JP2014043680A - Thin-layer dredging method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a thin-layer dredging method by which diffusion of sediment in dredging work can be suppressed with a simple structure and only sediment components of small particle diameters can be dredged.SOLUTION: A dredging device 1 comprises: a tubular container 3, which is bottomed and has a tubular shape, disposed in water so as to be movable while projecting its upper end opening on the water; and a suction tube 5 of which one end is inserted into and communicated with the inside of the tubular container 3 and the another end is inserted into a face of a bottom of water. According to a thin-layer dredging method, the dredging device 1 is used to make a water level H inside of the tubular container lower than a water level outside of the tubular container and generate negative pressure within the suction tube 5 utilizing a water head difference between the water levels inside and outside of the tubular container 3, thereby sucking sediment on a top layer of the bottom of water. A flow velocity V within the suction tube 5 is measured by flow velocity measuring means and the flow velocity B within the suction tube is controlled to be equal to or lower than a required flow velocity by flow velocity control means based on the measurement obtained by the flow velocity measuring means, thereby sucking only sediment components with diameters equal to or smaller than a required particle diameter.

Description

  The present invention relates to a dredging method for dredging sediment deposited on the bottom of water such as a harbor, and relates to a thin layer dredging method using a difference in water level between inside and outside of a cylindrical container installed in water.

  Conventional methods of dredging the bottom of a port or the like include a method using a grab dredger (see, for example, Patent Document 1), a method using a pump dredger (see, for example, Patent Document 2), and the upper end. A method is known in which a cylindrical container having an opening projecting on the water surface is used, and dredging is performed by utilizing the water head difference between the water level in the cylindrical container and the water level outside the cylindrical container (for example, a patent Reference 3).

  The dredging method utilizing the water head difference is a bottomed cylindrical container disposed in water with the upper end opening protruding above the water, one end communicating with the cylindrical container, and the other end being the bottom of the water. A suction pipe inserted into the surface layer portion, and lowering the water level in the cylindrical container from the water level outside the cylindrical container (natural water level), and using the water head difference to generate a negative pressure in the suction pipe The earth and sand on the surface of the bottom surface of water is sucked into the cylindrical container together with the surrounding water.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-060943 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-280468 Special table 2004-52877 gazette

  However, in the method using the grab dredger as described above, when the grab bucket is settled, the surrounding earth and sand rolls up, which may cause turbidity in the water area and cause the earth and sand to spread. When the soil contains contaminants, the diffusion of the soil becomes a problem.

  In addition, in such a method using a grab dredger, grab buckets grab the sediment at the bottom of the water, so to make the surface of the bottom of the water uniform and thin, the control of the grab bucket is complicated, There was a problem that it was accompanied by difficulties such as unevenness.

  In the method using the pump dredger as described above, there is a problem that it is difficult to finely adjust the suction force by the pump, and it is difficult to make the water bottom surface layer uniform and thin.

  On the other hand, in the dredging method using the water head difference between the inside and outside of the cylindrical container as described above, earth and sand components having different particle diameters such as fine particles, sand, gravel and other foreign substances are introduced into the cylindrical container through the suction pipe. Because it is aspirated, when the earth and sand sucked into the cylindrical container is separated into small particles such as fine particles, sand and fine pebbles, and large particles larger than medium pebbles, the particle size is small. Aside from the sand pump for discharging the components from the cylindrical container, a heavy machine, a belt conveyor, etc. are required to discharge the components having a large particle size from the cylindrical container. was there.

  In view of such conventional problems, the present invention has been made for the purpose of providing a thin layer dredging method capable of dripping only sediment components having a small particle diameter with a simple structure and suppressing the spread of sediment during dredging operations. Is.

