JP2013228110A - Low-temperature liquefied gas vaporization device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-temperature liquefied gas vaporization device capable of effectively suppressing the propagation of pulsations generated in each vaporizing tube due to the vaporization of low-temperature liquefied gas without causing an increase in thermal stress.SOLUTION: A low-temperature liquefied gas vaporization device 10 includes a plurality of vaporizing tube blocks 11, distributing tubes 12 connected to each vaporizing tube block 11 and for distributing the liquefied gas to each vaporizing tube block 11, collection tubes 14 connected to each vaporizing tube block 11 and for collecting the liquefied gas vaporized in each vaporizing tube block 11 to send it, and an inbetween-sending-side-block throttle 15 that suppresses the propagation of the pressure pulsations between the vaporizing tube blocks 11 connected with each other by the distributing tubes 12 and the collection tube 14. The inbetween-sending-side-block throttle 15 is provided on the collection tube 14 and works as an inbetween-block throttle locally reducing the cross-sectional area of a low-temperature liquefied gas channel to be formed inside the collection tube 14.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vaporizer for vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or liquid nitrogen (LN2) by heat exchange with a heat medium such as seawater.

  DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART Conventionally, what is described in patent document 1 is known as a vaporizer (ORV) for vaporizing by heat-exchanging liquefied natural gas (LNG) with seawater.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the vaporizer includes a plurality of vaporization pipe blocks 102, distribution pipes 104 that distribute low-temperature liquefied gas to the vaporization pipe blocks 102, and liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporization pipe blocks 102. A collecting pipe 106 to be collected. Here, the distribution pipe 104 is a part that communicates the vaporization pipe blocks 102 in the pipe that supplies the LNG sent from the supply pump to each vaporization pipe block 102. In the vaporization apparatus 100 in FIG. 10 is a portion 104 that branches off from each other and reaches each vaporizing tube block 102. In the vaporizing apparatus 100 in FIG. 10, a connecting tube 104c connected from the main tube to each vaporizing tube block 102 and these connecting tubes 104c are connected to each other. It is comprised by the site | part (a part of main pipe) 104b which communicates. Further, the collecting pipe 106 is a part that communicates the vaporizing pipe blocks 102 in the piping for sending the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in each vaporizing pipe block 102 to a consumption place or the like. In the vaporizer 100 in FIG. This is a portion 106 that is collected from the vaporization tube block 102 and reaches the main tube. In the vaporizer 100 in FIG. 10, the connection tube 106c connected to each main tube from each vaporization tube block 102 and the connection tubes 106c communicate with each other. And a main pipe portion (a part of the main pipe) 106b.

  Returning to FIG. 9, each vaporization tube block 102 includes a plurality of vaporization tube panels 108, a supply side manifold 110 that distributes the low-temperature liquefied gas from the distribution pipe 104 to each vaporization tube panel 108, and each vaporization tube panel 108. Each has a delivery-side manifold 112 that collects the vaporized liquefied gas and delivers it to the collecting pipe 106. The plurality of vaporization tube panels 108 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the panel surface in a posture parallel to each other. Each supply side manifold 110 is connected to the distribution pipe 104, and each delivery side manifold 112 is connected to the collecting pipe 106.

  The vaporization tube panel 108 includes a plurality of vaporization tubes (heat transfer tubes) 114 disposed on a specific vertical surface in parallel postures, and a supply side that distributes the low-temperature liquefied gas from the supply-side manifold 110 to the vaporization tubes 114. It has a header 116 and a delivery side header 118 that collects the liquefied gas vaporized in each vaporization tube 114 and sends it to the delivery side manifold 112. The supply side header 116 is connected to the lower end portion of each vaporization pipe 114 included in the common vaporization pipe panel 108 and the supply side manifold 110. The delivery side header 118 is connected to the upper end of each vaporization pipe 114 included in the common vaporization pipe panel 108 and the delivery side manifold 112.

  In such a vaporizer 100, the low-temperature liquefied gas is vaporized by heat exchange between the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing in the vaporization tube 114 and the seawater flowing down the surface of each vaporization tube panel 108. Specifically, the low-temperature liquefied gas supplied to the distribution pipe 104 is distributed to each vaporization pipe block 102 by the distribution pipe 104, and the vaporization pipe 114 is supplied from the lower end portion of each vaporization pipe 114 through the supply-side manifold 110 and the supply-side header 116. Supplied in. The low-temperature liquefied gas flows in the vaporization pipe 114 from the lower end toward the upper end, and is vaporized by heat exchange with seawater flowing along the outer peripheral surface of the vaporization pipe 114 along the tube wall. The liquefied gas vaporized in each vaporizing pipe 114 is collected in the collecting pipe 106 via the sending-side header 118 and the sending-side manifold 112 and then consumed through a piping system (not shown) connected to the collecting pipe 106. Is sent out.

JP-A-5-164482

  In the vaporizer 100, vibrations occur in the vaporizer 100 and the piping system connected to the apparatus 100 depending on the operating conditions such as the pressure in each vaporizer tube 114 and the flow rate and temperature of the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing in the vaporizer tube 114. May occur. This vibration generates high stress, accumulates metal fatigue or the like in each part constituting the vaporizer 100, and may cause damage or failure.

  In order to suppress this vibration, it is effective to increase the overall rigidity by increasing the bonding strength between the members in the vaporization tube block 102 and each vaporization tube panel 108. In this case, however, the thermal stress increases. There is a bug to do. Specifically, in the apparatus 100, during operation, that is, when a low-temperature (minus hundreds of degrees) liquefied gas is flowing in each pipe, and when the apparatus is stopped, that is, the gas is not flowing, the entire apparatus is There is a significant temperature difference from when it is at room temperature, and the expansion and contraction of each member due to this is severe, so if each component is firmly fixed, excessive thermal stress occurs due to the expansion and contraction, conversely damage or failure There is a risk of prompting.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer capable of effectively suppressing the propagation of vibration generated in each vaporization tube due to the vaporization of the low-temperature liquefied gas without increasing the thermal stress. The task is to do.

  As a result of intensive studies on the mechanism of vibration generation in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that a thermofluid instability phenomenon occurs in the process of vaporizing liquefied gas in each vaporization tube of the vaporizer depending on operating conditions. As a result, it has been found that vibrations of the device and the like may occur. That is, when a thermohydrodynamic instability phenomenon occurs in the process of vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas, a pressure pulsation is generated thereby, and this pressure pulsation is amplified by propagating through the fluid, and this is amplified. It can be inferred that large vibrations may occur in the entire vaporizer or the like due to the excitation force to the system.

