JP2013244755A - Hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hybrid vehicle in which the temperature of a drive device including motors can be elevated efficiently by heat of an exhaust gas that passes through an exhaust passage.SOLUTION: A hybrid vehicle includes: an internal combustion engine; an exhaust passage 80 through which an exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine passes; and a rear wheel drive device 1 which includes first and second motors connected with left and right rear wheels in a power transmittable manner and a case 11 accommodating the first and second motors therein and is disposed away from the internal combustion engine. In the front-rear direction of the vehicle, the rear wheel drive device 1 is disposed behind the internal combustion engine, and the exhaust passage 80 extends from the internal combustion engine towards the rear of the vehicle, and is disposed so as to surround a first planar surface S1 which extends along a front end of the casing 11 and which is orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle, a second planar surface S2 which extends along a rear end of the casing 11 and which is orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle, a third planar surface S3 which extends along a left end of the casing 11 and which is orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle, and a fourth planar surface S4 which extends along a right end of the casing 11 and which is orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid vehicle, and more particularly, to a hybrid vehicle including an internal combustion engine and a drive device that includes an electric motor and is spaced apart from the internal combustion engine.

  In a hybrid vehicle in which front wheels are driven by an internal combustion engine and rear wheels are driven by an electric motor, an exhaust pipe extending from the internal combustion engine in the front-rear direction of the vehicle is disposed on the opposite side of the power storage unit and the power drive unit with a fuel tank in between. And what suppresses the bad influence by the heat | fever of the exhaust pipe to an electrical storage apparatus, a power drive unit, a cooling system, etc. is devised (for example, refer patent document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-144888 (FIG. 2)

  By the way, in a hybrid vehicle, it is assumed that the electric motor is warmed up when used in a cryogenic state. In the hybrid vehicle described in Patent Document 1, the exhaust pipe is disposed close to the electric motor and the differential differential by the above arrangement, but the temperature rise effect due to the heat of the exhaust pipe is considered. In order to obtain a sufficient temperature rise effect, further improvement is desired.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid vehicle that can efficiently raise the temperature of a drive device having an electric motor by the heat of exhaust gas passing through an exhaust path. It is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1
An internal combustion engine (for example, an internal combustion engine 4 in an embodiment described later);
An exhaust passage through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine passes (for example, an exhaust passage 80 in an embodiment described later);
First and second electric motors (for example, first and second electric motors 2A and 2B in the later-described embodiments) connected to wheels of the vehicle (for example, left and right rear wheels LWr and RWr in the later-described embodiments) so as to be able to transmit power. And a housing (for example, a case 11 in an embodiment described later) that accommodates the first and second electric motors, and a drive device (for example, an embodiment described later) that is disposed apart from the internal combustion engine. A rear wheel drive device 1) in FIG.
A hybrid vehicle (for example, a vehicle 3 in an embodiment described later),
The drive device is arranged in the front-rear direction of the vehicle and behind the internal combustion engine,
The exhaust passage extends from the internal combustion engine toward the rear of the vehicle, and
A first plane passing through the front end of the casing and orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle, a second plane passing through the rear end of the casing and orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and passing through the left end of the casing It is arrange | positioned so that the 3rd plane orthogonal to the left-right direction and 4th plane orthogonal to the left-right direction of the said vehicle may pass through the right end of the said housing | casing.
In the present invention, the exhaust passage may surround the first plane to the fourth plane as long as it is formed so as to surround at least a part of each plane, that is, the exhaust path is at least one of the planes. What is necessary is just to have a part which opposes a part.

In addition to the configuration of claim 1, the invention according to claim 2
One end side of the exhaust passage is connected to the internal combustion engine, and
A first exhaust passage (for example, a first exhaust passage 81A in an embodiment described later) passing through a distal side with respect to the second motor of the first motor in the direction in which the first and second motors are arranged;
A second exhaust passage (for example, a second exhaust passage 81B in an embodiment described later) passing through a distal side of the second motor with respect to the first motor in the arrangement direction.

In addition to the structure of claim 2, the invention according to claim 3
The first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage are common portions (for example, described later) in which the first and second exhaust passages form a common flow path closer to the internal combustion engine than the first plane. A common portion 82) in the embodiment,
The common portion is orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the first and second motors and intersects a virtual plane (for example, a virtual plane P in an embodiment described later) that is equidistant from the first and second motors. It is characterized by being arranged in.

The invention according to claim 4 includes, in addition to the configuration of claim 2 or 3,
The internal combustion engine is arranged at a position that is orthogonal to an arrangement direction of the first and second motors and intersects a virtual plane that is equidistant from the first and second motors.

The invention according to claim 5 includes, in addition to the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
In addition to the first and second electric motors, the drive device further includes first and second transmissions (for example, first and second planetary gear speed reducers 12A and 12B in embodiments described later),
The first electric motor and the first transmission are connected to a left wheel of the vehicle (for example, a left rear wheel LWr in an embodiment described later) so that power can be transmitted,
The second electric motor and the second transmission are connected to a right wheel of the vehicle (for example, a right rear wheel RWr in an embodiment described later) so that power can be transmitted,
The first electric motor is disposed on the left side in the left-right direction; the second electric motor is disposed on the right side in the left-right direction;
The first and second transmissions are disposed inside the first and second electric motors in the left-right direction.

