JP2013252574A - Main spindle device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a main spindle device capable of reducing the time taken to remove a residual cutting liquid without raising the cost and of reducing the amount of consumption of air.SOLUTION: A pull-up shaft 8 installed in front of a draw bar 9 and configured to extend and shrink a collet 7 by the forward and backward operation of the draw bar 9 is provided with a connection path 12 in the radial direction, which branches from a shared flow path 10 provided along the direction of the shaft, and to the connection path 12, a through air supply path 19 is connected. Because of this, when tools are exchanged, it is necessary to remove only coolant remaining inside a supply path 72 of a tool holder 70 and the shared flow path 10 of the pull-up shaft 8. Consequently, it is possible to remove coolant in a shorter time than before and to improve machining efficiency, and further the amount of air necessary to remove coolant may be small, and therefore it is possible to make an attempt to reduce the amount of consumption of air and also to reduce the cost.

Description

  The present invention relates to a spindle device including a fluid supply mechanism that supplies cutting fluid and air to a tool mounted on a front end of the spindle.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a spindle device provided in a machine tool or the like is provided with a fluid supply mechanism for supplying various fluids such as cutting fluid and air to the tip side of the spindle device as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. Yes. As such a fluid supply mechanism, there is also a mechanism for supplying coolant and air to a tool mounted on the main shaft.

  Here, a conventional spindle device provided with a fluid supply mechanism for supplying coolant and air to the tool will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a conventional spindle device 51, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a cross section in the axial direction of a portion A in FIG. 4 and 5 is the front-rear direction of the spindle device 51, and the left side is the front side.

  The main shaft device 51 includes a hollow main shaft 54 that is rotatably supported about a front-rear direction by a plurality of bearings 53, 53,. Inside, the draw bar 59 that moves back and forth in the front-rear direction, located on the front side of the draw bar 59, slides in the front-rear direction in conjunction with the back-and-forth movement of the draw bar 59, and expands and contracts as the lift shaft 58 slides. A collet 57 is installed. A tapered hole 55 into which a tapered tool holder 70 for holding a tool can be inserted is formed at the front end of the main shaft 54, and a pull stud 71 provided at the rear end of the tool holder 70 is clamped / collated by a collet 57. Unclamping is possible. In addition, a common flow path 60 that is coaxially in contact with the rear end of the pull stud 71 in a state in which the tool holder 70 is clamped is formed in the axial center portion of the pulling shaft 58 and the draw bar 59 along the axial direction. In contact with the stud 71, the pull stud 71 and the supply path 72 formed at the axis of the tool holder 70 are communicated.

  On the other hand, a shared pipe 61 is attached to the rear side of the housing 52 with its downstream end connected to the upstream end of the shared flow path 60. The upstream end of the common pipe 61 is branched into two pipes. One side is an air supply pipe 62 for supplying air, and the other side is a coolant supply pipe 63 for supplying coolant. Each of the supply pipes 62 and 63 is connected to a supply source of each fluid via a pump and a compressor (not shown).

  In addition, an ATC dedicated air supply path 64 extending in the front-rear direction is separately formed on the outer peripheral portion of the housing 52. The downstream end of the ATC dedicated air supply passage 64 communicates with an opening 64a formed in the inner peripheral surface of the tapered hole 55, and the air supplied through the ATC dedicated air supply passage 64 is changed into a tapered hole at the time of tool change. By spraying inside 55 and the tool holder 70 side, it is possible to prevent chips and the like from entering the tapered hole 55 and to clean the inside of the tapered hole 55. The upstream end of the ATC dedicated air supply path 64 is opened on the rear surface of the housing 52, and the ATC dedicated air supply path 64 is provided from the rear side of the housing 52 through a supply pipe or the like (not shown) from the rear side of the housing 52. Air is supplied to the inside.

