JP2013234545A - Tsunami/tidal wave protection embankment - Google Patents

Tsunami/tidal wave protection embankment Download PDF

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JP2013234545A
JP2013234545A JP2012109226A JP2012109226A JP2013234545A JP 2013234545 A JP2013234545 A JP 2013234545A JP 2012109226 A JP2012109226 A JP 2012109226A JP 2012109226 A JP2012109226 A JP 2012109226A JP 2013234545 A JP2013234545 A JP 2013234545A
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JP5843689B2 (en
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Masato Yamashita
眞人 山下
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YAMASHITA SYSTEM ZOSAKU KK
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tsunami/tidal wave protection embankment which is simple in structure and which buffers the breakage energy of a giant tsunami by utilizing reflection and wraparound actions of tsunami to obstacles and prevents harbor facilities, houses, and plow lands from being damaged.SOLUTION: A plurality of arcuate embankments each having an arcuate offshore direction side face are arranged at prescribed intervals along a virtual line of an arcuate shape in plane view in a bay, and the lower ends of the embankments are fixed to a sea bottom. In the offing of a central part of the plurality of arcuate embankments, a wave branching embankment with a front end of an acute angle in the offshore direction is installed and its lower end is fixed to the sea bottom. When a tsunami or tidal waves surge into the bay, the shape of the side surfaces of the wave branching embankment and the plurality of arcuate embankments changes a direction of travel of the tsunami or the tidal waves and makes the tsunami or the tidal waves collide together in the central part to absorb and buffer energy thereof.

Description

本発明は、津波や高波が湾内や河川を遡上し、港湾施設や人家並びに田畑に損害を及ぼすことを防止する津波、高波防御用堤防に関する。   The present invention relates to a tsunami and high wave defense embankment that prevents a tsunami and high waves from going up a bay or river and causing damage to harbor facilities, people's houses, and fields.

津波と高波は共に海水の振動によって伝わる波動現象であり、障害物に対して反射したりまわり込んだりする特性や浅瀬に来た時の振る舞いはよく似ている。しかし、大きく異なる部分は、高波は海上を吹く風によって発生した海水表面部分の動きであるのに対して、津波は海底地盤の上下動による海水全体の動きであり、津波のエネルギーは高波と比べようもないほど莫大である。   Both tsunamis and high waves are wave phenomena transmitted by the vibration of seawater, and the characteristics of reflecting and wrapping around obstacles and the behavior when coming to shallow water are very similar. However, the major difference is that the high waves are the movement of the surface of the seawater generated by the wind blowing over the sea, whereas the tsunami is the movement of the whole seawater due to the vertical movement of the seabed, and the energy of the tsunami is compared to the high waves. It is so huge.

従来、日本各地で大津波に備えて一文字防波堤や潜堤が湾内に設置されている。例えば、三陸の大船渡湾では９００ｍと６００ｍの２本の一文字防波堤が設置されている。この一文字防波堤は、水深−４０ｍの海底より巨大ケーソンで築造され、２本の巨大一文字防波堤の間に船舶航行のための２００ｍの開口が設けられている。しかしながら、２０１１年３月１１日の東日本大震災の大津波により２本の巨大一文字防波堤は全く効果を発揮することなく破壊された。このような巨大一文字防波堤は、台風の高波に対しては十分効力を発揮し、湾内の波浪静穏には寄与するけれども、高さ１５ｍ以上の巨大津波対しては全く役に立たないことが判明した。   Traditionally, one-letter breakwaters and submersibles have been installed in the bay in preparation for major tsunamis throughout Japan. For example, in Sanriku, Ofunato Bay, two single letter breakwaters of 900m and 600m are installed. This one-letter breakwater is built with a huge caisson from the bottom of the sea at a depth of -40 m, and a 200-m opening for ship navigation is provided between the two giant one-letter breakwaters. However, due to the great tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, the two huge single-letter breakwaters were destroyed without any effect. Such a huge single-letter breakwater is sufficiently effective against typhoon high waves and contributes to the calmness of waves in the bay, but it has been found that it is completely useless for giant tsunamis with a height of 15 m or more.

