JP2014023504A - Hydroponic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroponic device which hardly causes root rot, is capable of allowing fertilizer to be contained in water automatically during operation even when normal water containing no fertilizer is used, and efficiently growing plants.SOLUTION: A hydroponic device is equipped with: a culture tank 1 which supports a plant A; a liquid tank 2 which is installed under the culture tank 1 and in which culture solution B is pooled; culture solution transfer means 3 which connects the culture tank 1 with the liquid tank 2. The culture solution transfer means 3 alternately performs, every predetermined time, culture solution supply in which the culture solution B is supplied from the liquid tank 2 to the culture tank 1 and culture solution discharge in which the culture solution B is discharged from the culture tank 1 to the liquid tank 2, a discharge port 5 which drops the culture solution B toward the liquid tank 2 when the culture solution B in the culture tank 1 exceeds a fixed depth is formed at the top portion of the culture tank 1, and in the liquid tank 2, granular soil containing fertilizer is housed in a receiving portion of the culture solution B dropped from the discharge port 5.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

Usually, plants are cultivated by being planted in soil, but in recent years, hydroponics that is less susceptible to the effects of pests and the like and can stably cultivate plants has been widely used.
In hydroponics, a nutrient solution in which fertilizer is dissolved in water is stored in a cultivation tank, a plant is planted in the cultivation tank, and the roots of the plant are immersed in the nutrient solution to absorb moisture and nutrients in the nutrient solution from the root. It is common to cultivate plants.
However, if the roots of the plant are always immersed in a nutrient solution that remains in a pooled state, root rot is likely to occur due to lack of oxygen.

Therefore, conventionally, the plant cultivation tank is installed above the liquid fertilizer tank, the supply means for supplying the liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer tank to the plant cultivation tank, and the liquid fertilizer in the plant cultivation tank is discharged to the liquid fertilizer tank. A hydroponic cultivation device using a motor with a timer that has a discharge mechanism, a plant cultivation tank and a liquid fertilizer tank connected by a siphon, and a switch that operates in connection with the drainage action of the siphon in the drive mechanism of the supply means is proposed (Patent Document 1).
This hydroponic cultivation device operates the motor every predetermined time to deepen the liquid fertilizer in the plant cultivation tank, soak the roots of the plant in the liquid fertilizer, and shallow the liquid fertilizer in the plant cultivation tank by siphon In addition, since the root of the plant is exposed alternately, the root rot of the plant can be prevented.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-58561

However, the conventional hydroponics device must use liquid fertilizer in which fertilizer is dissolved in water in advance, and liquid fertilizer must be added when the amount of liquid fertilizer decreases as plants grow. I had to.
The problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is difficult to cause root rot, and even when using ordinary water that does not contain fertilizer, the fertilizer can be automatically contained in the water during operation, so that the plant can be efficiently cultivated. It is to provide a cultivation apparatus.

The present invention includes a cultivation tank that supports a plant, a liquid tank that is installed below the cultivation tank and stores a nutrient solution that is absorbed by the plant, and a nutrient solution transfer means that connects the cultivation tank and the liquid tank. The nutrient solution transfer means includes a nutrient solution supply for supplying the nutrient solution from the liquid tank to the cultivation tank, and a nutrient solution discharge for discharging the nutrient solution from the cultivation tank to the liquid tank at predetermined time intervals. Regarding the hydroponic cultivation apparatus to be performed alternately, on the upper part of the cultivation tank, when the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank exceeds a certain depth, a discharge port for dropping the nutrient solution toward the liquid tank is formed, In the liquid tank, granular soil containing fertilizer is stored in a receiving portion for the nutrient solution falling from the discharge port.
A permeable saucer may be detachably fitted to the nutrient solution accepting portion, and granular soil containing fertilizer may be stored in the saucer.

