JP2013529082A - 遺伝子組み換えrsウイルスを使用した乳がん治療 - Google Patents
遺伝子組み換えrsウイルスを使用した乳がん治療 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
乳がんは、女性で最も多いがんであり、毎年世界中で100万を超える新しい症例が確認されている(非特許文献1)。米国では2009年に推定192370人の患者が乳がんだと新たに診断され、約40170人が乳がんで死亡した(非特許文献2)。診断時にリンパ節への転移がない女性の約24〜30%が再発する。リンパ節陽性の女性の再発率は50〜60%である(非特許文献3)。局所疾患及び転移性疾患と診断された患者の5年生存率はそれぞれ80%及び26%である(非特許文献3)。したがって、安全で効果的な治療が依然として絶対的に必要とされている。
腫瘍溶解性ウイルス療法は、天然または遺伝子操作したウイルスを使用した新しいストラテジーであり、周りの非悪性細胞に害を与えることなく腫瘍細胞を選択的に標的とし、また破壊するためのものである(非特許文献4)。がん細胞の破壊は、複数回にわたるウイルス複製またはそれに続くアポトーシス誘導による直接的な溶解性の破裂を通じて起きる(非特許文献5)。ウイルス療法をうまく応用するためには、がん細胞を溶解させるウイルスの選択的かつ効率的な増幅が必要である。NS1遺伝子欠損RSV(ΔNS1 RSV)は、乳がんに対する腫瘍溶解性ウイルスとしての機能を果たす。
RSVは、パラミクソウイルス科、ニューモウイルス亜科、ニューモウイルス属に属する。ウイルスRNAのサイズは約15キロベースであり、ゲノムの3’末端側にリーダー領域、5’末端側にトレーラー領域がある(図1)。ウイルスゲノムには、10個のウイルスタンパク質についての個々の遺伝子が含まれている(非特許文献6)。ニューモウイルス属のメンバーに特有のNS1遺伝子(非特許文献7)は、ウイルスゲノムの3’末端のプロモーター近くに位置し、そのmRNAは、直線的な開始/停止/再開モードのRSV転写物で最も多い(非特許文献8)。NS1タンパク質は非構造的であると言われるが、これはこのタンパク質がRSV粒子では検出されていないからである。NS1は、RSVに感染した細胞でのみ見られる。
本発明者のグループは、他のことに加えて、NS1が、RSV感染時にタイプI−IFNのシグナル伝達を無効にできることを発見した(非特許文献9、10)。これは、NS1が、宿主の自然免疫応答の阻害において直接的な役割を果たすことを意味している。
図2Bは、ΔNS1 RSVが選択的に細胞変性効果(CPE)をMDA−MB−231乳がん細胞において誘導することを示し、またΔNS1 RSVが感染から24時間後にCCD−1059SK細胞よりこの腫瘍細胞においてより高いウイルス力価を有することは(図2C)、MDA−MB−231細胞がΔNS1 RSVの増殖を効率的に支援することを示唆している。ΔNS1 RSVが他の乳がん細胞株も殺すか否かを試験するために、本発明者は、乳がん細胞株T−47D及びMCF−7にΔNS1 RSV(MOI=5)を感染させた。CPEを感染から48時間後に観察したところ(表1)、ΔNS1 RSVが乳がん細胞を特異的に殺すことが示された。
Claims (8)
- 乳がんを治療するための遺伝子組み換えウイルスであって、
NS1遺伝子を欠失させた腫瘍溶解性RSウイルス(RSV)を含む
ことを特徴とする遺伝子組み換えウイルス。 - NS1遺伝子が逆遺伝学的ストラテジーにより欠失させたものである
請求項1に記載のRSウイルス。 - ベロ細胞において、NS1欠損ウイルスcDNAクローン、ウイルスN、M2−1、P及びLタンパク質を含む形質転換プラスミドの5つのウイルス成分の共発現をする
請求項1に記載のRSウイルス。 - RSV NS1として機能する他の遺伝子を欠失させたウイルスで置き換えた
請求項1に記載の遺伝子組み換えウイルス。 - 乳がんを治療する方法であって、
NS1遺伝子に変異がある腫瘍溶解性RSウイルス(RSV)を送達する
ことを特徴とする方法。 - NS1遺伝子を逆遺伝学的ストラテジーにより欠失させる
請求項5に記載のRSウイルス。 - ベロ細胞において、NS1欠損ウイルスcDNAクローン、ウイルスN、M2−1、P及びLタンパク質を含む形質転換プラスミドの5つのウイルス成分の共発現をする
請求項5に記載のRSウイルス。 - NS1としての遺伝子機能を有する他のウイルスで置き換えた
請求項5に記載の遺伝子組み換えウイルス。
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US12/800,585 US8597637B1 (en) | 2010-05-18 | 2010-05-18 | Breast cancer therapy using an engineered respiratory syncytial virus |
PCT/US2011/000602 WO2011146100A1 (en) | 2010-05-18 | 2011-04-04 | Breast cancer therapy using an engineered respiratory syncytial virus |
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EP (1) | EP2571367B1 (ja) |
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JP2019532635A (ja) * | 2016-09-19 | 2019-11-14 | ユニヴァーシティ オブ サウス フロリダ | 腫瘍溶解性ウイルスを腫瘍に標的化する方法 |
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US8597637B1 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2013-12-03 | Weidong Zhang | Breast cancer therapy using an engineered respiratory syncytial virus |
CN103330723A (zh) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-10-02 | 艾克星(武汉)生物医药科技有限公司 | 基因工程呼吸道合胞病毒(△ns1 rsv)在治疗癌症药物中的用途 |
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JP2002517470A (ja) * | 1998-06-12 | 2002-06-18 | マウント シナイ スクール オブ メディシン オブ ザ シティー ユニバーシティー オブ ニューヨーク | ワクチンおよび医薬として使用される、改変されたインターフェロン拮抗活性を有する弱毒(−)鎖ウイルス |
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WO2008144067A1 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Board Of Regents, University Of Texas System | Methods and compositions for treatment of cancer using oncolytic rsv activity |
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BR9710363A (pt) * | 1996-07-15 | 2000-01-11 | Us Gov Health & Human Serv | "vìrus sincicial respirátorio recombinante infeccioso isolado, partìcula do mesmo, processos para estimular o sistema imunológico de um indivìduo para induzir proteção contra o vìrus sincicial respiratório e para produzir uma partìcula de vìrus sincicial respiratório recombinante, vacina para induzir proteção contra o vìrus sincicial respiratório recombinante composição e ceta de vìrus sincicial respiratório recombinante" |
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JP2019532635A (ja) * | 2016-09-19 | 2019-11-14 | ユニヴァーシティ オブ サウス フロリダ | 腫瘍溶解性ウイルスを腫瘍に標的化する方法 |
JP7358236B2 (ja) | 2016-09-19 | 2023-10-10 | ユニヴァーシティ オブ サウス フロリダ | 腫瘍溶解性ウイルスを腫瘍に標的化する方法 |
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KR101764454B1 (ko) | 2017-08-02 |
US9060974B1 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
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US9233132B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
US20130251680A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
EP2571367A4 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
EP2571367A1 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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