JP2014015423A - 芝生用の藻苔類防除剤および芝生に生える藻苔類の防除方法 - Google Patents
芝生用の藻苔類防除剤および芝生に生える藻苔類の防除方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014015423A JP2014015423A JP2012154490A JP2012154490A JP2014015423A JP 2014015423 A JP2014015423 A JP 2014015423A JP 2012154490 A JP2012154490 A JP 2012154490A JP 2012154490 A JP2012154490 A JP 2012154490A JP 2014015423 A JP2014015423 A JP 2014015423A
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Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
芝生に生える主な藻苔類として、例えば、フォルミジウム(Phormidium)属、ノストック(Nostoc)属などの藍藻類を挙げることができる。フォルミジウム属の藻類は地表に平面的に広がる外観を有し、ノストック属の藻類はキクラゲに似た外観を有する。このような藻苔類は、土壌水分の多い場所、肥料成分である燐酸が土壌表層に多い場所または適度な日当たりのある場所を好むので、定期的に散水および施肥を行うゴルフ場のグリーンなどは、藻苔類にとって格好の生育場所である。
耕種的防除方法は、芝生を健全に育てることによって藻苔類の侵入を防ぐ方法である。具体的には、芝生に2〜4週間に1回程度の頻度で肥料を与え、1週間に1回程度の頻度で刈込み、1年間に40回程度の頻度で目土散布を行なうなどすることにより、茎葉密度が高く且つきめ細かい芝生を作り、藻苔類の侵入を防ぐ方法である。
そこで、本発明は、芝生に生える藻苔類を防除でき、芝生、農作物、園芸植物などに対する薬害の心配がなく、安全性が非常に高く、且つ管理が容易な芝生用の藻苔類防除剤ならびに芝生に生える藻苔類の防除方法を提供することを課題とするものである。
またジアルキルスルホコハク酸塩は、スルホコハク酸系界面活性剤として、化粧品等に使用されており、安全性の高い物質である。また農薬に添加する界面活性剤としても公知であるが、それ自体が殺生物活性成分として利用された例はない。
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した。その結果、食品添加物として広く使われているコハク酸またはその誘導体が、芝生に生える藻苔類に対して防除効果を示すことを見出した。また、コハク酸またはその誘導体は、芝生、農作物、園芸植物などに対する薬害の心配がなく、安全性が非常に高いので、保存・使用量などの管理が容易であることを見出した。本発明は、これらの知見に基づき、さらに検討を重ねることによって完成するに至ったものである。
〔1〕 式(1)で表されるコハク酸またはコハク酸誘導体、およびそれらの塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの化合物を活性成分として含有する芝生用の藻苔類防除剤。
〔3〕 活性成分としての化合物の含有量が0.2〜98質量%である、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の芝生用の藻苔類防除剤。
〔4〕 活性成分としての化合物の含有量が10〜98質量%である、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の芝生用の藻苔類防除剤。
〔5〕 〔1〕〜〔4〕のいずれかひとつに記載の藻苔類防除剤を芝生植生地に散布することを含む、芝生に生える藻苔類の防除方法。
〔6〕 活性成分としての化合物の散布量が、芝生植生地1平方メートル当たり0.1〜5gである、〔5〕に記載の防除方法。
C1−14アルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、n−ブチル基、n−ペンチル基、n−ヘキシル基、n−ヘプチル基、n−オクチル基、i−プロピル基、i−ブチル基、s−ブチル基、t−ブチル基、i−ペンチル基、ネオペンチル基、2−メチルブチル基、2,2−ジメチルプロピル基、i−ヘキシル基などが挙げられる。これらのうち、C1〜6アルキル基が好ましい。
C3−8シクロアルキル基は、環状部分を有する炭素原子3〜8個で構成されるアルキル基である。C3〜8シクロアルキル基としては、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基、シクロオクチル基などが挙げられる。これらのうち、C3〜6シクロアルキル基が好ましい。
C3−8シクロアルキルポリエチレンオキシド基は、ポリエチレングリコールの末端の水素をC3−8シクロアルキル基で置換したものである。C3−8シクロアルキル基は、R1またはR2として説明したC3−8シクロアルキル基と同じものを挙げることができる。C3−8シクロアルキルポリエチレンオキシド基におけるポリエチレングルコールの重合度は特に制限されないが、好ましくは2〜50、より好ましくは4〜30である。
本発明の芝生用藻苔類防除剤は、上記のうちで、式(1)中の、R1およびR2が独立して、水素原子、C1−14アルキル基またはC3−8シクロアルキル基であることが好ましい。
本発明の芝生用藻苔類防除剤は、上記のうちで、式(1)中の、R3が水素原子またはスルホ基であるものが好ましい。
液体製剤においては、例えば、ケロシン、キシレン;ソルベントナフサなどの石油留分;シクロヘキサン、シクロヘキサノン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、アルコール、アセトン、トリクロルエチレン、メチルイソブチルケトン、鉱物油、植物油、油濃縮物、水などを用いることができる。
本発明の芝生用藻苔類防除剤を水で希釈して施用する場合、活性成分としての化合物の含有量が500〜10,000ppmとするのが好ましく、500〜3,000ppmとするのがより好ましい。
蒸留水で所定の濃度に希釈調製した薬剤A、B、C、またはDが各5ml入ったシャーレに、上記のノストック0.1gを浸漬させ、25℃、明期暗期各12時間の条件のグロースキャビネットに24時間静置した。
薬剤B:99% コハク酸一ナトリウム
薬剤C:70% ジアルキルスルホコハク酸ナトリウム水溶液
薬剤D:市販の芝生用藻苔類防除剤、ゴーレット(登録商標)水和剤(ダウアグロサイエンス社製、ホセチル25%+ポリカーバメイト50%を含む水和剤)
薬剤処理後、1日経過時および7日経過時に、ノストックの退色状態を目視観察し、下記に示す基準で指数を付与した。
0:無処理と同等の緑色 (効力なし)
1:退緑色 (軽微な効力)
2:褐色 (中程度の効力)
3:白褐色もしくは赤褐色 (高い効力)
4:白色もしくは赤色 (非常に高い効力)
この指数に基づいて下式により防除価を算出した。3連の平均防除価を第1表に示す。
(防除価)=(指数)÷4×100
Claims (6)
- 活性成分としての化合物が、コハク酸、コハク酸塩、またはジC1−14アルキルスルホコハク酸塩のいずれかである、請求項1に記載の藻苔類防除剤。
- 活性成分としての化合物の含有量が0.2〜98質量%である、請求項1または2に記載の芝生用の藻苔類防除剤。
- 活性成分としての化合物の含有量が10〜98質量%である、請求項1または2に記載の芝生用の藻苔類防除剤。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかひとつに記載の藻苔類防除剤を芝生植生地に散布することを含む、芝生に生える藻苔類の防除方法。
- 活性成分としての化合物の散布量が、芝生植生地1平方メートル当たり0.1〜5gである、請求項5に記載の防除方法。
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