JP2014007965A - Manufacturing method of coffee drink - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of a coffee drink, which allows flavor and taste components to be hardly decomposed or deteriorated with heat sterilization.SOLUTION: The manufacturing method of a coffee drink includes the steps of: preparing a first drink component which contains at least a coffee extract; preparing a second drink component which contains at least a pH adjustment agent; heat sterilizing the first drink component; sterilizing the second drink component; and mixing the sterilized first drink component and the sterilized second drink component.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a coffee beverage containing a coffee extract.

  In general, beverages are produced by sterilization after mixing all raw materials from the viewpoint of food hygiene (FIG. 2). As the sterilization treatment, heat sterilization treatment such as retort sterilization and UHT sterilization (ultra high temperature short time sterilization) is widely used. However, since coffee beverages contain unique aroma and taste components, they are altered and deteriorated by heating, so that the coffee's original taste is impaired when heat-sterilized. is there.

  For such problems, aroma components are collected in advance from the coffee extract, heat-sterilized on the recovered extract, and after sterilization by membrane filtration on the aroma components, A sterilization method of mixing again has been studied (Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-20441 A

In the method described in Patent Document 1, since the fragrance component is not sterilized by heating, deterioration and deterioration due to the heating can be prevented. However, in this method, it is necessary to recover the aromatic component once by distillation or the like. However, such a process is very time-consuming, and an apparatus for it is also required. In addition to the heat sterilizer, a device for sterilization by membrane filtration (filter membrane) is also required.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of producing a coffee beverage that does not require a complicated process or special equipment for sterilization and has little alteration and deterioration of aroma and taste components.

In general, when a coffee beverage is sterilized by heating, the pH is lowered and the acidity is increased. In order to prevent this sourness, a coffee beverage subjected to heat sterilization is usually preliminarily added with a pH adjusting agent, and the pH value after heat sterilization is generally adjusted to 5.5 to 6.0 or more. (The pH value before heat sterilization is about 5.5 to 7.2). However, as a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, it has been found that the aroma and the deterioration / deterioration of the taste component due to heating of a coffee beverage are more likely to occur as the concentration of the pH adjusting agent coexisting during heating increases.
And if it is made not to coexist with a large amount of a pH adjuster when heat-sterilizing the beverage component containing the coffee extract, the aroma of the coffee beverage, the alteration / deterioration of the taste component can be reduced, and for that purpose, simply It has been found that the pH adjusting agent and the coffee extract need only be sterilized separately and the present invention has been completed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a coffee beverage with little fall of a taste and aroma can be provided by a simple method, without requiring a complicated process and special apparatus for sterilization.

It is a flowchart which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the coffee drink of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the conventional coffee drink.

The method for producing a coffee beverage of the present invention comprises a step of preparing a first beverage component containing at least a coffee extract, a step of preparing a second beverage component containing at least a pH adjuster, and a first beverage component. A step of heat sterilization, a step of sterilizing the second beverage component, and a step of mixing the first beverage component and the second beverage component that have undergone the sterilization step.
FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of an example of the method for producing a coffee beverage of the present invention.

In the present invention, the coffee beverage refers to a beverage containing a coffee extract, and examples thereof include black coffee, milk and / or sweetened coffee, and coffee flavored beverage.
The coffee extract refers to an extract from coffee beans, and the extraction method and extraction conditions are not limited, and examples include liquid phase extraction and gas phase extraction. In the case of liquid phase extraction, the extraction solvent is not limited, and examples include water (warm / hot water), carbonated water, alcohol-containing water, and dairy products.
There is no limitation on the type of coffee beans, the degree of roasting and crushing, and a plurality of types of coffee beans may be blended and used.

  The method for preparing the first beverage component containing at least the coffee extract is not limited, and a coffee extract is prepared from coffee beans according to a conventional method, and this may be used as the first beverage component, or the coffee extract is concentrated. It is good also as a 1st drink component by making it dry and making it a concentrate and a dried material (powder). Furthermore, the concentrate or dry matter obtained in advance from the coffee extract may be dissolved in water or the like and reduced, and this may be used as the first beverage component. Furthermore, it is good also as a 1st drink component by adding and mixing the various additives generally added to water and a drink to what was mentioned above. However, the microbiologically rich foods such as milk components have strict sterilization conditions as compared with the coffee extract, and when this is added to the first beverage component, the heat sterilization condition of the first beverage component However, it is necessary to set strictly according to this, and there is a possibility that the aroma of coffee and the alteration / deterioration of taste components may be impaired. Therefore, it is preferable not to add an additive that requires strict sterilization to the first beverage component, but to add to the second beverage component or a beverage component that is further prepared as needed.

