JP2013537950A - 波状の構造物 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- F04B19/20—Other positive-displacement pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
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- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
- B06B1/12—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving reciprocating masses
- B06B1/14—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving reciprocating masses the masses being elastically coupled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/025—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for characterised by its use
- F03G7/0254—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for characterised by its use pumping or compressing fluids, e.g. microfluidic devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
Description
波型形状を有する歪みシートと、
歪みシートを波状様式に変形させるために歪みシートと連通する1つ又はそれ以上の作業入力要素であって、波型形状上の一連の点のそれぞれが、少なくとも部分的に、関連する共通のフレームに対して8字形状経路に沿って移動する、1つ又はそれ以上の作業入力要素と、を備える。
鞍点を有する歪みシートであって、鞍点に隣接する歪みシートの或る区分は、鞍形状を有する、歪みシートと、
歪みシートを変形させることで鞍点に対して前述の区分の鞍形状を回転可能に再度方向付けるように働く歪みシートの区分に接続される1つ又はそれ以上の作業入力要素と、を備える。
これらの実施形態では、歪みシートは、機械と連通する、1つ又はそれ以上の作業入力要素と1つ又はそれ以上の本体との間に機械的利点を提供するように作られた機械式変圧器として働き得る。
歪み応力をその中に誘発することで柔軟性シートに波型形状を形成する段階と、
波型形状上の一連の点のそれぞれが、少なくとも部分的に、関連する共通のフレームに対して8字形状経路に沿って移動するようにさせるために、柔軟性シートと連通する少なくとも1つの作業入力要素を提供する段階と、を備える。
図5Bは、作動中の装置500の動作を示しており、動きの時系列510が歪みシート110の変形経路を示す。
歪み細片1010は、線形区分から見ると波型形状1014を有しており、これは、縦方向縁部1012から横方向の振幅を大きくする。図示する実施形態では、歪み細片1010には波型形状1014があり、2つの波長を有しているが、別の実施形態では、非整数値を含む異なる数の波長を有していてもよい。構造物1000は、中に埋め込まれる、又は代替実施形態では歪み細片1010の面に取り付けられる複数の周期的に作動可能な抵抗加熱要素1030を更に備える。歪み細片1010の形状記憶部分は、歪み細片1010を波状様式に変形するための作業入力要素として働くために、加熱要素1030によって特有の様式で活性化され得る。歪み細片1010と連通する流体1040は、熱だめとして働く。この熱だめは、加熱要素1030によって活発に加熱されていない歪み細片1010の一部を冷却することによって歪み細片1010の形状記憶を局部的に不活性にするためのものである。流体1040は、歪み細片1010が変形される場合にその上で作業を実行することができる本体として働いてもよい。随意的に、加熱要素1030は、図21を参照して後で説明するように、歪み細片1010から電気的に絶縁されてもよい。
歪み細片1010を観察すると、正弦波形状1014の各半波長の3分の1が残りの3分の2と比べて比較的直線的であることが分かる。これに対応して、加熱要素1030は、形状記憶効果を用いて局部的な歪み取り応力を生み出すために、波長の6分の1ごとの間隔で歪み細片1010中に作られているので、歪み細片1010を波状様式に変形することができる。一連の電気波形1110は、第1位相1120、第2位相1130及び第3位相1140を備えており、これらの位相は、電気コネクタ1150を通る、歪み細片1010の各半波長の第3、第2及び第1の加熱要素1030への接続に関するものである。
様々な目的で、位相1120、1130及び1140のこの基本的形状に変形を加えることができ、目的として、エネルギー効率の最大化、円滑な周波中の電力供給、過熱保護、及び過大応力保護が含まれる。前述の変形には、パルス幅変調、振幅変調、及び位相1120、1130及び1140間の順次処理の前進又は遅延のための時間変化1160が、これらに限定するわけではないが含まれる。示している構造物1000の実施形態では、一連の電気波形1110は、歪み細片1010の開ループ制御を提供するが、温度又は位置に関するフィードバック等のフィードバックは、閉ループ制御用に含まれる。