特開平７−１１４２１９号公報JP-A-7-114219

東日本大震災の大津波により大船渡湾の巨大一文字防波堤が破壊された原因としては、巨大一文字防波堤が海底に巨大ケーソンの重量だけで支持されたものであり、大津波の巨大な破壊エネルギーが直接巨大一文字防波堤に対して襲いかかった結果、巨大一文字防波堤は海底設置部分からひっくり返り破壊された。このような巨大津波に対してまともにその破壊エネルギーに耐える構造の防波堤を構築することは、巨額の費用が必要としその構築は不可能に近いものがある。   The reason for the destruction of the giant one-letter breakwater in Ofunato Bay by the Great East Japan Earthquake was that the giant one-letter breakwater was supported by the weight of the giant caisson on the seabed, and the giant tsunami's massive destruction energy was directly one giant letter. As a result of attacking the breakwater, the huge single-letter breakwater was turned over and destroyed from the seabed. Building a breakwater with a structure that can withstand such destructive energy against such a huge tsunami requires a huge amount of money, and its construction is almost impossible.

本発明は、前記従来技術の持つ課題を解決する、構造が簡単で、津波の持つ障害物に対する反射やまわり込み作用を利用し、巨大津波の破壊エネルギーを緩衝し、港湾施設や人家並びに田畑に損害を及ぼすことを防止する津波、高波防御用堤防を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves the problems of the prior art, has a simple structure, uses reflection and sneak action on obstacles of tsunami, buffers the destruction energy of huge tsunami, and protects harbor facilities, houses and fields. The purpose is to provide a tsunami and high wave defense embankment that prevents damage.

本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防は、前記課題を解決するために、沖合方向側面が円弧状の円弧状防波堤を湾内に平面視円弧状の仮想ラインに沿って一定間隔をおいて下端部を海底に固定して複数配置し、複数の円弧状の防波堤の中央部の沖合に沖合方向の先端が鋭角の波分岐防波堤を下端部を海底に固定して設置し、津波や高波が湾内に押し寄せてきた際、波分岐防波堤と複数の円弧状防波堤の側面形状が、津波、高波の進行方向を変換させ中央部で津波、高波同士を衝突させそのエネルギーを吸収し緩衝することを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above problems, the tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention has an arc-shaped breakwater with an arcuate side surface in the offshore direction, and a lower end portion at a certain interval along a virtual arc-shaped line in a plan view. A plurality of arc-shaped breakwaters are fixed on the seafloor, and a wave-breaking breakwater with an acute offshore tip is installed offshore at the center of the arc-shaped breakwater with the lower end fixed to the seabed. When traveling, the side shape of the wave branch breakwater and the plurality of arc-shaped breakwaters is characterized in that the traveling direction of the tsunami and high waves is changed and the tsunami and high waves collide with each other in the center to absorb and buffer the energy.

また、本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防は、前記円弧状防波堤及び前記波分岐防波堤が海底に打設された杭と一体に固定することを特徴とする。   The tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention is characterized in that the arc-shaped breakwater and the wave branch breakwater are fixed integrally with a pile placed on the seabed.

また、本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防は、前記円弧状防波堤及び前記波分岐防波堤の外表面に鋼板を設置することを特徴とする。   Moreover, the tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention is characterized in that steel plates are installed on the outer surfaces of the arc-shaped breakwater and the wave branch breakwater.

また、本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防は、前記波分岐防波堤の後方に船舶の航路を確保することを特徴とする。   Further, the tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention is characterized in that a ship's channel is secured behind the wave branch breakwater.

また、本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防は、円弧状防波堤に風力発電用の風車を設置することを特徴とする。   Moreover, the tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention is characterized in that a windmill for wind power generation is installed on an arc-shaped breakwater.

