WO2020183765A1

WO2020183765A1 - Vaporization device

Info

Publication number: WO2020183765A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/037863
Authority: WO
Inventors: 慶彦鶴; 祐二澄田; 一也河田; 孝祐東; 諭史近口
Original assignee: 株式会社神戸製鋼所
Priority date: 2019-03-11
Filing date: 2019-09-26
Publication date: 2020-09-17
Also published as: EP3922937A4; ES2964460T3; EP3922937A1; EP3922937B1

Abstract

The present application discloses a vaporization device that vaporizes liquefied gas by the heat exchange of the liquefied gas with a heating liquid that has a higher temperature than the liquefied gas. The vaporization device comprises: a plurality of heat transfer panels; a first trough and a second trough that are configured to supply the heating liquid to the outer surface of a plurality of heat transfer tubes; a manifold through which the heating liquid flows; a first supply tube which connects the manifold and the first trough so as to supply the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough; and a second supply tube which connects the manifold and the second trough so as to supply the heating liquid from the manifold to the second trough, and which has a smaller flow passage cross sectional area than the first trough.

Description

Vaporizer

The present invention relates to a vaporizer used for vaporizing liquefied gas.

Various vaporizers used for vaporizing low-temperature liquefied gas have been developed. The vaporizer disclosed in Patent Document 1 is composed of a plurality of heat transfer panels each having a plurality of heat transfer tubes erected so as to guide the liquefied gas upward, and the liquefied gas on these heat transfer panels. It also has multiple troughs, each configured to sprinkle hot heating liquids. The plurality of heat transfer panels and the plurality of troughs are alternately arranged in a direction perpendicular to the alignment direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes. In order to supply the heating liquid to the plurality of troughs, a plurality of supply pipes extending from the manifold are connected to each of these troughs.

The heating liquid is supplied to a plurality of troughs through a manifold and a plurality of supply pipes. The heating liquid overflows from these troughs and is supplied to a plurality of heat transfer tubes of a heat transfer panel adjacent to these troughs. While the heating liquid flows down along the outer surface of these heat transfer tubes, the liquefied gas flows upward in the heat transfer tubes and exchanges heat with the heating liquid. As a result of heat exchange, the temperature of the heating liquid decreases, while the temperature of the liquefied gas rises and vaporizes.

For some of the multiple troughs, it may be necessary to supply a smaller amount of heating liquid to the corresponding heat transfer panel than the other troughs. For example, the outermost troughs placed outside the row of heat transfer panels are adjacent only to the outermost heat transfer panels, while the troughs placed between adjacent heat transfer panels have two heat transfers. Adjacent to the heat panel. In this case, the outermost trough may supply a smaller amount of heating liquid than the other troughs.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-40296

An object of the present invention is to provide a vaporizer having a structure capable of making a supply amount of a heating liquid different between a plurality of troughs.

The vaporizer according to one aspect of the present invention is configured to vaporize the liquefied gas under heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the heating liquid having a temperature higher than that of the liquefied gas. The vaporizer includes a plurality of heat transfer panels each configured such that a plurality of heat transfer tubes erected so as to guide the liquefied gas are arranged in the horizontal direction, and one of the plurality of heat transfer panels. The first trough configured to supply the heating liquid to the outer surface of the heat transfer tube, and the heating liquid to the outer surface of the other plurality of heat transfer tubes among the plurality of heat transfer panels. A second trough configured to supply the heating liquid, a manifold through which the heating liquid flows, and the manifold and the first trough connected so as to supply the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough. The first supply pipe and the manifold and the second trough are connected so as to supply the heating liquid from the manifold to the second trough, and a flow path cross-sectional area smaller than that of the first trough is formed. It is equipped with a second supply pipe that it has.

The above-mentioned vaporizer has a structure that enables the supply amount of the heating liquid to be different among a plurality of troughs.

The object, features and advantages of the present invention will be made clearer by the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

It is a schematic perspective view of the open rack type vaporizer. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vaporizer. It is a schematic sectional view of the box body of a vaporizer. It is a schematic perspective view of the resistance member arranged in a box body. It is a schematic perspective view of another resistance member arranged in a box body. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the box body which has a single lid member. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the box body which has a single lid member. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the box body which has a single lid member. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the box body which has a single lid member. It is the schematic sectional drawing of the manifold of a vaporizer. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a trough having two inlets. It is a schematic sectional view of the trough which formed the inflow port in the bottom wall. It is a schematic sectional view of the trough which formed the inflow port in the bottom wall. It is the schematic sectional drawing of the trough which receives the liquid for heating from the upper side. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the 2nd trough to which the 2nd supply pipe to which the closing member was fixed internally was connected. It is the schematic sectional drawing of the manifold in which the closing member is fixed internally. It is a schematic perspective view of the vaporizer which has a box body which a perforated plate is attached to an inflow port.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an open rack type vaporizer (ORV) 100. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vaporizer 100 on a virtual vertical plane. The vaporizer 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The vaporizer 100 is configured to vaporize the liquefied natural gas (hereinafter referred to as "liquefied gas") by exchanging heat with a heating liquid having a temperature higher than that of the liquefied gas. The gas phase natural gas obtained as a result of heat exchange is referred to as "vaporized gas" in the following description. In this embodiment, seawater is used as the heating liquid. Alternatively, a liquid having a temperature higher than that of the vaporized gas may be used as the heating liquid.