The present invention has been made based on such knowledge, and is an apparatus for vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas, wherein the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing inside is vaporized by heat exchange with the outside. A plurality of vaporization tube panels in which tubes are arranged on a specific vertical plane are connected to a plurality of vaporization tube blocks arranged in a direction orthogonal to the vertical plane, and to each vaporization tube block, and the low-temperature liquefied gas is vaporized into each vaporization tube. An inter-block distribution pipe that distributes to the pipe block, an inter-block collecting pipe that is connected to each of the vaporization pipe blocks and collects and sends out the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporization pipe block, the inter-block distribution pipe, and the block comprising a block between pulsation suppression means for suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsation of the vaporizing tube block each other are connected to each other by a while collecting pipe, wherein the interblock pulsation suppression means , Provides that a diaphragm between locally small block of the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the low-temperature liquefied gas formed in the tube provided in the collecting pipe between the blocks. In the present invention, the inter-block distribution pipe is a part that communicates the vaporization pipe blocks in the pipe supplied with the low-temperature liquefied gas from the supply source. For example, the low-temperature liquefied gas branches from the main pipe and each vaporization pipe block Is a part from the position branched from the main pipe to each vaporization pipe block, and when the low-temperature liquefied gas is directly supplied from the main pipe to each vaporization pipe block, it branches from the main pipe. The connection pipe connected to each vaporization pipe block, and a portion of the main pipe communicating the connection pipes. In addition, the inter-block collecting pipe is a part that communicates the vaporizing pipe blocks in the pipe for sending the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in each vaporizing pipe block to a consumption place or the like, for example, vaporized from each vaporizing pipe block When the low-temperature liquefied gas is collected and sent to the main pipe, it is a part from the position branched from the main pipe to reach each vaporization pipe block, and the low-temperature liquefied gas is sent directly from each vaporization pipe block to the main pipe. In some cases, the connection pipe is connected to the main pipe from each vaporization pipe block, and the main pipe is connected to the connection pipes.

  In the present invention, the amplitude of the pressure pulsation generated in the vaporization tube block unit having a great influence on the vibration of the vaporizer or the like increases by effectively suppressing the propagation of the pressure pulsation between the vaporization tube blocks by the interblock pulsation suppression means. Therefore, vibration generated due to vaporization of the low-temperature liquefied gas can be effectively suppressed. Specifically, when the pressure pulsations between the vaporizing tube blocks are propagated to each other, the pressure pulsations interact with each other (causing fluid coupled vibrations) to increase the amplitude, and the pressure at which the amplitude is increased. Vibrations with pulsation as an exciting force are generated in the vaporizer. Therefore, the entire vaporization apparatus using the pressure pulsation with an increased amplitude as an excitation force by effectively suppressing the propagation of the pressure pulsation between the vaporization tube blocks and suppressing the increase in the amplitude due to the interaction between the pressure pulsations. Can be suppressed. Moreover, since the vibration caused by the flow of the low-temperature liquefied gas through the pipe is suppressed by providing the inter-block pulsation suppressing means, the rigidity of the entire apparatus is increased to suppress the vibration as in the case of the apparatus. There is no increase in thermal stress.

  In the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to the present invention, each low-temperature liquefied gas from the inter-block distribution pipe is connected to each vaporization pipe panel and the inter-block distribution pipe included in a common vaporization pipe block. An inter-panel distribution pipe that distributes to the vaporization pipe panel, each vaporization pipe panel included in the common vaporization pipe block, and the inter-block collecting pipe, and collects the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporization pipe panel. An inter-panel collecting pipe that is sent to the inter-block collecting pipe, and an inter-panel pulsation suppressing unit that suppresses propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization pipe panels connected to each other by the inter-panel distribution pipe and the inter-panel collecting pipe. Are preferably provided.

  According to such a configuration, by effectively suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization tube panels by the inter-panel pulsation suppression means, the pressure pulsation generated in each vaporization tube panel interacts to increase its amplitude. Can be suppressed. As a result, the pressure pulsation whose amplitude is increased in the vaporization tube panel is prevented from propagating and the amplitude of the pressure pulsation in the vaporization tube block unit is suppressed, and the vaporization tube block unit having a large influence on the vibration of the vaporization device or the like is suppressed. By suppressing the increase in the amplitude of the pressure pulsation generated in the block by the inter-block pulsation suppressing means, it is possible to more effectively suppress the vibration caused by the low temperature liquefied gas flowing in the pipe.

  Specifically, as the inter-panel pulsation suppressing means, the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the low-temperature liquefied gas provided in at least one of the inter-panel distribution pipe and the inter-panel collecting pipe is formed in the pipe. It is preferable to use a diaphragm between panels that is locally reduced.

  This inter-panel throttle reduces pressure pulsation passing through the throttle due to a damping effect based on the pressure loss of the low-temperature liquefied gas when passing through the throttle. Therefore, by providing this inter-panel throttle in the inter-panel distribution pipe and the inter-panel collecting pipe, the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization pipe panels via the inter-panel distribution pipe and the inter-panel collecting pipe can be effectively suppressed. Can do.

An inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe connected to each vaporization pipe included in a common vaporization pipe panel and the inter-panel distribution pipe and distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas from the inter-panel distribution pipe to the respective vaporization pipes, and the common Each of the vaporization tubes included in the vaporization tube panel and the collection tube between the panels, the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporization tube is collected and sent to the collection tube between the vaporization tubes, It is preferable to include an inter-vaporization tube pulsation suppression unit that suppresses propagation of pressure pulsations between the vaporization tubes connected to each other by the inter-vaporization tube distribution pipe and the inter-vaporization tube collecting pipe.

  According to such a configuration, the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization tubes is effectively inhibited by the vaporization tube pulsation suppression means, thereby suppressing the pressure pulsation generated in each vaporization tube from interacting and increasing its amplitude. can do. As a result, the pressure pulsation whose amplitude is increased in the vaporizing tube is prevented from propagating and the amplitude of the pressure pulsation of the vaporizing tube panel unit or the vaporizing tube block unit is suppressed, and the pressure pulsation amplitude of the vaporizing tube panel unit is suppressed. The vibration caused by the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing in the pipe is further effectively suppressed by suppressing the increase and the amplitude of the pressure pulsation of the vaporization pipe block unit by the inter-panel pulsation suppression means and the inter-block pulsation suppression means, respectively. Can be deterred.

  Specifically, as the pulsation suppressing means between the vaporization tubes, the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the low-temperature liquefied gas provided in at least one of the distribution pipe between the vaporization tubes and the collecting tube between the vaporization tubes is formed in the tube. It is preferable to use an inter-vaporization restrictor that locally reduces the value.

  This inter-vaporization tube restriction reduces pressure pulsation passing through the restriction due to a damping effect based on the pressure loss of the low-temperature liquefied gas when passing through the restriction. For this reason, the provision of this inter-vaporization constriction in the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe and the collection pipe between the vaporization pipes makes it possible to effectively propagate the pressure pulsation between the vaporization pipes via the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes and the collection pipe between the vaporization pipes. Can be deterred.

  Further, connected to each vaporization pipe included in the common vaporization pipe panel, and connected to each vaporization pipe included in the common vaporization pipe panel, and between the vaporization pipe distribution pipes for distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas to the respective vaporization pipes Is connected to the collection pipe between the vaporization pipes that collects and sends out the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporization pipe, and is connected to each pipe between the vaporization pipes included in the common vaporization pipe block and the pipe between the block, Connected to the inter-panel distribution pipe that distributes the low-temperature liquefied gas from the inter-block distribution pipe to the respective vaporization pipe distribution pipes, to the respective vaporization pipe collection pipes included in the common vaporization pipe block, and to the inter-block collection pipes Are connected to each other by the inter-panel collecting pipe for sending the vaporized low-temperature liquefied gas collected from the collecting pipes between the respective vaporizing pipes to the collecting pipe between the blocks, the dividing pipe between the vaporizing pipes, and the collecting pipe between the vaporizing pipes. Vaporization being A pulsation suppression means between vaporizing tube to suppress the propagation of pressure pulsation of each other may be provided.