In addition to the structure of Claim 5, the invention according to Claim 6
The rotation axes of the first electric motor, the first transmission, the second electric motor, and the second transmission are arranged on the same axis (for example, an axis x in an embodiment described later),
The first transmission is disposed on a power transmission path between the first electric motor and the left wheel;
The second transmission is disposed on a power transmission path between the second electric motor and the right wheel;
The power transmission path between the first electric motor and the first transmission has a hollow structure (for example, a cylindrical shaft 16A in an embodiment described later),
The power transmission path between the first transmission and the left wheel is inserted through the hollow structure,
The power transmission path between the second electric motor and the second transmission has another hollow structure (for example, a cylindrical shaft 16B in an embodiment described later),
The power transmission path between the second transmission and the right wheel is inserted through the other hollow structure.

The invention according to claim 7 includes, in addition to the configuration of claim 6,
The first and second transmissions are planetary gear mechanisms.

In addition to the structure of any one of Claims 5 to 7, the invention according to Claim 8
The first and second transmissions are formed by connecting at least one element constituting the first and second transmissions to each other.

The invention according to claim 9 includes, in addition to the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The exhaust passage is disposed with a gap with respect to the casing over the entire length.

The invention according to claim 10 includes, in addition to the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The internal combustion engine is connected to wheels of the vehicle so as to be able to transmit power.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the exhaust passage is disposed so as to surround the four surfaces around the casing. Accordingly, the casing is heated from four directions by the heat of the exhaust passage, and the first and second electric motors housed in the casing can be heated.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage are arranged in parallel on the first electric motor side and the second electric motor side of the drive device. Thereby, compared with the case where the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage are arranged in series on the first electric motor side and the second electric motor side of the drive device, the casing is made up of the first electric motor and the second electric motor. Heating can be performed while reducing the difference in the amount of heat received in the direction of the alignment.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the common portion is arranged at an equal distance from the first and second motors and closer to the internal combustion engine than the first and second motors. The amount of heat received can be made uniform.

  According to the fourth aspect of the invention, since the internal combustion engine is arranged on the middle plane of the drive device, the lengths of the first and second exhaust passages can be made substantially the same, and the first and second electric motors can be obtained. The amount of heat received can be made uniform.

According to the invention of claim 5, since the first and second electric motors are arranged side by side in the left-right direction, the difference in the amount of heat received can be reduced compared to the case where they are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction, The first and second electric motors can receive heat evenly.
In general, the electric motor has more elements per unit space than the transmission. Since the electric motor having many elements per unit space in the casing is arranged on the outer side in the left-right direction, heat from the exhaust passage can be received efficiently.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the lengthening of the casing in the radial direction by matching the rotation axes of the four rotating bodies with the hollow structure. In addition, since the distance between the first and second motors from the exhaust passage can be made uniform, the amount of heat received can be made uniform.

  According to the invention of claim 7, by using the planetary gear mechanism, a large reduction ratio can be provided with a compact configuration.

  According to invention of Claim 8, the component of a 1st and 2nd transmission connects between the 1st and 2nd electric motor with much area which contacts a housing | casing compared with a transmission. Thereby, heat can be transferred between the first and second electric motors, and only one of them can be prevented from overheating.

  According to the ninth aspect of the invention, the exhaust passage does not have a direct heat conduction relationship by not contacting the drive device over the entire length. Thereby, it can prevent that a drive device receives heat excessively and a 1st and 2nd electric motor overheats.

  According to the invention of claim 10, the internal combustion engine connected to the exhaust passage for warming the casing forms a drive source for the vehicle. Thereby, the temperature of the electric motor can be increased by the heat of the internal combustion engine when generating the driving force of the vehicle, and there is no need to arrange a separate member such as a heater.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a hybrid vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a rear-wheel drive device. FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial sectional view of an upper portion of the rear wheel drive device shown in FIG. 2. It is the perspective view which looked at the rear-wheel drive device supported with the support apparatus from diagonally forward and downward. It is the schematic of the hybrid vehicle which shows an exhaust passage. It is a bottom view of the hybrid vehicle around a rear wheel drive device. It is a bottom view which shows schematic structure of the hybrid vehicle which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (A)-(c) is the schematic of the hybrid vehicle which concerns on the modification of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, in the first embodiment, a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention having an internal combustion engine disposed at the front of the vehicle and a rear wheel drive device disposed at the rear of the vehicle apart from the internal combustion engine will be described. To do.

  A hybrid vehicle 3 shown in FIG. 1 has a drive device 6 (hereinafter referred to as a front wheel drive device) in which an internal combustion engine 4 and an electric motor 5 are connected in series at the front portion of the vehicle. While being transmitted to the front wheel Wf via the transmission 7, the power of the drive device 1 (hereinafter referred to as a rear wheel drive device) provided at the rear of the vehicle separately from the front wheel drive device 6 is the rear wheel Wr (RWr). , LWr). The rear wheel drive device 1 includes first and second electric motors 2A and 2B. The power of the first electric motor 2A is transmitted to the left rear wheel LWr, and the power of the second electric motor 2B is transmitted to the right rear wheel RWr. The electric motor 5 of the front wheel drive device 6 and the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B of the rear wheel drive device 1 are connected to the battery 9 so that power supply from the battery 9 and energy regeneration to the battery 9 are possible. Yes. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 8 denotes a control device for controlling the entire vehicle.

  FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the entire rear wheel drive device 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the upper part of FIG. A case 11 that is a housing of the rear wheel drive device 1 includes a central case 11M disposed substantially in the vehicle width direction (hereinafter also referred to as a left-right direction of the vehicle) and left and right sides of the central case 11M so as to sandwich the central case 11M. The left side case 11 </ b> A and the right side case 11 </ b> B are arranged in a substantially cylindrical shape. Inside the case 11 are axles 10A and 10B for the rear wheels Wr, first and second electric motors 2A and 2B for driving the axles, and first and second shifts for decelerating the driving rotation of the electric motors 2A and 2B. The 1st and 2nd planetary gear type reduction gears 12A and 12B as a machine are accommodated. The first planetary gear type speed reducer 12A is disposed on the power transmission path between the first electric motor 2A and the left rear wheel LWr, and the second planetary gear type speed reducer 12B transmits the power between the second electric motor 2B and the right rear wheel RWr. Placed on the path. The axle 10A, the first electric motor 2A, and the first planetary gear type speed reducer 12A are connected to the left rear wheel LWr so as to be able to transmit power, and drive-control the left rear wheel LWr. The axle 10B, the second electric motor 2B, and the second planetary gear type speed reducer 12B are connected to the right rear wheel RWr so as to be able to transmit power, and drive-control the right rear wheel RWr.

  The rotation axes of the first electric motor 2A, the first planetary gear speed reducer 12A, the second electric motor 2B, and the second planetary gear speed reducer 12B are arranged side by side on the same axis line x. The first electric motor 2 </ b> A and the first planetary gear speed reducer 12 </ b> A are arranged in this order from the outer side in the left-right direction of the vehicle 3. The second electric motor 2B and the second planetary gear type speed reducer 12B are arranged in this order from the outer side in the left-right direction of the vehicle 3. Accordingly, the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B are disposed outside the first and second planetary gear speed reducers 12A and 12B. The axle 10A, the first electric motor 2A and the first planetary gear speed reducer 12A, and the axle 10B, the second electric motor 2B and the second planetary gear speed reducer 12B are arranged symmetrically in the vehicle width direction in the case 11. Has been.

  The side cases 11A and 11B are respectively provided with partition walls 18A and 18B extending radially inward on the central case 11M side. Between the side cases 11A and 11B and the partition walls 18A and 18B, first and first partitions are provided. Two electric motors 2A and 2B are arranged. Further, first and second planetary gear speed reducers 12A and 12B are arranged in a space surrounded by the central case 11M and the partition walls 18A and 18B. As shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the left side case 11A and the central case 11M constitute a first case 11L that houses the first electric motor 2A and the first planetary gear type speed reducer 12A. The right side case 11B and the central case 11M constitute a second case 11R that accommodates the second electric motor 2B and the second planetary gear speed reducer 12B. The first case 11L includes a left reservoir RL that stores oil as a liquid medium that is used for lubrication and / or cooling of at least one of the first electric motor 2A and the power transmission path, and the second case 11R includes The second electric motor 2B and the right storage part RR that stores oil used for lubrication and / or cooling of at least one of the power transmission paths are provided.

  The rear wheel drive device 1 is provided with a breather device 40 that communicates the inside and outside of the case 11 so that the air inside the case 11 escapes to the outside through the breather chamber 41 so that the air does not become excessively high temperature and pressure. Configured as follows. The breather chamber 41 is disposed at the upper part in the vertical direction of the case 11, and includes an outer wall of the central case 11M, a first cylindrical wall 43 extending substantially horizontally in the central case 11M on the left side case 11A side, and a right side case. A second cylindrical wall 44 extending substantially horizontally on the 11B side, a left and right dividing wall 45 connecting the inner ends of the first and second cylindrical walls 43, 44, and a left side case 11A of the first cylindrical wall 43. A space formed by a baffle plate 47A attached so as to abut on the side tip, and a baffle plate 47B attached so as to abut on the right side case 11B side tip of the second cylindrical wall 44. The

  The first and second cylindrical walls 43, 44 and the left and right dividing walls 45 that form the lower surface of the breather chamber 41 are such that the first cylindrical wall 43 is positioned radially inward from the second cylindrical wall 44, and the left and right dividing walls 45 are A third cylinder that extends from the inner end of the second cylindrical wall 44 to the inner end of the first cylindrical wall 43 while being bent while reducing the diameter, and further extends radially inward and extends substantially horizontally. Reach wall 46. The third cylindrical wall 46 is located on the inner side of both outer end portions of the first cylindrical wall 43 and the second cylindrical wall 44 and substantially in the center thereof.

  In the central case 11M, baffle plates 47A, 47B are planetary gear type in a space between the first cylindrical wall 43 and the outer wall of the central case 11M or a space between the second cylindrical wall 44 and the outer wall of the central case 11M. It is fixed so as to be separated from the speed reducer 12A or the planetary gear type speed reducer 12B.

  In addition, an external communication path 49 that connects the breather chamber 41 and the outside is connected to the central case 11M on the upper surface in the vertical direction of the breather chamber 41. The breather chamber side end portion 49a of the external communication passage 49 is arranged so as to be directed downward in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the oil is prevented from being discharged to the outside through the external communication passage 49.