沖合方向側面が円弧状の円弧状防波堤を湾内に平面視円弧状の仮想ラインに沿って一定間隔をおいて下端部を海底に固定して複数配置し、複数の円弧状の防波堤の中央部の沖合に沖合方向の先端が鋭角の波分岐防波堤を下端部を海底に固定して設置し、津波や高波が湾内に押し寄せてきた際、波分岐防波堤と複数の円弧状防波堤の側面形状が津波、高波の進行方向を変換させ中央部で津波、高波同士を衝突させそのエネルギーを吸収し緩衝することで、円弧状防波堤及び波分岐防波堤が大津波の破壊エネルギーを直接防波堤で負荷することなく緩衝することが可能になる。
円弧状防波堤及び波分岐防波堤が海底に打設された杭と一体に固定することで、津波による海底から海面までの海水の圧力に耐えることが可能になる。
円弧状防波堤及び前記波分岐防波堤の外表面に鋼板を設置することで、防波堤の強度を増加することが可能となる。
波分岐防波堤の後方に船舶の航路を確保することで、波分岐防波堤が沖合からの波浪の進行方向を横方向にずらすので航路を静穏状態にすることが可能となる。
円弧状防波堤に風力発電用の風車を設置することで、風力発電効率が良い常時風が吹く海上に設置されるので風力発電効率を良くすることが可能となる。 A plurality of arc-shaped breakwaters with an arc-shaped side in the offshore direction are arranged in the bay with a fixed interval at the lower end along the arc-shaped virtual line in plan view and fixed at the bottom of the sea. A wave branch breakwater with an acute off-shore tip is installed offshore and the bottom end is fixed to the sea floor.When a tsunami or a high wave rushes into the bay, the side shape of the wave branch breakwater and multiple arc breakwaters is tsunami, By changing the traveling direction of high waves and colliding tsunamis and high waves with each other in the center to absorb and buffer the energy, the arc breakwater and wave branch breakwater buffer the tsunami breaking energy without directly loading it on the breakwater It becomes possible.
By fixing the arc-shaped breakwater and the wave branch breakwater integrally with the pile placed on the sea floor, it becomes possible to withstand the pressure of seawater from the sea floor to the sea surface caused by the tsunami.
By installing a steel plate on the outer surface of the arc-shaped breakwater and the wave branch breakwater, the strength of the breakwater can be increased.
By securing the ship's route behind the wave branch breakwater, the wave branch breakwater shifts the traveling direction of waves from offshore in the horizontal direction, so that the route can be kept quiet.
By installing a windmill for wind power generation on the arc-shaped breakwater, it is possible to improve wind power generation efficiency because it is installed on the sea where wind power generation efficiency is always blowing.

本発明の実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows embodiment of this invention.

本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防の実施の形態を図により説明する。   Embodiments of the tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防は、陸側に津波や高波から防御する施設、例えば港湾施設、原子力発電所等の施設が存在する海域に設置される。湾内に津波、高波防御用堤防を設置する場合、魚介類，海藻の養殖海域を堤防の内側に確保するため陸側から所定距離離れた沖合に設置する。   The tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention is installed in a sea area where facilities that protect against tsunami and high waves on the land side, for example, facilities such as port facilities and nuclear power plants exist. When installing a tsunami and high wave defense embankment in the bay, install it offshore a predetermined distance from the land to secure the seafood and seaweed aquaculture area inside the embankment.

図１は、本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防の配置状態を示す平面図である。   FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an arrangement state of a tsunami and high wave defense embankment according to the present invention.

