JP2014052230A - Decontamination method, and solution and device used for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an atmospheric radiation quantity reducing method, a contaminant volume reducing method, and a liquid solution and a device used for them that can be used in a wide range of regions contaminated in association with a reactor accident or the like.SOLUTION: Inorganic porous powder formed by adsorbing and solidifying photocatalyst fine particles on its surface is mixed into a solution, in which a transition element, a potassium element, and a calcium element are dissolved, to make a solution. The solution, in a state where it flows in a ferromagnetic field and in a state where nano-bubbles are saturated in it, is used for separating radioactive materials, newly bonding them to a bonding agent, and then making them penetrate underground. At the same time, radioactive materials are covered by a thin film of the transition element, and γ-ray energy from a radioactive object is effectively converted by a photocatalytic action. Thus, generally at site, an atmospheric radiation quantity is reduced without collecting the radioactive materials, and, with a low temperature thermal decomposition apparatus using the solution, contaminant volumes can be reduced without letting cesium vaporise or discharge. Further, at a main accident site, an atmospheric radiation quantity is reduced by a similar method.

Description

  The present invention relates to a decontamination method using a photocatalytic action capable of dealing with a radioactive substance generation source and a wide range of scattered contamination sites, and a solution and an apparatus used therefor.

  A photocatalyst such as titanium oxide oxidizes and decomposes organic matter and water adhering to the surface when it receives ultraviolet rays. Using this function, environmental purification technologies such as deodorizing, antibacterial, and antifouling have been put into practical use, but how they respond to high-energy light and radiation such as X-rays and γ-rays. I did n’t know. In 2007, Titanium Oxide Photocatalyst was irradiated with synchrotron radiation X-rays in collaboration with the Research Institute for Light Utilization, Environmental Management Technology Division, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and the X-ray Dynamics Research Group, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Then, it was confirmed for the first time that an electrochemical oxidation reaction occurred as in the case of ultraviolet irradiation. In other words, when titanium oxide is irradiated with radiated X-rays, the photocurrent can be obtained with a high efficiency exceeding 10 times (approximately 15 quantum-hole pairs are generated per photon of X-rays), and oxidative decomposition of water components. It was confirmed that the reaction occurred. In addition to this, it was also confirmed that the surface of titanium oxide was hydrophilicized 10,000 times more efficiently than in the case of ultraviolet irradiation by irradiation with radiation X-rays in just one minute. (Academic journal “Electrochema Acta” published by the International Electrochemical Society on May 13, 2007) (See Non-Patent Document 1) By the way, the difference between X-rays and γ-rays is due to the difference in generation mechanism, and the frequency range is The same. The former originates from orbital electron energy level transitions, and the latter originates from energy level transitions in nuclei.

This suggests that photocatalysis can be applied to effective utilization of radiation emitted from high-level radioactive waste, decontamination, and space radiation dose reduction work. Is mentioned.
In order to improve the efficiency of the photocatalyst, a radioactive mineral that emits low-dose radiation is added (see Patent Document 1). In order to achieve high efficiency in the visible light region, the photocatalyst is irradiated with ionizing radiation (see Patent Document 2). In the nuclear reactor, photocatalyst coating-coated scintillators and those that generate hydrogen when γ rays strike the photocatalyst turbid liquid (see Patent Document 3). Oxygen and hydrogen are produced by applying γ-rays and X-rays from high-concentration radioactive waste generated in a nuclear reactor to a photocatalyst and scintillator (see Patent Document 4). A photocatalyst is applied in a nuclear reactor to prevent corrosion of the furnace wall (see Patent Document 5). A radiation energy excitation type photocatalyst complex in which an excitation accelerator is added to a photocatalyst (see Patent Document 6).
All of these aim to improve the reaction efficiency of the photocatalyst, and are intended to utilize γ rays themselves in a safe nuclear reactor, and do not attach and remove radioactive substances that emit γ rays. In other words, it is not intended for decontamination of radioactive materials scattered over a wide range due to a nuclear reactor accident or the like.

Since photocatalysts can decompose and remove environmental pollutants using sunlight, many studies have been made as environmental purification agents so far, but from the viewpoint of chemical stability and safety, there is no substitute for titania so far. It is said that. However, since titania to be used is a fine powder and ultraviolet light containing only 3% of sunlight is the main reaction area, it is attached to the fine porous powder to improve the recoverability. Various high-performance photocatalysts have been devised, such as supporting vanadium, rhodium, iron, etc. to make them compatible with visible light, and further converting to nano-structure to improve transparency. These products may be in the form of powder or sol, but all are based on titania particles and have transition elements attached to them, which are like hybrid photocatalysts. As a result, it is expensive and is used in a limited range that is cost-effective, such as being efficiently attached to the target by spraying, baking, or the like. In other words, the idea of using high-performance hybrid photocatalysts for decontamination over a wide area is unlikely to occur.

Regarding patents related to decontamination without using a photocatalyst or radiation dose reduction technology, a number of physical methods (physical decontamination), chemical methods (chemical decontamination), and methods using them in combination have been proposed. Among physical decontamination methods, a water flow or a steam flow is used as a method of grinding and removing a contaminated oxide film by spraying an abrasive onto a decontamination object using steam as a medium (see Patent Document 7). There are a combination of physical decontamination by chemicals and chemical decontamination by chemicals (see Patent Document 8), and cleaning the wetted surface by generating cavitation in water by ultrasonic waves (see Patent Document 9). As for chemical decontamination, oxidative decontamination using an oxidizing agent, reductive decontamination using a reducing agent, and oxidation-reduction decontamination using them together are known. As one of the oxidative decontamination, there is a method in which a liquid containing ozone microbubbles is brought into contact with an object to be decontaminated (see Patent Document 10).
These are also devised as technologies for removing radioactive materials adhering to the surface of piping equipment in nuclear power plants and facilities for handling radioactive materials, and as with photocatalysts, they are contaminated by particulate radioactive materials scattered by nuclear accidents. It is not suitable for decontamination of a wide range of objects.
In addition, there is a newspaper article on a field demonstration experiment using special water such as scallop powder or ozone water, but the experimental results are the same as high-pressure washing using zeolite and ordinary water.
Similar results have been obtained for water that has generated cavitation due to ultrasonic waves and is not attracting attention.

In addition, incineration of dioxins, PCBs, and radioactive materials is presumed in the treatment of the massive rubble caused by the tsunami and nuclear power plant accident caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake. In the past, a number of patents relating to low-temperature pyrolysis devices using magnetized air instead of incineration have been proposed as follows. Waste organic matter low temperature magnetic decomposition apparatus (see Patent Document 11). Method and apparatus for constant-temperature decomposition treatment of processed product (see Patent Document 12). This is an organic pyrolysis apparatus using a magnetic air action (see Patent Document 13).
These devices correspond to the usable pyrolysis devices indicated by the Minister of the Environment (see Non-Patent Document 3), appear to be operating at a low temperature according to the face value, and even ash is decomposed. Looks like. However, it is difficult to dispose of waste with a high water content, and if tar is generated and what is handled in addition to dioxin, PCB, or radioactive substances, there is a possibility of leakage. It is accepted by the people concerned.

