JP2014044260A - Model for puncture practice - Google Patents
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
この発明は、例えば医学・看護教育用として用いられる穿刺練習用模型に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a puncture practice model used for medical and nursing education, for example.
医学・看護教育用の穿刺練習用模型として、模擬人体組織内に模擬血管を埋設したものが知られている（特許文献１）。この従来品においては、模擬血管としてシリコーン樹脂製のチューブが用いられ、模擬人体組織としてシリコーン樹脂が用いられており、両者の密着性を高めるためにチューブの周囲にはシリコーンゲルが塗布されている。 As a puncture practice model for medical / nursing education, a model in which a simulated blood vessel is embedded in a simulated human tissue is known (Patent Document 1). In this conventional product, a silicone resin tube is used as a simulated blood vessel, a silicone resin is used as a simulated human tissue, and a silicone gel is applied around the tube to improve the adhesion between the two. .
このような従来品では、模擬人体組織と模擬血管との密着性が極めて高いので、模擬血液を流した模擬血管に穿刺しても、模擬人体組織と模擬血管との間に模擬血液が漏れ出すことはない。しかしながら、全てがシリコーン系高分子から構成されている従来品は、高価である。 In such a conventional product, the adhesion between the simulated human tissue and the simulated blood vessel is extremely high, so even if the simulated blood vessel through which the simulated blood flows is punctured, the simulated blood leaks between the simulated human tissue and the simulated blood vessel. There is nothing. However, conventional products that are all composed of silicone-based polymers are expensive.
これに対して、より安価な模擬人体組織としてハイドロゲルが注目されている。しかしながら、ハイドロゲルからなる模擬人体組織に埋設した樹脂製チューブに模擬血液を流し、当該樹脂製チューブに穿刺すると、模擬人体組織と模擬血管との間に模擬血液が漏れ出してしまう。これは一般的な樹脂が疎水性であり、ハイドロゲルと馴染みにくいからである。 On the other hand, hydrogel has attracted attention as a cheaper simulated human tissue. However, if simulated blood is poured into a resin tube embedded in a simulated human tissue made of hydrogel and the resin tube is punctured, the simulated blood leaks between the simulated human tissue and the simulated blood vessel. This is because a general resin is hydrophobic and is not compatible with hydrogel.
この馴染みにくいを改善するために、樹脂製チューブ表面にプラズマ処理することによりぬれ性を増加させたり、シランカップリング剤等の接着助剤を用いたりすることも考えられるが、その効果は限定的であり、多様なハイドロゲルと樹脂性チューブに適用可能な技術は未だ知られていない。 In order to improve this unfamiliarity, it is possible to increase the wettability by plasma treatment on the resin tube surface or use an adhesion aid such as a silane coupling agent, but the effect is limited. However, the technology applicable to various hydrogels and resin tubes is not yet known.
そこで本発明は、安価な材料を用いつつ、穿刺しても模擬人体組織と模擬血管の間から液漏れが起こらない穿刺練習用模型を提供すべく図ったものである。 Accordingly, the present invention is intended to provide a puncture practice model that uses an inexpensive material and does not leak liquid between the simulated human body tissue and the simulated blood vessel even when punctured.
すなわち本発明に係る穿刺練習用模型は、ハイドロゲルからなる模擬人体組織と、当該模擬人体組織に埋設された樹脂製チューブからなる模擬血管とを備えた穿刺練習用模型であって、前記樹脂製チューブ表面には多孔質粉末が固着された接着剤層が形成されており、前記ハイドロゲルと前記接着剤層が形成された前記樹脂製チューブとが前記多孔質粉末を介して接合されていることを特徴とする。 That is, the puncture practice model according to the present invention is a puncture practice model including a simulated human tissue made of hydrogel and a simulated blood vessel made of a resin tube embedded in the simulated human tissue, An adhesive layer to which a porous powder is fixed is formed on the tube surface, and the hydrogel and the resin tube on which the adhesive layer is formed are joined via the porous powder. It is characterized by.
