JP2014024383A - Temperature control device of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a temperature control device of an electric vehicle which efficiently and effectively heats the inside of a vehicle without causing the deterioration of the running ability.SOLUTION: In a temperature control device of an electric vehicle, in which an auxiliary engine part, a coolant circuit part, and a heat exchanger unit form a co-generation system. Further, the auxiliary engine part is composed of: an internal combustion engine; a power generator part; and an air exhauster part. Heat generated by the power generator part and the air exhauster part is used to control temperature of an air in the vehicle as well as heat of the internal combustion engine.

Description

  The present invention relates to a temperature control device for an electric vehicle, and more particularly to a so-called cogeneration temperature control device that uses exhaust heat from the auxiliary engine in a type in which an auxiliary engine for power generation is mounted on the electric vehicle.

  In general, cogeneration is known as an energy supply system that uses exhaust heat from an internal combustion engine, an external combustion engine, or the like to extract heat and power, thereby improving overall energy efficiency. As what applied this cogeneration to the electric vehicle, what was disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 5-178070 (patent document 1) and Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 9-11731 (patent document 2) is known, for example.

  According to this document 1, in a conventional electric vehicle, a method of using an electric heater such as a PTC heater or a heat pump cycle is used to perform air conditioning in the vehicle interior, so that much power is consumed. As a result, it has been pointed out that an electric vehicle whose power is a vehicle drive source has a problem that the travel distance for a single battery charge is shortened and the travel performance of the vehicle is deteriorated. In view of this, the air conditioner for an electric vehicle disclosed in Document 1 has been proposed that includes a battery mounted on the electric vehicle and air conditioning means for air-conditioning the vehicle interior using the heat capacity of the battery. . Further, the above-mentioned document 1 proposes a system that uses an auxiliary engine for power generation and that uses the heat capacity of the auxiliary engine.

  Further, the document 2 includes a battery that mainly drives a driving motor and an air conditioner for an electric vehicle that is equipped with an auxiliary engine for charging the battery in an emergency, and a combustor that heats hot water for heating. And a heater for circulating the high-temperature hot water heated by the combustor to warm the air in the vehicle, and a hot water circuit for circulating a part of the high-temperature hot water heated by the combustor to the cooling water system of the auxiliary engine An air conditioner for an electric vehicle provided.

  Furthermore, the above-mentioned document 2 circulates hot water in the heat accumulator during the heating operation by the heater or the operation of the auxiliary engine to store heat, and when starting the auxiliary engine, A method of using an air conditioner for an electric vehicle is also proposed in which the stored heat is taken out through hot water to preheat the auxiliary engine and then started.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-178070 JP-A-9-11731

  The above-mentioned document 1 proposes using an auxiliary engine for power generation, which uses the heat capacity of the auxiliary engine, but basically uses the heat capacity of the battery. Furthermore, when the heat capacity of the auxiliary engine is used, a PTC heater that generates heat by supplying power from the battery is also incorporated into the circulation path including the auxiliary engine.

  Thus, according to the above-mentioned document 1, since the PTC heater that generates heat at least by the supply of electric power from the battery is provided, the electric power is exhausted to the heater in winter and the cruising distance is reduced. It is not enough to eliminate the shortcomings that lead to the deterioration.

  The above document 2 proposes using a heat capacity of the auxiliary engine in the case of separately providing an auxiliary engine for power generation, but basically, it is provided with a combustor for heating hot water for heating. It is assumed. That is, a hot water circuit for circulating a part of the high-temperature hot water heated by the combustor to the cooling water system of the auxiliary engine is provided. Therefore, similarly to the above-mentioned document 1, in winter, the electric power is consumed for heating the combustor, the cruising distance is reduced, and the drawbacks that lead to the deterioration of the running performance of the vehicle are not sufficient.

