with the metal materials 1 and 2 is inclined to the side in the moving direction. Therefore, the most load is applied around the end portion on the opposite side to the moving direction of the back tool 14 shown in FIG. Therefore, the convex part 12p protrudes most to the back side tool 14 side in the periphery of the edge part on the opposite side to the moving direction of the back side tool 14. FIG. The length by which the protrusion 12p protrudes toward the minus side in the Z direction in the figure with respect to the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 can be set to 1 to 5 mm, for example.

  According to the present embodiment, the front plate 12 b has the convex portion 12 p protruding toward the back tool 14 at the center of the friction stir welding around the stirring shaft 16 and the back tool 14, and the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16. Accordingly, the amount of strain and plastic working of the metal materials 1 and 2 are increased, and the structure of the metal materials 1 and 2 is further refined, so that the bonding strength can be improved. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, since the convex portion 12p is provided in the vicinity of the through hole portion 12h of the front side plate 12b, it is possible to prevent the metal from entering the through hole of the through hole portion 12h.

  Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the joining apparatus 10 c according to the present embodiment includes a front plate 12 c having a recessed portion 12 q that is recessed on the opposite side of the back tool 14 around the stirring shaft 16. The point which contacts each surface differs from the said 1st Embodiment. The back side tool 14 is inclined so that the surface in contact with the metal materials 1 and 2 is inclined to the side in the moving direction. Therefore, the most load is applied around the end on the opposite side to the moving direction of the back tool 14 shown in FIG. Therefore, the recess 12q is recessed most deeply on the opposite side of the back tool 14 around the end opposite to the moving direction of the back tool 14. The depth at which the concave portion 12q is recessed on the plus side in the Z direction in the figure with respect to the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 can be set to 1 to 5 mm, for example.

  According to the present embodiment, in a metal material having an HCP structure (hexagonal close-packed structure) such as a magnesium alloy or a titanium alloy, if orientation is imparted to the structure of the metal material by stirring of friction stir welding, The strength may decrease. However, according to the present embodiment, the front plate 12c has the recessed portion 12q that is recessed on the opposite side to the back tool 14 at the center of the friction stir welding around the stirring shaft 16 and the back tool 14. And the movement of the agitation shaft 16 in accordance with the movement of the agitation shaft 16 complicates the flow of agitation around the junction 3 to prevent the structure of the metal materials 1 and 2 from being oriented, Can be improved.

  The fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below. As shown in FIG. 5, the bonding apparatus 10 d of the present embodiment uses a front plate 12 d having a shape along the shape of one surface of each of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the bonding portion 3 as a metal material around the bonding portion 3. The point which is made to contact | abut each surface of 1 and 2 differs from the said 1st Embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the metal materials 1 and 2 are curved so as to protrude to the back surface side in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the joint portion 3. The front side plate 12d has a curved shape so as to protrude to the back side of the metal materials 1 and 2 so as to correspond to the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the curved joint portion 3. In the present embodiment, when the metal members 1 and 2 are curved so as to protrude to the surface side in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the joint portion 3, the front plate 12 d is a metal around the curved joint portion 3. It can have a curved shape so as to protrude to the surface side of the metal materials 1 and 2 so as to correspond to the surfaces of the materials 1 and 2.

  In the present embodiment, the front side plate 12d having a shape along the shape of the surface of each of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint portion 3 is brought into contact with the surface of each of the metal materials 1 and 2 around the joint portion 3. Even if the surfaces of the materials 1 and 2 are not flat surfaces, bonding can be performed, and the degree of freedom of bonding can be improved. In particular, since it can be joined to a structure having a closed structure such as a chassis of a device or a vehicle mainly by work from one direction from the outside or the inside of the structure, it is extremely useful.

  The fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below. As shown in FIG. 6, the joining device 10 e of this embodiment abuts a pair of front side plates 12 e divided along the joint portion 3 so that the stirring shaft 16 can move along the joint portion 3. With the front side plate 12e fixed to the metal materials 1 and 2, the metal materials 1 and 2 are moved by moving the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 along the joints 1 and 2 while rotating. The point which joins differs from the said 1st Embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the pair of front side plates 12e does not have through-hole portions 12h unlike the front side plates 12a to 12d of the first to fourth embodiments. The pair of front side plates 12e are brought into contact with the surfaces of the metal members 1 and 2 with an interval slightly larger than the diameter of the stirring shaft 16 over the entire length of the joint portion 3 along the longitudinal direction of the joint portion 3. The control unit 20 keeps the pair of front side plates 12e fixed on the surfaces of the metal materials 1 and 2 when the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 are rotated and moved along the joints 1 and 2. And

  In the present embodiment, the front plate 12e divided along the joint 3 is brought into contact so that the stirring shaft 16 can move along the joint 3, and the front plate 12e is fixed to the metal materials 1 and 2. The metal materials 1 and 2 are joined together by moving the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16 along the joint 3 while rotating the back tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16. For this reason, the metal materials 1 and 2 can be joined by a simple method in which the front side plate 12e is not moved with respect to the metal materials 1 and 2.