The vaporizer 100 includes a lower manifold 111, an upper manifold 112, and a plurality of heat transfer panels 113 through which liquefied gas or vaporized gas flows internally. The lower manifold 111 and the upper manifold 112 extend in the horizontal direction. The upper manifold 112 extends substantially parallel to the lower manifold 111 at a position separated upward from the lower manifold 111. The plurality of heat transfer panels 113 are connected to the upper manifold 112 and the lower manifold 111. The plurality of heat transfer panels 113 are arranged in the horizontal direction at intervals. The extending directions of the lower manifold 111 and the upper manifold 112 coincide with the alignment directions of the plurality of heat transfer panels 113.

The lower manifold 111 is used to distribute the liquefied gas to the plurality of heat transfer panels 113. The plurality of heat transfer panels 113 are used for heat exchange of the liquefied gas with seawater. The upper manifold 112 is used to aggregate the vaporized gas obtained as a result of heat exchange between the liquefied gas and seawater. A supply device (not shown) configured to supply vaporized gas to a predetermined demand destination (not shown) is connected to the upper manifold 112.

Each of the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 includes a lower header tube 114, an upper header tube 115, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 116. The lower header pipe 114 and the upper header pipe 115 are extended in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the lower manifold 111 and the upper manifold 112 at positions separated from each other in the vertical direction. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 extend vertically between the lower header tube 114 and the upper header tube 115, respectively. The lower header tube 114 extends from the lower manifold 111 to form the lower edge of the heat transfer panel 113, while the upper header tube 115 extends from the upper manifold 112 to form the upper edge of the heat transfer panel 113. doing. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 extend upward from the lower header tube 114 and are connected to the upper header tube 115. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 are arranged in the extending direction of the lower header tube 114 and the upper header tube 115. The alignment direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 is referred to as a "first horizontal direction" in the following description. The horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction (that is, the extension direction of the lower manifold 111 and the upper manifold 112) is referred to as a "second horizontal direction" in the following description.

The vaporizer 100 includes a pump 121 configured to discharge seawater and a manifold 122 configured to guide the seawater discharged from the pump 121 in the second horizontal direction. Further, the vaporizer 100 includes a plurality of first supply pipes 123'and a plurality of second supply pipes 123, each connected to the manifold 122, and a plurality of troughs 130. The manifold 122, the plurality of first supply pipes 123', and the plurality of second supply pipes 123 form a flow path for supplying seawater to the plurality of troughs 130.

The manifold 122 extends in the second horizontal direction at a position separated from the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 in the first horizontal direction. The manifold 122 is formed with a plurality of outlets 125 from which seawater flowing into the manifold 122 flows out. These outlets 125 are spaced apart in the second horizontal direction.

The plurality of troughs 130 are arranged so as to be alternately arranged with the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 in the second horizontal direction. With respect to the height position of each of the plurality of troughs 130, the trough 130 is arranged at a position lower than that of the upper header pipe 115. The trough 130 is arranged so as to be adjacent to the upper part of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 of the heat transfer panel 113 (above the intermediate position of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 in the height direction) in the second horizontal direction. The trough 130 is located higher than the manifold 122 on which the outlet 125 is formed.

Each of the plurality of troughs 130 is configured to guide the box body 131 configured to store seawater and the seawater overflowing from the box body 131 to the outer surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the corresponding heat transfer panels 113. It includes a guide unit 139 and the like.

The box body 131 is a rectangular box that is long in the first horizontal direction and short in the second horizontal direction. The box body 131 is open upward. The box body 131 includes an elongated substantially rectangular bottom wall 132 in the first horizontal direction, and a peripheral wall 133 erected above the outer peripheral edge of the bottom wall 132. The upper edge of the peripheral wall 133 is substantially horizontal as a whole.

The peripheral wall 133 has a pair of

side walls

134 and 135 erected upward from a pair of longitudinally extending edges of the bottom wall 132 and a first erected upward from a pair of laterally extending edges of the bottom wall 132. It includes one end wall 136 and a second end wall 137. The

side walls

134 and 135 are erected at positions separated from each other in the second horizontal direction, while the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137 are erected at positions separated from each other in the first horizontal direction. ing.

The lengths of the

side walls

134 and 135 and the bottom wall 132 in the first horizontal direction are set to a value larger than the length of the pipe rows of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 arranged in the first horizontal direction. The box 131 is arranged so that the

side walls

134 and 135 overlap the entire row of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 in the second horizontal direction.

The first end wall 136 is arranged closer to the outlet 125 of the manifold 122 than the second end wall 137. An inflow port 138 through which seawater flows is formed in the first end wall 136 (see FIG. 1). The center of the inflow port 138 is located below the center of the first end wall. The position of the inflow port 138 of the first end wall 136 in the second horizontal direction substantially coincides with the position of the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122 in the second horizontal direction. Since the trough 130 is located higher than the manifold 122, the inflow port 138 formed on the first end wall 136 of the trough 130 is also located higher than the outlet 125 of the manifold 122.