  Therefore, the present invention provides an electric vehicle equipped with an auxiliary engine for power generation, provided with a cooling water circuit section for cooling the auxiliary engine with cooling water, and the cooling water circuit section is independent of taking in the heater heat exchanger unit. The present invention proposes a temperature control device for an electric vehicle which is configured by forming a closed circuit, while preventing the battery from being used for heating the combustor and thereby causing no deterioration in running performance.

When the invention described in the first claim of the present application is described with the reference numerals used in the embodiments, in the electric vehicle 100 including the auxiliary engine unit 4 for power generation,
The auxiliary engine unit 4, the cooling water circuit unit 2 that takes in the heat generated in the auxiliary engine unit 4, and the hot water intervened in the cooling water circuit unit 2 and provided by the cooling water circuit unit 2 10 cogeneration systems are installed with the heater heat exchanger unit 3 that warms the air,
The auxiliary engine unit 4 includes an internal combustion engine 5, a generator 6 that is rotationally driven by the internal combustion engine 5, and a generator unit that includes an inverter 7 connected to the generator 6, and an exhaust path from the internal combustion engine 5. And an exhaust device portion provided with a catalyst 8 and a silencer 9 communicating with each other,
Hot water is produced while generating power by the auxiliary engine unit 4 and heat generated not only by the internal combustion engine 5 but also by the power generation unit unit and the exhaust unit unit is also brought into temperature control of the interior air. This is a temperature control device for an electric vehicle.

  The invention described in claim 2 of the present application is the temperature control device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary engine unit 4 is housed in the heat insulating container 11.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the auxiliary engine unit 4 is housed in the heat insulating container 11, and the power generation unit, the internal combustion engine, and the exhaust unit are separately insulated. This is a temperature control device for an electric vehicle.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the auxiliary engine unit 4 is housed in the heat insulating container 11, and the power generation unit, the internal combustion engine, and the exhaust unit are separately insulated. In addition, the heat exchanger 13 is installed in the exhaust device section, and the temperature control device for the electric vehicle has the cooling water circuit section 2 inserted through the heat exchanger 13.

  The invention described in claim 5 of the present application is that in claim 1, the auxiliary engine section 4 is housed in a heat insulating container 11, and further, a cooling water circuit section in both the front and rear of the heat insulating container 11 or in the front or rear thereof. 2 is provided with an electric pump controller provided with a cooling water temperature sensor 15 at an appropriate place, and the operation of the electric pump 16 is controlled according to the cooling water temperature by the electric pump controller. This is a temperature control device for an electric vehicle.

  The invention described in claim 6 of the present application is the heater according to claim 1, wherein the heater heat exchanger unit 3 is disposed in a cavity 32 provided with front and rear switching flaps 31 for front and rear to heat the hot water. The heat exchanger core 33 to be exchanged and an electric fan 34 that blows air to the heat exchanger core 33 are configured. In the winter, the flap 31 is switched to introduce the inside air, and in the summer, the flap 31 is switched to introduce the outside air. As described above, the heat exchanger core 33 selectively heat-exchanges the inside and outside air.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the auxiliary engine unit 4 is housed in a heat insulating container 11, and the heat insulating container 11 is detachably provided to an electric vehicle. It is a temperature control device for automobiles.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the auxiliary engine unit 4 is housed in a heat insulating container 11, and a part of the heat insulating container 11 is a part of a vehicle body. It is the temperature control apparatus of the electric vehicle currently formed by.

  The temperature control device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes a cogeneration system including an auxiliary engine unit, a cooling water circuit unit, and a heater heat exchanger unit, and the auxiliary engine unit includes an internal combustion engine, a power generator unit, Therefore, the heat generated by the power generation device and the exhaust device is brought to the temperature control of the in-vehicle air as well as the heat of the internal combustion engine. Since the inside of the vehicle can be heated, and the battery is not used for heating the combustor, a temperature control device for an electric vehicle that does not cause deterioration in running performance can be obtained.