  In the spindle device 51 as described above, the coolant is supplied to the common flow path 60 via the coolant supply pipe 63 and the common pipe 61 when the tool holder 70 is mounted under the control of a control device (not shown). Then, the coolant is supplied from the front end of the common flow path 60 to the tool side to which the tool holder 70 is attached via the supply path 72 formed in the axial center of the pull stud 71 and the tool holder 70. Further, when changing the tool, the supply of coolant is stopped and air is supplied from the air supply pipe 62 to the shared flow path 60 via the shared pipe 61. Then, after the coolant remaining in the supply path 72 is removed by the air, the tool holder 70 is unclamped, and air is supplied to the ATC dedicated air supply path 64 to the inside of the tapered hole 55 and the tool holder 70 side. Air is blown to clean the inside of the tapered hole 55 while preventing intrusion of chips or the like into the tapered hole 55 during tool replacement.

Japanese Patent No. 2914918

  However, since the conventional spindle device 51 is configured to supply air for removing the remaining coolant from the rear side of the housing 52, it remains in the pulling shaft 58, the draw bar 59, and the common pipe 61. It is necessary to remove the coolant, and it takes time to remove the coolant. Therefore, there exists a problem that processing efficiency is bad. In addition, since a large amount of air is required, there is a problem that the amount of air consumed is large and the cost is high. Further, a configuration in which a device for sucking out the coolant remaining in the supply path 72 is provided in the vicinity of the pulling shaft 58 is considered. However, if this configuration is to be adopted, a large-scale device is required. It only increases the cost.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to shorten the time taken to remove the remaining cutting fluid without incurring high costs, and to reduce the air consumption. The device is to be provided.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention includes a housing and a main shaft that is pivotally supported by the housing and rotates with a tool holder attached to the front end thereof. In the main shaft, a draw bar that moves forward and backward in the axial direction, a lifting shaft that is installed on the front side of the draw bar and slides in the axial direction in conjunction with the forward and backward movement of the draw bar, and expands and contracts according to the sliding of the lifting shaft, A collet for clamping / unclamping the tool holder is installed, and a cutting fluid supply path for supplying the cutting fluid into the tool holder in a clamped state is provided at the shaft center of the lifting shaft and the draw bar. A main shaft device, wherein the pulling shaft is provided with a connection path branched from the fluid supply path and extending in a radial direction of the main shaft, and the housing And an air supply path for supplying air into the tool holder through the connection path and the cutting fluid supply path in the lifting shaft at least in the clamped state on the main shaft. It is characterized by that.
The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the air supply path is branched into two flow paths inside the housing or the main shaft, and one flow path is connected to the connection A through air supply path that communicates with the path, and the other flow path communicates with an opening formed in the inner peripheral surface of the mounting hole in which the tool holder is mounted, and into the mounting hole when the tool holder is replaced An ATC air supply path for supplying air is used.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the first or second aspect, in the unclamped state, the connection path and the air supply path communicate with each other by sliding together with the lifting shaft. The state is cut off.

According to the present invention, the pull-up shaft is provided with a connection path that branches off from the fluid supply path and extends in the radial direction of the main shaft, and communicates with the housing and the main shaft at least in the clamped state. Since there is an air supply path for supplying air into the tool holder via the cutting fluid supply path, the cutting that remains inside the tool holder supply path and the lifting shaft cutting fluid supply path when changing tools Only the liquid needs to be removed. Therefore, the cutting fluid can be removed in a shorter time than before, the machining efficiency can be improved, and less air is required to remove the cutting fluid. Cost can also be reduced. Moreover, since a device for sucking out the cutting fluid in the supply path is not required, the cost can be reduced.
According to the invention described in claim 2, the air supply path is branched into two flow paths inside the housing or the main shaft, and one flow path is connected to the through air supply path communicating with the connection path. On the other hand, the other flow path communicates with an opening formed in the inner peripheral surface of the mounting hole in which the tool holder is mounted, and serves as an ATC air supply path for supplying air into the mounting hole when the tool holder is replaced Therefore, the configuration can be rationalized, and the cost for forming the air supply path can be reduced.
Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 3, in the unclamped state, the connection path is slid together with the lifting shaft so that the communication state between the connection path and the air supply path is blocked. For this reason, even if cutting fluid remains at the front end of the draw bar during tool replacement, the cutting fluid does not spout with air.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the cross section in the axial direction of the main axis | shaft apparatus in the state which clamped the tool holder. It is explanatory drawing which showed the cross section in the axial direction of the main axis | shaft apparatus in the position where the air supply path for ATC appears. It is explanatory drawing which showed the cross section in the axial direction of the main axis | shaft apparatus in the state which unclamped the tool holder. It is explanatory drawing which showed the conventional main axis | shaft apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which showed the cross section in the axial direction of the A section in FIG.

