CN101633306B - Vehicle HVAC and RESS thermal management - Google Patents
Vehicle HVAC and RESS thermal management Download PDFInfo
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- CN101633306B CN101633306B CN200910151098XA CN200910151098A CN101633306B CN 101633306 B CN101633306 B CN 101633306B CN 200910151098X A CN200910151098X A CN 200910151098XA CN 200910151098 A CN200910151098 A CN 200910151098A CN 101633306 B CN101633306 B CN 101633306B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/004—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for vehicles having a combustion engine and electric drive means, e.g. hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
- B60H1/32281—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising a single secondary circuit, e.g. at evaporator or condenser side
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
A HVAC and RESS thermal management system and a method of operation for a vehicle having a passenger compartment, a power plant and a battery pack is disclosed. The system comprises a RESS coolant circuit and a power plant coolant circuit. The RESS coolant circuit directs a coolant through the battery pack and includes a pump, a coolant heating branch has a coolant-to-coolant heat exchanger, and a coolant routing valve that will selectively direct the coolant through the coolant heating branch. The power plant coolant circuit includes a heater core branch having a HVAC pump, a coolant heater,a heater core located in a HVAC module to provide heat to the passenger compartment, and the coolant-to-coolant heat exchanger, with the coolant-to-coolant heat exchanger providing heat transfer between the coolant in the coolant heating branch and the coolant in the heater core branch.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to heating, ventilation and air regulation (HVAC) system and be used for the therrmodynamic system of the rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) (as, battery pack) of vehicle.
Background technology
Propose to adopt RESS (as, battery pack or other rechargeable energy storage means) come to be the advance automotive of the large energy of electric propulsion system storage.These vehicles for example can comprise, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, with elec. vehicle and the fuel-cell vehicle of combustion engine, described combustion engine as electrical generator to charge the battery.Usually, RESS needs some therrmodynamic system, in particular for cooling and heating battery group, so that the charging capacity of battery pack and lifetime.
Depend on for cooling and the representative cells therrmodynamic system heating battery group the air stream that comes from vehicle HVAC system.This can be the main cabin air that is guided through battery pack.but these systems are subject to the impact of following defective: for example, the low heat emission that causes due to the low heat transfer coefficient of air, main cabin, the inside noise that causes due to battery blower motor and air torrent noise, vibration and sound vibration roughness (NVH), limited battery cooling capacity after vehicle stops under the sun (due to the upper air temperature degree in main cabin when driving the circulation beginning), and be difficult to guarantee that air intake grid between main cabin and battery therrmodynamic system can not stopped by Vehicular occupant (cause reducing or do not have battery air cool stream) by accident.Other can adopt independent reserve battery group coolant heater, with heats coolant before passing through battery pack in circulate coolant.Yet this independent system often increases cost, weight and the complexity of overall vehicle heating and cooling system.
Summary of the invention
An embodiment imagines a kind of HVAC for vehicle and RESS heating power management system, and described vehicle comprises main cabin, engine installation and battery pack.Described system can comprise RESS coolant loop and engine installation coolant loop.Described RESS coolant loop can be configured to cooling system conditioner is guided through battery pack, and comprises: be used for the pump of cooling system conditioner pumping by described RESS coolant loop; Coolant heating branch road with cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger; Decide valve with controlled coolant line line selection, described controlled coolant line line selection decides that valve is actuatable optionally is guided through described coolant heating branch road with cooling system conditioner.Described engine installation coolant loop can comprise the heater core branch road, described heater core branch road has for HVAC pump, coolant heater, heater core and the cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger of cooling system conditioner pumping by described heater core branch road, described heater core is configured to be arranged in the HVAC module, to provide heat to the main cabin, described cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger is configured to provide between cooling system conditioner in the coolant heating branch road and the cooling system conditioner in the heater core branch road heat transmission.