津波、高波防御用堤防は、沖合方向の先端が鋭角な波分岐防波堤１と、沖合方向の側面が円弧状の円弧状防波堤２を複数配置して構成される。複数の円弧状防波堤２Ａ，２Ｂ，２Ｃ，２Ｄ，２Ｅ，２Ｆ，２Ｇ，２Ｈが平面視円弧状の仮想ラインに沿って所定間隔をおいて配置される。え円弧状防波堤２の沖合に向いた円弧状側面の曲率と平面視円弧状の仮想ラインの曲率をできるだけ同じにするのが好ましい。   The tsunami and high wave defense embankment is configured by arranging a plurality of wave-breaking breakwaters 1 having an acute offshore tip and an arc-shaped breakwater 2 having an arcuate side surface in the offshore direction. A plurality of arc-shaped breakwaters 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F, 2G, and 2H are arranged at predetermined intervals along a virtual line that is arc-shaped in plan view. It is preferable that the curvature of the arc-shaped side surface facing the offshore of the arc-shaped breakwater 2 and the curvature of the virtual line having a circular arc shape in plan view be made as similar as possible.

平面視円弧状の仮想ラインの中心、即ち円弧状防波堤２Ｄと２Ｅ間の沖合に波分岐防波堤１を設置する。波分岐防波堤１の設置位置は、円弧状防波堤２Ｄと２Ｅ間が主要船舶の航路となるため、所定距離をおいて設置する。円弧状防波堤間の間隔は通常１００〜２００ｍとし、円弧状防波堤２Ｄと２Ｅ間は、主要航路となるため若干広めの間隔とする。   The wave branch breakwater 1 is installed in the center of the virtual line that is arcuate in plan view, that is, offshore between the arcuate breakwaters 2D and 2E. The wave branch breakwater 1 is installed at a predetermined distance since the arc breakwaters 2D and 2E serve as a route for the main ship. The interval between the arc-shaped breakwaters is usually 100 to 200 m, and the interval between the arc-shaped breakwaters 2D and 2E is a slightly wider interval because it is the main route.

図２、図３は、波分岐防波堤１の平面図と正面図である。波分岐防波堤１は、沖合方向の先端が鋭角の平面視３角形をしており、その下端部は海底３に打設された杭４に一体に固定されている。波分岐防波堤１の側面には鋼板を一体に設置し耐久性を向上させると良い。波分岐防波堤１の海面から突き出す高さは、大津波の高さを考慮して設定する。また、波分岐防波堤１の平面視形状を沖合方向とその反対方向が鋭角な菱形にしても良い。   2 and 3 are a plan view and a front view of the wave branch breakwater 1. The wave branch breakwater 1 has a triangular shape in plan view with an acute tip at the offshore direction, and its lower end is fixed integrally to a pile 4 placed on the seabed 3. It is preferable to install a steel plate integrally on the side surface of the wave branch breakwater 1 to improve durability. The height of the wave branch breakwater 1 protruding from the sea surface is set in consideration of the height of the large tsunami. Moreover, you may make the planar view shape of the wave branch breakwater 1 into a rhombus with an acute angle in the offshore direction and the opposite direction.

波分岐防波堤１の構築法としては、水深３０ｍ〜５０ｍの海底に設置する場合もあるので、陸上で防波堤を複数のブロックに分割して製造し、台船等で設置海域まで運搬し現場で複数のブロックを組み立てて構築することも可能である。また、波分岐防波堤１を浮力を有するケーソンとして製造し、タグボート等でケーソンを設置海域まで運搬し、設置海域でケーソンを沈めて製造することも可能である。   As a method of constructing the wave branch breakwater 1, there are cases where it is installed on the seabed at a depth of 30m to 50m. Therefore, the breakwater is divided into a plurality of blocks on land, transported to the installation sea area with a trolley, etc. It is also possible to assemble and construct the blocks. It is also possible to manufacture the wave branch breakwater 1 as a caisson having buoyancy, transport the caisson to an installation sea area by a tugboat or the like, and sink the caisson in the installation sea area.

波分岐防波堤１の海底３への固定は、アンカー等による固定も考えられるが、大津波による大きな圧力を考慮すると海底３に打設された杭４に一体に固定するのが望ましい。海底３への杭４の打設は、作業船から直接海底３に打設しても、波分岐防波堤１がある程度構築された段階で、波分岐防波堤１から海底３に打設しても良い。   The anchoring of the wave branch breakwater 1 to the seabed 3 may be possible by anchoring or the like, but it is desirable to fix the wave branch breakwater 1 to the pile 4 placed on the seabed 3 in consideration of the large pressure caused by the large tsunami. The pile 4 can be placed on the seabed 3 directly from the work boat on the seabed 3 or when the wave branch breakwater 1 is constructed to some extent, it can be placed on the seabed 3 from the wave branch breakwater 1. .