1a is a plan view of an electric vehicle provided with a temperature control device, and FIG. 1b is a side view of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a plan view of an electric vehicle provided with a temperature control device, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the electric vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a basic block diagram which shows the cogeneration unit in the Example of this invention. It is a block diagram of a cogeneration unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a cogeneration unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a cogeneration unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a cogeneration unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a cogeneration unit according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram which concerns on the other Example of this invention and shows a heater heat exchanger unit. It is a conceptual diagram which concerns on the other Example of this invention and shows a heater heat exchanger unit.

  Below, the temperature control apparatus of the electric vehicle which concerns on this invention is demonstrated in detail based on drawing of an Example.

  FIG. 1 (FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b) shows what installed the temperature control apparatus of this example in the electric vehicle (bus), FIG. 1a is a top view, FIG. 1b is a side view. In these drawings, the temperature control device of this example is mounted on an electric vehicle 100 including an auxiliary engine unit 4 for power generation. In the figure, the auxiliary engine unit 4 is provided in the cogeneration unit 1. A cogeneration system 10 using the cogeneration unit 1 includes a cooling water circuit unit 2 that takes in heat generated in the auxiliary engine unit 4, and is provided in the cooling water circuit unit 2 and brought about by the cooling water circuit unit. And a heater heat exchanger unit 3 that warms the air in the vehicle with the heated water. In this example, the cooling water circuit unit 2 in the cogeneration system 10 is arranged in series.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 (FIG. 2a, FIG. 2b), you may make it arrange | position the cooling water circuit part 2 in the cogeneration system 10 in parallel. When the cooling water circuit unit 2 is arranged in parallel, the defroster and the heater heat exchanger unit 3 can be individually controlled.

  FIG. 3 is a basic configuration diagram showing the cogeneration unit 1 of this example. In FIG. 3, the auxiliary engine unit 4 includes an internal combustion engine 5, a generator 6 that is rotationally driven by the internal combustion engine 5, and a generator unit that includes an inverter 7 connected to the generator 6, and the internal combustion engine 5. And an exhaust device provided with a catalyst 8 and a silencer 9 communicating with the exhaust path from the vehicle.

  The cooling water circuit section 2 in the auxiliary engine section 4 is provided with a path around the internal combustion engine 5 and the power generation apparatus section of the auxiliary engine section 4 and also in the vicinity of the heat generating portion of the constituent parts including the exhaust apparatus section. However, these heats are absorbed and used for heating.

  Thus, according to the cogeneration system 10 of the present example, hot water is produced while generating power by the auxiliary engine unit 4, and not only the internal combustion engine 5, but also the power generation unit (generator 6, inverter 7) and Since the heat generated by the exhaust unit (catalyst 8 and silencer 9) is also brought into the temperature control of the vehicle interior air, an efficient temperature control device for an electric vehicle can be obtained.

  FIG. 4 shows the cogeneration unit 1 of the present example in which the auxiliary engine unit 4 is housed in a heat insulating container 11. In this example, in the cogeneration unit 1, an internal combustion engine 5 and a power generation unit (a generator 6 and an inverter 7) connected to the internal combustion engine 5 are housed in a heat insulating container 11. On the other hand, the exhaust unit (catalyst 8 and silencer 9) is provided outside the heat insulating container 11.

  The cogeneration system 10 of the present example using the above-described cogeneration unit 1 takes out warm hot water (cooling water) after being mainly used for cooling the internal combustion engine 5 out of the heat insulating container 11, In winter, the heat is exchanged through a heater unit (heater heat exchanger unit 3), and then returned to the cooling path of the auxiliary engine unit 4 such as the internal combustion engine 5 in the heat insulating container 11 again. In summer, after passing through a radiator (not shown) provided separately from the heater unit, it is returned to the cooling path of the auxiliary engine unit 4 in the heat insulating container 11 again.