このようなものであれば、前記多孔質粉末を介して前記ハイドロゲルと前記接着剤層が形成された前記樹脂製チューブとが接合することにより、前記多孔質粉末がアンカー効果を発揮することにより、前記ハイドロゲルと前記接着剤層が形成された前記樹脂製チューブとを液密に接合することができるので、穿刺しても模擬人体組織と模擬血管との間に模擬血液が漏れ出すことを防ぐことができる。 If it is such, when the said hydrogel and the said resin-made tube in which the said adhesive bond layer was formed joined via the said porous powder, the said porous powder exhibits an anchor effect. Since the hydrogel and the resin tube on which the adhesive layer is formed can be liquid-tightly bonded, the simulated blood leaks between the simulated human tissue and the simulated blood vessel even when punctured. Can be prevented.
前記多孔質粉末としては、表面にゲル化層が形成されているものを用いることもできる。このようなものであれば、より接合性を高めることが可能である。 As the porous powder, those having a gelled layer formed on the surface can also be used. If it is such, it is possible to improve bondability more.
本発明に係る穿刺練習用模型において用いられている、ハイドロゲルと樹脂成形体とを接合する方法は、他の用途にも用いることができ、この接合方法もまた本発明の一つである。すなわち本発明に係る接合方法は、ハイドロゲルと樹脂成形体とを接合する方法であって、前記樹脂成形体表面に接着剤を塗布して接着剤層を形成する工程と、前記接着剤層が硬化する前に前記接着剤層表面に多孔質粉末を散布して、前記接着剤層に多孔質粉末を固着させる工程と、前記多孔質粉末が固着された前記接着剤層表面に前記ハイドロゲルを設ける工程とを備えていることを特徴とする。 The method of joining the hydrogel and the resin molding used in the puncture practice model according to the present invention can be used for other purposes, and this joining method is also one aspect of the present invention. That is, the bonding method according to the present invention is a method of bonding a hydrogel and a resin molded body, wherein a step of applying an adhesive to the surface of the resin molded body to form an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer includes Before curing, the step of spreading the porous powder on the surface of the adhesive layer to fix the porous powder to the adhesive layer, and the hydrogel on the surface of the adhesive layer to which the porous powder is fixed And a step of providing.
このような構成を有する本発明によれば、模擬人体組織として安価なハイドロゲルを用いても、模擬人体組織と樹脂製チューブからなる模擬血管との接合性が向上し、穿刺による模擬人体組織と模擬血管との間からの液漏れを防ぐことができる。 According to the present invention having such a configuration, even if an inexpensive hydrogel is used as a simulated human tissue, the connectivity between the simulated human tissue and the simulated blood vessel made of a resin tube is improved, and the simulated human tissue by puncture Liquid leakage from the simulated blood vessel can be prevented.
以下に本発明の一実施形態に係る穿刺練習用模型１について図面を参照して説明する。なお、当該実施形態は本発明に係る穿刺練習用模型の一例にすぎず、本発明は当該実施形態により何ら限定されるものではない。 A puncture practice model 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiment is merely an example of a puncture practice model according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
本実施形態に係る穿刺練習用模型１は、図１に示すように、上面を開口させた容器２と、当該容器２内に充填された模擬人体組織３と、模擬人体組織３に埋設された模擬血管４と、模擬血管４の一端に設けられた注入弁５を付設させた管６と、模擬血管４の他端に設けられた排出弁７を取り付けた管８と、を備えている。当該穿刺練習用模型１を使用する際には、注入弁５及び排出弁７を「開」の状態とし、注入弁５側から注入器を用いて水を注入し、排出弁７から水が排出されたことを確認して双方の弁５、７を閉じて、管６、８及び模擬血管４内へ水を充填する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the puncture practice model 1 according to the present embodiment is embedded in a container 2 whose upper surface is opened, a simulated human tissue 3 filled in the container 2, and the simulated human tissue 3. A simulated blood vessel 4, a tube 6 provided with an injection valve 5 provided at one end of the simulated blood vessel 4, and a tube 8 provided with a discharge valve 7 provided at the other end of the simulated blood vessel 4 are provided. When using the puncture practice model 1, the injection valve 5 and the discharge valve 7 are in an “open” state, water is injected from the injection valve 5 side using an injector, and water is discharged from the discharge valve 7. After confirming this, both valves 5 and 7 are closed, and the tubes 6 and 8 and the simulated blood vessel 4 are filled with water.