  In the first and second motors 2A and 2B, the stators 14A and 14B are fixed to the side cases 11A and 11B, respectively, and annular rotors 15A and 15B are provided on the inner peripheral sides of the stators 14A and 14B with respect to the stators 14A and 14B. Are arranged so as to be relatively rotatable. Cylindrical shafts 16A and 16B surrounding the outer periphery of the axles 10A and 10B are coupled to the inner peripheral portions of the rotors 15A and 15B, and the cylindrical shafts 16A and 16B can be relatively rotated coaxially with the axles 10A and 10B. The side cases 11A and 11B are supported by end walls 17A and 17B and partition walls 18A and 18B via bearings 19A and 19B. That is, in this embodiment, the power transmission path between the first electric motor 2A and the first planetary gear type reduction gear 12A has a hollow structure by the cylindrical shaft 16A, and the first planetary gear type reduction gear 12A and the left rear wheel LWr. The axle 10A constituting the power transmission path is inserted through the hollow structure. Similarly, the power transmission path between the second electric motor 2B and the second planetary gear speed reducer 12B has another hollow structure by the cylindrical shaft 16B, and the power between the second planetary gear speed reducer 12B and the right rear wheel RWr. The axle 10B constituting the transmission path is inserted through another hollow structure. Further, the rotation position information of the rotors 15A and 15B is fed back to the control controllers (not shown) of the electric motors 2A and 2B on the end walls 17A and 17B on the outer periphery on one end side of the cylindrical shafts 16A and 16B. Resolvers 20A and 20B are provided.

  The first and second planetary gear speed reducers 12A and 12B include sun gears 21A and 21B, a plurality of planetary gears 22A and 22B meshed with the sun gear 21, and planetary carriers 23A that support these planetary gears 22A and 22B. , 23B and ring gears 24A, 24B meshed with the outer peripheral sides of the planetary gears 22A, 22B. The driving forces of the electric motors 2A, 2B are input from the sun gears 21A, 21B, and the decelerated driving forces are transmitted to the planetary carrier 23A, It is output to the axles 10A and 10B through 23B.

  The sun gears 21A and 21B are formed integrally with the cylindrical shafts 16A and 16B. The planetary gears 22A and 22B are double pinions having first pinions 26A and 26B having large diameters directly meshed with the sun gears 21A and 21B, and second pinions 27A and 27B having smaller diameters than the first pinions 26A and 26B. The first pinions 26A and 26B and the second pinions 27A and 27B are integrally formed in a state of being coaxial and offset in the axial direction. The planetary gears 22A and 22B are supported by the pinion shafts 32A and 32B of the planetary carriers 23A and 23B via needle bearings 31A and 31B, and the planetary carriers 23A and 23B have an axially inner end extending radially inward to the axle 10A. 10B and is supported by the partition walls 18A and 18B via bearings 33A and 33B.

  The ring gears 24A and 24B have gear portions 28A and 28B that are meshed with the second pinions 27A and 27B whose inner peripheral surfaces are small diameters, and small diameters that are smaller than the gear portions 28A and 28B and that are opposed to each other at an intermediate position of the case 11. Parts 29A, 29B, and connecting parts 30A, 30B for connecting the axially inner ends of the gear parts 28A, 28B and the axially outer ends of the small diameter parts 29A, 29B in the radial direction.

  The gear portions 28A and 28B face each other in the axial direction with a third cylindrical wall 46 formed at the inner diameter side end portion of the left and right dividing wall 45 of the central case 11M. The outer diameter surfaces of the small diameter portions 29A and 29B are spline-fitted to an inner race 51 of a one-way clutch 50, which will be described later, and the ring gears 24A and 24B are connected to each other so as to rotate integrally with the inner race 51 of the one-way clutch 50. Configured.

  On the planetary gear type speed reducer 12B side, between the second cylindrical wall 44 of the central case 11M constituting the case 11 and the gear portion 28B of the ring gear 24B, a hydraulic brake 60 constituting braking means for the ring gear 24B is provided. It arrange | positions so that it may overlap with the 1st pinion 26B in radial direction, and it may overlap with the 2nd pinion 27B in an axial direction. The hydraulic brake 60 includes a plurality of fixed plates 35 that are spline-fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical wall 44 and a plurality of rotary plates 36 that are spline-fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the gear portion 28B of the ring gear 24B. These plates 35 and 36 are arranged to be fastened and released by an annular piston 37. The piston 37 is accommodated in an annular cylinder chamber formed between the left and right dividing walls 45 of the central case 11M and the third cylindrical wall 46, and is further provided with a receiving provided on the outer peripheral surface of the third cylindrical wall 46. The elastic member 39 supported by the seat 38 is constantly urged in a direction to release the fixed plate 35 and the rotating plate 36.

  More specifically, the working chamber S into which oil is directly introduced is defined between the left and right dividing walls 45 and the piston 37, and when the pressure of the oil introduced into the working chamber S exceeds the urging force of the elastic member 39, The piston 37 moves forward (to the right), and the fixed plate 35 and the rotating plate 36 are pressed against each other and fastened. When the urging force of the elastic member 39 exceeds the pressure of the oil introduced into the working chamber S, the piston 37 moves backward (leftward movement), and the fixed plate 35 and the rotating plate 36 are separated and released. . The hydraulic brake 60 is connected to an oil pump 70 (see FIG. 4) described later.