Of the four troughs 130 arranged at intervals in the second horizontal direction, the inner trough 130 arranged between the adjacent heat transfer panels 113 is referred to as the "first trough 130A" in the following description. To. The two troughs 130 arranged outside the row of heat transfer panels 113 are referred to as "second trough 130B" in the following description. Each of the two second troughs 130B is adjacent to only one heat transfer panel 113. On the other hand, since each of the two first troughs 130A is arranged between two adjacent heat transfer panels 113, they are adjacent to these heat transfer panels 113.

The height dimension of the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137 of the second trough 130B is set to a value larger than the height dimension of the

side walls

134 and 135. That is, the upper edges of the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137 extend at positions higher than the upper edges of the

side walls

134 and 135.

The height dimension of the first end wall 136, the second end wall 137 and the right side wall 135 of the second trough 130B on the right side is the height of the left side wall 134 (that is, the side wall 134 facing the heat transfer panel 113 side). It is set to a value larger than the dimension. That is, the upper edges of the first end wall 136, the second end wall 137, and the side wall 135 extend at a position higher than the upper edge of the side wall 134. That is, the side wall on the side opposite to the side wall has a larger height than the side wall on the heat transfer panel 113 side.

The height dimension of the first end wall 136, the second end wall 137 and the left side wall 134 of the second trough 130B on the left side is the height of the right side wall 135 (that is, the side wall 135 facing the heat transfer panel 113 side). It is set to a value larger than the dimension. That is, the upper edges of the first end wall 136, the second end wall 137, and the side wall 134 extend at a position higher than the upper edge of the side wall 135.

The guide portion 139 forms an inclined surface inclined downward from the upper edge of at least one of the

side walls

134 and 135 toward the heat transfer panel 113 to which the seawater is supplied. The guide portion 139 allows the seawater that is supplied to the trough 130 beyond the volume of the box body 131 and overflows beyond the upper edges of the

side walls

134 and 135 of the box body 131 to be transferred to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 of the corresponding heat transfer panel 113. It is used to guide you to.

The guide portion 139 of the second trough 130B on the left side is provided so as to project to the right from the upper edge of the side wall 135 on the heat transfer panel 113 side. The guide portion 139 is not provided on the side wall 134 on the opposite side. The guide portion 139 of the second trough 130B on the right side is provided so as to project to the left from the upper edge of the side wall 134 on the left side. The guide portion 139 is not provided on the side wall 134 on the opposite side. The guide portion 139 of the first trough 130A is provided so as to project outward from the upper edges of the

side walls

134 and 135.

Each of the plurality of first supply pipes 123'and the plurality of second supply pipes 123 has an upstream end connected to the outlet 125 of the manifold 122 and a downstream end connected to the inlet 138 of the corresponding trough 130. However, a flow path through which seawater flows is formed between the upstream end and the downstream end. The first supply pipe 123'extends from the manifold 122 to the inflow port 138 of the first trough 130A. The second supply pipe 123 extends from the manifold 122 to the inflow port 138 of the second trough 130B. The flow path cross-sectional area of the second supply pipe 123 is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area of the first supply pipe 123'.

The flow of liquefied gas and seawater in the vaporizer 100 will be described below.

The liquefied gas is supplied to the lower manifold 111 by a pump (not shown). After flowing into the lower manifold 111, the liquefied gas flows into the lower header pipe 114 of each of the plurality of heat transfer panels 113. The liquefied gas that has flowed into the lower header tube 114 flows upward along the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116. During this time, the liquefied gas exchanges heat with seawater and becomes vaporized gas. The vaporized gas flows upward and flows into the header pipe 115. After that, the vaporized gas flows through the upper header pipe 115 and is collected in the upper manifold 112.

Seawater is supplied to the manifold 122 by the pump 121. The seawater is guided in the second horizontal direction by the manifold 122 and distributed to the plurality of first supply pipes 123'and the plurality of second supply pipes 123 attached to the manifold 122. The seawater that has flowed through the plurality of first supply pipes 123'and the plurality of second supply pipes 123 flows into the first trough 130A and the second trough 130B. The seawater that has flowed into the first trough 130A and the second trough 130B forms a liquid layer in the space surrounded by the bottom wall 132 and the peripheral wall 133. When the inflow of seawater into the trough 130 exceeds the volume of the box 131, the seawater overflows beyond the upper edges of the

side walls

134 and 135. The seawater then flows down along the slope of the guide 139. As a result, the seawater is sprinkled on the upper portions of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 located on the side of the box 131.

Each of the two second troughs 130B of the vaporizer 100 described above supplies a heating liquid to one heat transfer panel 113, whereas each of the two first troughs 130A heats the two heat transfer panels 113. It is necessary to supply the liquid for use. Therefore, it is necessary that a larger amount of the heating liquid flows out from the first trough 130A than the amount of the heating liquid flowing out from the second trough 130B. Therefore, it is necessary to supply a larger amount of the heating liquid to the first trough 130A than the amount of the heating liquid supplied to the second trough 130B.

The flow path cross-sectional area of the first supply pipe 123'is larger than the flow path cross-sectional area of the second supply pipe 123 in order to make the supply amount of the heating liquid different between the first trough 130A and the second trough 130B. It is set to a value. Therefore, a larger amount of heating liquid than the amount of heating liquid supplied to the second trough 130B is supplied to the first trough 130A. It is not necessary to attach valve bodies to the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123 in order to obtain such a magnitude relationship of the flow rate.