On the other hand, for the urgent treatment of the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake, the “2011 Public Activity for Radioactive Decontamination Technology Demonstration Project” was sponsored by the Cabinet Office, the Ministry of the Environment, and the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. It was held from November 2011 to February 2012. There have been 295 proposals from both inside and outside that are national priority issues, and 25 decontamination technologies have been adopted through careful screening. Then, each group spent about 10 billion yen and completed each demonstration experiment. In March 2012, a large-scale report meeting was held at the Fukushima City Public Hall. The outline of the “2011 Decontamination Technology Demonstration Test Project” is as follows. For details, see (Non-Patent Document 2).

For decontamination and volume reduction of contaminated soil, cesium sublimation separation (heat treatment) technology x 1 with a rotary heater (1200 ° C), cutting equipment (super high pressure water, ball mill, grinding equipment, microbubbles) , Cavitation jet) and sieve, specific gravity separation, cyclone-based spheroid (the smaller the soil particle size, the better the adsorption of cesium) x 6 cases, cesium release technology by dissolution of soil using organic acid (oxalic acid) ( Chemical decontamination) x 1 total 8 technologies.
Result: For heat treatment and chemical treatment, high cost and slow treatment speed. For ball-split technology, decontamination is possible, but clay particles that are indispensable for farmland of 75 μm or less, which is 40% of soil, are polluted. It must be removed and isolated at another location, and it is difficult to apply farmland realistically because it reduces the geological power. Naturally, there are scattered spots around the fields where the surface soil cannot be peeled off, and hot spots in the gutters, but they remain as they are. Furthermore, since it cannot be processed locally, it is necessary to secure, create and manage a vast temporary storage area.

For decontamination and volume reduction of polluted sludge at sewage treatment facilities, etc., one technology to elute cesium using a sludge tolerant (acid or alkali) and adsorb and recover with a special adsorbent It is.
Result: The cesium adhesion rate and the volume reduction rate are both about 50%, and cannot be put to practical use. In other words, no suitable decontamination and volume reduction technology for contaminated sludge has yet been found.

For decontamination of contaminated roads and buildings, technology by cutting and peeling equipment (dust-absorbing sander, strippable strip paint, ultra-high pressure water washing, wet blasting) as well as cutting road signs, etc. × There are 5 cases, 3 cases, 2 special technologies (high-concentration ozone water, nanobubble water) x 2 cases.
Result: The decontamination rate of the building was 50%. This is the decontamination rate of the place where it was carried out, and it is difficult to decontaminate between the tiles, between the tiles, scratches, cracks, seams and other places where clayey and dust easily accumulate, and the hot spots remain as they are. Building delamination technology also needs to pay attention to internal exposure when dust rises. As for road cutting, exfoliation technology with special high pressure water, wet blasting, and peeling technology, although results can be seen on ordinary paved roads, roads with scratches and cracks on the surface, permeable paved roads, gaps, as with buildings On some interlocking, the reduction rate decreased. In addition, it does not correspond to road surrounding areas, gutters, etc., which are expensive and occupy a considerable area that tends to become hot spots.

Regarding decontamination and volume reduction of contaminated rubble, plants, clothing, etc., it is a total of a technology that uses a waste washer and a grinding washer, and a technology that dry-cleans rubble with dry ice blasting. There are two cases.
Result: Regarding the grinding machine water washing, the radioactivity concentration can be reduced, but there is variation depending on the material, and it is 26% for plastic. Regarding dry ice blasting technology, the rate of reduction was lower than that of water cleaning because it was difficult to remove clay and silt adhering to the gaps in the rubble. That is, it is difficult to decontaminate and reduce the volume of contaminated dust, rubble with clay, and waste, and new technologies are awaited.

There are two cases of decontamination and volume reduction of contaminated plants and cow dung, such as composting technology using a high temperature aerobic composting system and organic volume reduction system technology using fermentation decomposition.
Result: Both the high temperature aerobic compost system and the organic volume reduction system can be decontaminated and reduced, but it takes time, and the cost is unknown. New technology is awaited as well as decontamination and volume reduction of rubble waste.

Regarding the treatment of contaminated water, there are two cases: a technique in which an artificial zeolite block is installed in a drainage ditch or a catchment, and a radioactive substance is attached, and a technique using an adsorbed coagulating precipitant containing ferrocyanide.
Result: It was confirmed that the water in the environment contained almost no cesium in the form of ions. As for the artificial zeolite block, a reduction effect of slightly less than 50% was confirmed using artificial contaminated water. For the ferrous ferricyanide adsorbing and coagulating precipitant, recovered water after washing with ultra-high pressure water was used, and the treated water achieved a detection limit value (20 Bq / l) or less. However, even when it was carried out using only the flocculant without using zeolite or ferrocyanide, it was below the detection limit value. From these, it is considered that cesium is turbid in water while firmly adhering to the almost removed particulate precipitate.

For decontamination of contaminated felled wood and bark, a solidifying agent (cement) is applied to the surface of wood rubble, etc., and then crushed with a chipper to separate the solidifying agent from the decontaminated chip x 1 (Warming, ultrasonic, agitation) After cleaning, decontamination with a small incinerator with bag filter and HEPA filter x1 and high-pressure water cleaning, and decontaminated water with adsorbent (Neonite) There are a total of 3 technologies to be processed.
Result: The method of applying and removing the solidifying agent (cement) is less expensive than water washing, but it is expensive and takes time and effort. After cleaning, it was proved that the method of incineration with a small incinerator with a bag filter etc. can be greatly reduced because it is incinerated. However, measures such as pressure control and exhaust filter for preventing fly ash scattering are necessary, and this is also expensive. For high pressure water cleaning, a reduction of 80% was observed after about 20 minutes of cleaning.

Regarding the contaminated forests that occupy the largest area, there are two technologies: a technique to reduce the air dose by thinning, pruning and debranching in the forest, and a technique to suck and remove fallen leaves in the forest with a vacuum car.
Result: Regarding thinning in the forest, only the place where thinning was carried out (within several tens of meters from the road), although the dose is reduced, does not lead to decontamination of the vast forest. Similarly, the defoliation suction technique using a vacuum car is limited to a limited area, and has no effect similar to measures for reducing the overall air dose and pollen scattering. The air dose after decontamination was as high as 60 μsievert / hour. In addition, the fallen leaves and the like collected from the forest have a problem of being isolated and stored at a separate location at a huge cost, as is the case with soil of 75 μm or less as a pollutant.