An embodiment imagines a kind of heating power and controls the main cabin of vehicle and the method for battery pack, and described vehicle has engine installation, and described method comprises step: detect battery pack and whether ask the heating of battery load; If request heating of battery load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump, with the heater core branch road of the engine installation coolant loop by comprising coolant heater and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger with the cooling system conditioner pumping, and activate coolant heater with the flow through cooling system conditioner of described coolant heater of heating; If with the load of request heating of battery, actuated pump and set controlled coolant line line selection and decide valve so, cooling system conditioner is guided through the coolant heating branch road of the RESS coolant loop that comprises battery pack and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, thereby in cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, the cooling system conditioner of the coolant heating branch road of flowing through will be from the cooling system conditioner heat absorption of the heater core branch road of flowing through.
an embodiment imagines a kind of heating power and controls the main cabin of vehicle and the method for battery pack, and described vehicle has engine installation, and described method comprises step: detect battery pack and whether ask the heating of battery load, whether the coolant temperature in the detection engine installation is higher than predetermined temperature threshold, detect the main cabin and whether ask the main cabin heating load, if the coolant temperature in engine installation is not higher than predetermined temperature threshold and ask the main cabin heating load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump, heater core branch road with the engine installation coolant loop by comprising heater core in coolant heater, HVAC module and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger with the cooling system conditioner pumping, activate coolant heater with the heating cooling system conditioner of described coolant heater of flowing through, and activate blowing engine so that air stream through described heater core, if the coolant temperature in engine installation is more than or equal to predetermined temperature threshold and ask the main cabin heating load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump, so that the heater core branch road is passed through in the cooling system conditioner pumping, set valve so that cooling system conditioner is guided through the engine installation the engine installation branch road and gets back to the heater core branch road from the heater core branch road, and activate blowing engine so that air stream through described heater core, if with coolant temperature in engine installation more than or equal to predetermined temperature threshold, request main cabin heating load, and request heating of battery load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump, so that the heater core branch road is passed through in the cooling system conditioner pumping, set valve so that cooling system conditioner is guided through the engine installation the engine installation branch road and gets back to the heater core branch road from the heater core branch road, activate blowing engine so that air stream through described heater core, actuated pump and set controlled coolant line line selection and decide valve, cooling system conditioner is guided through the coolant heating branch road of the RESS coolant loop that comprises battery pack and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, thereby in cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, flowing through the cooling system conditioner of coolant heating branch road will be from the heat absorption of the cooling system conditioner of the heater core branch road of flowing through.
The benefit of embodiment is: in various mode of vehicle operation, single coolant heater can provide heating to the cooling system conditioner of the heater core in the HVAC module and battery pack.Thereby cooling system conditioner can be used in main cabin heating and battery pack heating, and does not need the additional coolant temperature booster of battery pack.This can reduce cost, weight and the complexity of HVAC and RESS heating power management system.
The benefit of embodiment is: the cooling system conditioner that is used for the heating battery group keeps separating with the cooling system conditioner that is used for engine installation, thereby protects the cooling system conditioner of the battery pack of flowing through can not be subject to potential high temperature and high pressure and the impact of the chip that may exist in the cooling system conditioner of engine installation of flowing through.Even only need to have a coolant heater in whole system; And even in the situation that the heat energy that is absorbed by the cooling system conditioner of the engine installation of flowing through is enough in the heating battery group also can realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram with vehicle of HVAC and RESS therrmodynamic system.
Fig. 2 shows the table be used to the serviceability of the method for the various heat demand that satisfy main cabin and RESS.
The specific embodiment
With reference to figure 1, the part by 20 vehicles that represent comprises vehicle HVAC and RESS heating power management system 22 generally.System 22 comprises air regulation part 24 and heating part 25.
Air regulation partly has the evaporator 26 in HVAC module 28 and can be arranged in other refrigerant system component of the machinery space 32 of vehicle 20, and HVAC module 28 can be arranged in main cabin/cargo hold 30.Blowing engine 27 can be arranged in HVAC module 28, passes through module 28 optionally to impel air.Other refrigerant system component can comprise evaporator TXV Thermal Expansion Valve 34 (or other expansion gear) and cooling vessel TXV Thermal Expansion Valve 36 (or other expansion gear), evaporator TXV Thermal Expansion Valve 34 is controlled the refrigerant stream by evaporator 26, and cooling vessel TXV Thermal Expansion Valve 36 is used for controlling the refrigerant stream by refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (cooling vessel) 38.Be directed into compressor 40 from flow through expansion valve 34,36 refrigerant of evaporator 26 and cooling vessel 38, then be directed into condenser 42.Dotted line in Fig. 1 represents the pipeline that refrigerant is flowed through.