Hereinafter, a spindle device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a cross section in the axial direction of the spindle device 1 in a state where the tool holder 70 is clamped, and FIG. 2 is an axial direction of the spindle device 1 at a position where the ATC air supply path 20 appears. It is explanatory drawing which showed the cross section in. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a cross section in the axial direction of the spindle device 1 in a state where the tool holder 70 is unclamped.

  The spindle device 1 has the same configuration as the conventionally known spindle device with respect to the configuration for supporting the spindle 4 and the configuration for clamping / unclamping the tool holder 70, and a plurality of bearings 3 installed in the housing 2. 3... Includes a hollow main shaft 4 that is rotatably supported about the front-rear direction. Further, inside the main shaft 4, a draw bar 9 that moves forward and backward in the forward / backward direction, a pulling shaft 8 that is positioned in front of the draw bar 9 and slides in the forward / backward direction in conjunction with the forward / backward movement of the drawbar 9, and a slide of the lifting shaft 8 Accordingly, a collet 7 that performs expansion / contraction operation is installed. Furthermore, a tapered hole 5 into which a tapered tool holder 70 for holding a tool can be inserted is formed at the front end of the main shaft 4. Then, under the control of a control device (not shown), the draw bar 9 moves back and forth, so that the pulling shaft 8 slides, and the collet 7 expands and contracts, so that the pull stud 71 of the tool holder 70 inserted into the tapered hole 5 is moved. It is designed to clamp / unclamp. A supply path 72 is provided in the axial center of the pull stud 71 and the tool holder 70, and the fluid supplied into the supply path 72 is guided to the tool side.

Here, a configuration for supplying the coolant and air to the supply path 72, which is a main part of the present invention, and a configuration for supplying air into the tapered hole 5 when changing the tool will be described in detail.
In the axial center portion of the lifting shaft 8, a shared flow path 10 is formed along the axial direction so as to be in contact with the rear end of the pull stud 71 in a state where the tool holder 70 is clamped. It communicates with the supply path 72 in a contact state. A coolant supply path 11 that extends coaxially from the shared flow path 10 of the lifting shaft 8 extends along the axial direction at the axial center of the draw bar 9. Further, a connection path 12 extending from the shared flow path 10 in the radial direction of the main shaft 4 is provided at a substantially central portion in the front-rear direction of the lifting shaft 8, and coolant is connected to the connection path 12 in the connection path 12. A check valve 13 is installed to prevent the air from flowing into the through air supply path 19 described later. The coolant supply path 11 extends to the rear end of the housing 2 and is connected to a coolant supply pipe (not shown). Further, a check valve (not shown) is installed in the coolant supply path 11, and when the coolant supply to the coolant supply path 11 is stopped, the coolant on the upstream side of the check valve in the coolant supply path 11 is Thus, it is possible to prevent a situation from flowing over the check valve to the downstream side.

  On the other hand, a cap 30 is provided at the front end of the housing 2 so as to cover the front surface of the housing 2 in a state where the main shaft 4 is inserted, and the first air supply path 15 is provided on the cap 30 with the main shaft 4. 4 is provided along the radial direction. The first air supply path 15 is connected to the second air supply path 16 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the housing 2 at the outer peripheral side portion (downstream end portion). The second air supply path 16 extends to the rear end of the housing 2 along the axial direction of the main shaft 4 and is connected to an air supply pipe or the like (not shown).