Although there is no limitation on the value of the pH value (before heat sterilization) of the first beverage component, it is preferably 7.5 or less, more preferably from the viewpoint of reducing the quality and deterioration of the flavor and taste components. It is 7.0 or less, more preferably 6.5 or less, and particularly preferably 5.5 or less.
However, even when heating is performed at an excessively low pH, the flavor and taste components of coffee may be decomposed. Therefore, the pH value (before heat sterilization) of the first beverage component is preferably 4.0 or more, more preferably 4.2 or more, still more preferably 4.5 or more, and particularly preferably 5.0 or more. It is.

  Therefore, a pH adjuster can be added to the first beverage component so that the pH value before the heat sterilization is within the above-described preferred range. Examples of such a pH adjuster include, for example, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, trisodium phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, citric acid as a pH adjuster for increasing the pH. Potassium, sodium L-ascorbate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, tripotassium citrate are also used as pH adjusters to lower the pH. Citric acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, fumarate An acid, malic acid, gluconic acid, adipic acid, phosphoric acid, and L-ascorbic acid are mentioned, These can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types. At this time, the content of the pH adjuster (before heat sterilization) may be, for example, 0.01% by mass or more, or 0.05% by mass or more of the coffee extracted solids contained in the first beverage component. And it is good also as 0.1 mass% or more, good also as 0.3 mass% or more, and good also as 0.5 mass% or more.

  However, the content of such a pH adjuster (before heat sterilization) is preferably 20% by mass or less of the coffee extracted solid content contained in the first beverage component. The content of the pH adjuster is more preferably 15% by mass or less, still more preferably 10% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 3% by mass or less, with respect to the coffee extracted solid content contained in the first beverage component. Ions dissociated from the pH adjuster (especially cations from the pH adjuster to raise the pH) when heated in an environment where the flavor / flavoring components contained in the coffee extract and the pH adjuster coexist. It is thought that flavor and taste components are decomposed to form a salt. Therefore, if the amount of the coexisting pH adjuster is reduced, the decomposition of flavor and taste components can be reduced. However, it has been found by the present inventors that if the amount of the coexisting pH adjuster is 20% by mass or less with respect to the solid content of the coffee extract, the flavor and taste components are hardly decomposed.

Here, the solid content of coffee extract is a value measured as follows.
Coffee extract weight x coffee extract Brix = coffee extract solids

There is no limitation on the method for preparing the second beverage component containing at least a pH adjuster. For example, by mixing water, if necessary, with the amount not added to the first beverage component of the pH adjuster and other additives to be added to the finally produced coffee beverage, A second beverage component can be prepared.
As a pH adjuster, what was mentioned above can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
Examples of other additives include milk components, antioxidants, preservatives, quality stabilizers, emulsifiers, sweeteners, acidulants, pigments, and fragrances.
The amount of the pH adjuster to be added to the finally produced coffee beverage can be appropriately determined based on a value desired as the pH value of the final product. Although the pH value of the final product depends on the taste design and the like, for example, in the case of black coffee, it can be about 5.5 to 7.0.

  There is no limitation on the method of heat sterilizing the first beverage component, and for example, retort sterilization, UHT sterilization (ultra high temperature short time sterilization), low temperature heat sterilization, or the like can be employed. The sterilization temperature and time can be appropriately determined according to the type of additive to be added, for example, 110 ° C. to 140 ° C. for 1 second to 60 minutes in the case of retort sterilization, 130 ° C. in the case of UTH sterilization. Although it can set to -140 degreeC and 1 second-60 seconds as a standard, it is not limited to this.

The method for sterilizing the second beverage component is not limited, and may be the heat sterilization described above, or may be non-heat sterilization such as filter sterilization or ozone sterilization. When the same method as the first beverage component sterilization method is employed, there is an advantage that the apparatus can be used in combination. The sterilization method and sterilization conditions can be appropriately determined according to the type of additive added.
Moreover, there is no limitation also in the method of mixing the 1st drink component and 2nd drink component which passed through the sterilization process, What is necessary is just to mix according to a conventional method.

  In the present invention, if necessary, in addition to the first and second beverage components, one or more beverage components are further prepared, sterilized as necessary, and then the first and second beverages. You may mix with an ingredient.