  According to such a configuration, the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization tubes is effectively inhibited by the vaporization tube pulsation suppression means, thereby suppressing the pressure pulsation generated in each vaporization tube from interacting and increasing its amplitude. can do. As a result, the pressure pulsation whose amplitude is increased in the vaporizing tube is propagated and the amplitude of the pressure pulsation in the vaporizing tube panel unit or the vaporizing tube block unit is suppressed, and the influence on the vibration of the vaporizing device or the like is large. By suppressing the increase in the amplitude of the pressure pulsation generated in the vaporization pipe block unit by the inter-block pulsation suppressing means, it is possible to more effectively suppress the vibration caused by the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing in the pipe.

  Specifically, as the pulsation suppressing means between the vaporization tubes, the low-temperature liquefied gas flow path provided in at least one of the distribution pipes between the vaporization tubes and the collection pipe between the vaporization tubes is formed in the pipe. It is preferable to use an inter-vaporization restriction that locally reduces the cross-sectional area.

  This inter-vaporization tube restriction reduces pressure pulsation passing through the restriction due to a damping effect based on the pressure loss of the low-temperature liquefied gas when passing through the restriction. For this reason, the provision of this inter-vaporization constriction in the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe and the collection pipe between the vaporization pipes makes it possible to effectively propagate the pressure pulsation between the vaporization pipes via the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes and the collection pipe between the vaporization pipes. Can be deterred.

  Further, the inter-block restriction may be a variable valve capable of changing a flow path cross-sectional area in the inter-block restriction.

  Even with this configuration, the cross-sectional area of the low-temperature liquefied gas flow path formed in the pipe is locally reduced by reducing (squeezing) the cross-sectional area of the variable valve compared to the cross-sectional area of other parts. Can be small. Thereby, propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporizing tube blocks can be effectively suppressed, and an increase in the amplitude can be suppressed. Moreover, since pressure pulsation hardly occurs when the flow rate of the low-temperature liquefied gas is large, the pressure loss in the variable valve can be reduced by making the flow path cross-sectional area in the variable valve larger than that in the throttled state.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the vaporization of the low-temperature liquefied gas that can effectively suppress the propagation of the vibration generated in each vaporization tube due to the vaporization of the low-temperature liquefied gas without increasing the thermal stress. An apparatus can be provided.

It is a schematic diagram (front view) which shows the state of piping of the vaporization apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram (side view) which shows the state of piping of the said vaporization apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the seawater supply part of the said vaporization apparatus, Comprising: FIG. 3 (A) is a side view, FIG.3 (B) is a front view. It is a block diagram of the vaporizer according to the second embodiment. It is a block diagram for explaining a vaporizer according to another embodiment. (A) is a block diagram of the vaporizer according to the third embodiment, and (B) is a block diagram for explaining a vaporizer according to another embodiment. It is a block diagram for explaining a vaporizer according to another embodiment. It is a block diagram of the vaporizer according to the fourth embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the conventional vaporization apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating a distribution pipe and a collection pipe.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to the present embodiment (hereinafter also simply referred to as “vaporizer”) is a so-called open rack that vaporizes the supplied low-temperature liquefied gas by exchanging heat with external seawater. Type vaporizer (ORV). In the present embodiment, liquefied natural gas (LNG) is used as the low temperature liquefied gas.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3A, the vaporizer includes a plurality of (two in this embodiment) vaporizer tube blocks 11 and a distribution pipe that distributes LNG to the vaporizer tube blocks 11. (Inter-block distribution pipe) 12, supply side inter-block restriction 13, collection pipe (collection pipe between blocks) 14 for collecting natural gas (NG) which is LNG vaporized in each vaporization pipe block 11, and delivery side block A squeezing 15 and a seawater supply unit 30 for supplying seawater so as to flow down along the surface of each vaporizing tube panel 16 are provided.

Each vaporizing pipe block 11 includes a plurality of (in this embodiment, five) vaporizing pipe panels 16, a supply side manifold (inter-panel distribution pipe) 17 that distributes LNG from the distribution pipe 12 to each vaporization pipe panel 16, and A supply-side panel restriction 18, a delivery-side manifold (panel-to-panel collection pipe) 19 that collects LNG (that is, NG) vaporized in each vaporization pipe panel 16 and sends it to the collection pipe 14, and a delivery-side panel restriction 20 And respectively. A sprayed coating is applied to the surface of each vaporizing tube block 11 configured in this manner in order to prevent corrosion due to contact with seawater. The number of vaporization tube panels 16 included in one vaporization tube block 11 is not limited to five, and may be another number.

  Each vaporization tube panel 16 vaporizes LNG from a plurality (90 in this embodiment) of vaporization tubes (heat transfer tubes) 21 arranged on a specific vertical surface in parallel postures with each other and LNG from the supply side manifold 17. A supply-side header 22 that distributes to the pipes 21, a supply-side vaporization tube restrictor 23, a delivery-side header 24 that collects LNG vaporized in each vaporization pipe 21 and sends it to the delivery-side manifold 19, and a space between the delivery-side vaporization pipes And a diaphragm 25. The number of vaporization tubes included in one vaporization tube panel 16 is not limited to 90, and may be other numbers.

  Each vaporization pipe | tube 21 is a pipe | tube extended in the up-down direction formed of the metal material with high heat conductivity, such as aluminum or aluminum alloy.

  The supply-side header 22 is a tube that extends in the horizontal direction along the specific vertical plane in which the vaporization tubes 21 are arranged. The supply side header 22 is connected to a lower end portion of each vaporization pipe 21 included in the common vaporization pipe panel 16 and the supply side manifold 17. Each connection portion of the supply side header 22 with the vaporization pipe 21 is provided with a supply side vaporization pipe throttling (a vaporization pipe pulsation suppression means provided on the supply side) 23.

  The supply-side vaporization tube restriction 23 is a portion for suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization tubes 21 on the supply side (that is, the upstream side of the LNG flow in the apparatus 10). In other words, the supply-side vaporization tube restriction 23 is a part for preventing the pressure pulsation from being transmitted by propagating the LNG flowing inside the vaporization tubes 21 communicated with each other through the supply-side header 22. is there. The supply-side vaporization tube restriction 23 locally reduces the cross-sectional area of the LNG flow path formed in the supply-side header 22 and the vaporization pipe 21 (hereinafter also simply referred to as “flow-path cross-sectional area”). Is. Thus, by locally reducing the channel cross-sectional area, the pressure pulsation passing through the throttle 23 is reduced by the damping effect based on the pressure loss of LNG when passing through the throttle 23. An orifice is used as the supply-side vaporization tube throttling 23 of the present embodiment.

  The delivery side header 24 is a pipe extending in parallel with the supply side header 22. The delivery side header 24 is connected to the upper end portion of each vaporization pipe 21 included in the common vaporization pipe panel 16 and the delivery side manifold 19. Each connection portion of the delivery side header 24 with the vaporization tube 21 is provided with a delivery side vaporization tube restriction (a vaporization tube pulsation suppression means provided on the delivery side) 25. The delivery-side vaporization tube restriction 25 is a part for suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization tubes 21 on the delivery side (that is, the downstream side of the NG flow in the apparatus 10). In other words, the delivery-side vaporization tube restriction 25 is a part that suppresses the transmission of NG flowing through the inside of the vaporization tubes 21 that communicate with each other via the delivery-side header 24 and the transmission of pressure pulsations between them. The delivery-side vaporization tube restriction 25 is used to locally reduce the cross-sectional area of the NG formed in the delivery-side header 24 and the vaporization tube 21. Thus, by locally reducing the flow path cross-sectional area, similarly to the supply-side vaporization tube restriction 23, the passage 25 passes through the restriction 25 due to the damping effect based on the pressure loss of NG when passing through the restriction 25. Pressure pulsation is reduced. An orifice is used as the delivery-side vaporizing tube restrictor 25 of the present embodiment.