  In the case of this hydraulic brake 60, the fixed plate 35 is supported by the second cylindrical wall 44 extending from the left and right dividing walls 45 of the central case 11M constituting the case 11, while the rotating plate 36 is supported by the gear portion 28B of the ring gear 24B. Therefore, when the plates 35 and 36 are pressed by the piston 37, a braking force is applied to the ring gear 24B by the frictional engagement between the plates 35 and 36, and is fixed. When the fastening by the piston 37 is released from this state, the ring gear 24B is allowed to rotate freely. As described above, since the ring gears 24A and 24B are connected to each other, the braking force is also applied to the ring gear 24A when the hydraulic brake 60 is fastened, and the ring gear 24A is fixed when the hydraulic brake 60 is released. Free rotation is allowed.

  Also, a space is secured between the coupling portions 30A and 30B of the ring gears 24A and 24B facing each other in the axial direction, and only power in one direction is transmitted to the ring gears 24A and 24B in the space to transmit power in the other direction. A one-way clutch 50 is arranged to be shut off. The one-way clutch 50 has a large number of sprags 53 interposed between an inner race 51 and an outer race 52. The inner race 51 is connected to the small diameter portions 29A, 29B of the ring gears 24A, 24B by spline fitting. It is configured to rotate integrally. The outer race 52 is positioned by the third cylindrical wall 46 and is prevented from rotating.

  The one-way clutch 50 is configured to engage and lock the rotation of the ring gears 24A and 24B when the vehicle 3 moves forward with the power of the electric motors 2A and 2B. More specifically, the one-way clutch 50 is engaged when rotational power in the forward direction on the motors 2A, 2B side (rotation direction when the vehicle 3 is advanced) is input to the wheel Wr side. When the rotational power in the reverse direction on the electric motors 2A and 2B is input to the wheels Wr, the non-engagement state is established, and when the rotational power in the forward direction on the wheels Wr is input to the electric motors 2A and 2B, it is not engaged. The engaged state is established when the rotating power in the reverse direction on the wheel Wr side is input to the electric motors 2A, 2B while being engaged.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, an oil pump 70 as an auxiliary machine is fixed to the front side surface 11f of the central case 11M. The oil pump 70 is, for example, a trochoid pump, which is driven by an electric motor (not shown) such as a position sensorless / brushless DC motor and sucks oil stored in the left and right reservoirs RL, RR, and the case 11 and axles 10A, 10B, etc. Each part is lubricated and cooled via lubrication flow paths 71A and 71B provided in each of the mechanical parts.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the rear wheel drive device 1 is supported by the subframe 13 by mount members 13 a and 13 b, and is fixed below the floor panel 72 (see FIG. 6) of the vehicle 3 via the subframe 13. The As shown in FIG. 4, on the front side surface 11f of the left side case 11A and the right side case 11B, a three-phase wire of a stator coil wound around the stators 14A and 14B is extended from an external device (not shown). First and second connectors 101A and 101B are provided for electrical connection with the conductive cables 103A and 103B.

  Thus, in the rear wheel drive device 1 of the present embodiment, the one-way clutch 50 and the hydraulic brake 60 are provided in parallel on the power transmission path between the electric motors 2A, 2B and the wheels Wr. It should be noted that the hydraulic brake 60 is released, weakly engaged, or engaged by the pressure of oil supplied from the oil pump 70 according to the running state of the vehicle and the engaged / disengaged state of the one-way clutch 50. Be controlled. For example, when the vehicle 3 moves forward by powering drive of the electric motors 2A and 2B (at low vehicle speed and medium vehicle speed), the one-way clutch 50 is engaged, so that power can be transmitted but the hydraulic brake 60 is weakly engaged. Therefore, even when the input of forward rotational power from the motors 2A and 2B side temporarily decreases and the one-way clutch 50 is disengaged, the motors 2A and 2B Inability to transmit power to the wheel Wr side is suppressed. Further, when the vehicle 3 moves forward by power driving of the internal combustion engine 4 and / or the electric motor 5 (at the time of high vehicle speed), the one-way clutch 50 is disengaged and the hydraulic brake 60 is controlled to be in a released state, Over-rotation of the electric motors 2A and 2B is prevented. On the other hand, when the vehicle 3 moves backward or regenerates, the one-way clutch 50 is disengaged, so that the hydraulic brake 60 is controlled to be in the engaged state, so that the rotational power in the reverse direction from the electric motors 2A and 2B is changed to the wheels Wr. Or forward rotational power on the wheel Wr side is input to the electric motors 2A and 2B.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the rear wheel drive device 1 is arranged behind the internal combustion engine 4 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3. The internal combustion engine 4 connected to the front wheel Wf of the vehicle so as to be able to transmit power is orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B and is located at an equal distance from the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B. It arrange | positions in the position which cross | intersects the virtual plane P (refer FIG. 2).

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the exhaust passage 80, which is connected at one end to the internal combustion engine 4 and through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 4 passes, extends from the internal combustion engine 4 to the rear of the vehicle 3, and is first And the first motor 2A of the second motor 2B in the arrangement direction, and the first exhaust passage 81A passing through the distal side with respect to the second motor 2B of the first motor 2A in the arrangement direction of the second motors 2A and 2B. And a second exhaust passage 81B passing through the distal side. Further, the exhaust passage 80 is disposed at one end side of the first exhaust passage 81A and the second exhaust passage 81B and at a position intersecting the virtual plane P, and is a common flow path for the first and second exhaust passages 81A and 81B. The common part 82 which forms is provided.