With respect to the conventional structure, the seawater flow path is configured so that the seawater flows in from the bottom surface of the trough, and therefore extends beyond the first end wall from the pipe member and manifold forming the seawater flow path. And connected to the inflow port formed on the bottom of the trough. Unlike the conventional structure, the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123 are connected to the first end wall 136 and do not extend beyond the first end wall 136. Therefore, not only the material cost of the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123 is saved, but also the flow resistance to the seawater flowing in the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123 is lowered.

The structures described in connection with the embodiments described above are exemplary and should not be construed in a restrictive manner. Various changes and improvements may be made to the structures described in connection with the embodiments described above.

Regarding the above-described embodiment, liquefied natural gas is exemplified as the liquefied gas. However, the liquefied gas may be liquefied petroleum gas or liquid nitrogen.

Regarding the above-described embodiment, various parts are arranged in the box 131 of the trough 130 for the purpose of adjusting the inflow of seawater into the trough 130 and suppressing the uplift of the seawater level in the trough 130. It may have been. An exemplary structure within the box 131 is shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the box body 131.

The vaporizer 100 includes a closing member 140 attached to the inner surface of the box 131 so as to partially close the inflow port 138. The closing member 140 is used to make the inflow of seawater substantially uniform among the plurality of troughs 130.

As the closing member 140, an orifice having an opening 141 formed in the first horizontal direction can be preferably used. The opening 141 has a smaller area than the inflow port 138. The closing member 140 is attached to the inner surface of the first end wall 136 and / or the

side walls

134, 135. In addition, the closing member 140 is removable from the first end wall 136 and / or the

side walls

134, 135. For example, the side edge of the closing member 140 may be inserted into the groove formed on the inner surface of the

side walls

134 and 135.

Replacing an orifice attached to one of the troughs 130 with another orifice with a smaller opening area reduces the inflow of seawater into the trough 130 with which the orifice has been replaced, while the other. The inflow of seawater into the trough 130 increases. On the contrary, when a large orifice is newly installed in the opening area, the amount of seawater flowing into the trough 130 in which the orifice has been replaced increases, while the amount of seawater flowing into the other trough 130 decreases. It is preferred that an orifice having an appropriate opening area be selected as the closing member 140 for each of the troughs 130 so that a substantially uniform distribution of seawater is obtained among the troughs 130.

Regarding the conventional structure, fluid parts such as butterfly valves and orifices are generally arranged in the flow path extending from the manifold to multiple troughs. These fluid components are used to suppress variations in the amount of seawater flowing into a plurality of troughs. In this embodiment, the closing member 140 is used in order to suppress the variation in the amount of seawater among the plurality of troughs.

Regarding the replacement of the closing member 140, the operator performing the replacement work can easily access the closing member 140 through the upward opening of the box body 131. The operator can pull out the existing closing member 140 from the box body 131 and install a new closing member in the box body 131. Unlike the structure in which the butterfly valve and the orifice are attached to the supply pipe, the replacement of the closing member 140 does not require disassembly of the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123. In addition, the wide space above the trough 130 is used for the replacement work, not the narrow space in which the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123 are extended. Therefore, the replacement of the closing member 140 is relatively easy.

Regarding the above-described embodiment, the inflow port 138 is formed on the first end wall 136. In this case, the heating liquid flowing in from the inflow port 138 collides with the second end wall 137 on the opposite side. A part of the heating liquid that collides with the second end wall 137 flows upward and raises the liquid level of the heating liquid near the second end wall 137. In order to suppress the uplift of the liquid level, the vaporizer 100 may have a uplift suppressing portion in order to suppress the uplift of the liquid level in the trough 130.

The ridge suppressing portion includes a resistance member arranged between the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137. The resistance member is arranged so that the seawater flowing in from the inflow port 138 collides with the resistance member before colliding with the second end wall 137. The resistance member includes a baffle plate (resistor) 151 erected above the bottom wall 132. Three baffle plates 151 are shown in FIG.

The plurality of baffle plates 151 are arranged at intervals in the first horizontal direction between the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137. The plurality of baffle plates 151 are attached to the bottom wall 132 and / or the

side walls

134 and 135. The plurality of baffle plates 151 may be removable from the bottom wall 132 and / or the

side walls

134, 135.

The height dimension of the baffle plate 151 is smaller than the height dimension of the peripheral wall 133. Therefore, a space for seawater to flow in the first horizontal direction is formed above the baffle plate 151.

The flow path of seawater from the manifold 122 to the plurality of troughs 130 is compared with the structure of the conventional vaporizer as follows.

The seawater that has flowed into the box 131 collides with a plurality of obstacle plates 151. The effect of these baffle plates 151 on the seawater flowing in the box 131 will be described below.

FIG. 3 shows a straight line (solid line) extending in the first horizontal direction and a curved line drawn by a dotted line above the plurality of obstacle plates 151. The solid line schematically represents the liquid level of seawater assumed in the presence of a plurality of obstacle plates 151. The dotted line schematically represents the liquid level of seawater assumed in the absence of the plurality of obstacle plates 151.

In the absence of the plurality of baffle plates 151, the seawater that has sequentially passed through the inflow port 138 and the opening 141 of the closing member 140 (orifice) collides vigorously with the inner surface of the second end wall 137. A part of the seawater that collides with the second end wall 137 flows vigorously upward along the inner surface of the second end wall 137. As a result, as shown by the dotted line, the liquid level of the seawater in the box 131 rises upward near the inner surface of the second end wall 137.