The 3rd exit position 60 (position 3) on four-way cock 56 is directed to RESS radiator 62 with cooling system conditioner, and then gets back to battery pack 46 via air eliminator 48 and cooling medium pump 52.When the battery that only needs some moderate amount is cooling, the coolant flowpaths that can adopt the 3rd exit position 60 and obtain, thus do not need to activate coolant system.
The first exit position 64 (position 1) on four-way cock 56 is directed to cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 with cooling system conditioner.Cooling system conditioner is directed to cooling medium pump 52 and then gets back to battery pack 46 from H Exch 66.This H Exch 66 allows heat to be delivered to when needed in the cooling system conditioner of the battery pack 46 of flowing through, and does not need special temperature booster or thermal source to come heating battery group 46.Other cooling system conditioner of H Exch 66 heater core 68 from HVAC module 28 of flowing through receives, and heater core 68 is parts of the heating part 25 of HVAC and RESS heating power management system 22.The cooling system conditioner of heater core 68 of flowing through is parts of engine installation coolant loop 75 and does not mix with cooling system conditioner in RESS coolant loop 53.The HVAC module also can comprise combination gates 69, and combination gates 69 are guided through or walk around heater core 68 with a certain proportion of air.
So in fact RESS coolant loop 53 comprises three branch roads, cooling system conditioner can be guided through described three branch roads by four-way cock 56.The first exit position 64 is directed to cooling system conditioner in coolant heating branch road 57, coolant heating branch road 57 is guided through cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 with cooling system conditioner, the second exit position 58 is directed to cooling system conditioner in cooling vessel branch road 59, cooling vessel branch road 59 is guided through cooling vessel 38 with cooling system conditioner, and the 3rd exit position 60 is directed to cooling system conditioner in RESS radiator branch road 61, and RESS radiator branch road 61 is guided through RESS radiator 62 with cooling system conditioner.Alternatively, cooling vessel 38 and expansion valve 36 can save, and are only the bypasses of battery cooling system conditioner thereby make cooling vessel branch road 59.
Engine installation coolant loop 75 also comprises triple valve 70, and triple valve 70 receives cooling system conditioner from H Exch 66 at cooling system conditioner after heater core 68 flows out.Triple valve 70 can switch to the second place 73 (position 2), so that cooling system conditioner is guided to HVAC cooling medium pump 74 and then gets back to heater core 68 by coolant heater 76 by T shape pipe 72.Coolant heater 76 can be the suitable assembly in coolant flow any type of heats coolant during through coolant heater 76.Triple valve 70 also can switch to primary importance 71 (position 1), cooling system conditioner is directed to engine installation 78.Engine installation 78 can be for example combustion engine or fuel cell unit.Engine installation 78 can have the coolant lines that extends to radiator 80, and radiator 80 can be positioned near cooling fan 82.High-temperature buffer tank 86 can be connected to radiator 80, to allow het expansion and the contraction of cooling system conditioner.Engine installation 78 also has the coolant outlet 84 that cooling system conditioner is directed to T shape pipe 72.By means of this device, heat energy enough offers flow through cooling system conditioners of heater core 68 from coolant heater 76, engine installation 78 or both.And from the heater core 68 cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 of flowing through, thereby heat also can offer flow through cooling system conditioners of battery pack 46 from coolant heater 76, engine installation 78 or both due to this cooling system conditioner.
So in fact engine installation coolant loop 75 comprises three branch roads, cooling system conditioner can be introduced wherein two branch roads by triple valve 70.The first exit position 71 is directed to cooling system conditioner in engine installation branch road 81, engine installation branch road 81 is directed to cooling system conditioner in engine installation 78, the second exit position 73 is directed to cooling system conditioner in heater core branch road 83, and heater core branch road 83 is guided through heater core 68 with cooling system conditioner.The 3rd branch road, radiator branch road 85 is guided through radiator 80 with cooling system conditioner.Stream by this branch road 85 can be controlled and be passed through this branch road by the pumping of water pump (not shown) by the calorstat (not shown).