  Further, the cross-sectional area of the flow path formed inside the delivery-side vaporization tube restriction 25 is larger than that of the supply-side vaporization tube restriction 23. As described above, the flow passage cross-sectional area of the supply-side vaporization tube restrictor 25 is made larger than that of the supply-side vaporization tube restriction 23, so that the flow passage cross-sectional areas of the supply-side and discharge-side restrictors are made equal. In addition, the internal pressure of the vaporizing tube 21 and the like can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress the thermofluid instability phenomenon that occurs due to the high pressure in the vaporizing tube 21 during the LNG vaporization process.

  The plurality of vaporizing tube panels 16 configured in this manner are arranged in a direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) orthogonal to the panel surface (the specific vertical surface on which the vaporizing tubes 21 are arranged) in a mutually parallel posture.

  The supply-side manifold 17 is a pipe extending in a direction intersecting with the supply-side header 22 (in the present embodiment, a direction substantially orthogonal to the sheet: a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 2), and each included in the common vaporization tube block 11. Connected to the supply side header 22 and the distribution pipe 12. A supply side inter-panel restrictor (inter-panel pulsation suppression means provided on the supply side) 18 is provided at each connection portion of the supply side manifold 17 with the supply side header.

  The supply-side panel restriction 18 is a part for suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization tube panels 16 on the supply side. In other words, the supply-side panel restriction 18 is a portion that suppresses the transmission of the pulsation of each other by propagating the LNG flowing inside the vaporization tube panels 16 that communicate with each other through the supply-side manifold 17. The supply-side panel diaphragm 18 locally reduces the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the LNG formed in the supply-side manifold 17 and the supply-side header 22. Thus, by locally reducing the channel cross-sectional area, the pressure pulsation passing through the throttle 18 is reduced by the damping effect based on the pressure loss of the LNG when passing through the throttle 18. An orifice is used as the supply side panel diaphragm 18 of the present embodiment.

  The delivery-side manifold 19 is a pipe extending in a direction intersecting with the delivery-side header 24 (in the present embodiment, a direction substantially perpendicular to the paper: a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 2), and is included in the common vaporization tube block 11. Connected to the sending side header 24 and the collecting pipe 14. Each connection portion of the delivery side manifold 19 with the delivery side header 24 is provided with a delivery side inter-panel restrictor (inter-panel pulsation suppression means provided on the delivery side) 20.

  The delivery-side panel restriction 20 is a part for suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsations between the vaporizing tube panels 16 on the delivery side. That is, the delivery side inter-panel restrictor 20 is a part that suppresses the transmission of NG flowing through the inside through the vaporization tube panels 16 that communicate with each other via the delivery side manifold 19 and the transmission of pressure pulsations therebetween. The delivery-side panel restriction 20 locally reduces the cross-sectional area of the NG formed in the delivery-side manifold 19 and the delivery-side header 24. Thus, by locally reducing the flow path cross-sectional area, the pressure pulsation passing through the restriction 20 due to the damping effect based on the pressure loss of NG when passing through the restriction, similarly to the supply side inter-panel restriction 18. Is reduced. An orifice is used as the delivery-side panel diaphragm 20 of the present embodiment.

  Further, the cross-sectional area of the flow path formed inside the delivery-side panel diaphragm 20 is larger than that of the supply-side panel diaphragm 18. In this way, the flow passage cross-sectional area of the delivery-side panel restriction 20 is made larger than that of the supply-side panel restriction 18, so that the vaporization cross-sectional areas of the restriction on the supply side and the delivery side are equalized. The internal pressure of the tube panel 16 can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress the thermofluid instability phenomenon that occurs due to the high pressure in the vaporizing tube 21 during the LNG vaporization process.

  The distribution pipe 12 is a pipe extending substantially parallel to the supply side manifold 17 and is connected to each supply side manifold 17. Further, the distribution pipe 12 is provided with a supply side connection portion 12a for connecting a pipe P1 for supplying LNG to the vaporizer 10 from the outside. Each connecting portion of the distribution pipe 12 with the supply side manifold 17 is provided with a supply side inter-block restriction (inter-block pulsation suppression means provided on the supply side) 13.

  The distribution pipe 12 is a part that communicates the vaporization pipe blocks 11 in a pipe to which LNG is supplied from a supply source such as a supply pump. In this embodiment, the LNG supplied from the pipe P1 is connected to each supply side manifold. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is not limited to this. A connection pipe branched from the pipe P1 and connected to each supply-side manifold 17 and a part of the pipe P1 that connects the connection pipes to each other. It may be constituted by. In other words, the LNG may be distributed (supplied) directly from the pipe P1 to the supply side manifold 17.

  The supply side inter-block restriction 13 is a part for suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsations between the vaporizing tube blocks 11 on the supply side. That is, the supply side inter-block restrictor 13 is a part that suppresses the transmission of the pressure pulsation by propagating the LNG flowing inside the vaporizing pipe blocks 11 that communicate with each other through the distribution pipe 12. This supply side inter-block restrictor 13 serves to locally reduce the flow path cross-sectional area formed in the distribution pipe 12 and the supply side manifold 17. Thus, by locally reducing the channel cross-sectional area, the pressure pulsation passing through the throttle 13 is reduced by the damping effect based on the pressure loss of LNG when passing through the throttle 13. An orifice is used as the supply side inter-block restrictor 13 of the present embodiment.

  The collecting pipe 14 is a pipe extending substantially in parallel with the delivery side manifold 19 and is connected to each delivery side manifold 19. Further, the collecting pipe 14 is provided with a sending side connection portion 14a for connecting a pipe P2 for sending NG to the outside such as a consumption area. Each connecting portion of the collecting pipe 14 with the delivery-side manifold 19 is provided with a delivery-side inter-block restriction (an inter-block pulsation suppressing means provided on the delivery side) 15.

  In addition, the collecting pipe 14 is a part which connects the vaporizing pipe blocks 11 in the piping which sends out the LNG vaporized in each vaporizing pipe block 11 to a consumption place etc. in this embodiment. Although it is configured by a pipe that collects NG from the delivery side manifold 19 and sends it to the pipe P2, the present invention is not limited to this, and a connection pipe branched from the pipe P2 and connected to each delivery side manifold 19 and this connection You may be comprised by the site | part of the piping P2 which connects pipes. That is, NG may be directly sent from each delivery side manifold 19 to the pipe P2.

  The delivery-side block restriction 15 is a part for suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporizing tube blocks 11 on the delivery side. That is, the delivery side inter-block restrictor 15 is a part that suppresses the transmission of NG flowing through the inside and the transmission of the pressure pulsations between the vaporizing pipe blocks 11 that communicate with each other through the collecting pipe 14. The delivery-side inter-block restriction 15 is used to locally reduce the flow path cross-sectional area formed in the collecting pipe 14 and the delivery-side manifold 19. Thus, by locally reducing the flow path cross-sectional area, the pressure pulsation passing through the throttle 15 due to the damping effect based on the pressure loss of NG when passing through the throttle, similarly to the supply side inter-block throttle 13. Is reduced. An orifice is used as the delivery-side block restriction 15 in the present embodiment.

