JP2014024669A - Brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brake device which corrects a change of a brake gap caused by a temperature and is capable of suppressing the change within a prescribed range.SOLUTION: A brake device which performs braking by bringing a braking body 12 facing a rotating body 11 at a prescribed gap into contact with the rotating body 11 is configured in such a manner that an expansion body 26 having a different thermal expansion coefficient from the rotating body 11 is used as a gap adjusting mechanism 25 for adjusting the gap and that a change of the gap accompanying a change in ambient temperature is maintained within a prescribed range by expansion/contraction of the expansion body 26.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a brake device used in an elevator hoist.

  The rope type elevator hangs the cage and the counterweight on both ends of the rope wound around the main sheave of the hoisting machine installed at the upper part of the hoistway, and raises and lowers the car by the drive motor of the hoisting machine . An electromagnetic brake device is attached to the rotating shaft of the hoist.

  The electromagnetic brake device includes a drum-type brake device (see, for example, Patent Document 1) that brakes by bringing a brake body into contact with a brake drum that is a rotating body, and a brake disk that is a rotating body. There is a disc-type brake device (see, for example, Patent Document 2) that brakes by braking.

JP-A-9-240936 JP-A-8-73143

  In these brake devices, a resin or rubber component called a brake shoe or a brake lining is interposed between a rotating body and a braking body in contact with the rotating body. These brake shoes or brake linings and other metal parts that make up the brake device, for example, brake drums and brake discs that are contact partners, and parts of the drive mechanisms that operate these components in contact with each other, are due to differences in materials. Since the coefficients of thermal expansion are quite different, the brake gap is affected by changes in ambient temperature.

  That is, in these brake devices, when the brake is released, the electromagnetic coil is energized to drive the braking body via the drive mechanism and dissociate from the rotating body. The distance between the rotating body and the braking body when the brake is released Changes occur in (brake gap). In general, the resin or rubber component has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than a metal material such as iron. Therefore, when the ambient temperature rises, the brake shoe or the brake lining portion expands more than the other portions. For this reason, the brake gap at the time of brake release mentioned above becomes narrow. On the other hand, when the ambient temperature decreases, the brake shoe or the brake lining portion contracts more than the other portions, so that the brake gap is expanded.

  In this way, when the brake gap changes greatly, if the initial setting value of the brake gap is narrow, the brake gap becomes narrower when the ambient temperature rises, so that there is a possibility that the brake body and the rotating body always come into contact with each other. In order to prevent such a situation, if the initial setting value of the brake gap is increased, the brake gap is further expanded when the ambient temperature is lowered, so that an impact sound is generated when the braking body contacts the rotating body during braking operation. There were problems such as increased noise during braking.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a brake device capable of suppressing the change within a predetermined range by correcting the change of the brake gap due to temperature.

  A brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a brake device that brakes a rotating body by bringing a braking body facing the rotating body at a predetermined interval into contact with the rotating body, and has a thermal expansion coefficient different from that of the rotating body. Is used as an interval adjusting mechanism for adjusting the interval, and the change in the interval due to the change in the ambient temperature is set within a predetermined range by expansion / contraction of the stretchable body.

It is a principal part block diagram of the brake device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a brake device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a principal part block diagram of the brake device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a whole block diagram of the brake device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part block diagram of the brake device which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a whole block diagram of the brake device which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows a main part of the drum type brake device according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows the entire configuration thereof. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  In FIG. 2, the brake device according to this embodiment contacts a pair of braking bodies (hereinafter referred to as brake shoes) 12 facing each other with a predetermined interval on the outer peripheral surface of a brake drum 11 that is a rotating body. This is a brake device for braking. The brake drum 11 is attached to a rotating shaft of a hoisting machine (not shown), and rotates integrally with a main sheave (not shown). The pair of brake shoes 12 are attached to a pair of arms 13 that constitute a drive mechanism, and are configured to be able to contact and separate from the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11.

  The pair of arms 13 are pivotally supported by a gate-shaped support frame 15 via support shafts 14 at intermediate portions in the length direction. A braking spring 18 is attached to one end portion (lower end portion in the drawing) of the pair of arms 13 on the side where the brake shoe 12 is attached via a connecting rod 17. The braking spring 18 constantly applies a force in a direction to bring the brake shoe 12 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11 to the arm 13.