  In the present invention, the coffee beverage produced as described above is further used in glass containers (bottles), metal can containers, paper containers, plastic containers (bottles), pouch containers, BIB (bag-in-box) containers, etc. It is good also as a container-packed coffee drink by filling various containers. After filling, sterilization may be performed to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not hindered.

  EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[Example 1]
The raw materials shown in the following prescription were each mixed in a tank to prepare a first beverage component and a second beverage component. As the coffee extract, a crushed roasted coffee bean extracted with purified water at 95 ° C. was used. The pH values of the first and second beverage components were 6.8 and 8.4, respectively.

(Prescription of the first beverage component)
700 g of coffee extract (solid content: 4.0% by mass)
pH adjusting agent (sodium bicarbonate) 1.4 g (about 5.0% by mass of solid content)
1000 ml of water meter

(Prescription of second beverage component)
pH adjusting agent (sodium bicarbonate) 1.4 g (about 5.0% by mass of solid content)
1000 ml of water meter

  Subsequently, the first beverage component and the second beverage component were each heat-sterilized at 132 ° C. for 30 seconds. After cooling, the first beverage component and the second beverage component were mixed in an aseptic tank, and filled in aseptically a pre-sterilized PET bottle to obtain a container-packed coffee beverage.

[Comparative Example 1]
Raw materials shown in the following formulation were mixed in a tank to prepare an unsterilized coffee beverage. Its pH value was 7.2.
(Prescription of comparative coffee drink)
350 g of coffee extract (solid content: 4.0% by mass)
pH adjusting agent (sodium bicarbonate) 1.4 g (about 10% by mass of solid content)
1000 ml of water meter
The obtained unsterilized coffee beverage is sterilized under the same conditions as the heat sterilization treatment performed on the first and second beverage components in the examples, filled in the container in the same manner as in the examples, and the container-packed coffee beverage It was.

  For the container-packed coffee beverages produced in the examples and comparative examples, the five items of coffee aroma, coffee taste, bitterness, acidity, and aftertaste strength are 9 points for the strongest case and 1 for the weakest case. It was evaluated by 7 expert panelists based on 5 points. Table 1 shows the evaluation results (average values of the scores of the seven panelists).

  As shown in Table 1, the coffee beverage of Example 1 and the coffee beverage of Comparative Example 1 both finally contain a pH adjuster of about 10% by mass of the coffee extract solids, but the examples are all examples. The coffee beverage of 1 was superior to the beverage of the comparative example.

[Example 2]
A coffee beverage was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. Each prescription is as follows. The pH values of the first and second beverage components were 7.4 for the first beverage component and 8.4 for the second beverage component, respectively.
(Prescription of the first beverage component)
700 g of coffee extract (solid content: 4.0% by mass)
pH adjuster (sodium bicarbonate) 4.2g (about 15.0% by mass of solid content)
1000 ml of water meter
(Prescription of second beverage component)
pH adjusting agent (sodium bicarbonate) 1.4 g (about 5.0% by mass of solid content)
1000 ml of water meter

[Comparative Example 2]
A coffee beverage was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1. The prescription is as follows. The pH value of the unsterilized coffee beverage was 7.5.
(Prescription of comparative coffee drink)
350 g of coffee extract (solid content: 4.0% by mass)
pH adjusting agent (sodium hydrogen carbonate) 2.8 g (about 20.0 mass% of solid content)
1000 ml of water meter

An evaluation test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.

  As shown in Table 3, the coffee drink of Example 2 and the coffee drink of Comparative Example 2 both finally contain a pH adjuster of about 20% by mass of coffee extracted solids, but for any item, comparison is made. Compared to the example beverage, the example beverage was overwhelmingly superior.

  As described above, it has been shown that the coffee beverage produced by the method according to the present invention is less likely to cause deterioration or deterioration of the aroma and taste components of the coffee beverage during heat sterilization even if it contains a pH adjuster.

Claims (3)

Preparing a first beverage component comprising at least a coffee extract;
Preparing a second beverage component comprising at least a pH adjuster;
Heat sterilizing the first beverage component;
Sterilizing the second beverage component;
Mixing the first beverage component and the second beverage component that have undergone the sterilization step;
A method for producing a coffee beverage having   Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the coffee drink of Claim 1 including the process of filling the obtained coffee drink in a container.   The manufacturing method of the coffee drink of Claim 1 or 2 in which a 1st drink component contains 0.01-20 mass% pH adjuster of the coffee extraction solid content contained in a 1st drink component.

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