  FIG. 5 shows another example in which the auxiliary engine unit 4 is housed in a heat insulating container 11 in the cogeneration unit 1. In this example, the exhaust device (catalyst 8 and silencer 9) are housed in the heat insulating container 11 together with the internal combustion engine 5 and the power generator (generator 6, inverter 7). Since the catalyst 8 and the exhaust device portion of the silencer 9 are also housed in the heat insulating container 11, the heat capacity in the heat insulating container 11 is increased. And by accommodating an exhaust apparatus part in the heat insulation container 11, heat is absorbed in the cooling water circuit part 2 which touches this, and it utilizes for heating.

  6 shows a mode in which in the cogeneration unit 1, the auxiliary engine section 4 is housed in a heat insulating container 11, and the power generation apparatus section, the internal combustion engine 5, and the exhaust apparatus section are individually insulated and separated. Is. Reference numeral 12 denotes a partition wall of the heat insulating container 11. Since the operating temperature of the constituent parts of the auxiliary engine unit 4 is different, the degree of temperature difference of the constituent parts varies depending on the type of electric vehicle. Therefore, by performing adiabatic separation in this way, it is possible to prevent the operation of other parts from being affected by the difference in temperature of each constituent part.

  In addition, in the cogeneration unit 1 shown in FIG.5 and FIG.6, a cooling water path | route is formed in the outer surface of an exhaust pipe, and the heat of an exhaust pipe can also be used for the warm water production | generation for heaters.

  In the cogeneration unit 1 shown in FIG. 7, the auxiliary engine unit 4 is housed in a heat insulating container 11, and the power generation unit, the internal combustion engine 5, and the exhaust unit are individually insulated and separated. A heat exchanger 13 is installed in the exhaust device section (catalyst 8, silencer 9), and the cooling water circuit section 2 is inserted through the heat exchanger 13. Thereby, the heat of the exhaust device part (catalyst 8 and silencer 9) can also be absorbed by the cooling water circuit part 2 through the heat exchanger 13.

  FIG. 8 shows the cooling water circuit section 2 inside the inlet side of the cogeneration unit 1 and the cooling water outside the outlet side of the cogeneration unit 1 in the cogeneration unit 1 of the previous example (FIG. 7). A bypass circuit 21 is provided between the circuit portion 2 and, in this example, a switching valve 14 is provided between the cooling water circuit portion 2 and the outlet of the bypass circuit 21, and the cooling water circuit portion 2 on the downstream side is sequentially provided. A temperature sensor 15 and an electric pump 16 are provided.

  In this example (FIG. 8), the discharge amount is controlled by the electric pump 16 so that the cooling water temperature in the cooling water circuit unit 2 becomes a preset temperature. That is, when the cooling water temperature is low, the discharge amount is lowered, and in some cases, the discharge amount is continuously controlled and lowered to zero. When the cooling water temperature is high, the discharge amount is continuously increased according to the difference from the set temperature, and is decreased to the set temperature. The temperature sensor 15 is electrically connected to an electronic control device (control circuit) (not shown), and the electric pump 16 is controlled by the electronic control device. Thus, by controlling the discharge amount in the cooling water circuit section 2, efficient temperature control can be performed.

  The switching valve 14, the temperature sensor 15, and the electric pump 16 are not limited to those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, and can be changed as appropriate. For example, the temperature sensor 15 includes the switching valve 14 described above. In addition to the space between the electric pump 16 and the electric pump 16, the heater unit (heater heat exchanger unit 3) may be installed at an outlet or an appropriate location where the temperature in the passenger compartment can be measured. Moreover, the electric pump 16 can be provided in the cooling water circuit unit 2 in both the front and rear sides of the heat insulating container 11 or in the front and rear sides thereof.

  FIGS. 9 and 10 are conceptual diagrams showing the heater heat exchanger unit 3. In these drawings, the heat exchanger for exchanging hot water in the cavity 32 provided with the front and rear air switching flaps 31 and 31 is shown. A core 33 and an electric fan 34 for blowing air to the heat exchanger core 33 are provided.