  Further, the other end portions (upper end portions in the drawing) of the pair of arms 13 are connected to a brake releasing plunger 20 via a connecting bolt 21. The plunger 20 is attached to the inner periphery of the electromagnetic coil 23 installed on the support frame 15 so as to be able to advance and retreat along the horizontal direction in the figure. The plunger 20 is driven with a predetermined stroke inward in the figure when the electromagnetic coil 23 is energized, and the corresponding arm 13 is rotated in a direction in which the brake shoe 12 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11. Let

  As shown in FIG. 1, a gap adjusting mechanism 25 attached to the connecting bolt 21 is interposed in the connecting portion between the other end of the arm 13 and the plunger 20. The distance adjusting mechanism 25 is mainly composed of an expansion / contraction body 26, and includes a spring 27 for bringing the expansion body 26 into contact with the arm 13 and a nut 28 for holding the spring. Here, the front end of the connecting bolt 21 is screwed to the end face of the plunger 20, and the extendable body 26 is installed between the bolt head 21 a and the left side face of the arm 13 shown in FIG. 1. The spring 27 is installed between the right side surface of the upper end portion of the arm 13 shown in FIG. 1 and a spring retainer nut 28 screwed to the threaded portion of the connecting bolt 21. The upper end of the arm 13 is made to follow the expansion / contraction of the expansion body 26.

  The distance adjusting mechanism 25 is configured such that the distance (brake gap) between the brake shoe 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11 when the plunger 20 is attracted by the electromagnetic coil 23 (when the brake is released) changes due to a change in ambient temperature. By the expansion / contraction of the expansion / contraction body 26, the connection position of the arm 13 and the plunger 20 is changed, and the change of the brake gap is maintained within a predetermined range.

  Here, the elastic body 26 used as the interval adjusting mechanism 25 is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion different from that of the brake drum 11 and other parts other than the brake shoe 12.

  In the above configuration, during the brake operation, the brake shoe 12 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11 by the brake spring 18 via the arm 13 to generate a brake torque. When the brake is released (when the electromagnetic coil 23 is energized), the upper part of the arm 13 connected to the plunger 20 via the connecting bolt 21 is driven to the inside by the electromagnetic coil 23 in the drawing and rotates around the support shaft 14. Then, the brake shoe 12 is separated from the brake drum 11. Therefore, the brake torque can be eliminated.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, an interval adjusting mechanism 25 attached to the connecting bolt 21 is interposed in the connecting portion between the upper end portion of the arm 13 and the plunger 20. With this configuration, for example, when the ambient temperature rises and the brake shoe 12 expands more than the other parts, the brake gap decreases, but the telescopic body 26 also expands. Since it is close to 20, the brake gap is enlarged, and as a result, the brake gap can be corrected to a predetermined range. That is, by appropriately selecting the length L and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the stretchable body 26, the brake gap can be widened and corrected by the same value as the amount of expansion of the brake shoe 12.

  When the ambient temperature is lowered, the brake gap is expanded. However, the expansion gap 26 is also contracted to reduce the brake gap, so that the brake gap can be corrected to a predetermined range.

  The length L and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the stretchable body 26 are adjusted and selected according to the lever ratio L1: L2 of the drum brake. Here, L1 is the distance from the support shaft 14 of the arm 13 to the shaft center of the connecting bolt 21, L2 is the distance from the support shaft 14 of the arm 13 to the center position of the brake shoe 12, and the ratio L1: L2 Is the lever ratio of the drum brake described above. The lever ratio L1: L2 determines the relationship between the expansion / contraction amount of the expansion body 26 and the position change amount of the brake shoe 12. Therefore, the length L and the thermal expansion coefficient of the stretchable body 26 may be adjusted and selected to appropriate values according to the lever ratio L1: L2.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 3 shows a main part of the brake device according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 shows the entire configuration thereof. This will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  4, the drum brake device according to this embodiment also has a pair of brake bodies (brake shoes) 12 facing the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11 as a rotating body with a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface. It is a brake device which makes a contact and brakes. The brake drum 11 is attached to a rotating shaft of a hoisting machine (not shown), and rotates integrally with a main sheave (not shown). The pair of brake shoes 12 are attached to a pair of arms 43 that constitute a drive mechanism. The pair of arms 43 is pivotally supported at the lower end of a gate-shaped support frame 45 by a support shaft 44 at one end (the lower end in the figure). Then, the brake shoe 12 is brought into contact with and separated from the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11 by a rotation operation around the support shaft 44.