  The exhaust passage 80 configured in this manner is arranged so as to surround the four surfaces around the case 11. That is, the exhaust passage 80 passes through the front end of the case 11 and is perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3. The exhaust passage 80 passes through the rear end of the case 11 and is perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3. Is disposed so as to surround a third plane S3 that passes through the left end of the vehicle 3 and orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle 3 and a fourth plane S4 that passes through the right end of the case 11 and orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle 3.

  Specifically, the first exhaust passage 81A branches from the common portion 82 and extends outward in the left-right direction, the branch portion 83a opposed to the first plane S1, and the rear from the branch portion 83a. An axially extending portion 84a that faces S3, an inwardly extending portion 85a that extends inward in the left-right direction toward the rear from the axially extending portion 84a, and that faces the second plane S2, and this inwardly extending portion And a bending portion 86a that is further bent outward from the left and right direction from 85a. Further, the second exhaust passage 81B also branches from the common portion 82 and extends outward in the left-right direction, and extends from the branch portion 83b facing the first plane S1 to the rear and from the branch portion 83b to the fourth plane S4. From the facing axially extending portion 84b, the inwardly extending portion 85b that extends inward in the left-right direction toward the rear from the axially extending portion 84b, and that faces the second plane S2, and the inwardly extending portion 85b And a curved portion 86b that is curved outward in the left-right direction.

Thereby, the case 11 can be heated from four directions by the heat of the exhaust passage 80, and the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B accommodated in the case 11 can be heated. Further, since the first exhaust passage 81A and the second exhaust passage 81B are arranged in parallel on the first motor side and the second motor side of the rear wheel drive device 1, the case 11 is connected to the first motor 2A. Heating can be performed while reducing the difference in the amount of heat received in the direction of alignment with the second electric motor 2B.
Further, since the first exhaust passage 81A and the second exhaust passage 81B are provided with a common portion 82 on the proximal side of the internal combustion engine 4, the amount of heat received by the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B can be made uniform. It is.

  The exhaust passage 80 is disposed with a gap with respect to the case 11 over the entire length in order to prevent the rear wheel drive device 1 from receiving excessive heat and the motors 2A, 2B from overheating.

  As described above, according to the hybrid vehicle 3 according to the present embodiment, the internal combustion engine 4, the exhaust passage 80 through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 4 passes, and the left and right rear wheels LWr, RWr are connected so as to be able to transmit power. A rear wheel drive device 1 having a first and second electric motors 2A and 2B, and a case 11 for accommodating the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B, and disposed separately from the internal combustion engine 4. Have. The rear wheel drive device 1 is disposed behind the internal combustion engine 4 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3, the exhaust passage 80 extends from the internal combustion engine 4 toward the rear of the vehicle 3, and the front end of the case 11 Passes through the first plane S1 orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3, the second plane S2 passes through the rear end of the case 11 and orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3, and passes through the left end of the case 11 and orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle 3 The third plane S3 and the fourth plane S4 passing through the right end of the case 11 and orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle 3 are arranged to surround the third plane S3. Thereby, the case 11 is heated from four directions by the heat of the exhaust passage 80, and the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B accommodated in the case 11 can be heated.

  Further, the exhaust passage 80 is connected to the internal combustion engine 4 at one end side, and is a first passing through the distal side with respect to the second electric motor 2B of the first electric motor 2A in the arrangement direction of the first and second electric motors 2A, 2B. An exhaust passage 81A and a second exhaust passage 81B passing through the distal side with respect to the first electric motor 2A of the second electric motor 2B in the arrangement direction are included. Therefore, since the first exhaust passage 81A and the second exhaust passage 81B are arranged in parallel on the first motor side and the second motor side of the rear wheel drive device 1, the first exhaust passage 81A and the second exhaust passage are arranged. Compared with the case where the passage 81B is arranged in series on the first electric motor side and the second electric motor side of the rear wheel drive device 1, the case 11 is heated while reducing the difference in the amount of heat received in the arrangement direction. Can do.

  Furthermore, the first exhaust passage 81A and the second exhaust passage 81B include a common portion 82 that forms a common flow path for the first and second exhaust passages on the proximal side of the internal combustion engine 4 with respect to the first plane S1. The common part 82 is arranged at a position that intersects the virtual plane P that is orthogonal to the arrangement direction and is equidistant from the first and second electric motors 2A, 2B. Accordingly, since the common portion 82 is disposed at a distance closer to the internal combustion engine 4 than the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B at an equal distance from the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B, the first and second electric motors are disposed. The amount of heat received by 2A and 2B can be made uniform.

  In addition, since the internal combustion engine 4 is disposed at a position intersecting the virtual plane P, that is, on the mid-plane of the rear wheel drive device 1, the lengths of the first and second exhaust passages 81A and 81B are substantially the same. The heat receiving amounts of the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B can be made uniform.