  In addition, a branch path 17 that communicates with the inner peripheral side of the first air supply path 15 in a state of being pivotally supported by the housing 2 is provided at the front end portion of the main shaft 4 along the radial direction of the main shaft 4 A check valve 18 for preventing the coolant from flowing into the first air supply path 15 side beyond the branch path 17 is installed in the branch path 17. Further, the branch path 17 is branched into two flow paths at the downstream end thereof, and one flow path is a through air supply path 19 for supplying air to the supply path 72. The through air supply path 19 extends in the front-rear direction in the front portion of the main shaft 4, and the downstream portion of the through-air supply path 19 is bent inward in the radial direction of the main shaft 4, and then the pull-up shaft 8 on the inner peripheral surface of the main shaft 4. Within the sliding range, the tool holder 70 is opened at a position communicating with the connection path 12 when the tool holder 70 is clamped (when the lifting shaft 8 is in the retracted position). The other flow path is an ATC air supply path 20 for supplying air for prevention of intrusion of chips and the like into the taper hole 5 and cleaning air in the taper hole 5 when the tool is changed. The downstream end of the ATC air supply passage 20 communicates with an opening 20 a formed in the inner peripheral surface of the tapered hole 5.

  In the spindle device 1 provided with the fluid supply mechanism, while the tool holder 70 is clamped and processed, the coolant is supplied to the coolant supply path 11 under the control of a control device (not shown), and the shared flow path 10 Then, the coolant is supplied into the supply path 72 and thus to the tool side. At this time, the connection path 12 and the through air supply path 19 communicate with each other, but the check valve 13 prevents the coolant from flowing into the through air supply path 19.

  Thereafter, when the tool is changed, supply of the coolant to the coolant supply path 11 is stopped and air is supplied to the second air supply path 16. Then, the supplied air reaches the branch path 17 from the second air supply path 16 through the first air supply path 15, passes through the check valve 13 through the through air supply path 19, and is shared from the connection path 12. Since it flows into the flow path 10 and finally reaches the supply path 72, the coolant remaining in the shared flow path 10 and the supply path 72 is removed by the air. At this time, although air tends to flow into the ATC air supply path 20, since the opening 20 a is blocked by the tool holder 70, the air efficiently flows into the through air supply path 19.

  When the removal of the coolant is completed, the lifting shaft 8 is slid forward through the draw bar 9, the collet 7 is expanded, the tool holder 70 is unclamped, and the tool is replaced with a tool mounted on another tool holder. To do. At this time, the connection path 12 also moves forward as the pulling shaft 8 slides, so that the communication state between the through air supply path 19 and the connection path 12 is interrupted, and the supply of air to the shared flow path 10 is stopped. Become. Therefore, even when the coolant remains at the front end of the draw bar 9 when the tool holder 70 is pulled out, the coolant does not spout with air. As the tool holder 70 is pulled out, the air supplied to the second air supply path 16 opens from the first air supply path 15 through the branch path 17 and then through the ATC air supply path 20. It blows out into the taper hole 5 from 20a. Therefore, during tool change, the inside of the tapered hole 5 is cleaned by the air while preventing entry of chips and the like into the tapered hole 5.

  According to the spindle device 1 having the above-described configuration, the common flow path 10 provided along the axial direction on the pulling shaft 8 that is installed in front of the draw bar 9 and expands and contracts the collet 7 by the forward and backward movement of the draw bar 9. A connecting path 12 that branches off is provided in the radial direction, and a through-air supply path 19 is connected to the connecting path 12. Therefore, when changing the tool, only the coolant remaining in the supply path 72 of the tool holder 70 and the shared flow path 10 of the lifting shaft 8 may be removed. Therefore, the coolant can be removed in a shorter time than before, the processing efficiency can be improved, and less air is required to remove the coolant. Reduction can also be achieved. In addition, since a device for sucking out the coolant in the supply path 72 is not required, the cost can be reduced.