  The feature of the invention according to claim 1 for solving the conventional problems as described above is that the bottomed cylindrical tubular container is disposed in the water so as to be movable in a state where the upper end opening projects into the water. Using a scissor device having one end communicated with the inside of the cylindrical container and the other end of the suction pipe inserted into the bottom surface of the water, lowering the water level in the cylindrical container from the water level outside the cylindrical container, In the thin-layer dredging method in which the sand on the surface of the bottom surface of the water is sucked through the suction pipe by generating a negative pressure in the suction pipe by utilizing the water head difference between the inside and outside water levels of the cylindrical container, the flow rate in the suction pipe The measurement means measures and the flow velocity control means controls the flow velocity in the suction pipe below the required flow velocity based on the measurement value obtained by the flow velocity measurement means, and sucks only the earth and sand components less than the required particle size.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the flow rate control means includes a water level adjusting mechanism for adjusting the water level in the cylindrical container by pouring and draining, and a preset reference cylindrical container. A resetting means for resetting the internal water level, and when the flow rate measurement means measures the flow velocity in the suction pipe by the flow velocity measurement means and the measured value by the flow velocity measurement means is faster than the required flow velocity by the water level adjustment mechanism. When water is poured into the cylindrical container and the measured value is slower than the required flow rate, the flow rate in the suction pipe is adjusted by draining from the cylindrical container, and then the cylinder after the flow rate adjustment is performed. The water level in the cylindrical container is measured, and a new reference cylindrical container water level is reset by the resetting means based on the measured value.

    According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the flow velocity control means includes an on-off valve capable of adjusting a flow rate in the middle of the suction pipe, and a measured value by the flow velocity measurement means is the required value. The flow rate is decreased by operating the on-off valve when the flow rate is faster than the flow rate of the flow rate, and the flow rate is increased by operating the on-off valve when the measured value by the flow rate measuring means is slower than the required flow rate. It is in.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first, second or third aspect, a pump is provided at the inner bottom of the cylindrical container, and the sediment component sucked into the cylindrical container by the pump is surrounded by the pump. It is to be discharged together with water.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first to third or fourth aspects, the backflow tubular container installed in water in a state where the upper end opening projects onto the water, and the backflow tubular shape An openable and closable communication path that allows the lower end of the container and the suction pipe to communicate with each other, wherein the water level in the backflow cylindrical container is higher than the water level outside the backflow cylindrical container, and the backflow cylindrical The difference is that the flow toward the bottom of the water is generated in the suction pipe by utilizing the water head difference between the water levels inside and outside the container.

  The feature of the invention described in claim 6 is that, in addition to the structure of claims 1-4 or 5, the suction port is formed in a shape opened in the horizontal direction.

  A feature of the invention described in claim 7 is that, in addition to the structure of claims 1 to 5 or 6, a filter for restricting passage of earth and sand components having a required particle size or more is provided in the suction port.

  As described above, the thin-layer dredging method according to the present invention includes a bottomed tubular container that is disposed in water so that the upper end opening protrudes above the water, and one end of the tubular container is disposed on the bottom. And using a dredge device that includes a suction pipe that is communicated with the other end and inserted into the bottom surface of the water, and lowers the water level in the cylindrical container to be lower than the water level outside the cylindrical container. In the thin-layer dredging method of sucking soil on the surface of the water bottom surface through the suction pipe by generating a negative pressure in the suction pipe using a water head difference, the flow velocity in the suction pipe is measured by a flow velocity measuring means, Based on the measured value by the flow velocity measuring means, the flow velocity control means controls the flow velocity in the suction pipe below the required flow velocity, and sucks only the earth and sand components less than the required particle size, so that the particle size is small and easy to diffuse. Diffusion and turbidity of surrounding waters Etsutsu, can be dredged uniform and thin water bottom surface portion. Moreover, there is no need to separate the earth and sand sucked into the cylindrical container, and it can be discharged only by a sand pump or the like without using a heavy machine or the like. Furthermore, since contaminants are likely to adhere to fine particles such as silt and clayey soil, by controlling the flow rate in the suction pipe and selecting only the sediment components with small particle size, It can be efficiently removed from the earth and sand.