JP 2006-297277 A JP 2006-95520 A JP 2003-327401 A JP 2003-327401 A JP 2005-24264 A JP 2006-35207 A JP 2007-75095 A JP 2002-116295 A JP 2008-62162 A JP 2007-309864 A JP 2011-131127 A JP 2010-155231 A JP 2010-58103 A

AIST Main Research Results “Confirmed that photocatalytic action of titanium oxide occurs even under X-ray irradiation” published on July 5, 2007 Incorporated administrative agency Japan Atomic Energy Agency Fukushima Technology Headquarters “Summary of 2011 Decontamination Technology Demonstration Test Project” posted on the Internet on March 9, 2012 January 12, 2005 Ministry of the Environment Notification No.1 “Method of Thermal Decomposition Established by the Minister of the Environment” Prof. Satoshi Mori, Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo “WINEP Prog” http://moribin.blog114.fc2.com/

The following issues regarding the selected decontamination and volume reduction technologies that were clarified in the “2011 Decontamination Technology Demonstration Test Project” conducted by collecting domestic and foreign wisdom are to be solved.
In addition, although not clearly stated in the results of the demonstration experiment, the decontamination target area that can be used by this method is over 20% of the total, taking Iitate Village as an example. As a method of reducing the radiation dose to a level where it can be lived, the village councilor questioned, “While spending enormous costs, the floor of the room is not cleaned and the corner of the floor is wiped.” You are hugging and posting to the media. In fact, even if decontamination is carried out by the conventional method, radioactive material is newly scattered from the unimplemented place such as a forest together with dust, and internal exposure due to this is unavoidable.

For decontamination of contaminated soil, on-site treatment is difficult and expensive.
In particular, clay particles of 75 μm or less that are indispensable for farmland are removed as pollutants, and it is difficult to apply to farmland in reality because of reduced geopower. In addition, securing a temporary storage area, which must be isolated in a separate location and becoming a highly contaminated area, is expected to cause a rebound of residents who plan to return home, and construction and management are large and expensive. In addition, hot spots such as ridges and gutters around the field where the surface soil cannot be peeled remain.

Regarding the decontamination of contaminated sludge, it adheres strongly to fine-grained molecules, and the cesium adsorption rate and volume reduction rate are both as low as about 50%, and it is difficult to reduce the decontamination with current technology.

Contaminated buildings and road decontamination, buildings are between tiles, scratches, cracks, seams, etc.
It is difficult to decontaminate in clayy and dusty places that tend to become hot spots. As for road cutting and peeling technology, it is necessary to pay attention to internal exposure when dust soars, and, like buildings, there are innumerable small scratches and cracks on the road surface. The reduction rate is low on the paved road and interlocking with gaps. In addition, road surrounding areas and gutters that occupy a considerable area, which are expensive and easily become hot spots, remain as they are without decontamination or reduction of space radiation dose.

For decontamination of contaminated rubble, plants, clothes, etc., both water and dry cleaning take time,
High cost. In addition, it is difficult to decontaminate and reduce the volume of contaminated dust that has entered the gap, rubble with clay, and waste. Since these have strong adhesion, decontamination at a detoxifying level is difficult, and a large amount of storage space is required as a contaminant.

Regarding decontamination and volume reduction of contaminated plants and cow dung, etc., both high-temperature aerobic compost system and organic volume reduction system can be decontaminated and reduced, but it takes time and is expensive.

As for the treatment of contaminated water, it was not clarified in the demonstration experiment, but because it is wide-ranging, radioactive materials mixed with rainwater etc. and remaining attached to dust etc. accumulate on the water collection tank, river bottom, lake bottom, etc. Continue to be.

For decontamination of contaminated felled wood and bark, the method of applying and removing a solidifying agent (cement) is expensive and time-consuming. After cleaning, the incineration volume reduction method in a small incinerator with a bag filter etc. incinerates pollutants, so all the cesium is vaporized, and measures such as pressure control and exhaust filters to prevent fly ash scattering are necessary. In addition, there is a problem that it is expensive and a large number of small incinerators by combustion may be installed under the current legal system.

Regarding contaminated forests, dose reduction by thinning is only at the place where thinning was carried out (within several tens of meters from the road), and it is a problem that is practically unsuitable for decontamination of vast forests. The problem was that the air dose after decontamination was at a high level of 60 μsievert / hour. The problem of suctioning defoliation with vacuum cars is limited, and there is no effect similar to measures for reducing the overall air dose and pollen scattering. In addition, litter collected from forests, like contaminated clay soil (75 μm or less), must be stored separately in a separate location at a huge expense as a pollutant.

The above problems are thought to have arisen as a result of sticking to removal and isolation as “decontamination is to remove radioactive substances” that are scattered over a wide area and strongly adhered to fine particles such as dust.
In the present invention, first, in order to efficiently separate and newly attach radioactive substances adhering to fine particles such as dust, various energies are applied to the constituent atoms of the solution to be used, and a new adhering agent is added, and photocatalysis is used on the spot. For those that should be collected and managed in the temporary storage area without being recovered in principle by effectively converting the radiation energy, spray the solution on the temporary storage area itself as a decontamination target, and use the same method. By reducing the radiation dose at the accident site of the former, it is intended to reduce the amount of space radiation and greatly reduce the volume of pollutants.

The first invention is an inorganic porous fine powder in which a transition element or a transition element and potassium or ammonium ions are dissolved or suspended in mineral water or ordinary water, and further has an ability to attach radioactive fine particles. Alternatively, a solution in which the inorganic porous fine powder having the photocatalyst fine particles attached and solidified on the surface of the fine powder is made alone or simultaneously is prepared, and the solution is left as it is or the solution is flowed in a strong magnetic field. Using a solution in a state where a nanobubble device is generated in the solution, or a composite state thereof, spraying, sprinkling, spraying, pouring, or submerging a groove to reduce the amount of space radiation from the object. It is a decontamination method characterized by reducing.
A photocatalyst based on titanium oxide and a titanium complex has a high-performance photocatalytic action, but is hardly soluble in water and expensive. For radioactive materials scattered over a wide area, a 4-period transition element having the same characteristics as titanium is used so that the redox power conversion of γ-ray energy can be achieved at low cost, and a solution in which the transition element is dissolved or turbid is used. . At the same time, it is the main component of biotite, which is considered to be the main cause of soil fixation, and it is indispensable for plant growth and has low ionization energy to prevent the crop from absorbing cesium from the roots. In addition, it was also a good solution for plants having a peeling effect from adsorbed soil particles. On the other hand, when cesium was adsorbed on a plant and aimed for removal, a solution to which ammonium ions were added was used. Furthermore, in order to adhere the peeled cesium atoms or ions by utilizing the spheroid action by ionic bonding force, intermolecular force, van der Waals force, etc., the solution was mixed with inorganic porous powder. As the mixed porous powder, there are many nano-level pores, known deolite having a cation exchange function with cesium, or pores smaller than deolite, and easily dissolves transition elements and is alkaline. Similarly, known calcined scallops or silica gel with good photocatalytic performance is preferred.
Furthermore, in order to enhance the cesium peeling and new adhesion functions, the solution is made to flow in a strong magnetic field created by, for example, a neodymium permanent magnet, and at the same time, a cavity of 50 μm or less is generated in the solution by a nanobubble generator. Active energy was given to atoms or ions. And in each place that covers a wide area, by spraying or watering a large amount of the solution, in principle, it is not collected with an image that covers the area around the cesium adhering substance with a thin film. It was set as the method of decontamination by reducing the space radiation dose of a target object.