On the other hand, in the presence of the plurality of baffle plates 151, a part of the seawater that has sequentially passed through the inflow port 138 and the opening 141 of the closing member 140 (orifice) is the baffle plate 151 (that is, the first end) arranged most upstream. It collides with the baffle plate 151) arranged at the position closest to the wall 136. A part of the seawater that collides with the obstacle plate 151 changes its direction and flows in a direction other than the first horizontal direction, while the other seawater gets over the obstacle plate 151 and flows toward the second end wall 137. The seawater that has passed over the most upstream obstacle plate 151 collides with the next obstacle plate 151. As a result of the seawater colliding with the plurality of baffle plates 151 in sequence, the seawater component that flows vigorously toward the second end wall 137 gradually decreases. Since the collision force generated between the seawater and the second end wall 137 is smaller in the presence of the plurality of obstruction plates 151 than in the absence of the plurality of obstruction plates 151, the collision force of the seawater with respect to the second end wall 137 occurs. The momentum of the upward seawater flow caused by this also weakens. As a result, the height of the liquid level uplift near the inner surface of the second end wall 137 becomes low.

The number of baffle plates 151 to be arranged is determined so that the liquid level of seawater in the trough 130 is substantially flat based on the flow velocity of the seawater flowing into the trough 130 and the flow mode of the seawater in the trough 130. It is preferable to be done. Therefore, the resistance member may be one or two baffle plates 151, or may be a baffle plate 151 exceeding three.

As the resistance member, instead of the baffle plate 151, another resistance member configured to collide with the seawater flowing in from the inflow port 138 may be used. Alternative members that can be used as resistance members are described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. 4 and 5 are schematic perspective views of the alternative member.

Instead of the baffle plate 151 having no through holes formed, a perforated plate 152 having a large number of through holes formed in the first horizontal direction may be used as a resistance member (see FIG. 4). Since seawater can pass through the through hole of the perforated plate 152, the perforated plate 152 may have substantially the same height dimension as the peripheral wall 133.

Instead of the baffle plate 151 which is thin in the first horizontal direction, a block body 153 whose dimensional difference in the first horizontal direction, the second horizontal direction, and the vertical direction is smaller than that of the baffle plate 151 may be used as the resistance member (FIG. 5). See). It is preferable that the shape and size of the member used as the uplift suppressing portion are determined so that the liquid level of the seawater in the box 131 is substantially flat.

The ridge suppressing portion may be a plate-shaped lid member 154 arranged in the box body 131 near the second end wall 137. A large number of through holes are formed in the lid member 154. Therefore, as the lid member 154, a perforated plate (plate member) can be preferably used. The lid member 154 may be used alone as a ridge suppressing portion (see FIG. 6), or may be used as a ridge suppressing portion together with a resistance member (for example, a baffle plate 151).

The lid member 154 extends in the first horizontal direction from the vicinity of the second end wall 137 and is arranged so as to lie substantially horizontally. The lid member 154 partitions a part of the internal space of the box body 131 up and down near the second end wall 137. The pair of side edges of the lid member 154 may be attached to the inner surfaces of the

side walls

134, 135. The downstream edge of the lid member 154 may be attached to the inner surface of the second end wall 137 and abut on the inner surface of the second end wall 137 (see FIG. 6). Alternatively, the first horizontal position of the lid member 154 may be determined such that the downstream edge of the lid member 154 is slightly spaced from the inner surface of the second end wall 137 (see FIG. 7). The downstream edge of the lid member 154 is close to the inner surface of the second end wall 137, whereas the upstream edge of the lid member 154 is significantly distant from the inner surface of the upstream first end wall 136. It is preferable that the lid member 154 is removable from the box body 131.

The lid member 154 is arranged at a position higher than the inflow port 138. Therefore, most of the seawater that has flowed into the box 131 from the inflow port 138 through the opening of the closing member 140 (orifice) collides with the inner surface of the second end wall 137 below the lid member 154.

The upward seawater flow generated as a result of the collision below the lid member 154 collides with the lower surface of the lid member 154. As a result, most of the seawater that collides with the lid member 154 flows toward the first end wall 136 upstream along the lower surface of the lid member 154. Therefore, the uplift of the liquid level near the second end wall 137 downstream is effectively suppressed.

A part of the seawater that collides with the lid member 154 flows into the space above the lid member 154 through a through hole that penetrates the lid member 154 in the vertical direction. Therefore, the lid member 154 does not excessively hinder the formation of a liquid layer of seawater above the lid member 154. That is, the lid member 154 does not excessively prevent seawater from overflowing from the downstream end of the trough 130.

The lid member may not have a through hole as long as the effect of suppressing the local uplift of the liquid level can be obtained over the entire trough 130. In this case, seawater can flow into the space above the lid member through the space between the upstream edge of the lid member and the first upstream wall 136.