  Further, in the present invention, the flow rate control means includes a water level adjustment mechanism that adjusts the water level in the cylindrical container by pouring and drainage, and a resetting means that resets a preset reference cylindrical container water level, While measuring the flow velocity in the suction pipe by the flow velocity measuring means, when the measured value by the flow velocity measuring means is faster than the required flow velocity by the water level adjusting mechanism, water is poured into the cylindrical container, and the measured value is When the flow rate is slower than the required flow rate, the flow rate in the suction pipe is adjusted by draining from the cylindrical vessel, and then the water level in the cylindrical vessel after the flow rate adjustment is measured, Based on this, the resetting means resets the new reference cylindrical container water level, so that the flow velocity in the suction pipe can always be kept in an optimum state.

  In the present invention, the flow rate control means includes an on-off valve capable of adjusting a flow rate in the middle of the suction pipe, and operates the on-off valve when a measured value by the flow rate measurement means is faster than the required flow rate. The flow rate in the suction pipe is always kept in an optimal state by decreasing the flow rate and increasing the flow rate by operating the on-off valve when the measured value by the flow velocity measuring means is slower than the required flow velocity. be able to.

  Further, in the present invention, a pump is provided at the inner bottom of the cylindrical container, and the sediment component sucked into the tubular container by the pump is discharged together with the surrounding water, thereby discharging the sediment component from the cylindrical container. Can be easily performed without using large equipment such as heavy machinery.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a backflow tubular container installed in water with the upper end opening protruding above the water, and an openable and closable communication communicating the lower end of the backflow tubular container and the suction pipe. A water level in the backflow cylindrical container is made higher than the water level outside the backflow cylindrical container, and the bottom of the suction pipe is formed by utilizing a water head difference between the water level inside and outside the backflow cylindrical container. By causing the flow toward, clogging in the suction pipe can be suitably prevented.

  Moreover, in this invention, the said suction port is formed in the shape opened toward the horizontal direction, Therefore The earth-and-sand component deposited on the water bottom surface layer part can be made thin uniformly and thinly.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the suction port is provided with a filter that restricts the passage of sediment components having a particle size larger than the required particle size, thereby preventing the suction of sediment components having a large particle size and the suction control means by the flow rate control means. Since the flow rate in the pipe is controlled below the required flow rate, the filter is less likely to be clogged.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the apparatus used for the thin layer dredging method which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another example of a saddle device same as the above. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another example of a saddle device same as the above. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the particle size of a sediment component, and its sedimentation speed. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the suction operation | work in the thin layer dredging method which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows another example of the procedure of the suction operation | work in the thin layer dredging method which concerns on this invention.

  Next, an embodiment of the thin-layer wrinkle method according to the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in FIGS. In the figure, symbol A is a water bottom, symbol B is a water surface, and symbol 1 is a dredging device for dredging the water bottom A.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the dredger device 1 has a bottomed cylindrical container 3 that is installed in water so that the upper end opening 2 protrudes above the water, and a cylindrical container 3 that has one end. The other end portion having the suction port 4 communicated with the suction port 5 is inserted into the surface layer portion of the bottom of the water, and the water level H in the cylindrical container is the water level B, that is, the water level outside the cylindrical container 3 (natural water level). By making the pressure lower and generating a negative pressure in the suction pipe 5 by utilizing the water head difference between the inside and outside water levels of the cylindrical container 3, the sediment on the surface of the water bottom A together with the surrounding water is put into the cylindrical container 3 through the suction pipe 5. It comes to be sucked into.

  Further, the dredge apparatus 1 includes a flow rate measuring unit that measures a flow rate in the suction pipe 5 and a flow rate control unit that controls the flow rate in the suction pipe 5 based on a measurement value obtained by the flow rate measuring unit. Thus, the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 is controlled to be equal to or lower than the required flow velocity, and only the earth and sand components having the required particle size or less are selected and sucked.