The second invention is a decontamination solution and a solvent characterized by being used in the method of the first invention.
In order to cope with a large amount of use in the field, a concentrated solution of the solution to be used after dilution and a solvent used in the production of the solution used in the method of the first invention are included.

3rd invention is the decontamination solution characterized by the transition element as described in 1st invention being vanadium, and a solvent.
Vanadium is a Group 4 transition element located next to Group 3 titanium in the periodic table, and has the same ionization energy as titanium and similar to it, and has the property of eluting into alkaline water. Vanadium is also found in a large amount in mineral water collected through the basalt layer of Mt. Fuji.
This solution is a solution in which vanadium water such as Mt.Fuji is used to adjust the vanadium concentration using a reverse osmosis membrane device or a vacuum concentrator, a solution eluting ancient soft porous marine corrosive material containing a large amount of minerals such as vanadium, Alternatively, the above solution or a solution obtained by adding vanadium collected from ash discharged from a thermal power plant to ordinary water is used as a base.

4th invention is the decontamination solution characterized by adding calcium to the solution as described in 1st invention, and a solvent.
This solution is a mineral water containing a large amount of calcium, a solution prepared by adjusting the calcium concentration using a reverse osmosis membrane device or a vacuum concentrator as in the third invention, and an ancient soft porous material containing a large amount of minerals such as calcium. It is manufactured by adding calcined shell powder such as scallops containing a large amount of calcium, or minerals such as calcium for artificial mineral water, to a solution eluting a marine corrosive substance, or the above-mentioned solution or ordinary water.

5th invention uses the solution of 2nd invention and 3rd invention, the process of storing the said solution, the process of flowing the said solution in a strong magnetic field, and the nano bubble generator in the said solution For reducing the amount of space radiation, characterized in that it comprises a step of generating a cavity in step 2 and a step of spraying, spreading, spraying, pouring or grooving the solution onto the object. It is a decontamination device. Although the configuration and the like vary depending on the application, it will be described with reference to the drawings in the example of use.

In the sixth invention, the apparatus used in the step of flowing the solution described in the fifth invention in a strong magnetic field uses n neodymium magnet pairs, and its NS counter electrode distance is brought closer to 5 mm, which is the strongest magnetic field. A device in which fluid moves through n gaps that have become strong magnetic fields, and a solution inlet or outlet of a nanobubble generator, or The apparatus is characterized in that it is installed in the vicinity of the inlet from the solution storage tank to the pump or the vicinity of the outlet from the pump.
With this apparatus, conventionally used sprayers, sprinklers, injectors, solution storage tanks, pumps and the like can be used as they are. This device activates the movement of water-constituting atoms and molecules, and various effects can be considered. Not only pollution, but also various effects such as plant activation, soil modification, water modification, and rust removal of water pipes, etc. Can be used in expectation.

The seventh invention is a process of pre-drying contaminated organic matter containing radiation when the water content is high, and flowing air flowing into the pyrolysis furnace from the air inlet and processed material inlet in a strong magnetic field. A step of thermally decomposing and reducing the volume of polluted organic matter using the air, and a hardly decomposable substance including a radioactive substance that leaks together with flue gas from the step and the solution according to the second to fourth aspects of the invention Using a light source that activates the solution, mainly detoxifying in the liquid phase or reducing the radiation dose, and using a photocatalyst and its light source as the emitted gas, detoxifying in the gas phase, or reducing the radiation dose A method for reducing the volume of pollutants, characterized by using a thermal decomposition apparatus composed of 4 to 5 steps.
By making the air flowing in from the air intake of the pyrolysis furnace shut off from the outside flow in a strong magnetic field made of a plurality of, for example, neodymium permanent magnets, the energy applied to each atom in the air is used to It aims to pyrolyze and reduce the volume of most polluted organic matter in an oxygen state that does not disappear. In addition to the radioactive substances that are considered to leak along with the flue gas from the process, it is also aimed at detoxifying or supplementary reduction of dioxins, trace PCBs, and the like.

The eighth invention is a pollutant volume reducing device which is used in the method according to the seventh invention and is constituted by the steps described therein.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus used in the step of flowing the air flowing into the pyrolysis furnace described in the eighth aspect in a strong magnetic field, wherein the gas flows in the strongest magnetic field described in the sixth aspect. It is the thermal decomposition apparatus characterized by setting it as the apparatus comprised so.

In a tenth aspect of the present invention, the radioactive material is adsorbed by spraying or spraying at all times using the solution and apparatus according to the second to sixth aspects of the invention, or by spraying or spraying. A method for reducing space radiation dose at an accident site, characterized in that the radiation dose from the particles is reduced by using the thermal decomposition treatment method and apparatus according to the seventh to ninth inventions of the fine particles. .

An eleventh aspect of the invention is a space radiation dose reduction device at an accident site, characterized in that it is used in the method of the tenth aspect of the invention and is constituted by the steps described therein.
A process in which the solution is always sprayed, cooled and liquefied, dropped, a process in which a fan is provided in a gas flow cylinder made of a lightweight material and discharged to the outside through a process tank provided in the lower layer, and a process tank in which the solution is filled in the lower layer. It is an apparatus characterized in that radioactive material is reduced at a leakage place which is a cause of space radiation by an attaching process.

The present invention, in principle, collects and manages the temporary storage site without collecting it, and the temporary storage site is subject to decontamination. The reduction is intended. According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problems of “decontamination by removal and sequestration of radioactive substances” are solved, and the following effects are obtained.
Borrowing the words of Iitate village council, “Clean not only from the table and part of the floor, but also from the ceiling.”
These effects include the materials used, the functions of the apparatus, that is, the dissolution function of alkali elements, the photocatalytic function of transition elements, particularly titanium oxide, the adhesion function of inorganic porous materials such as zeolite, the fluid constituent molecules that have moved a strong magnetic field, and These well-known functions, such as a peeling decomposition function by the cavity of the nanobubble device, can be achieved by making them into one solution and skillfully multiplying them.
1 Many decontamination areas such as forests that cover 80% of the decontamination symmetry area can be easily decontaminated.
2 Radioactive waste and temporary storage can be greatly reduced.
3 The decontamination of the temporary storage area is decontaminated, the radiation dose is reduced, and the cooperation of residents who return home is obtained.
4 Decontamination can be performed leaving the necessary fine soil in the field.
5 The volume of contaminated organic matter and sludge can be greatly reduced.
6 Decontamination costs can be reduced.
7. Reduce the amount of space radiation in the entire living area so that evacuated residents can return home with peace of mind.
8 Dust from radioactive substances such as dust from a wide range of contaminated areas, and internal exposure due to this can be prevented.
9 Prevent the dissipation of new radioactive materials from the location where the nuclear accident occurred.
10 Space radiation dose at places where nuclear accidents occur can be reduced.