  A braking spring 48 is attached to a middle portion (upper part in the drawing) of the pair of arms 43 via a connecting rod 47. The braking spring 48 gives the arm 43 rotational force in a direction in which the brake shoe 12 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11.

  The other end portions (the upper end portions in the figure) of the pair of arms 43 are connected via a connecting bolt 51 and a plunger 50 for brake release operation. The plunger 50 is attached to the inner periphery of the electromagnetic coil 53 installed on the support frame 45 so as to be able to advance and retract along the horizontal direction in the figure. The plunger 50 is driven by a predetermined stroke outwardly in the figure when the electromagnetic coil 53 is energized, and the corresponding arm 43 is rotated in a direction in which the brake shoe 12 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11. Let me.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the connecting portion between the other end of the arm 43 and the plunger 50 is provided with a distance adjusting mechanism 55 including a connecting bolt 51 and a stretchable body 56 interposed in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction. It is configured. The expansion / contraction body 56 constituting the interval adjusting mechanism 55 expands / contracts in response to a change in ambient temperature, and is connected to the plunger 50 at the upper end of the arm 43 (the length of the connection bolt 51 including the expansion body 56). Length).

  When the distance between the brake shoe 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11 (brake gap) when the brake is released changes due to a change in ambient temperature, the distance adjusting mechanism 55 The connection length with the plunger 50 is changed, and the change of the brake gap is maintained within a predetermined range.

  Here, the expansion / contraction body 56 used as the interval adjusting mechanism 55 is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion different from that of the brake drum 11 and other parts other than the brake shoe 12.

  In the above configuration, during the brake operation, the brake shoe 12 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 11 by the braking spring 48 via the arm 43 to generate brake torque. When the brake is released (when the electromagnetic coil 53 is energized), the upper portion of the arm 43 connected to the plunger 50 via the connecting bolt 51 is driven outward by the electromagnetic coil 23. For this reason, the arm 43 rotates around the support shaft 44 provided at the lower end thereof, and separates the brake shoe 12 from the brake drum 11. Therefore, the brake torque can be eliminated.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the connecting bolt 51 that connects the upper end portion of the arm 43 and the plunger 50 includes the connecting bolt 51 and the expansion / contraction body 56 that is interposed in the middle portion in the longitudinal direction. An interval adjusting mechanism 55 is provided. With this configuration, for example, when the ambient temperature rises and the brake shoe 12 expands more than the other parts, the brake gap decreases, but the telescopic body 56 also expands similarly, so that the arm 43 and the plunger 50 The connection length is increased and the upper end of the arm 34 is moved away from the plunger. For this reason, the brake gap is enlarged accordingly, and as a result, the brake gap can be corrected to a predetermined range. That is, by appropriately selecting the length L and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the expansion / contraction body 56, the brake gap can be widened and corrected by the same value as the amount of expansion of the brake shoe 12.

  When the ambient temperature is lowered, the brake gap is expanded. However, the expansion gap 56 is contracted to reduce the brake gap, so that the brake gap can be corrected to a predetermined range.

  The length L and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the elastic body 66 are adjusted and selected according to the lever ratio L11: L12 of the drum brake. Here, L11 is the distance from the support shaft 44 of the arm 43 to the shaft center of the connecting bolt 51, and L12 is the distance from the support shaft 44 of the arm 43 to the center position of the brake shoe 12. The lever ratio L11: L12 determines the relationship between the expansion / contraction amount of the expansion / contraction body 26 and the position change amount of the brake shoe 12. Therefore, the length L and the thermal expansion coefficient of the stretchable body 26 may be adjusted and selected to appropriate values according to the lever ratio L11: L12.