図４、図５は、円弧状防波堤２の平面図と側面図である。円弧状防波堤２の沖合方向の側は円弧状をしており、その下端部は海底３に打設された杭４に一体に固定する。円弧状防波堤２の側面には鋼板を一体に設置し耐久性を向上させると良い。円弧状防波堤２の海面から突き出す高さは、大津波の高さを考慮して設定する。   4 and 5 are a plan view and a side view of the arc-shaped breakwater 2. The offshore direction side of the arc-shaped breakwater 2 has an arc shape, and the lower end thereof is integrally fixed to a pile 4 placed on the seabed 3. It is preferable to improve the durability by integrally installing a steel plate on the side surface of the arc-shaped breakwater 2. The height of the arc-shaped breakwater 2 protruding from the sea surface is set in consideration of the height of the large tsunami.

円弧状防波堤２を沖合方向の部分を高くし、陸側部分を低くして形成し、陸側の低い部分に風力発電用風車５を設置しても良い。円弧状防波堤２は、陸地から離れた海域に設置されるので常時ある程度の風が吹くことが期待されるので風力発電効率の良い環境にある。   The arc-shaped breakwater 2 may be formed by increasing the offshore direction part and lowering the land side part, and the wind turbine 5 for wind power generation may be installed at the land side low part. Since the arc-shaped breakwater 2 is installed in a sea area away from the land, it is expected that a certain amount of wind will blow at all times, so that it is in an environment with good wind power generation efficiency.

円弧状防波堤２の構築法としては、水深３０ｍ〜５０ｍの海底に設置する場合もあるので、陸上で防波堤を複数のブロックに分割して製造し、台船等で設置海域まで運搬し現場で複数のブロックを組み立てて構築することも可能である。また、円弧状防波堤２を浮力を有するケーソンとして製造し、タグボート等でケーソンを設置海域まで運搬し、設置海域でケーソンを沈めて製造することも可能である。   As a method of constructing the arc-shaped breakwater 2, there are cases where it is installed on the seabed at a depth of 30m to 50m. Therefore, the breakwater is divided into a plurality of blocks on land, manufactured and transported to the installation sea area by a trolley etc. It is also possible to assemble and construct the blocks. It is also possible to manufacture the arc-shaped breakwater 2 as a caisson having buoyancy, transport the caisson to an installation sea area by a tugboat or the like, and sink the caisson in the installation sea area.

円弧状防波堤２の海底３への固定は、アンカー等による固定も考えられるが、大津波による大きな圧力を考慮すると海底３に打設された杭４に一体に固定するのが望ましい。海底３への杭４の打設は、作業船から直接海底３に打設しても、波分岐防波堤１がある程度構築された段階で、波分岐防波堤１から海底３に打設しても良い。   The arc-shaped breakwater 2 can be fixed to the seabed 3 by anchors or the like, but it is desirable to fix the arc-shaped breakwater 2 to the pile 4 placed on the seabed 3 in consideration of a large pressure caused by a large tsunami. The pile 4 can be placed on the seabed 3 directly from the work boat on the seabed 3 or when the wave branch breakwater 1 is constructed to some extent, it can be placed on the seabed 3 from the wave branch breakwater 1. .