FIG. 4 is a reaction diagram of photocatalyst such as titanium oxide when irradiated with ultraviolet rays and γ rays. These include the size of cesium, potassium, transition elements, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms. It is a conceptual diagram of a neon atomic shell. It is a conceptual diagram of β decay of cesium 137. It is a figure which removes or surrounds an attached radioactive substance by action of a photocatalyst, potassium particles, etc. It is a conceptual diagram of magnetization. It is a definition diagram of magnetization. It is a magnetic moment diagram. It is a quantum origin diagram of magnetic moment. It is a magnetic moment figure of an electron. It is a magnetic moment diagram of atoms and molecules. It is a magnetic moment figure of a transition element. It is a conceptual diagram of a magnetization process. It is a contraction conceptual diagram of a micro bubble and a nano bubble. It is a conceptual diagram of the difference between microbubbles and nanobubbles. FIG. 3 is a diagram of cavity collapse in solution. It is a figure of the cavity collapse in the adhesion wall surface. It is an ion distribution and potential change figure in a cavity gas-liquid interface. It is a cation substance adsorption diagram in a cavity gas-liquid interface. It is a method figure about 1st invention. Example 1 It is a figure of the solution and solvent about 2nd thru | or 4th invention. Example 1 It is a figure about 5th invention. Example 1 It is an apparatus figure about 5th invention (grooving). Example 1 It is an apparatus figure about 6th invention. Example 1 It is a space radiation dose reduction method figure about contaminated soil. Example 1 It is a contaminated soil space radiation dose reduction method figure in a temporary storage place. (Example 2) It is a space radiation dose reduction method figure about a contaminated building and a road. (Example 3) It is a space radiation dose reduction method figure about a contaminated forest. Example 4 It is a method figure about 7th invention. (Example 5) It is an apparatus figure about the 8th invention. (Example 5) It is an apparatus figure about 9th invention. (Example 5) It is a space radiation dose reduction method about polluted sludge and a pollutant volume reduction method figure. (Example 5) It is a diagram of a method for reducing the amount of space radiation and a method for reducing the volume of pollutants for contaminated debris, plants, clothing, etc. (Example 6) It is a pollutant volume reduction method figure about a polluted plant, cow dung, etc. (Example 7) It is a radiation radiation amount reduction and pollutant volume reduction method figure about polluted logging wood and bark. (Example 8) It is a method figure about 10th invention. Example 9 It is an apparatus figure about the 11th invention. (Example 10)

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The scattered radioactive material is too wide and has strong adhesion to fine particles such as clay, and it remains near the surface in the rain and is difficult to remove completely. In addition, the half-life of cesium 137 is as long as 30 years. Therefore, in principle, the present invention recovers the γ-ray energy by using the photocatalytic action shown in FIG. 1 and converting it into decomposition energy of harmful organic substances without recovering the fine radioactive substance attached. However, if it is more appropriate to manage in the temporary storage area, it will be decontaminated in the temporary storage area to reduce the air emission over a wide range.

Also, as clarified in the decontamination technology demonstration experiment, the water itself of the treated water used in the high-pressure washing machine, etc. does not contain radioactive substances, and adheres to dust and clay particles mixed in the water. They can be easily precipitated and separated by using a flocculant. In other words, we consider that there will be more pollutants during decontamination and we will not restrict the use of water. Rather, we thought that radioactive materials should be used in large quantities like natural rain in order to peel off radioactive materials from dust and clay fine particles, adhere to photocatalyst-adhered fine particles, and efficiently collect them at the intended location. Although water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen, as shown in FIG. 2, the oxygen and hydrogen atoms have a large intermolecular force although they are smaller than other atoms, and in terms of surface tension, adhesion, etc. It is a fluid with a unique character compared to liquids. The present invention makes extensive use of the nature of the molecules, atoms and electrons that make up water. The water of the base material may be ordinary water, but since it is assumed that it is not recovered, it preferably has a positive effect on humans and aims at ion exchange with cesium, and contains alkali metals and alkaline earth metals as well as cesium. Mineral water is preferred.

Next, the characteristics of the target radioactive material will be described.
The target radioactive materials are considered to be cesium 137 and cesium 134 from the characteristics of the line type and the half-life. Incidentally, the half-life of iodine is 8 days. As shown in FIG. 2, cesium is the largest atom about nine times the diameter of hydrogen and has eight coordination numbers. The physical properties involved are very soft, with a melting point of 28.4 degrees C, liquefaction in summer heat, and a boiling point of 671 degrees C, the lowest of all metals except mercury. In other words, it is better to vaporize and diffuse if incinerated, and avoid incinerators to reduce the volume of contaminants. By the way, as shown in FIG. 3, the size of the nucleus is only 2 millimeters of sand when the size of the neon atom is 200 meters in diameter. It exists with quantum mechanical probability while electrons spin around it. In other words, the world dealing with radiation should be kept in mind when considering decontamination methods that the world of quantum mechanical probabilities is not as reasonably organized as in current chemistry like the world of chemical reactions. Think.
The half-life of cesium 134 is 2 years. Cesium 137 has a long half-life of 30 years and emits strong γ rays when β decays to stable barium 137m as shown in FIG. This γ-ray is the main cause of pollution damage, but γ-rays are converted into up-quarks because one of the two down-quarks that make up one nuclear neutron stabilizes, and then two up-quarks and one down-quark This is due to the transition energy that emits electrons and γ rays when it becomes protons, and can never be stopped by chemical reactions, bacteria, etc. The present invention uses photocatalysis to reduce the radiation dose by effectively converting this γ-ray energy.

The attached state of cesium 137 will be considered as follows.
The cesium released into the atmosphere by the hydrogen explosion in the reactor building is vaporized because of high heat, cooled, liquefied, and converted into oxide CsO2- by oxygen in the air, attached to dust, and further solidified and diffused. Think. The cesium deposited on the ground may react with the oxide as a monovalent cation Cs + to form a compound. In particular, it is known that it reacts specifically with the mica of the soil and eventually becomes irreversibly fixed and difficult to elute. Therefore, even if it rains, it is not washed away under the soil and remains on the ground. Mica is generally included in igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks, and is considered to be included in the target surface. However, it is impossible to say that the plant is irreversible because it is absorbed from the roots. In any case, the target cesium is considered to be atomic or ionic level microparticles. Cesium adhering to fine particles such as dust falls to the surface of the earth and enters all gaps with the dust, accumulates where dust collects, or adheres to clay particles in the field. Naturally, the strong adhesion is due to the strong ionic bond, but also due to the physical adhesion with the fine particles. Since it is not ionic bonds but fine, it is difficult to remove from the gaps that have entered, or to simply select and remove the adhering fine particles.

