JP2014025316A - Building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a temperature change in an underfloor space by effectively using heat in the ground.SOLUTION: A building structure includes an underfloor space 5 enclosed by a foundation 2 and a floor 3. The foundation 2 is provided with a heat insulating material 8 which blocks heat transmitted from the outside of a building to the underfloor space 5. The underfloor space 5 is provided with a heat exchange part 21. The heat exchange part 21 includes an underground heat transmission part 23 formed of a material having excellent thermal conductivity. The underground heat transmission part 23 includes an outer underground heat transmission part 24 arranged on the foundation 2 side of the underfloor space 5, and an inner underground heat transmission part 25 arranged on the center side of the underfloor space 5. The lower end 24b of the outer underground heat transmission part 24 is located deeper in the ground than the lower end 25b of the inner underground heat transmission part 25.

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a building that can effectively use underground heat to reduce a temperature change in an underfloor space.

  Conventionally, a building structure in which a heat insulating material is attached to a foundation surrounding an underfloor space has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Such a heat insulating material can block the heat transmitted from the outside of the building to the underfloor space, so that the temperature change of the underfloor space can be reduced. Accordingly, the underfloor space can store underfloor air that is cooler than the outside air in summer and warmer than the outside air in winter.

  Moreover, the air stored in the underfloor space is supplied to a living room, for example, and used as ventilation or initial cooling / heating. Thus, in order to use the air in the underfloor space for the living room, it is desired to make the temperature change in the underfloor space smaller.

JP 2005-42958 A

  The present invention has been devised in view of the actual situation as described above, and the lower end of the outer ground heat conduction portion disposed on the foundation side of the underfloor space is arranged on the inner ground heat disposed on the center side of the underfloor space. The main purpose is to provide a building structure that can effectively utilize the underground heat and further reduce the temperature change of the underfloor space, based on being located deeper in the ground than the lower end of the conductive part. It is said.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a structure of a building having an underfloor space surrounded by a foundation and a floor, and the foundation is a heat insulating material that blocks heat transmitted from the outside of the building to the underfloor space. The underfloor space is provided with a heat exchanging portion, the heat exchanging portion is arranged such that the upper end side can exchange heat with the air in the underfloor space, and the lower end side is in the ground below the underfloor space. Including an underground heat conduction portion that is arranged to be capable of exchanging heat with heat and that has good thermal conductivity, and the underground heat conduction portion is an outer ground heat that is arranged on the base side of the underfloor space. A conduction part and an inner ground heat conduction part disposed closer to the center side of the underfloor space than the outer ground heat conduction part, and the lower end of the outer ground heat conduction part is the inner ground heat It is characterized by being located deeper in the ground than the lower end of the conductive portion.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the building structure according to claim 1, wherein the underfloor space is an underground structure in which the bottom surface is located below the ground surface.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer ground heat conduction part and the inner ground heat conduction part are rod-like bodies extending between the upper end and the lower end. This is the structure.

  In the invention according to claim 4, the outside temperature of the lower side of the outer ground heat conduction part is outside only in the winter when the ground temperature of the lower side of the inner side ground heat conduction part is lower. Outer heat shield means for preventing heat exchange between the underground heat conduction part and the air in the underfloor space, and the underground temperature at the lower end of the inner underground heat conduction part is set at the lower end of the outer underground heat conduction part. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inner heat shield means for preventing heat exchange between the inner underground heat conduction portion and the air in the underfloor space is provided only in summer when the temperature is higher than the underground temperature. This is the structure.

  The building structure of the present invention is provided with a basic heat insulating material that blocks heat transmitted from the outside of the building to the underfloor space. Such a heat insulating material can make the temperature change of underfloor space small.

  Furthermore, the heat exchange part is provided in the underfloor space. This heat exchanging portion includes an underground heat conduction portion whose upper end side is arranged so as to be able to exchange heat with the air in the underfloor space, and whose lower end side is arranged so as to be able to exchange heat with the underground heat below the underfloor space. Moreover, the underground heat conduction part is made of a material having good heat conductivity. Such an underground heat conduction part can exchange heat between the air in the underfloor space and the underground heat having a small temperature change throughout the year, and can further reduce the temperature change in the underfloor space.