HVAC and RESS heating power management system 22 also can comprise for detection of the temperature at some somes place in this system or the various sensors of pressure.For example, HVAC and RESS heating power management system 22 can comprise for the high pressure side sensor 86 of measuring the refrigerant pressure after refrigerant has just left compressor 40 with for the low pressure side sensor 88 of measuring the refrigerant pressure before refrigerant enters compressor 40.Can adopt evaporator air temperature sensor 90 to measure the air themperature that flows out evaporator 26.And, can adopt the first coolant temperature sensor 92 to measure coolant temperature in battery pack 46 upstreams, and can adopt the second coolant temperature sensor 94 to measure coolant temperature after cooling system conditioner has just left battery pack 46.
Fig. 2 shows demonstration for the table of some possible operation states of the method for the various heat demand that satisfy main cabin/cargo hold shown in Figure 1 30 and RESS 44.Cooling and demand heating of RESS 44 can depend on environmental aspect, current electric power consumption and current RESS temperature, and this can be different from or heating load cooling when the fore cabin.
For the first operation mode of listing in Fig. 2, vehicle switches on power in cold environmental operations situation (that is, batteries charging when vehicle 20 stops), and the heating of battery pack 46 is expected between charge period.In this pattern, triple valve 70 switches to the second place 73 and four-way cock 56 switches to the first exit position 64.And in HVAC cooling medium pump 74, coolant heater 76 and cooling medium pump 52 and RESS pump 54 one or both activated.Thereby, HVAC cooling medium pump 74 is by passing through engine installation coolant loop 75 by coolant heater 76 with the cooling system conditioner pumping with the cooling system conditioner pumping, cooling system conditioner is heated in coolant heater 76, then coolant flow heater via core 68 (because blowing engine 27 does not activate, seldom heat of loss).This cooling system conditioner cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 of then flowing through, the triple valve 70 of flowing through (being guided through the second outlet 73) is got back to pump 74 by T shape pipe 72.In addition, cooling system conditioner is by means of from first outlet 64 and by cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 be pumped through RESS coolant loop 53 of battery pack 46 pumpings by four-way cock 56, cooling system conditioner in cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 from the cooling system conditioner heat absorption of agent temperature booster 76 heating that just are cooled of flowing out from heater core 68.Then cooling system conditioner after heating leads back to battery pack 46, in this heating battery group 46.Thereby in this pattern, the energy that comes from coolant heater 76 is exclusively used in heating battery group 46, is even also like this when the cooling system conditioner of the coolant heater 76 of flowing through or not battery pack 46.
For the second listed operation mode of Fig. 2, vehicle switches on power in cold environmental operations situation (that is, batteries charging when vehicle 20 stops) and has received the request that the main cabin is regulated in advance, and the heating of battery pack 46 is expected between charge period.It is the heating that the operator asks main cabin 30 before entering vehicle that the main cabin is regulated in advance.In this pattern, triple valve 70 switches to the second place 73 and four-way cock 56 switches to the second exit position 58.And HVAC cooling medium pump 74, coolant heater 76 and blowing engine 27 activated, and combination gates 69 are moved into all or nearly all air stream are guided through heater core 68 from blowing engine 27.Thereby by coolant heater 76, cooling system conditioner is heated in coolant heater 76 HVAC cooling medium pump 74, then coolant flow heater via core 68 with the cooling system conditioner pumping.When coolant flow heater via core 68, the air of the HVAC module 28 of flowing through will be from heater core 68 heat absorptions.This cooling system conditioner cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 of then flowing through, the triple valve 70 of flowing through (being guided through the second outlet 73), and get back to pump 74 by T shape pipe 72.Not from the battery pack 46 cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 of flowing through, thereby it is cooling to can't help this H Exch 66 from the cooling system conditioner that heater core 68 flows out due to cooling system conditioner.Thereby in this pattern, the energy that comes from coolant heater 76 is exclusively used in and heats main cabin 30.And due to vehicle 20 inoperation, this pattern optimum selection has time limitation, if vehicle operators does not enter and starts vehicle 20, hang up in the certain hour amount so.This time gap can be for example ten minutes.