  In addition, in the joining apparatus 10e of this embodiment, when the length of the joining part 3 is longer than the total length of the pair of front side plates 12e, the control unit 20 is as in the first to fourth embodiments. The pair of front side plates 12e may be moved along the joint 3 in accordance with the movement of the back side tool 14 and the stirring shaft 16.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation aspect is possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... Metal material, 3 ... Joining part, 10a-10e ... Joining apparatus, 12a-12e ... Front side plate, 12m ... Chamfering part, 12h ... Through-hole part, 12p ... Convex part, 12q ... Concave part, 14 ... Back side Tool, 16 ... stirring shaft, 16a, 16b ... screw groove, 20 ... control unit, 21 ... back side tool rotation motor, 22 ... back side tool movement motor, 23 ... back side tool pulling mechanism, 24 ... front side plate movement motor, 25 ... controller .

Claims (12)

An agitation shaft inserting step of inserting an agitation shaft extending from one surface of each of the metal materials around the joint portion to the other surface in the joint portion where the end faces of the pair of metal materials are abutted;
A rotating member abutting step for abutting a rotating member at the tip of the stirring shaft to the other surface of each of the metal materials around the joint;
A fixing member abutting step in which a fixing member abuts on the one surface of each of the metal materials around the joint; and
Each of the metal materials around the joint portion between the rotating member brought into contact with the metal material in the rotating member contacting step and the fixing member brought into contact with the metal material in the fixing member contacting step. Sandwiching process to sandwich,
A joining step for joining the metal materials by moving along the joining portion while rotating the rotating member and the stirring shaft;
Including
In the joining step, the agitation shaft is in relation to the normal of the other surface such that a surface that contacts the other surface of the rotation member is inclined toward the moving direction of the rotation member and the agitation shaft. Inclined metal material joining method. In the fixing member abutting step, the fixing member having a protrusion protruding toward the rotating member around the stirring shaft is brought into contact with the one surface of each of the metal materials around the joining portion,
The metal material joining method according to claim 1, wherein, in the joining step, the fixing member is moved along the joining portion in accordance with the movement of the rotating member and the stirring shaft. In the fixing member abutting step, the fixing member having a concave portion that is recessed on the side opposite to the rotating member around the stirring shaft is brought into contact with the one surface of each of the metal materials around the joining portion,
The metal material joining method according to claim 1, wherein, in the joining step, the fixing member is moved along the joining portion in accordance with the movement of the rotating member and the stirring shaft. In the fixing member abutting step, the fixing member divided along the joining portion is brought into contact so that the stirring shaft can move along the joining portion,
In the joining step, the metal members are joined by moving the rotating member and the stirring shaft along the joint while rotating the rotating member and the stirring shaft in a state where the fixing member is fixed to the metal material. The metal material joining method according to claim 1.   In the fixing member abutting step, the fixing member having a shape along the shape of the one surface of the metal material around the joint is applied to the one surface of the metal material around the joint. The metal material joining method according to claim 1, wherein the metal material is joined.   In the joining step, while controlling the position of the fixing member with respect to each of the metal materials around the joint and the position, load, and rotation torque of the rotating member with respect to each of the metal materials around the joint The metal material joining method according to claim 1, wherein the metal materials are joined to each other. A stirring shaft that is inserted into a joint where the end faces of a pair of metal materials are butted together and extends from one surface of each of the metal materials around the joint to the other surface;
A rotating member at the tip of the stirring shaft that is in contact with the other surface of each of the metal materials around the joint;
A fixing member that comes into contact with the one surface of each of the metal materials around the joint portion;
With
The rotating member and the fixing member sandwich each of the metal materials around the joint between the rotating member and the fixing member,
The metal members are joined together by moving along the joining portion while the rotating member and the stirring shaft rotate,
The agitation shaft is inclined with respect to the normal line of the other surface so that a surface that contacts the other surface of the rotation member is inclined toward the moving direction of the rotation member and the agitation shaft. , Metal material joining device.   The fixing member has a convex portion protruding toward the rotating member around the stirring shaft, and moves along the joint portion corresponding to the movement of the rotating member and the stirring shaft. The metal material joining apparatus as described.   The fixing member has a concave portion that is recessed on the opposite side of the rotating member around the stirring shaft, and moves along the joint portion in response to movement of the rotating member and the stirring shaft. The metal material joining apparatus according to 7. The fixing member is divided along the joint so that the stirring shaft can move along the joint;
The said rotating member and the said stirring shaft join the said metal materials by moving along the said junction part, rotating while the said fixing member remains fixed with respect to the said metal material. The metal material joining apparatus according to 7.   The metal member joining device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the fixing member has a shape along a shape of the one surface of each of the metal materials around the joint portion.   When joining the metal materials, the fixing member is controlled in position of the fixing member with respect to each of the metal materials around the joint portion, and the rotating member is associated with each of the metal materials around the joint portion. The metal material joining device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein any one of a position, a load, and a rotational torque of the rotating member is controlled.

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