The present invention is intended to exfoliate cesium firmly attached to ionic bonds or dust etc. by means of cation exchange action and various energy to solution constituent atoms, etc. Since the interstitial gap is complicated and ambiguous, as shown in FIG. 5, a method of enclosing cesium atoms and ions that remain attached to the gap or photocatalytic atoms and ions in a thin film state as shown in FIG. As a photocatalyst to be used, titanium oxide is famous, but a photocatalyst based on titanium oxide and a titanium complex has a high-performance photocatalytic action, but is hardly soluble in water and expensive. For radioactive materials scattered over a wide area, a 4-period transition element having the same characteristics as titanium is used so that the redox power conversion of γ-ray energy can be achieved at low cost, and a solution in which the transition element is dissolved or turbid is used. .
In particular, vanadium, a transition element, is a group 4 transition element located next to group 3 titanium in the periodic table, and is similar in ionization energy to titanium and has a property of eluting into alkaline water. Vanadium is also found in a large amount in mineral water collected through the basalt layer of Mt. Fuji.
The base material of this solution is a solution prepared by adjusting the vanadium concentration using a reverse osmosis membrane device or a vacuum concentrator device such as Mt. Fuji, or an ancient soft porous marine corrosive material containing a large amount of minerals such as vanadium. Or a solution obtained by adding vanadium compounds or oxides extracted from the ash discharged from a thermal power plant to the mineral water or ordinary water. Preferred oxides include pentoxide, ammonium metavanadate, potassium metavanadate, vanadium dioxide, and vanadium trioxide. Of these, ammonium metavanadate is most preferred because the ammonium ion is similar in size to the cesium ion.

Even if the γ-rays were effectively converted, if they were left as they were, plants could absorb cesium similar to potassium from the roots by the action of potassium transponders, so the following measures were taken.
The main component of mica, which is considered to be the main cause of cesium soil fixation, is essential for plant growth, and by adding potassium with low ionization energy, the crop is halved by antagonizing cesium and potassium around the roots. It was made to avoid absorbing long-term cesium from the roots, and a preferable solution for plant growth having an exfoliating effect from adsorbed soil particles.
Mica is generally contained in igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks as described above. By the way, the chemical formula of muscovite is KAL2 (ALSi13O10) (OH, F) 2, and all other mica also have K. It is considered that cesium is fixed by reacting with this K: 1 cation, and is intended to obtain a peeling effect by adding potassium. Incidentally, the addition of potassium ions suppresses the absorption of cesium ions into the plant, and conversely, when potassium is deficient, cesium transport to the above-ground part of the plant is promoted. This is known basic common sense.
In addition, addition of potassium is also possible with mineral addition apparatuses, such as potassium for artificial mineral water besides fertilizer.

On the other hand, when growing plants without making crops and aiming to absorb cesium from the roots, use a solution with ammonium ions such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium sulfate.
Tensho et al. (1961) showed that ammonia-based fertilizers (ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate) promote the absorption of cesium into plants three to five times, and potassium-based fertilizers (potassium chloride, potassium sulfate). ) Has been shown to suppress cesium absorption to plants by 26-41%.
Ammonia-based fertilizers (ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate) promote the absorption of cesium by 3 to 5 times in plants, because cesium is adsorbed to clay minerals in the soil and ammonium ions are cesium. It is thought that cesium is easily absorbed from plant roots because cesium ions adsorbed to clay minerals and ionic bonds or mica are loosened because the ion radius is similar to ions. .
For reference, this method is possible, but it does not contribute to the reduction of spatial radiation because γ rays are emitted from plants when absorbed, and it is not recommended because the land is acidified.

As one of the methods for removing cesium, calcium was added in order to make vanadium ions easy to dissolve by using the solution as an alkali in addition to the transition element.
This solution is a mineral water containing a large amount of calcium, a solution prepared by adjusting the calcium concentration using a reverse osmosis membrane device or a vacuum concentrator as in the third invention, and an ancient soft porous material containing a large amount of minerals such as calcium. Produced by adding calcined shell powder such as scallops containing a large amount of calcium, fertilizer, or minerals such as calcium for artificial mineral water to a solution eluting marine corrosive substances or the above solution or ordinary water To do.
Calcium is a Group 2 element located next to Group 3 titanium in Periodic Table 4, and, like titanium, there are two electrons in the outermost space M, and they are easily taken into divalent cations. Calcium is a mineral that elutes into alkaline water and works well for plants and humans.

  Furthermore, in order to adhere the peeled cesium atoms or ions by utilizing the spheroid action by ionic bond force, intermolecular force, van der Waals force, etc., a solution mixed with inorganic porous powder was used. The mixed porous powder has many nano-level pores, well-known deolite having a cation exchange function with cesium, and has smaller pores than deolite, and is easily known to be alkaline and easily dissolve transition elements. The baked scallop or silica gel with good photocatalytic performance is preferred. These fine powders are mixed into the solution and suspended.

Further, in order to enhance the cesium peeling and new adhesion functions, the solution is made to flow in a strong magnetic field created by a permanent magnet such as neodymium, thereby giving active energy to the solution constituent atoms or ions. As shown in Fig. 6, when a magnetic field is applied to a substance, a magnetic pole is generated on the surface of the substance, and it is temporarily magnetized and magnetized. Assuming that the magnetic moment per atom of the kth atom is μk, the magnetization intensity M per unit area is the sum Σμk as shown in FIG. The torque acting on the magnetic moment in the uniform magnetic field and the potential of the magnetic moment are as shown in FIG. The magnetic moment originating from the orbital motion of the electron has a quantum origin, and the orbital magnetic moment and the spin magnetic moment of the electron are as shown in FIG. Although overlapping, FIG. 10 is an electron magnetic moment diagram, and the magnetic moment is opposite and stable. FIG. 11 is a magnetic moment diagram of atoms and molecules. As shown in the figure, the electrons constituting the atoms are spinning and have a magnetic moment. The same applies to all elements such as water, transition elements, potassium, inorganic porous particles, dissolved oxygen, and hydrogen constituting the solution. Usually, the magnetic moments of electrons are paired on each other in the electron orbit and cancel each other. However, as shown in FIG. Since electrons enter the third M-shell d orbital, unpaired electrons are generated. Various studies have been conducted on the stationary, atomic molecules in a strong magnetic field, as in the case of diamagnetism, but there is no consensus on the spin change of substances moving in a strong magnetic field, and research has been conducted. By the way. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the theory of the water treatment apparatus applying magnetic force is currently being studied and elucidated. However, the magnetically active water actually moved in the strong magnetic field has a rust prevention effect. It has been reported that red rust becomes black rust. The effect has been demonstrated in a wide variety of places, and there are the following theories. “An induced current is generated through which water passes through a strong magnetic field. The induced current acts on the fluid in the pipe (water, etc.) to weaken the intermolecular force of the water and increase the hydrophilic force. Etc. ”. There is also the theory that the water cluster will be smaller, but there is also the view that water molecules converge and disperse within a short time and behave like human society, and future research results are awaited.
In any case, in addition to this action, cesium adheres due to the fact that water is a diamagnetism that acts against the magnetic field, and dissolved oxygen is always different from other gases, and their movement becomes active. The peeling from the particles is intended.