  Further, the dredger device 1 is controlled by a control device including a computer or the like installed in a management room on the work boat 6 and performs dredging work automatically or semi-automatically.

  The cylindrical container 3 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape having an open upper end composed of a bottom portion 3a disposed on the water bottom side and a peripheral wall portion 3b having a shape raised from the periphery of the bottom portion 3a, and the upper end portion of the cylindrical container 3 is above the water. By supporting the floating work boat 6 via the connecting member 8, the relative positional relationship with the water surface B in the depth direction is kept constant, the upper end opening 2 protrudes above the water, and the inside and outside of the cylinder container 3 Are installed in the water in a state of being isolated from each other, and the cylindrical container 3 is also moved as the work ship 6 is moved.

  The cylindrical container 3 may be one provided with the buoyancy adjusting means 9 for adjusting the buoyancy in the cylindrical container 3 itself, in addition to the one supported by the work boat 6 as described above.

  As this buoyancy adjusting means 9, as shown in FIG. 2, a sealable cavity 10 is provided in the peripheral wall of the cylindrical container 3, and a filling material such as earth and sand or muddy water is poured and discharged into the cavity 10. And the like so that the buoyancy of the cylindrical container 3 itself can be adjusted.

  The cylindrical container 3 provided with the buoyancy adjusting means 9 can be moved underwater in the horizontal direction by towing by the work ship 6 or other moving means.

  The cylindrical container 3 includes a water level measuring means for measuring the water level in the cylindrical container 3, and a water level in the cylindrical container 3 by pouring and draining into the cylindrical container 3 (hereinafter referred to as a water level H in the cylindrical container). A water level adjusting mechanism that can be adjusted), and the water level H in the cylindrical container is preset by pouring and draining into the cylindrical container 3 by the water level adjusting mechanism based on the measured value obtained by the water level measuring means. The water level is adjusted within the reference cylindrical container water level range Hd <H <Hu, that is, between the set lower limit water level Hd and the set upper limit water level Hu.

  The water level measuring means includes, for example, a water pressure gauge 11 at the inner bottom portion of the cylindrical container 3, transmits the measured value of the water pressure at the inner bottom portion of the cylindrical container 3 to the control device, and converts it to the water level H in the cylindrical container by the control device. , It is displayed on the monitor.

  The water level adjusting mechanism includes, for example, a water inlet 12 that can be opened and closed on the lower side of the peripheral wall 3b, and facilitates the installation of the cylindrical container 3 in the water, and the surroundings for adjusting the water level H in the cylindrical container The water can be introduced into the cylindrical container 3.

  The water injection port 12 includes a water injection port opening / closing valve 13 that can be opened and closed by remote control, and the water injection amount into the cylindrical container 3 can be reduced by opening and closing the water injection port opening / closing valve 13 based on a command from the control device. It can be controlled.

  On the other hand, in the cylindrical container 3, a pump 14 such as a sand pump that operates based on a command from the control device is provided at the bottom, and this pump 14 constitutes a water level adjusting mechanism. The water in 3 is drained to the outside.

  The pump 14 sucks earth and sand components sucked into the cylindrical container 3 together with surrounding water, and discharges them through a discharge pipe 15 to a storage tank 16 installed on the work ship 6.

  This sand pump 14 discharges more than the total amount of suction soil volume and suction water volume determined by the suction force based on the water head difference between the inside and outside water levels of the cylindrical container 3, the diameter of the suction pipe 5 and the ground strength and water permeability of the dredging target part. Has the ability.

  The suction pipe 5 is formed in a tubular shape in the water depth direction having a suction port 4 at the lower end, supported at the upper end in communication with the cylindrical container 3 at the bottom, and the lower end at the bottom surface layer portion. Is inserted to the required depth.

  The suction port 4 may have a shape opened at the lower end in the water depth direction of the suction pipe 5 as shown in FIG. 1, and is opened toward the horizontal direction so as to correspond to the thin layer ridge as shown in FIG. The shape may be sufficient. The suction port 4 is provided with a filter 17 so as to restrict passage of earth and sand components having a required particle size or more.