  The underground heat conduction part includes an outer ground heat conduction part disposed on the foundation side of the underfloor space, and an inner ground heat conduction part disposed on the center side of the underfloor space with respect to the outer ground heat conduction part. including. In the ground, there is a hard layer where the temperature is almost constant (for example, about ± 1.0 ° C.) throughout the year, although it is affected by outside air conditions and temperature changes of the building above it. In the non-facilitated layer below the building, the foundation side of the underfloor space that is easily affected by outside air conditions tends to be located deeper in the ground than the center side of the underfloor space. For this reason, in the present invention, the lower end of the outer ground heat conduction portion is positioned deeper in the ground than the lower end of the inner ground heat conduction portion, and is brought closer to the non-prone layer. As a result, both the inner underground heat conduction part and the outer underground heat conduction part can effectively exchange heat between the air in the underfloor space and the vicinity of the non-prone layer, and further reduce the temperature change in the underfloor space. be able to.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the building of embodiment of this invention. It is the elements on larger scale of the underfloor space of FIG. It is a top view of underfloor space. It is sectional drawing which shows a heat-shielding means. (A) is sectional drawing which shows underfloor space in winter, (b) is sectional drawing which shows underfloor space in summer.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the building structure of this embodiment can be applied to a building B such as a house or a building, for example. The building B of the present embodiment has a foundation 2 that supports a base, an outer wall, and the like, a floor 3 on the first floor that is supported by the foundation 2, and an underfloor space 5 that is surrounded by the foundation 2 and the floor 3. .

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the foundation 2 is continuously arranged on the outer periphery of the building B. The foundation 2 of this embodiment is made of reinforced concrete. The base 2 includes a base portion 2A extending horizontally in the ground G and a rising portion 2B extending upward from a substantially center in the width direction of the base portion 2A. That is, the foundation 2 of this embodiment is a cloth foundation formed in a T-shaped cross section.

  The rising portion 2B protrudes at a small height from the ground surface GL, which is a ground line serving as a reference for the vertical height of the building B. The rising portion 2B is arranged so as to surround the underfloor space 5. A base 6 is fixed to the upper surface side of the rising portion 2B. Further, an outer wall 7 is fixed to the base 6.

  A heat insulating material 8 is provided on the rising portion 2B of the foundation 2 of the present embodiment. The heat insulating material 8 includes a vertical portion 8A extending vertically along the rising portion 2B, an upper portion 8B extending horizontally along the upper surface of the rising portion 2B, and horizontally extending from the lower end side of the vertical portion 8A toward the underfloor space 5 side. And a horizontal portion 8C that extends.

  The vertical portion 8A extends along the side surface of the rising portion 2B on the underfloor space 5 side. The upper end of the vertical portion 8A is in contact with the lower surface of the upper portion 8B. On the other hand, the lower end of the vertical portion 8 </ b> A is in contact with the bottom surface 5 b of the underfloor space 5. Thus, the vertical portion 8A is disposed on the side surface of the rising portion 2B without any gap.

  The upper portion 8B extends from the underfloor space 5 side to the outdoor side So along the upper surface of the rising portion 2B. Further, the upper end of the upper portion 8B is in contact with the lower surface of the floor 3. As described above, the upper portion 8B is disposed between the floor 3 and the rising portion 2B without any gap.

  The horizontal portion 8C extends along the bottom surface 5b of the underfloor space 5 from the vertical portion 8A toward the underfloor space 5 side. Moreover, the horizontal part 8C is arrange | positioned so that removal from the bottom face 5b is possible. Accordingly, the horizontal portion 8C is useful for spraying the termite-proofing agent and the like on the bottom surface 5b and the like by being removed from the bottom surface 5b.

  Such a heat insulating material 8 can block heat transmitted from the outside of the building to the underfloor space 5 via the foundation 2. Thereby, the heat insulating material 8 can make the temperature change of the underfloor space 5 small. Accordingly, the underfloor space 5 can stably hold warm air in summer and warm air in winter. In addition, for the heat insulating material 8, for example, a plate-like material such as polystyrene foam, urethane foam, or phenol foam having excellent heat resistance and impact resistance is suitably employed. The thickness T1 of the heat insulating material 8 is desirably set to about 40 to 60 mm, for example.