  Further, the cross-sectional area of the flow path formed inside the delivery-side inter-block restrictor 15 is larger than that of the supply-side inter-block restrictor 13. In this way, by increasing the flow passage cross-sectional area of the delivery-side inter-block restriction 15 rather than the supply-side inter-block restriction 13, vaporization is performed as compared with the case where the flow passage cross-sectional areas of the restriction on the supply side and the delivery side are made equal. The internal pressure of the tube block 11 can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress the thermofluid instability phenomenon that occurs due to the high pressure in the vaporizing tube 21 during the LNG vaporization process.

  The seawater supply unit 30 includes a trough 31 disposed in the vicinity of the upper end of each vaporization tube panel 16, a seawater header 32 that supplies seawater to each trough 31, a seawater manifold 33 that distributes seawater to each seawater header 32, Is provided. The trough 31 supplies seawater to the upper end portion of each vaporization tube panel 16 so that the seawater flows along the surface of the vaporization tube panel 16 (specifically, each vaporization tube 21 constituting the panel 16). The seawater supplied from the trough 31 and flowing down the surface of the vaporization tube panel 16 and the LNG flowing in the vaporization tubes 21 exchange heat through the tube walls of the vaporization tubes 21, whereby LNG is vaporized and NG. It becomes.

  The vaporizer 10 configured as described above vaporizes LNG as follows.

  Seawater is supplied from the trough 31 to the surface of each vaporization tube panel 16, and LNG is supplied to the distribution pipe 12 from a supply pump or the like through the pipe P1 connected to the supply side connection portion 12a. The distribution pipe 12 distributes LNG supplied by a supply pump or the like to each supply side manifold 17 connected to the distribution pipe 12, and each supply side manifold 17 supplies the LNG from the distribution pipe 12 to the supply side manifold 17. Are distributed to each supply-side header 22 connected to. Each supply-side header 22 distributes the supplied LNG to each vaporization tube 21 connected to the supply-side header 22. In each vaporizing tube 21, LNG supplied from the supply-side header 22 flows through the inside from the lower end to the upper end. At this time, the LNG flowing inside the vaporizing tube 21 exchanges heat with seawater flowing down the surface of the vaporizing tube 21 through the tube wall. By this heat exchange, LNG vaporizes and becomes NG.

  Thus, the LNG vaporized in each vaporization tube 21, that is, NG is collected by the delivery side header 24 and delivered to the delivery side manifold 19. The NG sent to the delivery side manifold 19 is sent to the consumption area or the like through the collecting pipe 14 and the pipe P2 connected to the delivery side connection portion 14a.

  In the vaporizer 10 of the present embodiment, LNG may be vaporized in a high pressure state of 70 to 80 bar inside each vaporization tube 21. In such a high pressure state, if the flow rate of LNG flowing through the vaporizer 10 is small, a thermohydrodynamic instability phenomenon occurs in the process of vaporizing the LNG, thereby causing pressure pulsation in each vaporizing tube 21. The pressure pulsation generated in each vaporizing tube 21 propagates through LNG (or NG) while interacting and spreads to the entire vaporizing tube block 11, and becomes a pressure pulsation of the vaporizing tube panel 16 unit or the vaporizing tube block 11 unit.

  In a normal vaporizer, when this pressure pulsation spreads over the entire vaporization tube block, for example, if the pressure pulsation propagates between the vaporization tubes via the supply side header or the delivery side header, the pressure pulsation interacts. There is a possibility that the amplitude increases (ie, fluid coupled vibration occurs). When the amplitude of the pressure pulsation increases in each vaporization tube, the amplitude of the pressure pulsation of the vaporization tube panel unit including these vaporization tubes also increases. Then, when the pressure pulsation is propagated between the vaporization tube panels via the supply side manifold and the delivery side manifold with the amplitude increased, the pressure pulsation interacts to increase the amplitude. When the pressure pulsation amplitude increases in each vaporization tube panel, the pressure pulsation amplitude of the vaporization tube block unit composed of these vaporization tube panels also increases. And in the state which this amplitude increased, a pressure pulsation is propagated and interacts between vaporization pipe blocks via a distribution pipe or a collection pipe. As a result, vibration is generated in the vaporizer and the piping system connected thereto, with the pressure pulsation having an increased amplitude as an excitation force.

  On the other hand, in the vaporizer 10 according to the present embodiment, the supply-side block restriction 13, the delivery-side block restriction 15, the supply-side panel restriction 18, the delivery-side panel restriction 20, the supply-side vaporization pipe restriction 23, In addition, each throttle of the delivery-side vaporization pipe throttle 25 effectively suppresses vibration caused by LNG (or NG) flowing in the pipe. Specifically, by effectively suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization tube blocks 11 by the supply side block restriction 13 and the delivery side block restriction 15, the vaporization tube block 11 having a great influence on the vibration of the vaporization device 10 or the like. An increase in the amplitude of pressure pulsation generated in units can be suppressed. Further, in this embodiment, the vaporization tube due to the pressure pulsation propagated from the vaporization tube 21 while the supply-side vaporization tube restriction 23 and the delivery-side vaporization tube restriction 25 suppress the increase in the amplitude of the pressure pulsation generated in the vaporization tube 21 unit. While restricting the amplification of pressure pulsation of the panel 16 unit or the vaporization tube block 11 unit, each of the throttles 13, 15, 18, and 20 increases the amplitude due to the interaction between the pressure pulsations of the vaporization tube panel 16 unit and the vaporization tube block 11. The increase in amplitude due to the interaction between unit pressure pulsations is suppressed.

  Specifically, since the throttles 23 and 25 are respectively provided in the flow paths (the supply side header 22 and the delivery side header 24) that connect the vaporizing tubes 21, the damping effect based on the pressure loss before and after the throttles 23 and 25 is achieved. The pressure pulsation passing through the throttles 23 and 25 is reduced, whereby the propagation of the pressure pulsation between the vaporizing tubes 21 is effectively suppressed. Similarly, the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization tube panels 16 is suppressed by the supply-side panel restriction 18 and the supply-side panel restriction 20, and further, the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporization pipe blocks 11 is between the supply-side blocks. It is suppressed by the diaphragm 13 and the diaphragm 15 between the sending side blocks. Thus, each throttle 13, 15, 18, 20, 23, 25 has a) pressure pulsation generated in the vaporization tube 21 unit, b) pressure pulsation generated in the vaporization tube panel 16 unit, and c) vaporization tube block. By suppressing each amplification of the pressure pulsation generated in 11 units, vibration caused by the flow of LNG (or NG) through the pipe can be suppressed extremely effectively.

  Accordingly, the throttling 13, 15, 18, 20, 23, 25 provided in the distribution pipe 12, the collecting pipe 14, the manifolds 17, 19, and the headers 22, 24, respectively, allows LNG or NG to flow in the pipe. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the rigidity of the entire apparatus 10 for suppressing the vibration. Therefore, an increase in thermal stress in the apparatus 10 due to the increase in rigidity is also avoided.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4. The same reference numerals are used for the same components as those in the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Only different components will be described in detail. explain.

  The vaporizer 10A includes a plurality of vaporizer blocks 11 (two vaporizer blocks 11A and 11B in the present embodiment) and a distribution pipe 12A. Unlike the vaporizer 10 according to the first embodiment, the vaporizer 10A includes a supply-side block diaphragm 13, a delivery-side block diaphragm 15, a supply-side panel diaphragm 18, a delivery-side panel diaphragm 20, The supply-side vaporization tube restriction 23 and the delivery-side vaporization tube restriction 25 are not provided.