According to the first aspect of the invention, it is difficult to receive damage from pests, and while carrying out clean hydroponics, alternately immersing the roots of the plant to be cultivated in the nutrient solution and exposing from the nutrient solution Root rotting is unlikely to occur.
In addition, the nutrient solution that falls from the outlet of the cultivation tank passes through the granular soil containing fertilizer and enters the liquid tank, so even if water that does not contain fertilizer is used, the fertilizer gradually dissolves during operation, and the plant efficiently Can be cultivated.
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2, when granular soil is crushed with the pressure of the water which falls, or the density | concentration of fertilizer becomes thin, granular soil can be replaced | exchanged easily by attaching / detaching a saucer.

The perspective view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which shows the Example of this invention. The front view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which shows the Example of this invention. The principal part sectional drawing of the cultivation tank which concerns on the Example of this invention. Sectional drawing of the acceptance part which concerns on the Example of this invention. The front view in the cultivation tank full state of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which shows the Example of this invention. The front view in the liquid tank full state of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which shows the Example of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention is installed below the cultivation tank 1 that supports the plant A and the nutrient solution B that is absorbed by the plant A and is stored below the cultivation tank 1. A liquid tank 2 and a nutrient solution transfer means 3 for connecting the cultivation tank 1 and the liquid tank 2 are provided.

The cultivation tank 1 is placed on the upper surface of the liquid tank 2 and can accommodate the nutrient solution B therein.
The area of the plane of the cultivation tank 1 is smaller than the area of the plane of the liquid tank 2. When the cultivation tank 1 is placed on the liquid tank 2, a part of the upper surface of the liquid tank 2 is exposed without being blocked by the cultivation tank 1. It is like that.
When the nutrient solution B in the cultivation tank 1 exceeds a certain depth on the side of the cultivation tank 1 facing the exposed portion of the upper surface of the liquid tank 2, the nutrient solution B is placed on the upper surface of the liquid tank 2. A discharge port 5 is formed to be dropped toward. Around the discharge port 5, a cylindrical watering guide member 6 that is inclined so as to gradually spread toward the distal end side is mounted so that the nutrient solution B is dispersed and dropped.

A plurality of cylinders 7 whose upper and lower surfaces are opened are suspended on the upper surface of the cultivation tank 1, and plant supports 8 are respectively installed inside the cylinders 7 as shown in FIG. 3. The plant support 8 is installed at a position slightly lower than the outlet 5 of the cultivation tank 1.
The material and shape of the plant support 8 are not particularly limited as long as the plant support 8 can support the plant A and can penetrate the root of the plant A. For example, a sponge board, a net, or gravel can be used.
In addition, you may arrange | position the plant support body 8 in the upper surface whole surface of the cultivation tank 1, without providing the cylinder 7. FIG.

On the exposed upper surface of the liquid tank 2, the receiving portion 9 for the nutrient solution B falling from the discharge port 5 is opened, and the nutrient solution B dropped from the discharge port 5 falls into the liquid tank 2.
As shown in FIG. 4, a water-permeable tray 10 is detachably fitted in the receiving portion 9, and granular soil 11 containing fertilizer is stored in the tray 10.
Accordingly, the nutrient solution B falling from the discharge port 5 enters the tray 10 while being diffused by the water spray guide member 6 and passes between the granular soils 11 stored in the tray 10 before falling into the liquid tank 2. The fertilizer contained in the granular soil 11 is dissolved in the nutrient solution B.