  The building structure of the present embodiment is provided with blower means (not shown) for supplying the air in the underfloor space 5 with a small temperature change to the living room. Thereby, the load of air-conditioning equipment, such as an air conditioner of a living room, is reduced effectively. In addition, the rising part 2B of the foundation 2 is provided with a ventilation port (not shown) through which outside air is introduced. The opening area of this ventilation port is set to such an extent that the temperature change of the underfloor space 5 is minimized.

  Since the heat insulating material 8 can insulate the underfloor space 5 effectively, the temperature change of the underground G below the underfloor space 5 can also be reduced. As shown in gray in FIG. 1, the underground G is affected by the outside air condition and the temperature change of the building B above, but the temperature is substantially constant throughout the year (for example, ± 1.0). There is a non-facilitating layer 26 that is approximately (° C.). In the present embodiment, due to the high thermal insulation of the underfloor space 5, the non-facilitated layer 26 (region surrounded by the isothermal line 26b) is compared with the non-problem layer 26 (region surrounded by the isothermal line 26a) below the conventional building. It can be raised to the underfloor space 5 side. Such a rise of the non-facilitating layer 26 is useful for efficiently exchanging heat with the heat of the underground G in the heat exchanging section 21 described later.

  As shown in FIG. 2, under the floor space 5, for example, a ground crushed stone 9, an ant-proof moisture-proof sheet 10, and dirt concrete 11 are laid. The bottom surface 5 b of the underfloor space 5 is formed on the upper surface of the soil concrete 11.

  The underfloor space 5 is provided with, for example, a plurality of bundles 15 protruding upward from the bottom surface 5 b and a large pull 16 supported by the bundle 15. The floor 3 is supported by the bundle 15 and the large pull 16.

  The underfloor space 5 of the present embodiment is provided with a heat exchanging portion 21 capable of exchanging heat between the heat of the underground G and the air of the underfloor space 5. The heat exchanging portion 21 of the present embodiment includes a bottom heat exchanging portion 22 that exchanges heat at the bottom surface 5b of the underfloor space 5, and an underground heat conduction portion 23 embedded in the underground G below the bottom surface 5b. .

  The bottom surface heat exchanging portion 22 is composed of a bottom surface 5 b (underground concrete 11) of the underfloor space 5 that is not covered with the heat insulating material 8. Such a bottom surface heat exchanging unit 22 can transmit the heat of the underground G to the underfloor space 5 over a wide range via the bottom surface 5 b of the underfloor space 5. Therefore, the bottom surface heat exchange unit 22 is useful for reducing the temperature change of the underfloor space 5.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the non-problem layer 26 can be raised toward the underfloor space 5, so that the bottom heat exchanging unit 22 can also perform heat exchange near the non-problem layer 26. Therefore, the bottom surface heat exchange unit 22 can further reduce the temperature change of the underfloor space 5.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the underfloor space 5 preferably has an underground structure in which the bottom surface 5b is located below the ground surface GL. Thereby, since the bottom face heat exchange part 22 can approach the non-promoting layer 26 (shown in FIG. 1), the temperature change of the underfloor space 5 can be further reduced. In addition, as for the depth D between the ground surface GL and the bottom face 5b, 200-500 mm is desirable, for example.

  In the present embodiment, the underground heat conduction unit 23 is formed of a rod-like body, and linearly extends between the upper end 23a and the lower end 23b. The rod-shaped body of the present embodiment has a substantially circular cross section. Moreover, in order to increase the surface area of the underground heat conduction part 23, unevenness | corrugation, a fin, etc. may be provided in the upper end 23a, the lower end 23b, and the side surface 23s. Furthermore, the underground heat conduction part 23 is made of a material having good heat conductivity. The material of the underground heat conduction part 23 is not particularly limited, but for example, it is desirable to employ a metal such as steel, aluminum, or copper. Furthermore, as for the heat conductivity of the underground heat conduction part 23, about 50-370 W / (m * K) is desirable, for example.

  In the present embodiment, the upper end 23 a of the underground heat conduction unit 23 is located in the underfloor space 5. On the other hand, the lower end 23b side of the underground heat conduction part 23 is buried in the underground G below the bottom surface 5b. Thereby, the underfloor space 5 can exchange heat with the heat of the underground G below the underfloor space 5 not only through the bottom surface heat exchanging portion 22 but also through the underground heat conduction portion 23. Therefore, the underground heat conduction part 23 can further reduce the temperature change of the underfloor space 5.

