CN112343092A - Underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scouring prevention hole - Google Patents
Underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scouring prevention hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN112343092A CN112343092A CN202011334539.2A CN202011334539A CN112343092A CN 112343092 A CN112343092 A CN 112343092A CN 202011334539 A CN202011334539 A CN 202011334539A CN 112343092 A CN112343092 A CN 112343092A
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- scouring
- scour
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
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- Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scouring prevention holes, and belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power pile foundation protection. The offshore wind power pile comprises a plurality of scouring protection modules which are arranged in an array, wherein the scouring protection modules are connected with one another and laid on a seabed around an offshore wind power pile, and a slope which is transited to the seabed is arranged at the edge of a scouring protection device; the scouring protection module is uniformly provided with a plurality of scouring holes. The device divides the space of marine wind power pile foundation bottom into vertical scouring holes with very small cross sections, and after water current flows around the cylindrical pile, the horseshoe vortex turbulent flow formed around the pile foundation develops downwards to directly impact the scouring protection device, and vertical impact components are dissipated in scouring hole structures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of protection of offshore wind power pile foundations, and particularly relates to an underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scouring prevention holes.
Background
The installed capacity of offshore wind power is increased year by year, and particularly, offshore wind power is developed and constructed rapidly due to good construction conditions in coastal provinces. Because the offshore water depth is shallow and generally does not exceed 30m, most offshore wind power adopts a fixed pile foundation. Among the many forms of fixed pile foundations, single pile foundations are most frequently used. The single pile foundation is characterized in that a large-diameter steel pipe pile is vertically driven into a seabed by a pile driving hammer, and a pile head is higher than the sea level and is connected with a tower cylinder of a wind turbine generator through bolts. The single-pile foundation is simple in structure and rapid in construction, and is widely applied to offshore wind power development.
The sea water flow velocity is fast in a plurality of offshore areas due to large tidal current changes, and the sea bed mainly comprises sandy mud components, so that the ocean pile foundation is easy to scour. The detection result of the launched offshore wind power plant shows that the depth of a pile foundation erosion pit of a part of large-diameter single-pile foundations can reach more than ten meters, the diameter of the erosion pit can reach dozens of meters, and the maximum influence range of the most serious erosion pit in the horizontal direction can be close to one hundred meters. After the foundation scour pit of the offshore wind power pile is formed, as the mud penetration depth of the pile foundation becomes shallow, the bearing capacity, the pulling resistance and the torsion resistance of the pile foundation are all reduced, and serious threats are brought to the safe operation of a unit. Therefore, it is very important to take scouring protection measures for large-diameter pile foundations. At present, a manual backfilling method is needed to remedy the serious scouring pit, and the size of the scouring pit is huge, so that the backfilling amount can reach ten thousand cubic meters, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an underwater pile foundation scour protection apparatus with scour prevention holes, which can effectively relieve erosion of horseshoe vortexes on the seabed after pile driving, prevent small-range seabed erosion and scour pit expansion around the pile driving, and effectively protect seabed stability and foundation safety around the foundation.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scouring prevention holes, which comprises a plurality of scouring protection modules arranged in an array, wherein the scouring protection modules are connected with each other and laid on a seabed around an offshore wind power pile, and the edge of the scouring protection device is provided with a slope which is transited to the seabed; the scouring protection module is uniformly provided with a plurality of scouring holes.
Preferably, the total length of the scour protection means in the direction of the current is more than 10 times the diameter of the offshore wind power pile, and the total length in the direction perpendicular to the current is more than 6 times the diameter of the offshore wind power pile.
Preferably, the thickness of the scouring prevention device is more than or equal to 0.6m, the horizontal length of the slope at the edge of the scouring prevention device is more than or equal to 2m, and the thickness of the lowest point is less than or equal to 0.05 m.
Preferably, the scouring protection module is a cuboid, and the length and the width of the scouring protection module are both 0.5-2.5 m.
Preferably, the scouring protection module is of a steel mesh cement structure.
Preferably, the scouring protection module on the periphery of the offshore wind power pile is naturally attached to the contact surface of the offshore wind power pile.
Preferably, the maximum clearance of the contact surface of the scouring protection module and the offshore wind power pile is less than 0.3 m.
Preferably, the depth of the flushing holes is greater than 0.6 m.