Furthermore, in order to enhance the separation of cesium and the new adhesion function, a solution in which a cavity of 50 μm or less was generated by a nanobubble generator was used. As shown in FIG. 14, the foam exhibits a diametrically opposite expansion / contraction property with a size of 50 μm as a boundary. As a result, as shown in FIG. 15, it is divided into one that floats and ruptures and one that contracts and floats in the solution, and then compresses and collapses. It is also known that a large bubble will collapse with a small bubble. In the present invention, only nanobubbles called cavities are used, and as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, adsorption cesium is peeled off by utilizing the action of cavity collapse on the adhesion wall surface. After the cesium is peeled off, as shown in FIG. 18, by utilizing the ion distribution and potential change at the cavity gas-liquid interface, as shown in FIG. After that, adsorption to inorganic porous particles such as zeolite is intended.
And, in each place that covers a wide area, using the equipment described below, in principle, the solution is mainly collected by spraying or sprinkling, but it is not collected but managed in a temporary storage area. The appropriate is to decontaminate the temporary storage area and cover it with a thin film of photocatalytic elements, aiming to reduce the spatial radiation dose of a wide range of regional objects so that the homecoming residents can rest assured.
Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 20 is a method diagram for the first invention. An apparatus that generates only bubbles of cavities that do not contain bubbles of 50 μm or more has a moderate rise in water temperature as the number of cavities increases, which promotes melting of vanadium ions and the like, and is also useful in that respect.

FIG. 21 is a solution and solvent diagram for the second to fourth inventions. The base may be water, but considering the method of use, it is convenient to use a concentrated solution. Therefore, it is preferable to use a base obtained by concentrating mineral water containing vanadium such as Mt. Fuji.

FIG. 22 is an apparatus diagram of the fifth invention. There are various combinations depending on the application. Consideration is given to using existing equipment.
FIG. 23 is an apparatus diagram for grooving according to the fifth aspect of the invention. The effective radiation dose was proposed by grooving the solution with contaminated inorganic waste such as rubble, earth and sand, and metals. It is recommended that contaminated organic waste be treated with the low temperature pyrolysis apparatus described in the seventh to ninth inventions.

FIG. 24 is an apparatus diagram of the sixth invention. Using n neodymium magnet pairs, the NS counter electrode distance is brought close to 5 mm, which is the strongest magnetic field, and the fluid moves through n gaps that become strong magnetic fields, and the solution inlet of the nanobubble generator, or Outlet, or. It is a device that is integrated and installed near the inlet from the solution storage tank to the pump or near the outlet from the pump.

FIG. 25 is an explanation of a method for reducing the amount of space radiation for contaminated soil.
By spraying, spreading, and pouring a large amount of the decontamination solution on site, cesium is adsorbed from the clay near the ground surface, penetrates to the ground layer away from the surface layer, and even if it does not peel off, a thin film such as vanadium at the same time Γ rays can be effectively converted as the redox power of farmland. In other words, the cost is so low that no comparison is required and no comparison is made, and contaminants can be removed and reduced from the clay particles without reducing the geological power.
Furthermore, the present invention can be easily applied to hot spots such as ridges and gutters around the field where the surface soil cannot be peeled off.
If you are obsessed with the removal of cesium, you can deal with it by using a device that sequentially puts the surface soil of Tabata into a large tank filled with the solution and cleans it.

  For contaminated soil that has already accumulated in the temporary storage area, and for contaminated soil that has a high degree of adsorption and has to be accumulated in the storage area, as shown in FIG. 26, the contaminated soil is coated with this solution in the temporary storage area, and Reduce space radiation. This is important for the residents who are going home to the land around the temporary storage area.

FIG. 27 is an explanation of a method for reducing the amount of space radiation for contaminated buildings and roads. Debris can be easily decontaminated by spraying, spraying, pouring, etc., between the roof tiles of buildings, scratches, cracks, seams, etc., where clay and dust are likely to become hot spots. Roads can also be reduced without dust rising, and on roads with scratches and cracks on the surface, permeable paved roads, and interlocking with gaps. In addition, it is possible to easily decontaminate and reduce the amount of space radiation, such as a road surrounding area and a gutter that occupy a considerable area that is low in cost and easily becomes a hot spot.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a method for reducing the amount of space radiation for a contaminated forest. At present, removal of fallen leaves several tens of meters from the road is regarded as important, but a large rescue fire truck used in an accident at a nuclear power plant, an automatic rotating sprinkler using a crane, etc., a large sprayer, etc. A wide range of decontamination should be attempted from the heights of the mountains. It is possible to decontaminate a vast forest and reduce the amount of space radiation by using a device that sprays water over a wide range of fields. For the fallen leaves and the like, the volume can be greatly reduced by using the apparatus described in the seventh invention. In addition, as in the case of contaminated clay soil (75 μm or less), it is not necessary to separate and store the fallen leaves at a separate location at a huge cost as a contaminant.

FIG. 29 is a method diagram for the seventh invention. For contaminated waste with a high water content, which is the greatest weakness of this low-temperature heat treatment device, the moisture is adjusted by mixing sawdust, etc., and then the device of the sixth invention is used. Can be reduced. Although it is a low-temperature treatment and there is no concern about vaporization of cesium, it is necessary to consider cesium leaking together with the fumes, and this is also cooled by spraying this solution on the flue gas, adsorbing and solidifying to zeolite fine powder, and lower solution Take measures to effectively convert gamma rays by photocatalysis in the layer and reduce the air dose.

FIG. 30 is an apparatus diagram of the eighth invention. The low-temperature pyrolysis apparatus main body is characterized in that a conventional part is provided with an air curtain at a waste intake and a part to be dried with a dryer warm air-like one for drying.

FIG. 31 is an apparatus diagram of the ninth invention. A device as described in the fifth aspect of the invention is provided at the air intake of the drying dryer warm air heater for the air curtain at the waste intake, and the thermal decomposition function is improved by the action of the paramagnetic nature of oxygen atoms when air flows in the strong magnetic field. It is a feature.

FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram for reducing the volume of contaminated sludge using the apparatuses according to the seventh to ninth aspects of the invention. It is possible to detoxify and reduce the volume of waste containing difficult-to-decompose substances such as dioxins, trace amounts of PCBs, radioactive substances, etc., which are thought to have been generated in large quantities in the recent earthquake disaster, without using large-scale equipment. it can.

FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram of a method for treating contaminated plants, clothing, and other organic substances.

FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram of a pollutant volume reduction method for contaminated plants, cow dung, and the like. As with organic materials such as clothing, most can be decontaminated and reduced in volume. It is not necessary to isolate them as radioactive materials, resulting in enormous cost savings.

FIG. 35 is an explanation of a method for reducing the amount of space radiation and reducing the volume of pollutants for contaminated felled wood and bark. The apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the invention can be used for decontamination and volume reduction without installing a small incinerator with a large bag filter or the like.

FIG. 36 is a method diagram for the tenth invention.

FIG. 37 is an explanatory diagram of the tenth invention. By absorbing the radioactive material leaking from the broken building part of this nuclear accident and reducing the amount of radiation in the air, the cause of future radioactive material scattering can be eliminated.

Radioactive material scattering treatment, air dose reduction measures, and radioactive waste volume reduction measures can be used not only for the treatment of hard-to-decompose substances such as PCBs.

1 Cesium
2 Oxygen
3 Hydrogen
4 Water 5 Mineral water 6 Potassium 7 Transition elements (vanadium, etc.)
8 Calcium 9 Ammonium ion 10 Photocatalyst (titanium oxide, etc.)
11 Inorganic porous fine particles) (Zeolite, calcined scallops, etc.)
12 Solution Stirring Storage Container 13 Concentrated Solution 14 Plug 15 Nano Bubble Generator 16 Solution Inflow Hose 17 Trace Air Intake 18 Nano Bubble (Cavity)
19 Nano bubble mixed solution discharge hose 20 Fluid moving device in strong magnetic field 21 Permanent magnet such as neodymium 22 Fluid intake 23 Gap between N pole and S pole (about 5 mm)
24 Magnet fixed frame 25 Strong magnetic field generating multi-gap device outer wall 26 Strong magnetic field generating device and piping, hose coupling fitting 27 Strong magnetic field passing fluid 28 Pump (engine, motor, human power)
29 Hose 30 for spraying, sprinkling, etc. Small sprayer 31 Large sprayer using tractor, etc. 32 Small sprinkler 33 Rotating automatic sprinkler 34 Road sprinkler 35 Fire pump utilizing water sprinkler 36 Airport large rescue fire truck utilizing sprinkler 37 Rotating for high place Automatic watering machine
38 Helicopter-use sprinkler 39 Injector 40 Grooving container 41 Organic radioactive contaminants (wood, clothing, sludge, etc.)
42 Inorganic radioactive contaminants (metal, rock, soil, etc.)
43 Low temperature pyrolysis device 44 Inflow air 45 Outer wall 46 Inflow air magnetizing device 47 Inflow air piping 48 Organic radioactive contaminant inlet 49 Sealed door 50 In-furnace air remagnetization device 51 Utilization drying device 52 such as hot air dryer Air curtain 53 Drying block with many water-containing pollutants
54 Contaminant extrusion additional rod 55 Drying chamber lower door
56 Dry layer 57 Carbonized layer 58 Decomposed layer 59 Ion ceramic ash
60 Exhaust cylinder 61 Solvent spray, exhaust cooler 62 Liquefied hazardous substance adsorbent particles 63 Solution layer 64 Light source for photocatalyst (black light, etc.)
65 Exhaust gas high-performance photocatalyst final detoxification device 66 Displacement adjustment fan 67 Exhaust port 68 Nuclear power plant building 69 Explosion accident location (radioactive material outflow location)
70 Gas outflow control cylinder 71 Fixed ladder (ladder car, crane car, etc.)
72 Solvent spray and sprayer for indoor use 73 Falling solvent recovery board 74 Solvent spray and sprayer for exhaust pipe 75 Solution recovery layer 76 Exhaust pipe exhaust amount adjustment fan 77 Exhaust pipe exhaust port 78 Contaminated debris 79 Contaminated soil 80 Contaminated metal 81 Other contamination Inorganic waste

Claims (11)

Inorganic porous fine powder having dissolved or suspended transition elements or transition elements and potassium or ammonium ions in mineral water or ordinary water, and having the ability to adhere radioactive fine particles, or the surface of the fine powder A solution in which inorganic porous fine powder with photocatalyst fine particles attached and solidified is made alone or simultaneously is prepared, and the solution is left as it is, the solution is flowed in a strong magnetic field, and the nanobubble device in the solution The amount of space radiation from an object is reduced by spraying, spraying, spraying, pouring, or dipping in a groove in a state where a cavity is generated or a composite state thereof. Decontamination method Decontamination solution or solvent produced and used by the method according to claim 1 The decontamination solution or solvent according to claim 2, wherein the transition element according to claim 1 is vanadium. Calcium is added to the solution described in "Claim 1", or the decontamination solution or solvent described in "Claim 2" and "Claim 3" Using the solution according to claim 1 to claim 4, storing the solution, flowing the solution in a strong magnetic field, and generating a cavity in the solution with a nanobubble generator A spatial radiation dose characterized by comprising all steps of the step of spraying, spraying, spraying, pouring or grooving the solution on the object, or by dividing into two or three steps Decontamination equipment for reduction The apparatus used in the step of flowing the solution according to claim 5 in a strong magnetic field uses n neodymium magnet pairs, and the counter electrode distance is brought closer to 5 mm, which is the strongest magnetic field, and becomes a strong magnetic field. A device in which fluid moves through n gaps, and a solution inlet or outlet of a nanobubble generator, or An apparatus that is integrated with the inlet of the solution storage tank to the pump or near the outlet of the pump. A step of pre-drying contaminated organic matter including radiation when the water content is high, a step of flowing air flowing into the pyrolysis furnace from the air intake port and the treatment product input port in a strong magnetic field, and the air A process of thermally decomposing and reducing the volume of contaminated organic matter using a solution, and a hardly decomposable substance including a radioactive substance that leaks along with flue gas from the process, and the solution according to claims 1 to 4 and the solution are activated 4 to 4 of the steps of detoxifying mainly in the liquid phase or reducing the radiation dose, and detoxifying the released gas in the gas phase using the photocatalyst and its light source, or reducing the radiation dose. A method for reducing the volume of pollutants, characterized by using a pyrolysis apparatus comprising five steps A pollutant volume reducing device, which is used in the method according to claim 7 and is constituted by the steps described in the above The apparatus used in the step of causing the air flowing into the pyrolysis furnace described in “Claim 8” to flow in a strong magnetic field is configured so that the gas flows in the strongest magnetic field described in “Claim 6”. Pyrolysis apparatus characterized in that   At the place where the radioactive material is generated, the solution and the device according to claim 1 to claim 6 are used to spray or spray water at all times, or after spraying or spraying the radioactive material-adhered fine particles. The radiation dose reduction method at the accident site characterized by reducing the radiation dose from the said particle | grains by using the processing method and apparatus after thermal decomposition | disassembly of Claim | item 7 thru | or "Claim 9" A space radiation dose reduction device for an accident scene, characterized in that it is used in the method according to claim 10 and is composed of the steps described in the same.

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