  In order to effectively exhibit such an action, the outer diameter E1 of the underground heat conduction part 23 is desirably 50 to 300 mm. If the outer diameter E1 is less than 200 mm, the underground heat conduction unit 23 may not be able to sufficiently exchange heat between the air in the underfloor space 5 and the heat of the underground G. Conversely, even if the outer diameter E1 exceeds 300 mm, the manufacturing cost of the underground heat conduction part 23 may increase.

  Moreover, as for the length L1 from the upper end 23a of the underground heat conduction part 23 to the bottom face 5b, 100-200 mm is desirable. When the length L1 is less than 100 mm, there is a possibility that heat cannot be sufficiently exchanged between the upper end 23a side of the underground heat conduction portion 23 and the air in the underfloor space 5. On the contrary, even if the length L1 exceeds 200 mm, the underground heat conduction part 23 protrudes greatly upward from the bottom surface 5b, and the maintainability of the underfloor space 5 may be deteriorated.

  Furthermore, it is desirable that the length L2 from the lower end 23b to the bottom surface 5b of the underground heat conduction portion 23 is appropriately set in consideration of the geology of the land to be constructed, the position of the non-facilitated layer 26, and the like. In the present embodiment, since the non-promoting layer 26 (shown in FIG. 1) can be raised to the underfloor space 5 side, the length L2 of the underground heat conduction portion 23 can be reduced. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the underground heat conduction part 23 can be suppressed. In addition, length L2 of this embodiment is set to about 1m-10m, for example.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plurality of underground heat conduction parts 23 are arranged in a grid pattern on the bottom surface 5 b of the underfloor space 5 in a plan view, for example. Thereby, the underground heat conduction part 23 can perform heat exchange between the air in the underfloor space 5 and the heat of the underground G with a good balance. Further, since the plurality of underground heat conduction portions 23 are embedded in the underground G below the underfloor space 5, it is useful for compacting the underground G.

  The underground heat conduction part 23 of the present embodiment is arranged on the center side of the underfloor space 5 with respect to the outer underground heat conduction part 24 arranged on the foundation 2 side of the underfloor space 5 and the outer underground heat conduction part 24. And an inner underground heat conduction portion 25. In the plan view shown in FIG. 3, the outer ground heat conduction part 24 is disposed so as to surround the base 2 side of the inner ground heat conduction part 25.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the boundary surface of the non-facilitated layer 26 tends to be located deeper in the ground on the foundation 2 side, which is easily affected by outside air conditions, as compared to the center side of the underfloor space 5 with high thermal insulation properties. . For this reason, in this embodiment, the lower end 24b of the outer side underground heat conductive part 24 is located deeper in the ground than the lower end 25b of the inner side underground heat conductive part 25. Thereby, the outer side underground heat conduction part 24 can heat-exchange with the heat | fever of underground G near the non-problem layer 26. FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the length L2b between the lower end 25b of the inner underground heat conduction portion 25 and the bottom surface 5b of the underfloor space 5 is the length between the lower end 24b and the bottom surface 5b of the outer underground heat conduction portion 24. Is smaller than L2a. Thereby, the inner side underground heat conductive part 25 can heat-exchange with the heat | fever of underground G near the non-easy layer 26, reducing the usage-amount of the material.

  In addition, about the length L2a of the outer side underground heat conduction part 24, it is desirable to estimate the improper layer 26 of the land to construct by simulation calculation etc., and to set suitably. The length L2a of the outer ground heat conduction part 24 of this embodiment is set to about 5 to 10 m, for example. Moreover, the length L2b of the inner underground heat conduction part 25 is set to about 1-2 m, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the underground G has a non-prone layer 26, but the temperature of the underground G is likely to change due to the outside air condition and the temperature change of the building B above it. For this reason, the underground heat conduction part 23 is used by switching between a state in which heat is exchanged with the air in the underfloor space 5 and a state in which heat is not exchanged with the air in the underfloor space 5 according to the temperature of the underground G. Is desirable. As shown in FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, a heat shield means 30 that prevents heat exchange between the underground heat conduction unit 23 and the air in the underfloor space 5 is provided.