Preferably, the flushing holes are rectangular in cross-section.
Further preferably, the side length of the flushing holes is less than or equal to 0.05 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the seawater flows due to the influence of the flood tide, and the flow directions of the flood tide and the flood tide are basically fixed in two opposite directions. For a relatively flat seabed without obstacles, the tidal water flow basically presents a laminar flow state, the erosion force in the vertical direction is weak, and the scouring effect of sea current on the seabed is small. After the offshore wind power single-pile foundation is driven into a seabed, the seawater flows and is blocked by the pile foundation to generate streaming, the scouring force of a horseshoe vortex generated by streaming in the vertical direction is greatly enhanced, so that a strong scouring force is formed on the seabed around the root of a pile foundation, silt is taken away, a scouring pit is gradually formed, after the scouring pit is formed to a certain depth, a mud surface around the scouring pit collapses into the pit, the range of the scouring pit is expanded, the collapsed silt is taken away by scouring seawater, the depth of the scouring pit cannot be weakened accordingly, after the diameter of the scouring pit is expanded, the impact force of the seawater on the root of the pile foundation is enhanced, the depth of the scouring pit is further dug, the circulation is repeated, and the depth and the diameter range of the scouring pit are continuously expanded. Under the condition of lacking effective protection, the maximum depth and the diameter range of the final stable state of the erosion pit are not easy to predict accurately, the monitored maximum erosion pit depth reaches 17m, and the diameter of the erosion pit exceeds 100m, so that the safety of the wind turbine generator is seriously threatened.
The invention discloses an underwater pile foundation scour protection device with scour prevention holes, which is formed by mutually connecting a plurality of scour protection modules, is laid on a seabed at the periphery of an offshore wind power pile foundation, divides the space at the bottom of the offshore wind power pile foundation into vertical scour holes with small sections, after water flows flow flows around a cylindrical pile, horseshoe vortex turbulent flow formed around the pile foundation develops downwards to directly impact the scour protection device, vertical impact components are dissipated in a scour hole structure, the water flow can be effectively divided due to the small section of each scour hole, and the depth of the scour holes can ensure that disturbance action of the scour water flow is dissipated before reaching the bottom, so that the seabed at the bottom of the offshore wind power foundation is protected from scouring influence. The modular design is convenient for construction and daily maintenance. The transition slope arranged at the edge of the scouring protection device can enable the edge of the scouring protection device and sediment of a seabed to form a better joint surface, prevent seawater close to the bottom layer of the seabed from flowing suddenly and suddenly meeting the side surface of the scouring protection device to be blocked to form turbulent flow and undercut, and prevent a scouring pit from being formed and expanded from the edge of the scouring protection device.
Furthermore, the length of the scouring protection device along the tidal current direction is 5 times larger than the diameter of the offshore wind power pile, and the length of the scouring protection device along the direction perpendicular to the tidal current direction is 3 times larger than the diameter of the offshore wind power pile, so that an enough protection area is ensured.
Furthermore, the thickness of the scouring protection device is more than or equal to 0.6m so as to ensure that the scouring hole reaches a certain depth and the disturbance of the surface layer cannot be transmitted to the bottom of the scouring hole; what is the horizontal length of the slope at the edge of the scour protection is greater than or equal to 2m and the lowest point thickness is less than or equal to 0.05m, forming a smaller transition slope? The horizontal flow of the bottom layer seawater is prevented from generating large sudden change due to the abrupt blockage of the side surface of the scouring protection device, and the erosion to the seabed sediment at the edge of the scouring protection device is weakened.
Furthermore, the shape of the scouring protection module is a cuboid with the length and the width of 0.8-2.5 m, and the scouring protection module is convenient to manufacture and install.
Furthermore, the scouring protection module adopts a steel wire mesh cement structure, so that the manufacturing cost is low, and the strength and the corrosion resistance can meet the use requirements.
Furthermore, the scouring protection modules on the periphery of the offshore wind power pile are naturally attached to the contact surface of the offshore wind power pile, special connection is not needed, and construction is convenient.
Further, the maximum gap between the scouring protection module and the contact surface of the offshore wind power pile is smaller than 0.3m, and if the gap is too large, the dissipation effect of the gap cavity on the turbulent flow is weakened, so that the turbulent flow around the pile is propagated and disturbed downwards through the gap, and sediment at the bottom of the pile is eroded.