6 and 7 show a single perforated plate as the lid member 154. However, a plurality of perforated plates (plate members) 155 may be arranged in the box 131 as lid members 154 (see FIG. 8). These perforated plates 155 are arranged at intervals in the first horizontal direction. In addition, these perforated plates 155 are arranged at a substantially constant height position (higher than the inflow port and lower than the upper edge of the box 131). The most downstream perforated plate 155 corresponds to the lid member 154 described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. That is, the most downstream perforated plate 155 contributes to the suppression of the uplift of the liquid level near the second end wall 137. The other perforated plate 155 contributes to suppressing the waviness of the liquid level caused by the seawater from the inflow port 138. The waviness of the liquid surface is suppressed to some extent by forming the inflow port 138 in the lower region of the first end wall 136, but it is also effectively suppressed by these perforated plates 155.

Instead of the plurality of perforated plates 155, thin plates having no through holes may be attached at the arrangement positions of these perforated plates 155. In this case, seawater can flow into the region above the placement height of these thin plates through the voids between the adjacent thin plates. The effect of suppressing the waviness and swelling of the liquid surface can be obtained by using a plurality of thin plates.

One perforated plate 156 long in the first horizontal direction may be used as the lid member 154 in order to obtain an effect of suppressing the waviness and swelling of the liquid surface (see FIG. 9). The perforated plate 156 shown in FIG. 9 vertically partitions the internal space of the box body 131 over a section between the inner surface of the first end wall 136 and the inner surface of the second end wall 137. The height position of the perforated plate 156 is equal to the height position of the perforated plate 155 of FIG. Seawater can flow into the space above the perforated plate 156 through the through hole of the perforated plate 156.

Various layouts can be adopted for the height position of the manifold 122. Other layouts of the manifold 122 are described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 10. FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the manifold 122.

Regarding the layout shown in FIG. 1, the inflow port 138 of the first end wall 136 is arranged at a different height position from the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122. However, the inflow port 138 of the first end wall 136 may have a relative positional relationship between the manifold 122 and the plurality of troughs 130 so as to be substantially coaxial with the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122 (FIG. FIG. See 10). That is, the manifold 122 may be arranged at a position higher than the position shown in FIG. 1 so that the height position of the manifold 122 is substantially equal to the height position of the plurality of troughs 130. In this case, the straight pipe type first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123 can be preferably used as the supply pipes connected to them, and a flow path shorter than the curved flow path is formed.

The vaporizer 100 may include an additional manifold 122 and an additional first supply pipe 123'(and / or a second supply pipe 123) (see FIG. 11). In this case, the inflow port 138 is also formed on the second end wall 137. In addition, the vaporizer 100 includes an additional closing member 140 fixed adjacent to the inner surface of the second end wall 137 so as to partially block the inflow port 138 of the second end wall 137.

The heating liquid flows in from the inflow port 138 of the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137. As a result, the heating liquids flow in opposite directions in the trough 130. These streams collide at approximately intermediate positions in the longitudinal direction of the trough 130. As a result, the liquid level of the heating liquid may rise at the intermediate position, but in this case, for example, the lid member 154 described with reference to FIG. 9 is used to suppress the rise of the liquid level. May be done.

The amount of the heating liquid supplied to the first trough 130A not only makes the flow path cross-sectional area of the first supply pipe 123'larger than that of the second supply pipe 123, but also supplies the first to the second end wall 137 side. When the supply of heating liquid is different between the first trough 130A and the second trough 130B by adding the tube 123', the structure of the trough 130 shown in FIG. 11 is the first trough. It may be applied only to 130A.

The inflow port 138'may be formed on the bottom wall 132 in order to prevent the heating liquid from colliding with the first end wall 136 or the second end wall 137 (see FIG. 12). In this case, the heating liquid flows into the trough 130 through the inflow port 138'of the bottom wall 132 and then flows in the longitudinal direction of the trough 130. Since the inflow port 138'does not face the peripheral wall 133 of the trough 130, the uplift of the liquid surface due to the collision of the heating liquid with the peripheral wall 133 is suppressed.

One inflow port 138'is formed on the bottom wall 132 of the trough 130 shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, the liquid level may rise locally above the inflow port 138'. A plurality of inflow ports 138'may be formed on the bottom wall 132 in order to suppress this local uplift of the liquid level. The first supply pipe 123'and / or the second supply pipe 123 connected to the trough 130 of FIG. 13 has a header pipe 126 extending from the manifold 122 in the longitudinal direction below the trough 130. The first supply pipe 123'and / or the second supply pipe 123 has a plurality of connection pipes 127 extending upward from the header pipe 126 and connected to the inflow port 138'of the bottom wall 132. .. The flow path cross-sectional areas of these connecting pipes 127 and header pipes 126 are different between the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123.

When a plurality of inlets 138'are provided, the amount of heating liquid flowing into the trough 130 from one inlet 138' is reduced, and the uplift of the liquid level above each inlet 138' is suppressed.

For the purpose of smoothing the liquid level of the heating liquid in the trough 130, the cross-sectional areas of the flow paths may be set to different values among the plurality of connecting pipes 127. For example, when a large uplift of the liquid level of the heating liquid occurs, the flow path cross-sectional area of the connecting pipe 127 corresponding to the occurrence site of the large uplift may be set to a relatively small value. In this case, the resistance of the small flow path cross-sectional area 127 increases, and the inflow amount of the heating liquid from the connecting pipe 127 decreases. As a result, the uplift of the liquid level of the heating liquid above the connecting pipe 127 is reduced.