模擬人体組織３は、ハイドロゲルからなるものである。当該ハイドロゲルとしては、例えば、ＣＭＣ（カルボキシメチルセルロース）、アルギン酸類、ゼラチン、寒天等の多糖類、ＰＶＡ（ポリビニルアルコール）、ポリアクリル酸等の水溶性高分子を母体とするものが挙げられる。 The simulated human body tissue 3 is made of hydrogel. Examples of the hydrogel include those based on water-soluble polymers such as polysaccharides such as CMC (carboxymethylcellulose), alginic acids, gelatin, and agar, PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), and polyacrylic acid.
模擬血管４は、樹脂製チューブからなるものである。当該チューブを構成する樹脂としては、例えば、シリコーン樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエステル、ナイロンをはじめとするポリアミド等が挙げられる。 The simulated blood vessel 4 is made of a resin tube. Examples of the resin constituting the tube include silicone resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyamide such as nylon, and the like.
模擬血管４表面には、更に接着剤層４１と、接着剤層４１表面に固定された多孔質粉末４２とが設けられている。 On the simulated blood vessel 4 surface, an adhesive layer 41 and a porous powder 42 fixed on the surface of the adhesive layer 41 are further provided.
接着剤層４１を構成する接着剤としては、模擬血管４を構成する樹脂製チューブに対して接着性を有するものであれば特に限定されずに用いることができる。 As an adhesive which comprises the adhesive bond layer 41, if it has adhesiveness with respect to the resin-made tubes which comprise the simulated blood vessel 4, it can use without being specifically limited.
多孔質粉末４２としては、例えば、シリカゲル、珪藻土、ハイドロキシアパタイト（リン酸カルシウム）、ゼオライト、ガラスビーズ等が挙げられる。多孔質粉末４２の粒径としては、例えば、５０〜１５０μｍ程度であり、１００μｍ程度の粒径を有する多孔質粉末４２が好適に用いられる。 Examples of the porous powder 42 include silica gel, diatomaceous earth, hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate), zeolite, and glass beads. The particle size of the porous powder 42 is, for example, about 50 to 150 μm, and the porous powder 42 having a particle size of about 100 μm is preferably used.
模擬血管４表面に多孔質粉末４２が固定された接着剤層４１を形成するには以下のようにすればよい。まず、樹脂製チューブに所望の接着剤を塗布し、次いで、当該接着剤が硬化する前に接着剤の上から多孔質粉末４２を散布して、接着剤層４１に多孔質粉末を固着させる。接着剤はその後剥がれないように、完全に硬化させる。そして、樹脂製チューブ表面に多孔質粉末４２が固定された接着剤層４１を形成した後、樹脂製チューブを容器２に貫通させ、当該容器２内にハイドロゲルの原料ゾルを充填し固化することにより、本実施形態に係る穿刺練習用模型１を作製することができる。 The adhesive layer 41 having the porous powder 42 fixed on the surface of the simulated blood vessel 4 may be formed as follows. First, a desired adhesive is applied to the resin tube, and then, before the adhesive is cured, the porous powder 42 is sprayed from above the adhesive to fix the porous powder to the adhesive layer 41. The adhesive is completely cured so that it does not peel off afterwards. And after forming the adhesive layer 41 by which the porous powder 42 was fixed to the resin-made tube surface, the resin-made tube is penetrated to the container 2, the raw material sol of hydrogel is filled in the said container 2, and it solidifies. Thus, the puncture practice model 1 according to the present embodiment can be produced.
本実施形態に係る穿刺練習用模型１では、多孔質粉末４２を介して模擬人体組織３と接着剤層４１が形成された模擬血管４とが液密に接合されている。このメカニズムとしては、（１）物理的な作用と、（２）化学的な作用が挙げられる。 In the puncture practice model 1 according to the present embodiment, the simulated human tissue 3 and the simulated blood vessel 4 on which the adhesive layer 41 is formed are joined in a liquid-tight manner via the porous powder 42. This mechanism includes (1) physical action and (2) chemical action.