Claims (20)
- 請求項1 構造物において、
波型形状を有する歪みシートと、
前記歪みシートを波状様式に変形させるために前記歪みシートと連通する1つ又はそれ以上の作業入力要素であって、前記波型形状上の一連の点のそれぞれが、少なくとも部分的に、関連する共通のフレームに対して8字形状経路に沿って移動する、1つ又はそれ以上の作業入力要素と、を備える構造物。 - 前記歪みシートは、等方性機械的特性を有する材料を備える、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記歪みシートは、正弦波形状である波型形状を有する、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記歪みシートは、円周の、線形の、及び曲線状の、から成る群から選択される形状を有する前記歪みシートの区分から見ると波型形状を有する、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記歪みシートは、前記歪みシートの或る区分から見ると波型形状を有し、前記波型形状が、実質的に一定の、単調な、及び波形に変化する、から成る群から選択される状態の前記区分から垂直に伸びる方向を特徴とする振幅を有する、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記歪みシートは鞍形状である、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 前記歪みシートには接合部がない、請求項1に記載の構造物。
- 構造物において、
鞍点を有する歪みシートであって、前記鞍点に隣接する前記歪みシートの区分が鞍形状を有する、歪みシートと、
前記歪みシートを変形させることで前記鞍点に対して前記区分の鞍形状を回転可能に再度方向付けるように働く前記鞍形状を有する前記歪みシートの前記区分に接続される1つ又はそれ以上の作業入力要素と、を備える構造物。 - 前記歪みシートは、実質的に一定の総歪みエネルギーで波状様式に変形可能であるので、前記歪みシートが弾性復元力の大きな抵抗もなく変更され得る、請求項1から8の何れかに記載の構造物。
- 前記構造物は、以下に示す、変換器、アクチュエータ、センサー、発電機、ファン、ポンプ、拡声器、熱機関、及び推進システムのうちの1つの前記形態である、請求項1から9の何れかに記載の構造物。
- 前記構造物は、機械と連通する1つ又はそれ以上の本体上で作業を実行する前記機械であるので、前記歪みシートが、波状様式に変形された結果、前記1つ又はそれ以上の本体上で作業を実行する、請求項1から9の何れかに記載の構造物。
- 前記歪みシートは、前記機械と連通する前記1つ又はそれ以上の作業入力要素と前記1つ又はそれ以上の本体との間に機械的利点を提供するように作られる機械式変圧器である、請求項11に記載の構造物。
- 波型形状を有する歪みシートと連通する1つ又はそれ以上の本体上で作業を実行するための方法は、前記歪みシートを変形させる段階を含んでいて、前記歪みシートの前記波型形状上の一連の点のそれぞれが、少なくとも部分的に、関連する共通のフレームに対して8字形状経路に沿って移動するので、前記歪みシートが、前記のように変形した結果、前記1つ又はそれ以上の本体上に動作を生み出す力を及ぼす、方法。
- 前記歪みシートは、実質的に一定の総歪みエネルギーで変形されるので、前記歪みシートは、弾性復元力の大きな抵抗もなく実現される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 構造物を製作する方法において、
歪み応力をその中に誘発することで柔軟性シートに波型形状を形成する段階と、
前記波型形状上の一連の点のそれぞれが、関連する共通のフレームに対して8字形状経路を移動するようにさせるために、前記柔軟性シートと連通する少なくとも1つの作業入力要素を提供する段階と、を備える方法。 - 前記柔軟性シートを支持部に接合する段階を更に備える、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 弾性的に前記柔軟性シートの均衡を取る段階を更に備える、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 柔軟性シートに波型形状を形成する前記段階は、前記柔軟性シートに外部から応力を加える前記段階を備える、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 柔軟性シートに波型形状を形成する前記段階は、前記柔軟性シートに残留応力を誘発する前記段階を備える、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記柔軟性シートに残留応力を誘発する前記段階は、圧延、ピーニング、艶付け、及びスピニングの前記群から選択される前記形成工程のうちの1つ又はそれ以上を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
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