  Incidentally, reference numeral 18 in the figure denotes a backflow mechanism for eliminating clogging of the filter 17.

  The reverse flow mechanism 18 is openable and closable so as to communicate the reverse flow cylindrical container 19 installed in water with the upper end opening 2 protruding above the water, and the lower end of the reverse flow cylindrical container 19 and the suction pipe 5. The water level in the backflow cylindrical container 19 is made higher than the natural water level on the water surface B, that is, the water level outside the backflow cylindrical container 19, and the water head difference between the inside and outside water levels in the backflow cylindrical container 19 is used. Thus, a flow toward the bottom of the water is generated in the suction pipe 5. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes an openable / closable valve.

  In addition, the suction pipe 5 includes a suction pipe on-off valve 22 that is opened and closed by remote operation based on a command from the control room, and a flow rate that measures a flow rate in the suction pipe 5 disposed on the water bottom side from the suction pipe on-off valve 22. Measuring means.

  The flow velocity measuring means includes a flow meter 23 disposed on the bottom of the water from the opening / closing valve 22 for the suction pipe, and a measured value measured by the flow meter 23 is constantly transmitted to the control device, and the measured value and the suction are measured by the control device. Based on the cross-sectional area of the tube 5, the flow velocity is converted and displayed on the monitor.

  In order to suck the sediment on the surface A of the bottom of the water through the suction pipe 5 into the cylindrical container 3, the flow velocity V of the water containing the sediment component flowing in the suction pipe 5 must exceed the sedimentation speed of the sediment component. Since the particle size of the component and the sedimentation speed have a relationship as shown in FIG. 4 from the Rubey's empirical formula, the sedimentation velocity of the component having the maximum particle size of the earth and sand component to be suctioned is determined based on the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5. By setting it below, only the earth and sand components of a required particle size or less can be sucked into the cylindrical container 3.

尚、ここでｋは透水係数、ｄｈは水面Ｂと筒状容器内水位Ｈとの水頭差、ｄｚは吸引管５の水底への挿入深さである。 On the other hand, the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 can be obtained by the following equation based on Darcy's law, for example.

Here, k is a water permeability coefficient, dh is a water head difference between the water surface B and the water level H in the cylindrical container, and dz is an insertion depth of the suction pipe 5 into the water bottom.

  The flow velocity V is determined by the water head difference dh, assuming that the hydraulic conductivity k and the insertion depth dz are constant. Since the relative positional relationship between the cylindrical container 3 and the water surface B is constant, the flow velocity V is determined by the water level H in the cylindrical container.

  Accordingly, the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu in the suction pipe 5 is set according to the particle size of the sediment component to be sucked, and the reference cylindrical container water level range Hd <H <Hu is set accordingly. By adjusting the water level H in the cylindrical container within the set range by the water level adjusting mechanism constituting the flow rate control means, the flow rate V in the suction pipe 5 is kept below the set required flow rate Vu, Only earth and sand components having a required particle size or less can be sucked into the cylindrical container 3.

  However, in actual dredging work, the distribution of fine particles, sand, gravel and other impurities in the surface layer of the bottom is not uniform, and the particle size distribution of each component is also diverse. Even when the water level H is adjusted within the set range, the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 may deviate from the set range.

  Therefore, when the actual flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 deviates from the set flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, in this dredging device 1, the flow velocity in the suction pipe 5 is measured by the flow velocity control means. Based on the control.

  The flow rate control means uses a water level adjusting mechanism, and when the measured flow velocity V is faster than the reference flow velocity range (V> Vu), it does not depend on the existing reference cylindrical vessel water level range Hd <H <Hu. When water is injected into the cylindrical container 3 from the water inlet and the water level is raised from the existing water level, and the measured flow velocity V is slower than the reference flow velocity range (V <Vd), water is discharged from the tubular container by the pump. The water level is lowered from the existing water level.