For the 3rd listed operation mode of Fig. 2, vehicle is operated (that is, driving), engine installation 78 inoperation with the charge consumption pattern.In this operation mode, battery charge is consumed, and the operating conditions of HVAC and RESS heating power management system 22 only is to provide the main cabin heating, rather than heating of battery.In this pattern, triple valve 70 switches to the second place 73 and four-way cock 56 switches to the second exit position 58.And HVAC cooling medium pump 74, coolant heater 76 and blowing engine 27 activated, and combination gates 69 are moved into all or nearly all air stream are guided through heater core 68 from blowing engine 27.By coolant heater 76, cooling system conditioner is heated in coolant heater 76 HVAC cooling medium pump 74, then coolant flow heater via core 68 with the cooling system conditioner pumping.When coolant flow heater via core 68, the air of the HVAC module 28 of flowing through will be from heater core 68 heat absorptions.This cooling system conditioner cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 of then flowing through, the triple valve 70 of flowing through (being guided through the second outlet 73), and get back to pump 74 by T shape pipe 72.Not from the battery pack 46 cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 of flowing through, thereby it is cooling to can't help this H Exch 66 from the cooling system conditioner that heater core 68 flows out due to cooling system conditioner.Thereby in this pattern, the energy that comes from coolant heater 76 is exclusively used in and heats main cabin 30.
For the 4th listed operation mode of Fig. 2, vehicle is operated (that is, driving) with the electric charge Holdover mode, and engine installation 78 operates to charge to battery pack 46, but the coolant temperature of the engine installation 78 of flowing through is lower than the predetermined minimum temperature threshold value.Can not provide heating because the cooling system conditioner in the engine installation loop is warm not, thereby the cooling system conditioner of the cooling system conditioner in the engine installation loop of flowing through and the heater core 68 of flowing through keeping isolation, is also like this for the second and the 3rd operation mode.Again, coolant heater 76 provides heating for main cabin 30, and valve and pump and the 3rd operation mode operate in the same manner, thereby HVAC and RESS heating power management system 22 only provide the main cabin heating.
For the 5th listed operation mode of Fig. 2, vehicle is operated (that is, driving) with the electric charge Holdover mode, and engine installation 78 operates to charge to battery pack 46, but the coolant temperature of the engine installation 78 of flowing through is equal to or higher than the predetermined minimum temperature threshold value.Enough heat is providing heating due to the cooling system conditioner in the engine installation loop, thereby the cooling system conditioner in the engine installation loop 75 of flowing through also is conducted through heater core 68 and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66.Add heat absorption capacity because this is additional, produce enough heat by this HVAC system operating conditions main cabin and heating of battery are provided.
Thereby triple valve 70 is switched to primary importance 71, and four-way cock 56 switches between the first exit position 64 and the second exit position 58.And in HVAC cooling medium pump 74, blowing engine 27 and cooling medium pump 52 and RESS pump 54 one or both activated.HVAC cooling medium pump 74 passes through coolant heater 76 and heater core 68 with the cooling system conditioner pumping.When coolant flow heater via core 68, the air of the HVAC module 28 of flowing through will be from heater core 68 heat absorptions, to provide heat to main cabin 30.This cooling system conditioner cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 of then flowing through, the triple valve 70 of flowing through (being guided through the first outlet 71), and flow into engine installation 78.Cooling system conditioner time heat absorption and then drawing by coolant outlet 84 in engine installation 78 is got back to pump 74-by T shape pipe 72 and is completed engine installation coolant loop 75.When battery pack 46 need to be heated, four-way cock 56 activated, and cooling system conditioner being guided through the first exit position 64, thereby cooling system conditioner will be conducted through cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66.The cooling system conditioner heat absorption that this cooling system conditioner will flow out from heater core 68, and then back be guided through battery pack 46-and complete RESS coolant loop 53.Thereby the heat that comes from engine installation 78 is used for main cabin and battery pack heating.