Regarding the above-described embodiment, inflow ports 138 and 138'are formed to supply the heating liquid to the trough 130. If the heating liquid is supplied into the trough 130 through the upward opening region of the trough 130, the inflow ports 138,138'may not be formed in the trough 130. In this case, the manifold 122 and the first supply pipe 123'(and / or the second supply pipe 123) are arranged in the space above the trough 130 (see FIG. 14).

Even when the heating liquid is supplied into the trough 130 through the upward opening region of the trough 130, the uplift of the liquid level due to the collision of the heating liquid with the peripheral wall 133 is suppressed. In addition, the trough 130 has a simple structure because the inflow ports 138,138'are not formed in the trough 130.

FIG. 14 shows one manifold 122. A plurality of manifolds 122 may be arranged above the trough 130 in order to increase the inflow of the heating liquid into the trough 130.

Regarding the above-described embodiment, the closing member 140 is arranged inside the trough 130. Instead of this, as shown in FIG. 15, a closing member 140'that partially blocks the flow path of the second supply pipe 123 may be arranged in the second supply pipe 123. The closing member 140'in FIG. 15 is fixed at the upstream end of the second supply pipe 123. However, the closing member 140'may be arranged at another position (for example, a downstream end or an intermediate position) of the second supply pipe 123.

By arranging the closing member 140'in the second supply pipe 123, the amount of the heating liquid flowing through the second supply pipe 123 can be further reduced. By adjusting the closed area of the closing member 140'with respect to the flow path cross-sectional area of the second supply pipe 123, the inflow amount of the heating liquid flowing through the second supply pipe 123 can be finely adjusted.

As shown in FIG. 16, two closing members 140 ″ may be fixed in the manifold 122. These closing members 140 ″ are configured to partially block the flow path in the manifold 122. These closing members 140'' are fixed at a position between the connection portion of the first supply pipe 123'to the manifold 122 and the connection portion of the second supply pipe 123 to the manifold 122 (shown by the dotted line in FIG. 1). Position). An inflow portion of the heating liquid from the pump 121 to the manifold 122 is provided in the manifold 122 in the flow path section between these closing members 140 ″. That is, the inflow portion is formed closer to the connection portion of the first supply pipe 123'than the connection portion of the second supply pipe 123.

The heating liquid flows into the first supply pipe 123 ″ without passing through the closing member 140 ″, while flowing into the second supply pipe 123 after passing through the closing member 140 ″. By providing the closing member 140'' in the manifold 122, the flow rate between the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123 due to the difference in the flow path cross-sectional area of the first supply pipe 123'and the second supply pipe 123. The difference can be fine-tuned.

Regarding the above-described embodiment, the closing member 140 (and the closing member 140 ″, 140 ″) is formed by using an orifice. However, as shown in FIG. 17, the closing member 140 (and the closing member 140', 140 ") may be formed by using the perforated plate 142.

Regarding the above-described embodiment, a plurality of baffle plates 151 are used as the ridge suppressing portion. However, a single baffle plate may be used as the ridge suppressor. How many baffles are used as the uplift suppressor may be determined based on the flow rate of seawater flowing into the trough 130 and the size of the inflow port 138. Based on these design conditions, the arrangement interval of the plurality of baffle plates 151 and the heights of the plurality of baffle plates 151 may be determined.

The vaporizer described in connection with the various embodiments described above mainly has the following features.

The vaporizer according to one aspect of the above-described embodiment is configured to vaporize the liquefied gas under heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the heating liquid having a temperature higher than that of the liquefied gas. The vaporizer includes a plurality of heat transfer panels each configured such that a plurality of heat transfer tubes erected so as to guide the liquefied gas are arranged in the horizontal direction, and one of the plurality of heat transfer panels. The first trough configured to supply the heating liquid to the outer surface of the heat transfer tube, and the heating liquid to the outer surface of the other plurality of heat transfer tubes among the plurality of heat transfer panels. A second trough configured to supply the heating liquid, a manifold through which the heating liquid flows, and the manifold and the first trough connected so as to supply the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough. The first supply pipe and the manifold and the second trough are connected so as to supply the heating liquid from the manifold to the second trough, and a flow path cross-sectional area smaller than that of the first trough is formed. It is equipped with a second supply pipe that it has.

According to the above configuration, since the first trough and the second trough receive the heating liquid through the first supply pipe and the second supply pipe connected to the manifold, the supply amount of the heating liquid to these troughs is. , Varies according to the flow path cross-sectional area of these supply pipes. The structure of the vaporizer is complicated when the supply of heating liquid from the second trough to the corresponding heat transfer panel may be less than the supply of heating liquid from the first trough to the corresponding heat transfer panel. A relatively small amount of heating liquid can be supplied to the second trough without conversion.

Regarding the above configuration, the second trough may be arranged outside the row of the plurality of heat transfer panels. The first trough may be arranged between adjacent heat transfer panels.

According to the above configuration, one heat transfer panel is adjacent to the second trough, while two heat transfer panels are adjacent to each other in the first trough. Therefore, from the second trough, the heating liquid flows down to one heat transfer panel, while from the first trough, the heating liquid flows down to the two heat transfer panels. On the other hand, since the flow path cross-sectional area of the supply pipe connected to the second trough is smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area of the supply pipe for the first trough, the amount of the heating liquid supplied to the second trough is relatively large. It becomes smaller. Since the first trough and the second trough receive the heating liquid through a plurality of supply pipes connected to the manifold, the amount of the heating liquid supplied to these troughs depends on the flow path cross-sectional area of these supply pipes. Will change. Therefore, a flow rate corresponding to the number of heat transfer panels to which the heating liquid is supplied can be obtained. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach a valve body for adjusting the supply flow rate to the supply pipe for the second trough.