  The flow rate control means includes a resetting means for resetting a preset reference cylindrical container water level range Hd <H <Hu to a new reference cylindrical container water level range Hd ′ <H <Hu ′, After adjusting the flow velocity, the water level adjusting mechanism is made to pour and drain the water into the cylindrical container 3 in accordance with a new reference cylindrical container water level range Hd ′ <H <Hu ′ set by the resetting means. ing.

  As the resetting means, a control device composed of a computer or the like is used. This control device measures the water level H in the cylindrical container when the in-pipe flow velocity V satisfies the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu. Based on the measured value, a new reference cylindrical container water level range Hd ′ <H <Hu ′ is set.

  Next, a thin-layer wrinkle method using the wrinkle device 1 as described above will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated to the structure similar to the above-mentioned Example.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1, at the dredging work site, the upper end opening of the cylindrical container 3 protrudes above the water while the water inlet / outlet valve 13 of the water inlet 12 is released and water is injected into the cylindrical container 3. While being installed in water, the lower end of the suction pipe 5 is inserted into the bottom surface layer portion, and the suction operation is started.

  In this earth and sand suction operation, first, a reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu is set by inputting to the control device in accordance with the sedimentation speed of the large-diameter component among the earth and sand components to be sucked (S1).

  This reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu represents the upper limit Vu of the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, for example, when sucking only earth and sand components having a particle size of fine gravel (particle diameter 2 mm to 4.75 mm) or less. From 4 to 0.23 m / s, the lower limit Vd is set to 0.14 m / s.

  Based on the input reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, the control device calculates the water level H in the cylindrical container to satisfy the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu according to Darcy's law, and based on this, the reference tubular shape An in-container water level range Hd <H <Hu is set (S2).

  When the water level range Hd <H <Hu in the reference cylindrical container is calculated based on the above-described reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, the water permeability coefficient k of the bottom surface layer portion is 0.01 m / s, and the insertion depth dz is 0. Assuming 1 m, the lower limit Hd is a position 2.3 m from the water surface B, and the upper limit Hu is a position 1.4 m from the water surface B.

  Next, the control device compares the actual water level H in the cylindrical container measured by the water level measuring means with the reference cylindrical container water level range Hd <H <Hu (S3 to S5), and the water level H in the cylindrical container. Is less than the lower limit Hd of the reference water level range, the control device operates the water inlet opening / closing valve 13 to release the water inlet 12 and inject water by taking the surrounding water into the cylindrical container 3 (S6). ), And the operation (L1) is repeated until the water level H in the cylindrical container reaches the lower limit Hd of the reference water level range.

  When the water level H in the cylindrical container exceeds the upper limit Hu of the reference water level range, the control device closes the suction pipe on-off valve 22 of the suction port 4 (S7), and operates the sand pump 14 in that state. Then, the water is discharged from the cylindrical container 3 (S8), and the operation (L2) is repeated until the water level H in the cylindrical container is lowered below the upper limit Hu of the reference water level.

  When the actual water level H in the cylindrical container is within the reference cylindrical container water level range Hd <H <Hu, the suction pipe on-off valve 22 of the suction pipe 5 is released (S9), and the cylindrical container 3 is opened. Suction is started by operating a pump 14 such as a sand pump installed inside (S10).

  Next, when the suction is started, the flow velocity in the suction pipe 5 is measured by the flow velocity measuring means (S11), and the measured value is transmitted to the control device.

  The control device compares the measured flow velocity V with the set reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu (S12), and if the actual flow velocity V satisfies the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, the control device described above. The operations (L3) from S3 to S13 are repeated.

  On the other hand, in the series of repetitive operations (L3), when the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 deviates from the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, the flow velocity in the suction pipe 5 is controlled by the flow velocity control means.