Due in the 5th operation mode, battery pack 46 may not need the so much heat in main cabin 30, thereby four-way cock can circulate every now and then, cooling system conditioner is guided through the second outlet 58.Thus, cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger 66 is by bypass, thereby there is no heat to offer to flow through the cooling system conditioner of battery pack 46, but heat still offers main cabin 30.Alternatively, the difference of heating can be controlled by setting four-way cock 56, allowing a part of cooling system conditioner to be conducted through the first outlet 64 and the other parts cooling system conditioner is guided through the second outlet 58, rather than makes valve 56 reciprocation cycle.Certainly, this possibility will need to use the valve that can allow proportional flow to control.
In addition, in the 5th operation mode, coolant heater 76 can activated as required, to replenish the heat that is offered cooling system conditioner by engine installation 78.This can for example occur when the low ambient temperature situation or when engine installation 78 is fuel cell (relative with combustion engine).
Other pattern can comprise needs main cabin and/or the cooling pattern of battery.In these patterns, can adopt compressor 40, cooling vessel 38 and/or RESS radiator 62, so that the cooling of expectation to be provided, valve and pump are correspondingly activated.
Although described some embodiment of the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art of the invention will recognize the of the present invention various optional design and implementation example that is limited by appended claims for practice.
Claims (20)
1. HVAC and RESS heating power management system that is used for vehicle, described vehicle comprises main cabin, engine installation and battery pack, described system comprises:
The RESS coolant loop, described RESS coolant loop is configured to cooling system conditioner is guided through battery pack, and comprises: be used for the pump of cooling system conditioner pumping by described RESS coolant loop; Coolant heating branch road with cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger; Decide valve with controlled coolant line line selection, described controlled coolant line line selection decides that valve is actuatable optionally is guided through described coolant heating branch road with cooling system conditioner; With
The engine installation coolant loop, described engine installation coolant loop comprises the heater core branch road, described heater core branch road has for HVAC pump, coolant heater, heater core and the cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger of cooling system conditioner pumping by described heater core branch road, described heater core is configured to be arranged in the HVAC module, to provide heat to the main cabin, cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger is configured to provide between cooling system conditioner in the coolant heating branch road and the cooling system conditioner in the heater core branch road heat transmission.
2. system according to claim 1, wherein, described engine installation coolant loop comprises that the engine installation branch road and the line selection of controlled heating circuit coolant line that are configured to cooling system conditioner is guided through described engine installation decide valve, and the line selection of described controlled heating circuit coolant line decides that valve is actuatable optionally is guided through described engine installation branch road and the described engine installation branch road of bypass optionally with cooling system conditioner.
3. system according to claim 2, wherein, described RESS coolant loop comprises the cooling vessel branch road with cooling vessel, described controlled coolant line line selection decides that thereby valve is actuatable optionally is guided through the described cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger of described cooling vessel branch road bypass with cooling system conditioner, and actuatable cooling system conditioner optionally is guided through the coolant heating branch road.
4. system according to claim 3, wherein, described chiller configuration becomes to receive the refrigerant stream that therefrom passes through, and described refrigerant stream is suitable for the cooling system conditioner heat absorption from the cooling vessel of flowing through.
5. system according to claim 1, wherein, described RESS coolant loop comprises the cooling vessel branch road with cooling vessel, described controlled coolant line line selection decides that thereby valve is actuatable optionally is guided through the described cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger of described cooling vessel branch road bypass with cooling system conditioner, and actuatable cooling system conditioner optionally is guided through the coolant heating branch road.
6. system according to claim 5, wherein, described RESS coolant loop comprises the RESS radiator branch road with RESS radiator, valve is actuatable optionally is guided through the described cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger of described RESS radiator branch road bypass with cooling system conditioner thereby described controlled coolant line line selection is decided, actuatable cooling system conditioner optionally is guided through described cooling vessel branch road, and actuatable cooling system conditioner optionally is guided through the coolant heating branch road.
7. system according to claim 6, wherein, described RESS coolant loop comprises air eliminator, described air eliminator is communicated with at least one fluid in described RESS radiator branch road and described cooling vessel branch road.