  In the winter season, as shown in FIG. 9, the flaps 31 are switched as shown in the drawing to introduce the inside air. That is, the air inside the vehicle compartment is taken into the hollow portion 32, and the air inside the vehicle compartment is heat exchanged (heated) by the heat exchanger core 33, and the blowing temperature rises. Therefore, in the winter season, the heater heat exchanger unit 3 is used as a heater.

  Further, in the summer season, as shown in FIG. 10, the flaps 31 and 31 are switched as shown in the drawing to introduce outside air. That is, air outside the passenger compartment is taken into the cavity 32, and the hot water in the cooling water circuit portion 2 is heat-exchanged (cooled) by the heat exchanger core 33 by the air outside the passenger compartment, and the hot water temperature is lowered. Therefore, in summer, the heater heat exchanger unit 3 is used as a radiator.

  As described above, since the heat is selectively exchanged between the inside and outside air by switching the flaps in winter and summer, efficient temperature control can be performed.

  Next, an embodiment of the heat insulating container 11 according to the present invention will be described. As described above, the heat insulating container 11 houses the auxiliary engine unit 4. And this heat insulation container 11 provides the heat insulation container itself as a unit other than the aspect previously installed in the electric vehicle, and provides this unit heat insulation container 11 so that attachment or detachment with respect to an electric vehicle is possible. You can also. In this case, a mode in which a part of the heat insulating container 11 is formed by a part of the body of the electric vehicle can also be adopted. Hereinafter, the suitable structure regarding the heat insulation container 11 is enumerated.

  (1) The heat insulating container 11 that houses the internal combustion engine 5 is provided with an air intake, and supplies air to the internal combustion engine 5. (2) In the fuel system of the internal combustion engine 5, a pipe or a joint for supplying fuel is connected from the heat insulating container 11 to the outside. (3) The heat insulating container 11 is provided with a wiring outlet or a connector for monitoring and controlling the state of the internal combustion engine 5. (4) The heat insulating container 11 in which the exhaust pipe is accommodated is provided with an exhaust port for discharging the exhaust to the outside or a joint for connecting an additional exhaust pipe. (5) The insulated container 11 in which the generator 6 is accommodated is provided with a wiring outlet or connector for monitoring and controlling the state of the generator 6 and taking out the generated electric power. (6) The heat insulating container 11, the internal combustion engine 5, the generator 6, and the exhaust pipe are attached to the heat insulating container 11 via a shock absorber such as rubber. (7) At a location corresponding to the heat insulating container 11 of the electric vehicle. A frame for attaching each component is provided, and a heat insulating container 11 is attached to the frame. (8) The heat insulating container 11 may also serve as a mounting frame for each component. (9) The heat insulation container 11 is provided with a bracket for attaching to the body of the electric vehicle. (10) The heat insulation container 11 is provided with a hook for lifting the container at the time of attachment / detachment. (11) The heat insulating container 11 is provided with wheels for movement during attachment and detachment.

  Furthermore, in the temperature control apparatus according to the present invention, other preferred embodiments are listed. (12) The power generation device incorporates a small battery to enable independent operation. (13) The battery is not attached to the power generation device, and is operated by receiving power from the drive power source of the electric vehicle. (14) There may be both a case where a display panel is attached to the power generation device and a case where a state monitoring signal is drawn and the vehicle-side display device performs collective display.

  (15) The connection order of the water channels in the cogeneration unit is connected in order from the lowest temperature to the highest temperature. For example, (a) a heat exchanger in an insulated container containing a motor, inverter, engine, and exhaust pipe. (B) A heat exchanger in an insulated container containing an inverter, motor, engine, and exhaust pipe. (16) The cooling fluid piping of the defroster and heater heat exchanger unit may be both a serial piping and a parallel piping.