Furthermore, the depth of the scouring holes is larger than 0.6m, so that the horseshoe vortexes can be dissipated in the scouring holes, and the seabed cannot be influenced.
Furthermore, the cross section of the scouring hole is rectangular, so that the production and the manufacture of the scouring protection module are facilitated.
Furthermore, the side length of the scouring holes is less than or equal to 0.05m, so that the erosion of water flow to seabed sediment at the edge of the scouring protection device is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the flush protection module of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-water flow, 2-offshore wind power piles, 3-seabed, 4-scouring protection module, 5-scouring holes, 6-steel wires and 7-cement plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are included to illustrate and not to limit the invention:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the underwater pile foundation scour protection device with the scour prevention holes comprises a plurality of scour protection modules 4 which are arranged in an array, wherein the scour protection modules 4 are connected with each other and are laid on a seabed 3 around an offshore wind power pile 2, and a slope which is transited to the seabed 3 is arranged at the edge of the scour protection device; a plurality of scouring holes 5 are uniformly distributed on the scouring protection module 4.
The total length of the scouring protection device along the tidal current direction is 10 times larger than the diameter of the offshore wind power pile 2, namely, the distance of the length of the scouring protection device which is laid outwards from the offshore wind power pile 2 is 5 times larger than the diameter of the offshore wind power pile 2; the total length along the vertical tide direction is more than 6 times of the diameter of the offshore wind power pile 2; namely, the distance of the length of the offshore wind power pile 2 which is 3 times larger than the diameter of the offshore wind power pile 2 is paved outwards. The thickness of the scouring protection device is more than or equal to 0.6m, the horizontal length of a slope at the edge of the scouring protection device is more than or equal to 2m, and the thickness of the lowest point is less than or equal to 0.05 m.
As shown in FIG. 3, the scouring protection module 4 is a cuboid, and the length and the width of the scouring protection module are both 0.8-2.5 m. The scouring protection module 4 adopts a steel wire mesh cement structure, namely a structure formed by combining a steel wire 6 and a reinforced bar as reinforcing materials and a cement plate 7 as a base material.
The scouring protection module 4 on the periphery of the offshore wind power pile 2 is naturally attached to the contact surface of the offshore wind power pile 2 without fixation, and the maximum gap between the scouring protection module 4 and the contact surface of the offshore wind power pile 2 is less than 0.3 m.
In one embodiment of the invention, the depth of the flushing hole 5 on the flushing protection module 4 is more than 0.6m, the section of the flushing hole 5 is rectangular, and the side length of the flushing hole 5 is less than or equal to 0.05 m.
When the offshore environment is in the calm stage, the flow rate of the seawater is almost static, and the seawater has no scouring effect on the seabed 3. When tide rises, seawater flows from right to left, when water flow flows through the offshore wind power pile 2, the offshore wind power pile 2 blocks the seawater, the flow speed of the seawater flowing around the offshore wind power pile 2 is accelerated, a horseshoe vortex is formed in a flow area behind the offshore wind power pile 2, a flow component generated by the horseshoe vortex downwards rushes towards a scouring hole 5 in a scouring protection module 4, impact force generated by the horseshoe vortex downwards is divided and consumed in the scouring hole 5, and energy of the horseshoe vortex is dissipated. Because the section of the scouring hole is smaller, and the depth of the scouring hole 5 reaches 0.6m, the disturbance depth of the horseshoe vortex in the scouring hole 5 does not reach the bottom, and the seawater close to the seabed 3 in the scouring hole 5 keeps a non-disturbance state, so that the seabed 3 silt cannot be eroded, and the effects of preventing the seabed 3 around the pile foundation from being scoured and protecting the pile foundation are achieved.