  The distribution pipe 12A is provided with a variable valve 40 as an inter-block pulsation suppressing means. This variable valve 40 is provided in the flow path of LNG to the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A in the distribution pipe 12A. Specifically, the variable valve 40 is provided between the supply side connection portion 12a in the distribution pipe 12A and the supply side manifold 17 of the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A, and the flow path of the portion where the variable valve 40 is provided is provided. The cross-sectional area can be changed. That is, the variable valve 40 is operated so as to restrict the variable valve 40, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area of the flow path formed between the supply side connection portion 12a and the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A in the distribution pipe 12A. Can be locally reduced.

  In the vaporizer 10A, the variable valve 40 is operated based on the flow rate of LNG supplied from the supply pump or the like to the vaporizer 10A. Specifically, the variable valve 40 is throttled when the flow rate of LNG supplied to the vaporizer 10A is small. Thereby, the cross-sectional area of the flow path in the distribution pipe 12A that connects the vaporization pipe blocks 11 is locally reduced. This is because if the flow rate of LNG supplied in the vaporization tube 21 in a high-pressure state is small, a thermofluid instability phenomenon is likely to occur in the vaporization tube 21. In this way, when the flow rate of LNG supplied to the vaporizer 10B is small, the variable valve 40 is throttled to locally reduce the cross-sectional area of the flow path in the distribution pipe 12A, thereby reducing the pressure pulsation between the vaporization pipe blocks 11. By effectively suppressing the propagation, it is possible to suppress an increase in the amplitude of the pressure pulsation generated in the unit of the vaporizer tube block 11 having a great influence on the vibration of the vaporizer 10A and the like, thereby causing the LNG vaporization. The generated vibration can be effectively suppressed. Moreover, since the variable valve 40 provided in the distribution pipe 12A suppresses vibration caused by the flow of LNG through the pipe, it is not necessary to particularly increase the rigidity of the entire apparatus 10A in order to suppress the vibration. Therefore, an increase in thermal stress in the apparatus due to the increase in rigidity can be avoided.

On the other hand, when the flow rate of LNG supplied to the vaporizer 10A is large, an operation for opening the variable valve 40 and increasing the cross-sectional area of the variable valve 40 is performed. Each pipe vaporizer 10A when LNG flow rate to be supplied to the vaporizer 10A is larger (the vaporizing tube 21 and the header 22, the manifold 17, 1 9, distribution pipes 12A and collector pipe 14, etc.) the pressure pulsation in the occurs hard. At this time, by opening the variable valve 40 as described above, the pressure loss in the distribution pipe 12A is reduced and the flow rate of the LNG supplied to the specific vaporization pipe block 11 is increased, thereby improving the vaporization efficiency of the vaporizer 10A. Can be improved.

  The opening / closing control of the variable valve 40 based on the flow rate of LNG as described above may be performed manually, and is automatically performed by the control device or the like based on the flow rate of LNG supplied to the vaporizer 10A. It may be broken.

  The variable valve 40 is not only provided between the supply-side connecting portion 12a of the distribution pipe 12A and the supply-side manifold 17 of the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A, but also supplied from the supply-side connecting portion 12a and the vaporizing pipe blocks 11A and 11B. Each may be provided between the side manifold 17. The variable valve 40 may be provided in the collecting pipe 14 (see FIG. 1). Also in this case, it may be provided between the delivery-side connecting portion 14a and the delivery-side manifold 19 of the specific vaporizing tube block 11A, or the delivery-side connecting portion 14a and the delivery-side manifold 19 of each of the vaporizing tube blocks 11A and 11B. May be provided between each of them. By restricting the variable valve 40 provided at such a position, the propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporizing tube blocks 11 can be effectively suppressed in at least one of the distribution pipe 12A and the collecting pipe 14.

  Further, the specific configuration of the distribution pipe 12A is not limited. The distribution pipe 12A of the present embodiment is configured by a pipe that distributes the LNG supplied from the pipe (main pipe) P1 to each vaporizing pipe block 11, as shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B). Alternatively, the LNG may be directly supplied from the pipe P <b> 1 to each vaporizing pipe block 11. That is, the distribution pipe 12A may be configured by connection pipes C1 and C2 branched from the pipe P1 and a part of the pipe P1 that connects the connection pipes C1 and C2. In this case, the variable valve 40 may be provided in each of the connection pipes C1 and C2, or may be provided in any one of the connection pipes C1 (or C2). The variable valve 40 may be provided between the upstream connecting pipe C1 and the downstream connecting pipe C2 in the pipe P1 (see FIG. 5B). Similarly to the distribution pipe 12A, the collecting pipe 14 may be constituted by a connection pipe branched from the pipe P2 and connected to each vaporizing pipe block 11, and a portion of the pipe P2 that connects these connection pipes. Good. Also in this case, the variable valve 40 may be provided in each connection pipe, or may be provided in any one of the connection pipes. The variable valve 40 may be provided between the upstream connecting pipe and the downstream connecting pipe in the pipe P2.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6A, but the same reference numerals are used for the same configurations as in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and a detailed description thereof is omitted. Only the different configurations will be described in detail.

  The vaporizer 10B according to the present embodiment includes a distribution pipe 12B. The distribution pipe 12B is provided with an open / close valve (open / close member) 41 and a bypass flow path pipe 42 as means for suppressing pulsation between blocks.

  The on-off valve 41 is provided in the flow path of LNG to the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A in the distribution pipe 12B. Specifically, the on-off valve 41 is provided between the supply-side connecting portion 12a in the distribution pipe 12B and the supply-side manifold 17 of the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A, and the flow path of the portion where the on-off valve 41 is provided. Open and close.

  The bypass channel pipe 42 branches from the distribution pipe 12B upstream of the on-off valve 41, and forms a channel through which the LNG flows into the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A by bypassing the on-off valve 41. The bypass channel pipe 42 of this embodiment branches from the distribution pipe 12B upstream of the on-off valve 41, bypasses the on-off valve 41, and is connected to the distribution pipe 12B downstream of the on-off valve 41. The bypass flow path pipe 42 may be branched from the distribution pipe 12B upstream of the on-off valve 41 and directly connected to the vaporizing pipe block 11A (specifically, the supply-side manifold 17) on the downstream side of the on-off valve 41. .

  The bypass channel pipe 42 is provided with a throttle (a bypass channel throttle) 43. The restrictor 43 locally reduces the cross-sectional area of the flow path formed in the bypass flow path pipe 42. In this embodiment, an orifice is used.