<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 5 shows the main part of the brake device according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows the overall configuration. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

  In FIG. 6, the brake device uses a brake disk 61 as a rotating body, and is configured to brake by sandwiching the disk surface of the brake disk 61 with a pair of brake bodies 62 and 63. The brake disk 61 is spline-connected to a rotating shaft 66 of a motor 65 that constitutes a hoisting machine, and can slide along the axial direction and rotate integrally. Further, a lining 67 containing a resin or rubber component is provided on the disk surface of the brake disk 61 that comes into contact with the braking bodies 62 and 63.

  The pair of brake bodies 62, 63 are opposed to a disk-shaped armature (hereinafter described as the armature 62) facing one surface (the left surface in the drawing) of the brake disc 61 and the other surface (the right surface in the drawing). An end surface of the motor 65 (hereinafter referred to as a fixing member 63) is used.

  The surface of the armature 62 on the side opposite to the brake disc (the left surface in the drawing) faces the electromagnetic coil 69. The electromagnetic coil 69 is attached to a holding member (which is also a fixed iron core) 70. The holding member 70 is connected to a fixing member 63 that is an end surface of the motor 65 by a connecting bolt 71 and an interval setting collar 72 at a position that maintains a predetermined distance. The armature 62 is provided with a through hole 62a through which the collar 72 passes. Therefore, the armature 62 is driven to the left in the figure (in a direction away from one surface of the brake disk 62) with the collar 72 as a guide by the excitation of the electromagnetic coil 69.

  A braking spring 73 is provided between the armature 62 and the holding member 70. For this reason, when the excitation of the electromagnetic coil 69 is released, the armature 62 is driven rightward in the figure by the braking spring 73 and is pressed against one surface of the brake disc 62. The brake disc 62 is sandwiched between the fixing member 63 facing the other surface and held in a braking state.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5, a stretchable body 75 is integrally provided in a part in the length direction of the collar 72 described above, and constitutes an interval adjusting mechanism 74 together with the collar 72. The stretchable body 75 expands / contracts according to changes in ambient temperature, and is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion different from that of the other components such as the brake disc 61 other than the lining 67. The stretchable body 75 expands / contracts according to changes in the ambient temperature, and changes the distance between the holding member 70 and the fixing member 63.

  In other words, the distance adjusting mechanism 74 has a distance (brake gap) between the surface of the lining 67 provided on the brake disk 61 and the armature 62 and the fixing member 63 facing the surface of the lining 67 when the brake is released changed due to a change in ambient temperature. In this case, the distance between the holding member 70 and the fixing member 63 is changed by expansion / contraction of the expansion / contraction body 75, and the change in the brake gap is corrected within a predetermined range.

  In the above configuration, during the braking operation, the excitation of the electromagnetic coil 69 is released, so that the armature 62 is pressed against one surface of the brake disc 62 by the braking spring 73. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the brake disc 62 is sandwiched between the armature 62 and the fixing member 63 via the lining 67 to generate a brake torque, and enters a braking state. When the brake is released (when the electromagnetic coil 69 is energized), the armature 62 is driven to the left in the figure by the electromagnetic coil 69 and is separated from the brake disk 61. For this reason, a brake gap is generated between the surface of the lining 67 of the brake disc 62 and the facing portion between the armature 62 and the fixing member 63. For this reason, the brake disc 61 becomes free and the brake torque can be eliminated.

  In this embodiment, a stretchable body 75 is provided in a part of the collar 72 in the length direction, and the interval adjusting mechanism 74 is configured. For this reason, for example, when the temperature rises and the lining 67 of the brake disc 61 expands more than the other parts, the brake gap decreases. However, the expansion and contraction body 75 expands in the same manner, so that the electromagnetic coil 69 is moved to the motor 65. It will be separated from the fixing member 63 which is the end face of. For this reason, when releasing the brake to energize the electromagnetic coil 69, the position of the armature 62 attracted by the electromagnetic coil 69 also moves accordingly. As a result, the brake gap is enlarged and the brake gap can be corrected within a predetermined range. That is, by appropriately selecting the length L and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the stretchable body 75, the brake gap can be widened and corrected by the same value as the amount of expansion of the lining 67 of the brake disc 61.