次に、本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防の作用について図１により説明する。沖合から押し寄せる津波は、波分岐防波堤１で左右に進行方向を変更される。中心から左側の円弧状防波堤２Ａ、２Ｂ、２Ｃ、２Ｄに向かった津波は、円弧状側面により下向き反時計回りの進行方向を変換される。中心から右側の左側の円弧状防波堤２Ｅ、２Ｆ、２Ｇ、２Ｈに向かった津波は、円弧状側面により下向き時計回りの進行方向を変換される。その結果、左右の円弧状防波堤により進行方向を変換された津波は中央部で衝突し、そのエネルギーの大部分が消費され、陸側に向かう津波の力を緩衝することが可能となる。   Next, the operation of the tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The direction of the tsunami coming from offshore is changed to the left and right by the wave branch breakwater 1. The tsunami heading from the center toward the left arc-shaped breakwaters 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D is converted in the downward counterclockwise traveling direction by the arc-shaped side surface. The tsunami heading from the center toward the left arc-shaped breakwaters 2E, 2F, 2G, 2H on the right side is converted in the downward clockwise direction by the arc-shaped side surface. As a result, the tsunami whose direction of travel has been changed by the left and right arc-shaped breakwaters collides at the central portion, and most of the energy is consumed, and the force of the tsunami heading to the land side can be buffered.

台風による高波の場合も同様である。円弧状防波堤２の陸側は、台風等の高波でも静穏を保持できるので各種養殖に最適の海域となる。   The same applies to high waves caused by typhoons. The land side of the arc-shaped breakwater 2 can be kept calm even by high waves such as typhoons, so it is an optimal sea area for various aquaculture.

以上のように、本発明の津波、高波防御用堤防によれば、円弧状防波堤及び波分岐防波堤が大津波の破壊エネルギーを直接防波堤で負荷することなく緩衝することが可能になる。   As described above, according to the tsunami and high wave defense embankment of the present invention, the arc-shaped breakwater and the wave branch breakwater can buffer the breaking energy of the large tsunami without directly loading the breakwater.

１：波分岐防波堤、２：円弧状防波堤、３：海底、４：杭、５：風力発電用風車   1: Wave branch breakwater 2: Arc breakwater 3: Sea floor 4: Pile 5: Wind turbine for wind power generation

Claims (5)

沖合方向側面が円弧状の円弧状防波堤を湾内に平面視円弧状の仮想ラインに沿って一定間隔をおいて下端部を海底に固定して複数配置し、複数の円弧状の防波堤の中央部の沖合に沖合方向の先端が鋭角の波分岐防波堤を下端部を海底に固定して設置し、津波や高波が湾内に押し寄せてきた際、波分岐防波堤と複数の円弧状防波堤の側面形状が、津波、高波の進行方向を変換させ中央部で津波、高波同士を衝突させそのエネルギーを吸収し緩衝することを特徴とする津波用堤防。   A plurality of arc-shaped breakwaters with an arc-shaped side in the offshore direction are arranged in the bay with a fixed interval at the lower end along the arc-shaped virtual line in plan view and fixed at the bottom of the sea. A wave branch breakwater with an acute off-shore tip is installed offshore and the bottom end is fixed to the seabed.When a tsunami or high wave is pushed into the bay, the side shape of the wave branch breakwater and multiple arc breakwaters is A tsunami embankment characterized by changing the traveling direction of high waves and colliding tsunamis and high waves in the center to absorb and buffer the energy. 前記円弧状防波堤及び前記波分岐防波堤が海底に打設された杭と一体に固定することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の津波、高波防御用堤防。   2. The tsunami and high wave defense embankment according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped breakwater and the wave branch breakwater are fixed integrally with a pile placed on a seabed. 前記円弧状防波堤及び前記波分岐防波堤の外表面に鋼板を設置することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の津波、高波防御用堤防。   The tsunami and high wave defense embankment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a steel plate is installed on an outer surface of the arc-shaped breakwater and the wave branch breakwater. 前記波分岐防波堤の後方に船舶の航路を確保することを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれか１項に記載の津波、高波防御用堤防。   The tsunami and high wave defense embankment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a ship passage is secured behind the wave branch breakwater. 前記円弧状防波堤に風力発電用の風車を設置することを特徴とする請求項１ないし４のいずれか１項に記載の津波、高波防御用堤防。   The tsunami and high wave defense embankment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a windmill for wind power generation is installed on the arc-shaped breakwater.
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