  In the vaporizer 10B, the open / close valve 41 is opened / closed based on the flow rate of LNG supplied from the supply pump or the like to the vaporizer 10B. Specifically, when the flow rate of the LNG supplied to the vaporizer 10B is small, the on-off valve 41 is closed, and the supply of LNG to the specific vaporizer block 11A from only the bypass channel pipe 42 is allowed. As a result, the specific vaporizing tube block 11A and the other vaporizing tube block 11B communicate with each other only through the detour channel tube 42 in which the channel cross-sectional area formed therein is locally reduced by the restriction 43. Become. If the flow rate of LNG supplied in the vaporization tube 21 in the high-pressure state is small, a thermal fluid instability phenomenon is likely to occur in the vaporization tube 21. At this time, the on-off valve 41 is closed and a specific vaporization tube is closed. Propagation of pressure pulsation between the vaporizing tube blocks 11 is effectively suppressed by bringing the block 11A and the other vaporizing tube block 11B into communication with each other through the bypass channel pipe 42 having the throttle 43. An increase in the amplitude of the pressure pulsation generated in the vaporization tube block 11 unit having a great influence on vibration can be suppressed. As a result, in the vaporizer 10B, vibrations generated due to the vaporization of LNG can be effectively suppressed. In addition, since the vibration caused by the flow of LNG through the pipe is suppressed by the on-off valve 41 and the bypass flow path pipe 42, it is not necessary to increase the rigidity of the entire apparatus 10B for suppressing the vibration, and this is caused by this. There is no increase in thermal stress in the apparatus 10B.

On the other hand, when a large flow rate of the LNG supplied to vaporizer 10B is, each pipe vaporizer 10B (vaporizing tube 21 and the header 22, the manifold 17, 1 9, distribution pipes 12B and collector pipe 14, etc.) the pressure in the Since the pulsation hardly occurs, the on-off valve 41 is opened. Thereby, the pressure loss in the distribution pipe 12B is reduced, the flow rate of LNG supplied to the specific vaporization pipe block 11A is increased, and the vaporization efficiency of the vaporizer 10B is improved.

  The opening / closing control of the opening / closing valve 41 based on the LNG flow rate as described above may be performed manually, or may be automatically performed based on the supplied LNG flow rate by a control device or the like. .

  The specific configuration of the distribution pipe 12B is not limited. The distribution pipe 12B of the present embodiment is configured by a pipe that distributes the LNG supplied from the pipe P1 to each vaporization pipe block 11, but as shown in FIG. 6B, a connection pipe branched from the pipe P1 You may be comprised by C1, C2 and the site | part of the piping P1 which connects these connection pipes C1 and C2. In this case, for example, the bypass channel pipe 42 is disposed so as to connect the upstream side connection pipe C1 and the downstream side connection pipe C2 to each other, and the on-off valve 41 is connected to the downstream side connection pipe C2. It is provided on the upstream side of the connecting portion between C2 and the bypass flow path pipe.

  Further, the open / close valve 41 and the bypass flow path pipe 42 are respectively provided between the supply side connection portion 12a of the distribution pipe 12B and the vaporization pipe blocks 11A and 11B, as in the vaporization apparatus 10C shown in FIG. It may be provided. Further, when the distribution pipe 12B is constituted by the pipe P1 and the connection pipes C1 and C2 branched from the pipe, as shown in FIG. 7B, the on-off valve 41 includes the connection pipes C1 and C2. The bypass flow path pipes 42 may be provided between the pipes P1 and the vaporization pipe blocks 11, respectively.

  Moreover, the on-off valve 41 and the bypass flow path pipe 42 may be provided in the collecting pipe 14 (see FIG. 1). Also in this case, it may be provided between the delivery side connection portion 14a and the specific vaporization tube block 11A, or may be provided between the delivery side connection portion 14a and each of the vaporization tube blocks 11A and 11B. . When the collecting pipe 14 is constituted by a connecting pipe branched from the pipe P2 and connected to each vaporizing pipe block 11, and a part of the pipe P2 communicating these connecting pipes, the on-off valve 41 is Each bypass pipe 42 may be provided between each pipe, and the bypass flow pipe 42 may be provided between each pipe P2 and each vaporization pipe block 11.

  Even if the on-off valve 41 and the bypass passage pipe 42 are provided at such positions, the vaporizing pipe block 11 is provided in at least one of the distribution pipe 12B (or 12C) and the collecting pipe 14 by closing the on-off valve 41 at each position. Propagation of pressure pulsations between each other can be effectively suppressed.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 8, but the same reference numerals are used for the same configurations as those in the first to third embodiments, and detailed descriptions are omitted. Only the configuration will be described in detail.

  The vaporizer 10D according to the present embodiment includes a distribution pipe 12D and a connecting pipe 44. An open / close valve (open / close member) 45 is provided in the distribution pipe 12D. This on-off valve 45, together with the connecting pipe 44, constitutes an inter-block pulsation suppressing means in the vaporizer 10D.

Off valve 45 is provided in LNG flow path to a particular vaporizing tube blocks 11A in the distributor pipe 12 D. Specifically, the on-off valve 45 is provided between the supply-side connecting portion 12a in the distribution pipe 12D and the supply-side manifold 17 of the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A, and the flow path of the portion where the on-off valve 41 is provided. Open and close.

  The connecting pipe 44 connects the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A and the other vaporizing pipe block 11B. Specifically, the connecting pipe 44 connects the supply side manifold 17 of the specific vaporization pipe block 11A and the supply side manifold 17 of the other vaporization pipe block 11B, thereby connecting the supply side portions of both the blocks 11A and 11B to each other. Communicate with each other. When the on-off valve 45 is closed, the specific vaporizing tube block 11A and the other vaporizing tube block 11B are in communication with each other only through the connecting tube 44.

  The connecting pipe 44 is provided with a throttle (connecting pipe throttle) 46. The restrictor 46 locally reduces the cross-sectional area of the flow path formed in the connecting pipe 44. In this embodiment, an orifice is used.

  In the vaporizer 10D, the open / close valve 45 is opened and closed based on the flow rate of LNG supplied from the supply pump or the like to the vaporizer 10D. Specifically, the on-off valve 45 is closed when the flow rate of LNG supplied to the vaporizer 10D is small. Then, the supply of LNG from the distribution pipe 12D to the specific vaporization pipe block 11A is stopped, and the LNG is supplied exclusively from the distribution pipe 12D only to the vaporization pipe block 11B. The LNG supplied to the supply side manifold 17 of the vaporization pipe block 11B is distributed to each vaporization pipe panel 16 (specifically, each supply side header 22) included in the other vaporization pipe block 11B and is formed inside. The cross-sectional area of the flow path is supplied to the specific vaporizing pipe block 11 </ b> A only through the connecting pipe 44 that is locally reduced by the throttle 46.

  If the flow rate of the LNG supplied in the high-pressure state vaporization pipe 21 is small, a thermo-fluid instability phenomenon tends to occur in the vaporization pipe 21. At this time, the on-off valve 45 is closed and the distribution pipe 12D is closed. Is connected exclusively to the vaporizing tube block 11B, and LNG is supplied from the vaporizing tube block 11 to the vaporizing tube block 11A only through the connecting tube 44 including the throttle 46, whereby the pressure pulsation between the vaporizing tube blocks 11 is obtained. Can be effectively suppressed by the throttle 46, and as a result, an increase in the amplitude of the pressure pulsation generated in the vaporizer block 11 having a great influence on the vibration of the vaporizer 10D or the like can be suppressed. Thereby, in the said vaporization apparatus 10D, the vibration which generate | occur | produces resulting from the vaporization of LNG can be suppressed effectively. Moreover, since the on / off valve 45 and the pipe (connecting pipe) 44 are provided to suppress vibration caused by LNG flowing in the pipe, the rigidity of the entire apparatus 10D is increased to suppress the vibration. Further, no increase in thermal stress occurs in the apparatus 10D.