The granular soil 11 containing a fertilizer is formed into a granular form by adding and kneading a liquid fertilizer obtained by fermenting a mixture of animal and vegetable residues and water with microorganisms to soil containing clay.
Food waste is used as the animal and plant residue, and this is ground and added with water, a microbial group, and a microbial activator, followed by fermentation and aging treatment for about two weeks to obtain a liquid fertilizer. When this liquid fertilizer is added to the soil in a weight ratio of 10 to 40% and kneaded at a rotation speed of 15 to 50 times / minute for 2 hours to 5 hours, a granular soil 11 containing the fertilizer is obtained.
The fertilizer contained in the granular soil 11 thus produced contains three elements (nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium) and various amino acids necessary for plant growth.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the nutrient solution transfer means 3 is connected to a lower end portion of a siphon tube 12 whose upper portion is curved in an inverted U shape by connecting a pumping pump 14 driven by a motor 13 with a timer. Become. The operation and stop of the motor 13, that is, the operation and stop of the pumping pump 14 can be appropriately set with a timer so as to be repeated alternately at predetermined time intervals.
The upper part of the siphon tube 12 is inserted into the cultivation tank 1, and its tip opens near the bottom of the cultivation tank 1. The pumping pump 14 is installed near the bottom of the liquid tank 2.

When the motor 13 is operated, the pumping pump 14 pumps up the nutrient solution B in the liquid tank 2 and supplies it to the cultivation tank 1 from the tip of the siphon tube 12.
The nutrient solution B supplied to the cultivation tank 1 gradually becomes deeper and reaches the plant support 8 in the cylinder 7, and the plant A planted on the plant support 8 is immersed in the nutrient solution B.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the nutrient solution B reaches the discharge port 5, the nutrient solution B subsequently supplied to the cultivation tank 1 falls to the receiving unit 9 through the discharge port 5, and the nutrient solution B in the cultivation tank 1 The water level is kept constant.
Further, the nutrient solution B dropped on the receiving portion 9 passes between the granular soils 11 stored in the receiving tray 10 and falls into the liquid tank 2. At this time, the fertilizer contained in the granular soil 11 melts into the nutrient solution B.

When the motor 13 is stopped after the time set by the timer has elapsed, the pumping pump 14 is stopped, and the nutrient solution B in the cultivation tank 1 is discharged into the liquid tank 2 through the siphon tube 12. As shown in FIG. 6, the water level of the nutrient solution B in the cultivation tank 1 is lowered below the cylinder 7, and the plant A planted on the plant support 8 is exposed.
Further, when the motor 13 is activated after a predetermined time has elapsed, the nutrient solution B in the liquid tank 2 is supplied again to the cultivation tank 1, and this is repeated so that the plant A is immersed in the nutrient solution B, and the nutrient solution B The exposure is alternately performed.

Further, the fertilizer contained in the granular soil 11 gradually dissolves in the nutrient solution B while the nutrient solution B circulates through the cultivation tank 1 and the liquid tank 2 through the discharge port 5 and the receiving unit 9.
Therefore, initially, water containing no fertilizer is put into the liquid tank 2 and the water circulation between the cultivation tank 1 and the liquid tank 2 is repeated a plurality of times to obtain a nutrient solution B in which the fertilizer is sufficiently dissolved. Plant A can be planted in 8.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation tank 2 Liquid tank 3 Nutrient solution transfer means 5 Discharge port 6 Sprinkling guide member 7 Cylindrical body 8 Plant support 9 Receiving part 10 Receiving tray 11 Granular soil 12 Siphon tube 13 Motor 14 Pumping pump

Claims (2)

  A cultivation tank that supports the plant; a liquid tank that is installed below the cultivation tank and stores a nutrient solution that is absorbed by the plant; and a nutrient solution transfer means that connects the cultivation tank and the liquid tank, The nutrient solution transfer means is a water that alternately performs a nutrient solution supply for supplying the nutrient solution from the liquid tank to the cultivation tank and a nutrient solution discharge for discharging the nutrient solution from the cultivation tank to the liquid tank every predetermined time. In the cultivation cultivation apparatus, on the upper part of the cultivation tank, when the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank exceeds a certain depth, an outlet for dropping the nutrient solution toward the liquid tank is formed, in the liquid tank, The hydroponic cultivation apparatus characterized by the granular soil containing a fertilizer being accommodated in the receiving part of the nutrient solution falling from the said discharge port.   The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a water-permeable tray is detachably fitted to the nutrient solution receiving portion, and granular soil containing fertilizer is stored in the tray.

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