  When the ambient temperature decreases, the brake gap increases. However, the expansion gap 75 contracts to reduce the brake gap, and the brake gap can be corrected to a predetermined range.

  As described above, according to each of the above-described embodiments, it is possible to prevent a change in the brake gap due to the temperature, and it is possible to prevent an increase in brake noise due to the temperature.

  In addition, in a brake equipped with a brake switch, the brake gap does not change, so the brake switch can be operated stably.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

11, 61 ... Rotating body (brake drum, brake disc)
12, 62, 63 ... Brake body (brake shoe, armature, fixing member)
13, 43 ... Arms 14, 44 ... Support shafts 18, 48, 73 ... Braking springs 20, 50 ... Plungers 21, 51 ... Connection bolts 26, 56, 75 ... -Stretchable body 25, 55, 74 ... Spacing adjustment mechanism 66 ... Rotating shaft

The brake device according to the embodiment of the present invention is slidable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and is excited by a brake disk that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft and an electromagnetic coil disposed to face one surface of the brake disk. An armature that is attracted in a direction away from one surface of the brake disk and is pressed against one surface of the brake disk by a braking spring when the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, and the brake disk is sandwiched from the other surface side together with the armature. A fixing member to be attached, a holding member for the electromagnetic coil, and the fixing member, and a distance between the electromagnetic coil and the fixing member is changed by expansion / contraction due to a change in ambient temperature, so that a brake gap with respect to the brake disk to the changes, characterized in that a telescopic member for correcting within a predetermined range .

Claims (4)

A braking device that brakes a rotating body by contacting a braking body facing the rotating body at a predetermined interval,
An elastic body having a coefficient of thermal expansion different from that of the rotating body is used as an interval adjusting mechanism for adjusting the interval, and the change in the interval due to a change in ambient temperature is within a predetermined range due to expansion / contraction of the expansion body. Brake device characterized by being configured to be housed. The rotating body is a brake drum;
The braking body is attached to an arm that is pivotally supported by a support shaft at a lengthwise intermediate portion, and is configured to be able to contact and separate from the brake drum.
At one end of the arm on the side where the braking body is attached, a braking spring is provided that constantly provides a turning force in a direction to bring the braking body into contact with the rotating body.
The other end portion of the arm is connected to a plunger that rotates the arm in the direction of separating the braking body from the rotating body via the interval adjusting mechanism.
The interval adjusting mechanism changes a connection position of the arm and the plunger by expansion / contraction of the expansion / contraction body due to a change in ambient temperature, and corrects a change in the interval between the rotating body and the braking body within a predetermined range. The brake device according to claim 1. The rotating body is a brake drum;
The braking body is attached to an arm pivotally supported at one end by a support shaft, and configured to be able to contact and separate from the brake drum.
A braking spring is provided at the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the arm to apply a turning force in a direction in which the arm is brought into contact with the rotating body.
The other end portion of the arm is connected to a plunger that rotates the arm in the direction of separating the braking body from the rotating body via the interval adjusting mechanism.
The distance adjusting mechanism changes a connection length between the arm and the plunger by expansion / contraction of the expansion / contraction body due to a change in ambient temperature, and corrects a change in the distance between the rotating body and the braking body within a predetermined range. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating body is a brake disc;
The braking body is attracted in a direction away from one surface of the brake disk by excitation of an electromagnetic coil arranged opposite to one surface of the break disk, and is released by a braking spring by releasing excitation of the electromagnetic coil. An armature that is pressed against one side of the brake disc, and a fixing member that sandwiches the brake disc from the other side with the armature,
The stretchable body used as the spacing adjustment mechanism is provided between the holding member of the electromagnetic coil and the fixing member, and changes the distance between the electromagnetic coil and the fixing member by expansion / contraction due to an ambient temperature change, The brake device according to claim 1, wherein a change in the interval between the rotating body and the braking body is corrected within a predetermined range.

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