  On the other hand, the on-off valve 45 is opened when the flow rate of LNG supplied to the vaporizer 10D is large. At this time, since the pressure pulsation hardly occurs in each pipe of the vaporizer 10D (vaporizer 21, header 22, 24, manifold 17, 29, distribution pipe 12B, collecting pipe 14, etc.), the on-off valve 45 is opened. By allowing direct supply of LNG from the distribution pipe 12D to the vaporizing pipe block 11A, the pressure loss in the vaporizing apparatus 10D is reduced and the flow rate of LNG supplied to the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A is increased to vaporize. The vaporization efficiency of the device 10D can be improved.

  The opening / closing control of the opening / closing valve 45 based on the LNG flow rate as described above may be performed manually, or may be automatically performed based on the supplied LNG flow rate by a control device or the like. .

  The connection pipe 44 may be provided so as to connect the delivery side manifold 19 (see FIG. 1) of another vaporization pipe block 11B and the delivery side manifold 19 of a specific vaporization pipe block 11A. In this case, an opening / closing valve 45 is provided in the collecting pipe 14 between the delivery side connecting portion 14a and the specific vaporizing pipe block 11A (or another vaporizing pipe block 11B).

Also such off valve 45 and the connecting pipe 4 4 arranged at a position, by closing the on-off valve 45, the connecting pipe 44 which connects the connecting tube 44 or delivery-side manifold 19 for connecting the supply side manifold 17 At least one of them can effectively suppress the propagation of pressure pulsations between the vaporizing tube blocks 11.

  Note that the vaporizer of the present invention is not limited to the first to fourth embodiments described above, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment, the throttles 23, 25, 13, 15, 18, 20 are connected to the connection between the vaporizing tube 21 and the header 22 (or 24), and the connection between the header 22 (or 24) and the manifold 17 (or 19). However, the arrangement position of the restrictor is not limited to this, and at least the pressure pulsation between the blocks is not limited to this, and the manifold 17 (or 19) and the distribution pipe 12 (or the collecting pipe 14) are connected to each other. It is only necessary to suppress the increase in the amplitude of the pressure pulsation generated in the unit of the vaporizer tube block 11 having a large influence on the vibration of the vaporizer 10 or the like by suppressing the transmission. Specifically, the vaporizer 10 only needs to be provided with at least the inter-block restriction 13 (or 15).

  The position where the variable valve 40 of the second embodiment is provided is not limited to the distribution pipe 12A or the collecting pipe 14. It may be provided between the manifolds 17 and 19 and the headers 22 and 24, or may be provided between the headers 22 and 24 and the vaporizing tube 21.

10 Low Temperature Liquefied Gas Vaporizer 11 Vaporizer Block 11D Vaporizer 12 Divided Pipe (Interblock Block Pipe)
13 Supply side block restriction (Pulse suppression means between blocks)
14 Collecting pipe (collecting pipe between blocks)
15 Sending side block restriction (block block pulsation suppression means)
16 Vaporization tube panel 17 Supply side manifold (pipe between panels)
18 Supply side panel restriction (Panel pulsation suppression means)
19 Delivery side manifold (collection pipe between panels)
20 Supply side panel restriction (Panel pulsation suppression means)
21 Vaporization pipe 22 Supply side header (piping pipe between vaporization pipes)
23 Supply side vaporization tube throttling (means for suppressing pulsation between vaporization tubes)
24 Sending side header (collection pipe between vaporization pipes)
25 Sending side vaporizing tube throttling (means for suppressing pulsation between vaporizing tubes)

Claims (8)

An apparatus for vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas,
A plurality of vaporization tube panels in which a plurality of vaporization tubes for vaporizing the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing inside by heat exchange with the outside are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the vertical surface. The vaporizer tube block,
An inter-block distribution pipe connected to each vaporizing pipe block and distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas to each vaporizing pipe block;
An inter-block collecting pipe that is connected to each of the vaporizing pipe blocks and collects and sends out the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporizing pipe block;
An inter-block pulsation suppression means for suppressing the propagation of pressure pulsations between vaporization pipe blocks connected to each other by the inter-block distribution pipe and the inter-block collecting pipe ;
The inter-block pulsation suppression means is a low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer that is an inter-block constriction that is provided in the inter-block collecting pipe and locally reduces the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the low-temperature liquefied gas formed in the pipe. . The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 1,
An inter-panel distribution pipe that is connected to each vaporization pipe panel included in a common vaporization pipe block and the inter-block distribution pipe and distributes the low-temperature liquefied gas from the inter-block distribution pipe to the respective vaporization pipe panels;
The inter-panel collecting pipe that is connected to each vaporizing pipe panel included in the common vaporizing pipe block and the collective pipe between the blocks, collects the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporizing pipe panel, and sends it to the collective pipe between the blocks When,
A vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas , comprising: inter-panel pulsation suppression means for suppressing propagation of pressure pulsation between vaporization pipe panels connected to each other by the inter-panel distribution pipe and the inter-panel collecting pipe . The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 2,
The inter-panel pulsation suppressing means is provided in at least one of the inter-panel distribution pipe and the inter-panel collecting pipe to locally reduce a cross-sectional area of the flow path of the low-temperature liquefied gas formed in the pipe. A vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas, which is a diaphragm between panels . The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 2 or 3 ,
An inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe connected to each vaporization pipe included in a common vaporization pipe panel and the inter-panel distribution pipe, and distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas from the inter-panel distribution pipe to the respective vaporization pipes;
An inter-vaporization tube collecting tube that is connected to each vaporizing tube included in the common vaporizing tube panel and the inter-panel collecting tube, collects the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporizing tube, and sends it to the inter-panel collecting tube. ,
A vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas , comprising: vaporization pipe pulsation suppression means for suppressing propagation of pressure pulsation between vaporization pipes connected to each other by the pipe between the vaporization pipes and the collecting pipe between the vaporization pipes . The low temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 4,
The inter-vaporization tube pulsation suppression means is provided in at least one of the inter-vaporization tube distribution pipe and the inter-vaporization tube collecting pipe to locally reduce the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the low-temperature liquefied gas formed in the pipe. A vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas that is a constriction between vaporizing tubes . The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 1 ,
An inter-vapor pipe distribution pipe that is connected to each vapor pipe included in a common vapor pipe panel and distributes the low-temperature liquefied gas to each vapor pipe;
An inter-vaporization tube collecting pipe that is connected to each vaporizing pipe included in the common vaporizing pipe panel, collects and sends out the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporized in the vaporizing pipe, and
An inter-panel distribution pipe that is connected to each inter-vapor pipe distribution pipe and the inter-block distribution pipe included in a common vapor pipe block and distributes the low-temperature liquefied gas from the inter-block distribution pipe to each of the inter-vapor pipe distribution pipes When,
The vaporized low-temperature liquefied gas collected from the collection tubes between the vaporization tubes connected to the collection tubes between the vaporization tubes and the collection tubes between the blocks included in the common vaporization tube block is sent to the collection tubes between the blocks. An inter-panel collecting pipe,
A vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas, comprising: vaporization pipe pulsation suppression means for suppressing propagation of pressure pulsation between vaporization pipes connected to each other by the pipe between the vaporization pipes and the collecting pipe between the vaporization pipes. The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 6 ,
The inter-vaporization pipe pulsation suppression means is provided in at least one of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe and the inter-vaporization pipe collecting pipe, and locally has a cross-sectional area of the flow path of the low-temperature liquefied gas formed in the pipe. A vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas, which is a reduction between vaporization tubes . The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 1 ,
The inter-block restriction is a low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer that is a variable valve capable of changing the cross-sectional area of the flow path in the inter-block restriction .

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