8. system according to claim 1, wherein, described RESS coolant loop comprises the RESS radiator branch road with RESS radiator, described controlled coolant line line selection decides that thereby valve is actuatable optionally is guided through the described cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger of described RESS radiator branch road bypass with cooling system conditioner, and actuatable cooling system conditioner optionally is guided through the coolant heating branch road.
9. system according to claim 1 comprises being configured to measure being right after in the first coolant temperature sensor of the coolant temperature of battery pack upstream and being configured to measure the second coolant temperature sensor that is right after at the coolant temperature in battery pack downstream.
10. a heating power is controlled the main cabin of vehicle and the method for battery pack, and described vehicle has engine installation, and described method comprises step:
(a) detect battery pack and whether ask the heating of battery load;
(b) if the load of request heating of battery, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump, with the heater core branch road of the engine installation coolant loop by comprising coolant heater and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger with the cooling system conditioner pumping, and activate coolant heater with the flow through cooling system conditioner of described coolant heater of heating; With
(c) if the load of request heating of battery, actuated pump and set controlled coolant line line selection and decide valve so, cooling system conditioner is guided through the coolant heating branch road of the RESS coolant loop that comprises battery pack and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, thereby in cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, the cooling system conditioner of the coolant heating branch road of flowing through will be from the cooling system conditioner heat absorption of the heater core branch road of flowing through.
11. method according to claim 10, wherein, step (b) also is defined as: if the load of request heating of battery is passed through heater core with the cooling system conditioner pumping so, described heater core is arranged in the heater core branch road and is arranged in the HVAC module.
12. method according to claim 10 comprises:
(d) detect battery pack and whether ask the battery cooling load;
(e) if the battery cooling load detected and the battery cooling load is the cooling of relatively low amount, actuated pump and set controlled coolant line line selection and decide valve so is with bypass coolant heating branch road and cooling system conditioner is guided through the RESS radiator of the RESS radiator branch road that is arranged in the RESS coolant loop; With
(f) if the battery cooling load detected and the battery cooling load is the cooling of a large amount relatively, actuated pump so, setting controlled coolant line line selection decides valve with bypass coolant heating branch road and cooling system conditioner is guided through the cooling vessel of the cooling vessel branch road that is arranged in the RESS coolant loop, and actuating coolant compressor, make the cooled refrigerant cooling vessel of flowing through, thereby from the cooling system conditioner heat absorption of the cooling vessel of flowing through.
13. method according to claim 10 comprises:
(d) whether the coolant temperature in the detection engine installation is higher than predetermined temperature threshold; With
(e) if the coolant temperature in engine installation more than or equal to predetermined temperature threshold and asked the heating of battery load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump with the heater core branch road of the engine installation coolant loop by comprising cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger with the cooling system conditioner pumping, set valve so that cooling system conditioner is guided through the engine installation the engine installation branch road and gets back to the heater core branch road from the heater core branch road, and actuated pump and set controlled coolant line line selection and decide valve, cooling system conditioner is guided through the coolant heating branch road, thereby in cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, flowing through the cooling system conditioner of coolant heating branch road will be from the heat absorption of the cooling system conditioner of the heater core branch road of flowing through.
14. method according to claim 13 comprises:
(f) detect the main cabin and whether ask the main cabin heating load; With
(g) if the coolant temperature in engine installation more than or equal to predetermined temperature threshold and request main cabin heating load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump, so that the heater core branch road is passed through in the cooling system conditioner pumping, set valve so that cooling system conditioner is guided through the engine installation the engine installation branch road and gets back to the heater core branch road from the heater core branch road, and activate blowing engine so that air stream through described heater core.