  That is, when the actual flow velocity V is faster than the upper limit of the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, the water injection port 12 is immediately operated to release the water injection port 12 (S15). (S16), water is poured into the cylindrical container 3 to increase the water level H in the cylindrical container, and the suction difference is reduced by reducing the water head difference between the internal and external water levels of the cylindrical container 3. Is repeated until the flow velocity V falls below the upper limit Vd of the reference flow velocity range (L4), and the flow velocity V is controlled below the upper limit Vu of the reference flow velocity range, that is, the required flow velocity.

  On the other hand, when the actual flow velocity V is slower than the lower limit Vd of the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, the suction port 4 is immediately closed (S18), and the sand pump 14 is operated to operate the water in the cylindrical container 3 (S19), the water level H in the cylindrical container is lowered, the water head difference between the inside and outside of the cylindrical container 3 is increased to increase the suction force, and the suction port 4 is opened again (S20). The flow velocity V in the suction pipe is measured (S21). This operation (S18 to S22) is repeated until the actual flow velocity V exceeds the lower limit Vd of the reference flow velocity range (L5), and the flow velocity V is controlled to be equal to or higher than the lower limit Vd of the reference flow velocity range to ensure a constant suction force.

  Then, after the flow rate adjustment (L1 or L2) is completed, the water level H in the cylindrical container at that time is measured (S23), and based on the measured value, a new reference cylindrical container water level range Hd < H <Hu is reset (S24), and a series of operations S3 to S13 (L3) is performed based on the reset reference cylindrical container water level range Hd <H <Hu.

  In this way, after adjusting the flow velocity, the water level H in the cylindrical container is measured (S23), and a new reference cylindrical container water level range Hd <H <Hu is reset by the resetting unit based on the measured value. By setting (S24), it is possible to correct an error between the designed reference cylindrical container water level range Hd <H <Hu and the actual cylindrical container water level H at the actual dredging site, and to measure By resetting the reference water level range every time the flow velocity deviates from the reference flow velocity range Vd <V <Vu, the water level H in the cylindrical container is always kept at the water level for obtaining the optimum flow velocity V. ing.

  While performing such suction work, by moving the cylindrical container 3 in conjunction with the work vessel 6, only the earth and sand components having a required particle size or less that are easily diffused in the surface layer of the bottom of the water are selected and sucked. The surface layer of the bottom sediment can be dredged while suppressing the diffusion of water.

  In addition, in dredging operations for the purpose of removing contaminants, the contaminants are likely to adhere to fine particles such as silt and clayey soil, so the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 is controlled to be less than the required particle size. By selecting and dripping only sediment components having a small particle size, it is possible to efficiently remove contaminants from the bottom sediment.

  In the above-described embodiment, the method for controlling the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 by changing the water level H in the cylindrical container and resetting the reference water level range in the cylindrical container has been described. The suction pipe on-off valve 22 may be an on-off valve such as a throttle valve whose flow rate can be adjusted, and the flow rate in the suction pipe 5 may be controlled by opening and closing the suction pipe on-off valve 22 based on the procedure shown in FIG. . In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure similar to the above-mentioned Example, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  That is, at the start of suction, the suction pipe on-off valve 22 is set at an intermediate position, processed in accordance with the procedures of S3 to S12, and when the actual flow velocity V satisfies the reference flow velocity range, this series of operations is performed. Repeat (L3).

  On the other hand, when the actual flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 obtained by the flow velocity measuring means is faster than the upper limit Vu of the set reference flow velocity range, the suction pipe on-off valve 22 is closed in the closing direction while measuring the flow velocity V (S27). (S26), the flow rate in the suction pipe 5 is decreased, and this is repeated until the actual flow velocity V falls below the upper limit Vd of the reference flow velocity range (L6). That is, the flow rate is controlled below the required flow rate.