Further, a branch path 17 is provided on the downstream side of the first air supply path 15, one being a through air supply path 19 and the other being an ATC air supply path 20, and the first air supply path 15 and the second air supply path. Since the configuration is shared, the configuration can be rationalized, and the cost for forming the supply paths 15, 16, 19, and 20 related to the supply of air can be reduced.
Further, by utilizing the fact that the connection path 12 moves forward as the pulling shaft 8 slides, the communication state between the through-air supply path 19 and the connection path 12 is blocked in the unclamped state, and the shared flow path 10 The air supply to the vehicle is stopped. Therefore, even when the coolant remains at the front end of the draw bar 9 when the tool holder 70 is pulled out, the coolant does not spout with air.
In addition, since the check valves 13 and 18 are installed inside the connection path 12 and the branch path 17, it is possible to prevent the coolant from entering the air supply path.

  The spindle device according to the present invention is not limited to the aspect of the embodiment described above, and the configuration related to the supply of each fluid such as coolant and air is necessary without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It can be changed accordingly.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the through air passage 19 and the ATC air passage 20 are branched from the same first air passage 15 and second air passage 16. Instead of branching, the through-air channel 19 and the ATC air channel 20 can be separately extended to the air supply source, respectively. There is no problem even if it is not provided.

In the above embodiment, when the tool holder 70 is unclamped, the communication state between the shared flow path 10 and the through-air flow path 19 is blocked as the lifting shaft 8 slides. The opening at the downstream end of the flow passage 19 for the through air is formed in an oval shape that is long in the axial direction, or a two-opening is provided by providing a branch at the downstream end. It is also possible to configure such that the communication state with the working channel 19 is maintained.
Further, in the above embodiment, the coolant is supplied to the cutting fluid flow path provided in the draw bar 9, but it is also possible to supply the other cutting fluid such as lubricating oil. It is.

  1 ·· Main shaft device 2 · · Housing 3 · · Bearing 4 · · Main shaft 5 · · Tapered hole (mounting hole) 7 · · Collet, 8 · · Lifting shaft 9 · · Drawbar 10 · · · Shared flow path (cutting fluid supply path), 11 .... Coolant supply path (cutting fluid supply path), 12 .... Connection path, 13 .... Check valve, 15 .... First air supply path (air supply path), 16・ ・ Second air supply path (air supply path), 17 ・ ・ Branch path (air supply path), 18 ・ ・ Check valve, 19 ・ ・ Through air supply path (air supply path), 20 ・ ・ Air supply for ATC Road (air supply path), 20a ... opening, 30 ... cap (housing).

Claims (3)

A housing and a main shaft that is pivotally supported by the housing and rotates with a tool holder attached to the front end, a draw bar that moves forward and backward in the axial direction in the main shaft, and a front side of the draw bar, A pulling shaft that slides in the axial direction in conjunction with the advance and retreat operation of the draw bar, and a collet that expands and contracts according to the slide of the pulling shaft and clamps / unclamps the tool holder, and the pulling shaft and the A spindle device provided with a cutting fluid supply path for supplying cutting fluid into the tool holder in a clamped state at the axis of the draw bar,
The pull-up shaft is provided with a connection path branched from the fluid supply path and extending in the radial direction of the main shaft, and the housing and the main shaft communicate with the connection path at least in a clamped state. A spindle apparatus comprising an air supply path for supplying air into the tool holder through the cutting fluid supply path. The air supply path is branched into two flow paths inside the housing or the main shaft,
One flow path is a through air supply path communicating with the connection path, while the other flow path is communicated with an opening formed in an inner peripheral surface of a mounting hole in which the tool holder is mounted, 2. The spindle device according to claim 1, wherein the spindle device is an ATC air supply passage for supplying air into the mounting hole when replacing the holder.   3. The spindle device according to claim 1, wherein in the unclamped state, the connection state between the connection path and the air supply path is blocked by sliding the connection path together with the lifting shaft. .

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