15. a heating power is controlled the main cabin of vehicle and the method for battery pack, described vehicle has engine installation, and described method comprises step:
(a) detect battery pack and whether ask the heating of battery load;
(b) whether the coolant temperature in the detection engine installation is higher than predetermined temperature threshold;
(c) detect the main cabin and whether ask the main cabin heating load;
(d) if the coolant temperature in engine installation not higher than predetermined temperature threshold and request main cabin heating load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump, heater core branch road with the engine installation coolant loop by comprising heater core in coolant heater, HVAC module and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger with the cooling system conditioner pumping, activate coolant heater with the heating cooling system conditioner of described coolant heater of flowing through, and activate blowing engine so that air stream through described heater core;
(e) if the coolant temperature in engine installation more than or equal to predetermined temperature threshold and request main cabin heating load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump so that the heater core branch road is passed through in the cooling system conditioner pumping, set valve so that cooling system conditioner is guided through the engine installation the engine installation branch road and gets back to the heater core branch road from the heater core branch road, and activate blowing engine so that air stream through described heater core; With
(f) if the coolant temperature in engine installation more than or equal to predetermined temperature threshold, request main cabin heating load, and request heating of battery load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump so that the heater core branch road is passed through in the cooling system conditioner pumping, set valve so that cooling system conditioner is guided through the engine installation the engine installation branch road and gets back to the heater core branch road from the heater core branch road, activate blowing engine so that air stream through described heater core, actuated pump and set controlled coolant line line selection and decide valve, cooling system conditioner is guided through the coolant heating branch road of the RESS coolant loop that comprises battery pack and cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, thereby in cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, flowing through the cooling system conditioner of coolant heating branch road will be from the heat absorption of the cooling system conditioner of the heater core branch road of flowing through.
16. method according to claim 15, wherein, step (f) also is defined as: make described controlled coolant line line selection decide valve and circulate cooling system conditioner being guided through the coolant heating branch road and being guided through between the branch road of bypass cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger of RESS coolant loop.
17. method according to claim 15, wherein, step (f) also is defined as: set described controlled coolant line line selection and decide valve, decide first in the cooling system conditioner of valve with the described controlled coolant line line selection of flowing through and be directed in the coolant heating branch road and the described controlled coolant line line selection of flowing through is decided in the branch road of bypass cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger that remainder in the cooling system conditioner of valve is directed to the RESS coolant loop.
18. method according to claim 15, wherein, step (e) also is defined as: if the coolant temperature in engine installation is more than or equal to predetermined temperature threshold, ask main cabin heating load and ambient air temperature lower than the specific environment temperature threshold, so optionally activated coolant heater to produce additional coolant heating.
19. method according to claim 15 comprises:
(g) if the main cabin heating load do not detected and asked the heating of battery load, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump so that the heater core branch road is passed through in the cooling system conditioner pumping, activate coolant heater with the flow through cooling system conditioner of described coolant heater of heating, actuated pump and set controlled coolant line line selection and decide valve cooling system conditioner is guided through the coolant heating branch road, thereby in cooling system conditioner-coolant heat exchanger, the cooling system conditioner of the coolant heating branch road of flowing through will be from the cooling system conditioner heat absorption of the heater core branch road of flowing through.
20. method according to claim 15 comprises:
(g) whether detection asks the main cabin to be regulated in advance;
(h) if ask the main cabin to be regulated in advance, activate so the HVAC cooling medium pump so that the heater core branch road is passed through in the cooling system conditioner pumping, activate coolant heater with the heating cooling system conditioner of described coolant heater of flowing through, and activate blowing engine so that air stream through described heater core;
(i) the detection main cabin is regulated in advance and how long has been activated; With
(j) regulate in advance when having activated greater than predetermined amount of time when the main cabin, end the main cabin and regulate in advance.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US12/176,432 | 2008-07-21 | ||
| US12/176432 | 2008-07-21 | ||
| US12/176,432 US7975757B2 (en) | 2008-07-21 | 2008-07-21 | Vehicle HVAC and RESS thermal management |
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| CN101633306A CN101633306A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| CN101633306B true CN101633306B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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| CN200910151098XA Active CN101633306B (en) | 2008-07-21 | 2009-07-21 | Vehicle HVAC and RESS thermal management |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US7975757B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101633306B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102009033959B4 (en) |
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Also Published As
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|---|---|
| US20100012295A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
| US7975757B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
| DE102009033959A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
| DE102009033959B4 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
| CN101633306A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
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