The rear wheel drive device 1 further includes first and second planetary gear type speed reducers 12A and 12B in addition to the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B, and the first motor 2A and the first planetary gear type speed reducer. The machine 12A is connected to the left rear wheel LWr of the vehicle 3 so that power can be transmitted, and the second electric motor 2B and the second planetary gear type speed reducer 12B are connected to the right rear wheel RWr of the vehicle 3 so that power can be transmitted. The first electric motor 2A is arranged on the left side in the left-right direction, the second electric motor 2B is arranged on the right side in the left-right direction, and the first and second planetary gear type speed reducers 12A, 12B are first and second in the left-right direction. It arrange | positions inside the electric motors 2A and 2B. That is, since the first and second electric motors 2A, 2B are arranged side by side in the left-right direction, the difference in the amount of heat received can be reduced compared to the case where they are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction. The first and second electric motors 2A and 2B can receive heat evenly.
In general, the motors 2A and 2B have more elements per unit space than the planetary gear speed reducers 12A and 12B. In the present embodiment, the case 11 has more elements per unit space. Since the electric motors 2A and 2B are disposed on the outer side in the left-right direction, the heat from the exhaust passage 80 can be received efficiently.

  Further, the rotation axes of the first electric motor 2A, the first planetary gear speed reducer 12A, the second electric motor 2B, and the second planetary gear speed reducer 12 are arranged on the same axis x, and the first planetary gear speed reducer 12A is arranged on the power transmission path between the first electric motor 2A and the left rear wheel LWr, and the second planetary gear type speed reducer 12B is arranged on the power transmission path between the second electric motor 2B and the right wheel RWr. The power transmission path between the first electric motor 2A and the first planetary gear type reduction gear 12A has a hollow structure by the cylindrical shaft 16A, and the power transmission path between the first planetary gear type reduction gear 12A and the left rear wheel LWr. Is inserted through the inside of the hollow structure. The power transmission path between the second electric motor 2B and the second planetary gear speed reducer 12B has another hollow structure by the cylindrical shaft 16B, and the power transmission between the second planetary gear speed reducer 12B and the right rear wheel RWr. The axle 10B constituting the path is inserted through another hollow structure. Therefore, it is possible to match the rotational axes of the four rotating bodies by the hollow structure, and to prevent the case 11 from being elongated in the radial direction. Further, since the distances between the exhaust passage 80 and the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B can be made uniform, the amount of heat received can be made uniform.

  Further, by using planetary gear mechanisms as the first and second transmissions 12A and 12B, a large reduction ratio can be given with a compact configuration.

  Further, since the first and second planetary gear type speed reducers 12A and 12B are formed by connecting the ring gears 24A and 24B to each other, the first and second planetary gear speed reducers 12A and 12B have a larger area in contact with the case 11 than the transmissions 12A and 12B. The ring gears 24A and 24B of the first and second planetary gear type speed reducers 12A and 12B are connected between the two electric motors 2A and 2B. Accordingly, heat can be transferred between the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B, and only one of the two electric motors can be prevented from overheating.

  Further, the exhaust passage 80 is disposed with a gap with respect to the case 11 over the entire length. That is, the exhaust passage 80 does not have a direct heat conduction relationship by not contacting the rear wheel drive device 1 at all over its entire length. Thereby, it can prevent that the rear-wheel drive device 1 receives heat excessively and the 1st and 2nd electric motor 2A, 2B overheats.

  The internal combustion engine 4 is connected to the front wheel Wf of the vehicle 3 so that power can be transmitted, and the internal combustion engine 4 connected to the exhaust passage 80 for warming the case 11 serves as a drive source of the vehicle 3. Thereby, the temperature of the electric motors 2A and 2B can be increased by the heat of the internal combustion engine 4 when the driving force of the vehicle 3 is generated, and there is no need to arrange another member such as a heater.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a hybrid vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the same or equivalent parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted or simplified.

  The exhaust passage 80a of the present embodiment is the first implementation in that the first exhaust passage 81A and the second exhaust passage 81B do not have the common portion 82 and are separately connected to one end side of the internal combustion engine 4. Different from that of form.

  In this case, the first exhaust passage 81 </ b> A is in front of the axial extension 84 a and toward the rear in addition to the axial extension 84 a, the inward extension 85 a, and the curved portion 86 a of the first embodiment. It has an outwardly extending portion 87a that extends outward in the left-right direction and faces the first plane S1. Further, the second exhaust passage 81B is also arranged in front of the axial extension 84b and in the right and left as it goes rearward in addition to the axial extension 84b, the inward extension 85b, and the curved portion 86b of the first embodiment. An outwardly extending portion 87b that extends outward in the direction and faces the first plane S1 is provided.

Accordingly, the exhaust passage 80a also passes through the front end of the case 11 and is orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3, and the second plane S2 passes through the rear end of the case 11 and is orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3. The third plane S3 passing through the left end of the case 11 and orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle 3 and the fourth plane S4 passing through the right end of the case 11 and orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle 3 are disposed. Therefore, the case 11 can be heated from four directions by the heat of the exhaust passage 80, and the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B accommodated in the case 11 can be heated.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, A deformation | transformation, improvement, etc. are possible suitably.
In the above-described embodiment, the front wheel drive device 6 provided with the internal combustion engine 4 and the electric motor 5 at the front part of the vehicle, and the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B and the first and second motors at the rear part of the vehicle separated from the internal combustion engine 4 are provided. Although the hybrid vehicle having the rear wheel drive device 1 including the planetary gear speed reducers 12A and 12B has been described, the present invention relates to the internal combustion engine 4 to which the exhaust passages 80 and 80a are connected, As long as it has 1st and 2nd electric motor 2A, 2B and the drive device provided with the case 11, it is spaced apart and it is not limited to this.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the drive device 1 disposed at the rear of the vehicle may include the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B and the left and right rear wheels LWr, without the first and second transmissions. The RWr may be connected to be able to transmit power. Further, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the front wheel drive device 1a having the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B and the first and second transmissions 12A and 12B has an internal combustion engine 4 in front of the drive device 1a. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the left and right front wheels LWf and RWf are driven by being spaced apart from each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 8C, the front wheel drive device 1a disposed in the front portion of the vehicle includes the first and second electric motors 2A and 2B and the left and right front wheels LWf without the first and second transmissions. , RWf may be connected to be able to transmit power.