  (17) As a system control method, the basic idea is to operate when hot water is needed and to generate electricity as a secondary measure. However, if power is insufficient in the summer, the system should be operated mainly for power generation. Is also possible. In that case, the air flow of the heat exchanger unit is changed by a flap (see FIGS. 9 and 10). (18) The control unit of the cogeneration unit is attached to the outside of the heat insulating container, and is connected to the components inside the unit by insulated wires. (19) Since the temperature in the heat insulation container is higher than that in the normal engine room, the fuel tank of the internal combustion engine is attached to the outside of the heat insulation container and is connected to the internal combustion engine by a thermally insulated fuel pipe. (20) The heat insulating container exhibits soundproofing and sound insulation effects. In addition, a member that exhibits further soundproofing and sound insulation effects is used.

  In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to an electric vehicle bus. However, the present invention is not limited to a bus and can be applied to various electric vehicles such as a general passenger car type electric vehicle. Further, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the specific examples described above, and can be appropriately modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

  The present invention is suitable for temperature control devices for various electric vehicles such as buses and general passenger car type electric vehicles.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cogeneration unit 2 Cooling water circuit part 3 Heater heat exchanger unit 4 Auxiliary engine part 5 Internal combustion engine 6 Generator 7 Inverter 8 Catalyst 9 Silencer 10 Cogeneration system 11 Heat insulation container 12 Bulkhead 13 Heat exchanger 14 Switching valve 15 Temperature Sensor 16 Electric pump 21 Bypass circuit 31 Switching flap 32 Cavity 33 Heat exchanger core 34 Electric fan 100 Electric vehicle

Claims (8)

In an electric vehicle equipped with an auxiliary engine part for power generation,
The auxiliary engine unit, a cooling water circuit unit that takes in heat generated in the auxiliary engine unit, and heater heat that is interposed in the cooling water circuit unit and warms the vehicle interior air with hot water provided by the cooling water circuit unit Establish a cogeneration system with the exchange unit,
The auxiliary engine unit includes an internal combustion engine, a generator that is driven to rotate by the internal combustion engine, and a generator unit that includes an inverter connected to the generator, and a catalyst and a silencer that communicate with an exhaust path from the internal combustion engine. And an exhaust system unit provided with
An electric vehicle characterized in that hot water is produced while generating power by the auxiliary engine unit, and heat generated not only by the internal combustion engine but also by the power generation unit unit and the exhaust unit unit is brought to the temperature control of the air inside the vehicle. Temperature control device.   The temperature control device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary engine unit is housed in a heat insulating container.   The electric vehicle temperature control device according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary engine unit is housed in a heat insulating container, and the power generation device unit, the internal combustion engine, and the exhaust device unit are separately insulated.   The auxiliary engine unit is housed in a heat insulating container, and the power generation device unit, the internal combustion engine, and the exhaust device unit are individually insulated and separated, and a heat exchanger is installed in the exhaust device unit. The temperature control device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the cooling water circuit portion is inserted into the electric vehicle.   The auxiliary engine unit is housed in a heat insulating container, and further, an electric pump is interposed in the cooling water circuit part in either the front or rear or front and rear of the heat insulating container, and an electric pump provided with a cooling water temperature sensor at an appropriate position. 2. The temperature control device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a control unit is provided, and the operation of the electric pump is controlled by the electric pump control unit in accordance with a coolant temperature.   The heater heat exchanger unit includes a heat exchanger core that is arranged in a cavity provided with front and rear switching flaps for front and rear, and heat-exchanges the hot water, and an electric fan that blows air to the heat exchanger core. In the winter, the flaps are switched to introduce the inside air, and in the summer, the flaps are switched to introduce the outside air, and the heat exchanger core selectively exchanges the inside and outside air. Item 2. A temperature control device for an electric vehicle according to Item 1.   The temperature control device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary engine unit is housed in a heat insulating container, and the heat insulating container is detachably attached to the electric vehicle. The temperature control of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary engine part is housed in a heat insulating container, and further, a part of the heat insulating container is formed by a part of a vehicle body. apparatus.

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