  The heat shield means 30 is made of a heat insulating material. Moreover, the upper surface part 35 which covers the upper end 23a of the underground heat conduction part 23, and the side part 36 which covers the side surface 23s are included. Such a heat shield means 30 can completely cover the upper end 23a side of the underground heat conduction part 23 on the underfloor space 5 side. Thereby, since the heat shield means 30 can prevent heat exchange between the underground heat conduction part 23 and the air in the underfloor space 5, it is useful for properly using the underground heat conduction part 23.

  Although it does not specifically limit as a heat insulating material of the heat shield means 30, The thing similar to the heat insulating material 8 arrange | positioned at the foundation 2 is desirable. Moreover, it is desirable that the heat shield means 30 is attached to and detached from the underground heat conduction section 23 by a driving means or the like, but may be manually performed.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the heat shield means 30 of this embodiment covers the outer heat shield means 31 that covers the outer ground heat conduction section 24 and the inner ground heat conduction section 25. An inner heat shield 32. Such outer heat shield means 31 and inner heat shield means 32 are useful for properly using the outer ground heat conduction portion 24 and the inner ground heat conduction portion 25.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (a), in the winter season when floor heating or the like is used, the underground G on the underfloor space 5 side is warmed, so the underground temperature on the lower end 24b side of the outer underground heat conduction section 24 is increased. However, it becomes lower than the underground temperature on the lower end 25 b side of the inner underground heat conduction part 25.

  For this reason, it is desirable that the outer heat shielding means 31 cover the upper end 23a side of the outer underground heat conduction section 24 only in winter. Thereby, the outer side heat shielding means 31 can prevent heat exchange between the outer underground heat conduction part 24 to which a relatively low underground temperature is transmitted and the air in the underfloor space 5. Therefore, the outer heat shielding means 31 can prevent the temperature of the underfloor space 5 from decreasing in winter.

  On the other hand, in the summer when the solar radiation to the ground surface GL (shown in FIG. 1) is strong, the underground temperature on the lower end 25b side of the inner underground heat conduction portion 25 is lower than that on the lower end 24b side of the outer underground heat conduction portion 24. It becomes higher than the underground temperature.

  For this reason, it is desirable that the inner heat shielding means 32 cover the upper end 25a side of the inner underground heat conduction section 25 only in summer. Thereby, the inner side heat shielding means 32 can prevent heat exchange between the inner underground heat conduction part 25 to which a relatively high underground temperature is transmitted and the air in the underfloor space 5. Therefore, the inner heat shield means 32 can prevent the temperature of the underfloor space 5 from rising in summer.

  As mentioned above, although especially preferable embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to embodiment of illustration, It can deform | transform and implement in a various aspect.

2 Foundation 3 Floor 5 Underfloor space 8 Insulating material 21 Heat exchange part 23 Ground heat conduction part 24 Outer ground heat conduction part 25 Inner ground heat conduction part

Claims (4)

A building structure having an underfloor space surrounded by a foundation and a floor,
The foundation is provided with a heat insulating material that blocks heat transmitted from outside the building to the underfloor space,
The underfloor space is provided with a heat exchange part,
The heat exchanging portion is arranged such that the upper end side can exchange heat with the air in the underfloor space, and the lower end side is arranged to exchange heat with the underground heat below the underfloor space, and has good heat conductivity. Including underground heat conduction parts made of materials,
The underground heat conduction part is an outer ground heat conduction part disposed on the foundation side of the underfloor space;
An inner ground heat conduction part disposed on the center side of the underfloor space than the outer ground heat conduction part,
The building structure characterized in that the lower end of the outer ground heat conduction part is located deeper in the ground than the lower end of the inner ground heat conduction part.   The building structure according to claim 1, wherein the underfloor space is an underground structure in which the bottom surface is located below the ground surface.   The building structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer ground heat conduction part and the inner ground heat conduction part are rod-like bodies extending between the upper end and the lower end. Only in the winter when the ground temperature at the lower end of the outer ground heat conduction part is lower than the ground temperature at the lower end of the inner ground heat conduction part, the outer ground heat conduction part and the underfloor space An outer heat shield that prevents heat exchange with air;
Only in the summer when the underground temperature at the lower end of the inner underground heat conduction part is higher than the underground temperature at the lower end of the outer underground heat conduction part, the inner underground heat conduction part and the underfloor space The building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an inner heat shielding means for preventing heat exchange with air.

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