  In the present embodiment, the two electric motors 2A and 2B are accommodated in one case 11, but the present invention is not limited to this, and separate cases may be provided and accommodated in the respective cases.

  Furthermore, although the exhaust passages 80 and 80a of the present invention are configured by exhaust pipes, they may be configured to include a catalyst device and a silencer connected to the exhaust pipe, and the catalyst device and the silencer are the first. Or the structure which surrounds a 4th plane partially may be sufficient.

Further, the exhaust passage 80 is not limited to the one in the above embodiment as long as it is formed so as to surround the first to fourth planes. What is necessary is just to design according to a shape.
For example, in the first and second exhaust passages 81A and 81B, the axially extending portions 84a and 84b are swelled most in the vicinity of the axles 10A and 10B, that is, the position intersecting the axis line x in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. However, it may be formed linearly along the front-rear direction.

1 Rear wheel drive device (drive device)
1a Front wheel drive device (drive device)
2A First electric motor 2B Second electric motor 3 Hybrid vehicle 4 Internal combustion engine 11 Case (housing)
12A First planetary gear type speed reducer (first transmission)
12B Second planetary gear type speed reducer (second transmission)
16a, 16b Cylindrical shaft 80 Exhaust passage 81A First exhaust passage 81B Second exhaust passage 82 Common part P Virtual plane x Axis S1 First plane S2 Second plane S3 Third plane S4 Fourth plane

Claims (10)

An internal combustion engine;
An exhaust passage through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine passes;
A drive device having first and second electric motors connected to wheels of the vehicle so as to be capable of transmitting power; and a housing for accommodating the first and second electric motors; ,
A hybrid vehicle having
The drive device is arranged in the front-rear direction of the vehicle and behind the internal combustion engine,
The exhaust passage extends from the internal combustion engine toward the rear of the vehicle, and
A first plane passing through the front end of the casing and orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle, a second plane passing through the rear end of the casing and orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and passing through the left end of the casing The hybrid vehicle is disposed so as to surround a third plane orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle and a fourth plane orthogonal to the left-right direction of the vehicle passing through the right end of the housing. One end side of the exhaust passage is connected to the internal combustion engine, and
A first exhaust passage passing through a distal side with respect to the second motor of the first motor in the direction in which the first and second motors are arranged;
The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: a second exhaust passage that passes in a distal direction with respect to the first motor of the second motor in the arrangement direction. The first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage include a common part in which the first and second exhaust passages form a common flow path closer to the internal combustion engine than the first plane,
The common portion is disposed at a position that is orthogonal to an arrangement direction of the first and second motors and intersects a virtual plane that is equidistant from the first and second motors. The hybrid vehicle described in 1.   The internal combustion engine is arranged at a position that is orthogonal to the direction in which the first and second motors are arranged and intersects a virtual plane that is equidistant from the first and second motors. Or the hybrid vehicle according to 3; The drive device further includes first and second transmissions in addition to the first and second electric motors,
The first electric motor and the first transmission are connected to a left wheel of the vehicle so that power can be transmitted,
The second electric motor and the second transmission are connected to a right wheel of the vehicle so that power can be transmitted,
The first electric motor is disposed on the left side in the left-right direction; the second electric motor is disposed on the right side in the left-right direction;
The hybrid vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first and second transmissions are disposed inside the first and second electric motors in the left-right direction. The rotation axis of the first electric motor and the rotation axis of the first transmission are arranged on the same straight line,
The rotation axis of the second electric motor and the rotation axis of the second transmission are arranged on the same straight line,
The rotation axis of the first motor and the first transmission and the rotation axis of the second motor and the second transmission are arranged on the same straight line,
The first transmission is disposed on a power transmission path between the first electric motor and the left wheel;
The second transmission is disposed on a power transmission path between the second electric motor and the right wheel;
The power transmission path between the first electric motor and the first transmission has a hollow structure,
The power transmission path between the first transmission and the left wheel is inserted through the hollow structure,
The power transmission path between the second electric motor and the second transmission has another hollow structure,
The hybrid vehicle according to claim 5, wherein a power transmission path between the second transmission and the right wheel is inserted through the other hollow structure.   The hybrid vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the first and second transmissions are planetary gear mechanisms.   The first and second transmissions are formed by connecting at least one element constituting the first and second transmissions to each other. Hybrid vehicle.   The hybrid vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the exhaust passage is arranged with a gap with respect to the housing over the entire length.   The hybrid vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the internal combustion engine is connected to wheels of the vehicle so as to be able to transmit power.

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