The diameter of a pile of an offshore wind power single pile foundation of an offshore wind power plant is 6m, the pile is vertically inserted into a seabed 3, and a scouring protection module 4 is flatly laid on the seabed 3 around the pile. The tide direction flows from left to right, and the anti-scouring module 4 is laid in the following range: in the tidal current direction, the distance of 7 times of the diameter of the offshore wind power pile 2 is paved from the offshore wind power pile 2 to the outside; in the direction perpendicular to the tidal current direction, the distance of 3 times of the diameter of the offshore wind power pile 2 is paved from the offshore wind power pile 2 to the outside. The edge of the laying range of the scouring protection device adopts a slope transition structure, the thickness of the edge of the laying range is 0.05m, and the width of the slope transition section is 2 m. The contact surface of the anti-scouring module 4 and the offshore wind power pile 2 is naturally attached without fixation, and the maximum gap is smaller than 0.3 m. Each scouring protection module 4 is 1.5m in side length and 0.6m in thickness, the material is a cement board material clamping steel wires, scouring holes 5 which are uniformly distributed in a rectangular shape are formed in the scouring protection modules 4, and the side length of the cross section of each scouring hole 5 is 0.05 m.
After the device is used, the seabed 3 near the offshore wind power pile 2 is covered by the scouring protection module 4, horseshoe vortex turbulent flow generated by the disturbance effect of the offshore wind power pile 2 on ocean current is separated by the scouring protection module 4, and the scouring hole 5 structure of the scouring protection module 4 dissipates horseshoe vortex turbulent flow energy, so that the influence distance of the horseshoe vortex is reduced, the scouring protection effect on the seabed is achieved from the two aspects of separation and dissipation, and scouring received by the seabed 3 near the offshore wind power pile 2 is obviously weakened.
It should be noted that the above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and equivalent changes made to the system described in the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may substitute similar alternatives for the specific embodiments described, all without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with the scour prevention holes is characterized by comprising a plurality of scour protection modules (4) which are arranged in an array mode, wherein the scour protection modules (4) are connected with one another and are laid on a seabed (3) around an offshore wind power pile (2), and slopes which are transited to the seabed (3) are arranged at the edges of the scour protection devices; a plurality of scouring holes (5) are uniformly distributed on the scouring protection module (4).
2. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with scour protection holes of claim 1, wherein the total length of the scour protection device in the tidal direction is greater than 10 times the diameter of the offshore wind power pile (2), and the total length in the vertical tidal direction is greater than 6 times the diameter of the offshore wind power pile (2).
3. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with the scour prevention hole, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the scour protection device is 0.6m or more, the horizontal length of the slope at the edge of the scour protection device is 2m or more, and the thickness of the lowest point is 0.05m or less.
4. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with the scour prevention hole is characterized in that the scour protection module (4) is a cuboid, and the length and the width of the scour protection module are 0.5-2.5 m.
5. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with scour prevention holes of claim 1, wherein the scour protection modules (4) are of a steel mesh cement structure.
6. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with scour protection holes of claim 1, wherein the scour protection modules (4) on the periphery of the offshore wind power pile (2) are naturally attached to the contact surface of the offshore wind power pile (2).
7. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with scour protection holes of claim 1, wherein the maximum clearance of the scour protection module (4) and the contact surface of the offshore wind power pile (2) is less than 0.3 m.
8. Underwater pile foundation scour protection according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the scour holes (5) is greater than 0.6 m.
9. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with scour protection holes of claim 1, wherein the scour holes (5) are rectangular in cross section.
10. The underwater pile foundation scour protection device with scour protection holes of claim 9, wherein the side length of the scour holes (5) is less than or equal to 0.05 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011334539.2A CN112343092A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scouring prevention hole |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011334539.2A CN112343092A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scouring prevention hole |
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| CN112343092A true CN112343092A (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011334539.2A Pending CN112343092A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scouring prevention hole |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114182764A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-15 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Foundation anti-scouring device and construction method |
| CN114541485A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-05-27 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Anti-scouring protection module and wind power foundation anti-scouring structure |
| WO2022110933A1 (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-06-02 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scour-prevention holes |
| CN114991221A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-09-02 | 华能灌云清洁能源发电有限责任公司 | Novel stone throwing shaft collar protective structure's offshore wind power pile foundation |
-
2020
- 2020-11-24 CN CN202011334539.2A patent/CN112343092A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022110933A1 (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-06-02 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Underwater pile foundation scouring protection device with scour-prevention holes |
| CN114182764A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-15 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Foundation anti-scouring device and construction method |
| CN114541485A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-05-27 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Anti-scouring protection module and wind power foundation anti-scouring structure |
| CN114991221A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-09-02 | 华能灌云清洁能源发电有限责任公司 | Novel stone throwing shaft collar protective structure's offshore wind power pile foundation |
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