（１）物理的な作用では、接着剤層４１表面に固着させた多孔質粉末４２の細孔内に模擬人体組織３を構成するハイドロゲルが浸透することにより、ハイドロゲルと多孔質粉末４２とが絡み合い、アンカー効果によって模擬人体組織３と模擬血管４とが液密に接合されると考えられる。 (1) In the physical action, the hydrogel constituting the simulated human tissue 3 penetrates into the pores of the porous powder 42 fixed to the surface of the adhesive layer 41, so that the hydrogel and the porous powder 42 It is considered that the simulated human body tissue 3 and the simulated blood vessel 4 are liquid-tightly joined by the anchor effect.
（２）化学的な作用では、接着剤層４１表面に固着させた多孔質粉末４２が、水と反応してゲル化するように、多孔質粉末４２表面に、石膏（ＣａＳＯ４）、ハイドロキシアパタイト、ＣａＣｌ２（塩化カルシウム）やＣａＳＯ４（硫酸カルシウム）等のカルシウム塩等を固着させ、模擬人体組織３を構成するアルギン酸類やＣＭＣ等の側鎖の一部をカルシウム（Ｃａ２＋）に置換し、水に不溶なゲル（Ｃａ２＋／ゲル層）を形成すると、電気的な作用によって、模擬人体組織３と模擬血管４とが液密に接合されると考えられる。 (2) In the chemical action, gypsum (CaSO 4 ), hydroxyapatite is formed on the surface of the porous powder 42 such that the porous powder 42 fixed on the surface of the adhesive layer 41 reacts with water and gels. , Calcium salts such as CaCl 2 (calcium chloride) and CaSO 4 (calcium sulfate) are fixed, and a part of side chains such as alginic acids and CMC constituting the simulated human tissue 3 are replaced with calcium (Ca 2+ ). When a water-insoluble gel (Ca 2+ / gel layer) is formed, it is considered that the simulated human tissue 3 and the simulated blood vessel 4 are liquid-tightly joined by an electrical action.
更に、（１）物理的な作用と（２）化学的な作用とを融合して、多孔質粉末４２の中にあらかじめ、カルシウム塩等を吸着させておけば、模擬人体組織３を構成するハイドロゲルが多孔質粉末４２に染み込むことにより、多孔質粉末４２がゲル化し、アンカー効果が生じ、より効果的に模擬人体組織３と模擬血管４とを接合できると考えられる。 Furthermore, if (1) physical action and (2) chemical action are fused and calcium salt or the like is adsorbed in the porous powder 42 in advance, the hydrous that constitutes the simulated human tissue 3 When the gel soaks into the porous powder 42, the porous powder 42 is gelled and an anchor effect is generated, and the simulated human tissue 3 and the simulated blood vessel 4 can be joined more effectively.
１・・・穿刺練習用模型
３・・・模擬人体組織
４・・・模擬血管
４２・・・多孔質粉末
４１・・・接着剤層
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Puncture practice model 3 ... Simulated human body tissue 4 ... Simulated blood vessel 42 ... Porous powder 41 ... Adhesive layer
Claims (3)
前記樹脂製チューブ表面には多孔質粉末が固着された接着剤層が形成されており、
前記ハイドロゲルと前記接着剤層が形成された前記樹脂製チューブとが前記多孔質粉末を介して接合されていることを特徴とする穿刺練習用模型。 A puncture practice model comprising a simulated human tissue made of hydrogel and a simulated blood vessel made of a resin tube embedded in the simulated human tissue,
An adhesive layer to which a porous powder is fixed is formed on the resin tube surface,
A puncture practice model, wherein the hydrogel and the resin tube on which the adhesive layer is formed are joined via the porous powder.
前記樹脂成形体表面に接着剤を塗布して接着剤層を形成する工程と、
前記接着剤層が硬化する前に前記接着剤層表面に多孔質粉末を散布して、前記接着剤層に多孔質粉末を固着させる工程と、
前記多孔質粉末が固着された前記接着剤層表面に前記ハイドロゲルを設ける工程とを備えていることを特徴とする接合方法。 A method of joining a hydrogel and a resin molded body,
A step of applying an adhesive to the surface of the resin molded body to form an adhesive layer;
Before the adhesive layer is cured, spraying a porous powder on the surface of the adhesive layer, and fixing the porous powder to the adhesive layer;
And a step of providing the hydrogel on the surface of the adhesive layer to which the porous powder is fixed.
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