  On the other hand, when the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 obtained by the flow velocity measuring means is slower than the lower limit Vd of the set reference flow velocity range, the suction pipe on-off valve 22 is operated in the opening direction while measuring the flow speed (S30) (S29). The flow rate in the suction pipe 5 is increased, and this is repeated until the actual flow velocity V exceeds the lower limit Vd of the reference flow velocity range (L7), and the flow velocity V is controlled to be equal to or higher than the lower limit Vd of the reference flow velocity range. Ensuring the suction power.

  Note that the control of the flow velocity V in the suction pipe 5 by the flow velocity control means is not limited to the above-described procedure, and any control is possible as long as it is controlled based on the measurement device by the flow velocity measurement means.

A Water bottom B Water surface 1 Dredge device 2 Upper end opening 3 Tubular container 4 Suction port 5 Suction pipe 6 Work boat 7 Management room 8 Connecting member 9 Buoyancy adjustment means 10 Cavity 11 Water pressure gauge 12 Water inlet 13 Water inlet / outlet valve 14 Pump 15 Discharge Pipe 16 Storage Tank 17 Filter 18 Backflow Mechanism 19 Backflow Cylindrical Container 20 Communication Path 21 On-off Valve 22 Suction Pipe On-off Valve 23 Flowmeter

Claims (7)

A bottomed cylindrical container disposed in water so that the upper end opening protrudes above the water, and a suction where one end communicates with the cylindrical container and the other end is inserted into the bottom surface of the water Using a dredge device comprising a pipe, lowering the water level in the cylindrical container to be lower than the water level outside the cylindrical container, and generating a negative pressure in the suction pipe by utilizing a water head difference between the water levels inside and outside the cylindrical container In the thin-layer dredging method for sucking the sand on the surface of the bottom surface of the water through the suction pipe,
The flow velocity in the suction pipe is measured by the flow velocity measuring means, and the flow velocity in the suction pipe is controlled below the required flow velocity by the flow velocity control means on the basis of the measured value by the flow velocity measuring means, and only the sediment component having the particle diameter below the required particle size is controlled. A thin-layer scissor method characterized by sucking. The flow rate control means includes a water level adjustment mechanism that adjusts the water level in the cylindrical container by pouring and drainage, and a resetting means that resets a preset reference water level in the cylindrical container,
While measuring the flow velocity in the suction pipe by the flow velocity measuring means, when the measured value by the flow velocity measuring means is faster than the required flow velocity by the water level adjusting mechanism, water is poured into the cylindrical container, and the measured value is When the flow rate is slower than the required flow rate, the flow rate in the suction pipe is adjusted by draining from the cylindrical container,
Thereafter, the water level in the cylindrical container after the flow velocity adjustment is measured, and a new reference cylindrical container water level is reset by the resetting means based on the measured value.浚 渫 Method. The flow rate control means includes an on-off valve capable of adjusting the flow rate in the middle of the suction pipe, and when the measured value by the flow rate measurement means is faster than the required flow rate, the on-off valve is operated to reduce the flow rate. ,
The thin-layer dredge method according to claim 1, wherein when the measured value by the flow velocity measuring means is slower than the required flow velocity, the flow rate is increased by operating the on-off valve.   The thin-layer dredging method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a pump is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical container, and the earth and sand component sucked into the cylindrical container by the pump is discharged together with surrounding water.   A reverse flow cylindrical container installed in water in a state in which the upper end opening protrudes above the water, and an openable and closable communication path that connects the lower end of the reverse flow cylindrical container and the suction pipe. The water level in the tubular container for use is made higher than the water level outside the tubular container for reverse flow, and the water head difference between the water levels inside and outside the tubular container for reverse flow is used to generate a flow toward the bottom in the suction pipe. The thin-layer wrinkle method according to claim 1 or 3.   The thin-layer punching method according to claim 1, wherein the suction port is formed in a shape opened in a horizontal direction. The thin-layer dredging method according to claim 1, wherein a filter for restricting passage of earth and sand components having a particle size greater than or equal to a required particle diameter is provided at the suction port.

Images