With respect to the above configuration, the first trough is a first erected on a bottom wall extending in the alignment direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes and an end portion of the bottom wall located on the manifold side in the alignment direction. It may include an end wall and a second end wall erected at another end of the bottom wall that is separated from the first end wall in the alignment direction. An inflow port into which the heating liquid flows may be formed on the first end wall.

According to the above configuration, a manifold configured to supply the heating liquid to the first trough is arranged on the first end wall side of the trough, and an inflow port is formed in the first end wall. Therefore, the flow path of the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough is shortened. In other words, the flow path of the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough crosses the first end wall, unlike the structure in which the heating liquid flows into the first trough having an inflow port formed in the bottom wall from the manifold. It does not have to extend to the inlet of the bottom wall.

Regarding the above configuration, the second end wall may be formed with an inflow port into which the heating liquid flows.

When the inflow port is formed only on the first end wall, the heating liquid collides with the second end wall and raises the liquid level of the heating liquid near the second end wall. In this case, the amount of the heating liquid flowing out from the vicinity of the second end wall to the heat transfer panel is larger than the amount of the heating liquid flowing out from the vicinity of the first end wall to the heat transfer panel. According to the above configuration, since the inflow port is formed in the first end wall and the second end wall, the amount of the heating liquid flowing out from the vicinity of the first end wall and the second end wall to the heat transfer panel can be measured. Can be approximately equal.

With respect to the above configuration, the first trough may have a bottom wall on which an inflow port into which the heating liquid flows is formed.

According to the above configuration, since the inflow port is formed on the bottom wall, the heating liquid can flow into the first trough and the second trough without colliding with the inner surface of the first trough.

Regarding the above configuration, the first supply pipe may be arranged above the first trough.

According to the above configuration, since the first supply pipe is arranged above the first trough, the heating liquid can flow into the first trough through the upward opening region of the first trough. Since the inflow port does not have to be formed in the first trough, the configuration of the first trough can be simplified.

With respect to the above configuration, the vaporizer may further include a closing member arranged in the first trough so as to partially close the inflow port. The closing member may be removable from the first trough.

According to the above configuration, since the closing member partially closes the inflow port, it is possible to give resistance to the heating liquid at the inflow port of the trough and adjust the inflow amount of the heating liquid into the trough. Since the closing member is removable from the trough, the resistance to the heating liquid passing through the inflow port can be reduced by removing the closing member from the trough.

Regarding the above configuration, the first trough may include a side wall erected facing the one heat transfer panel. The side wall may have an inner surface on which a groove into which the closing member is inserted is formed.

According to the above configuration, the closing member is attached to the first trough by being inserted into a groove formed on the inner surface of the side wall.

With respect to the above configuration, the vaporizer comprises a flow path in the manifold between a connection portion where the second supply pipe is connected to the manifold and a connection portion where the first supply pipe is connected to the manifold. An additional closing member may be further provided. The inflow portion where the heating liquid flows into the manifold is located in the first supply pipe rather than the connection portion of the second supply pipe so that the heating liquid flows into the second supply pipe through the closing member. It may be formed near the connection site.

According to the above configuration, the inflow portion through which the heating liquid flows into the manifold is formed closer to the connection portion of the first supply pipe than the connection portion of the second supply pipe, so that the heating liquid is formed in the manifold. It flows into the second supply pipe through the closing member inside. Since the heating liquid receives resistance from the closing member, the inflow amount of the heating liquid into the second supply pipe is smaller than the inflow amount of the heating liquid into the first supply pipe.

With respect to the above configuration, the vaporizer may further include a closing member that partially closes the flow path in the second supply pipe.

According to the above configuration, the closing member partially closes the flow path in the second supply pipe, so that the inflow amount of the heating liquid to the second supply pipe is reduced.

With respect to the above configuration, the vaporizer so as to suppress the uplift of the liquid level of the heating liquid caused by the collision of the heating liquid flowing into the first trough with the second end wall. It may further include a configured uplift suppressing portion.

According to the above configuration, the heating liquid that has flowed into the trough through the inflow port formed on the first end wall flows toward the second end wall and collides with the second end wall. A part of the heating liquid that collides with the second end wall flows upward near the second end wall and tries to raise the liquid level of the heating liquid upward. When the liquid level of the heating liquid rises upward, the amount of the heating liquid that overflows from the trough at the raised portion becomes larger than the flow rate that overflows at the other portion. In this case, the amount of heat exchanged between the heating liquid and the liquefied gas varies greatly among the plurality of heat transfer tubes. However, since the uplift suppressing portion suppresses the uplift of the liquid surface, excessive supply of the heating liquid to the outer surface of the heat transfer tube near the second end wall is prevented. Therefore, the variation in the amount of heat exchange between the plurality of heat transfer tubes is suppressed.

With respect to the above configuration, the ridge suppressing portion may include a lid member extending in the alignment direction from the second end wall side at a position higher than the inflow port in the first trough.

According to the above configuration, most of the heating liquid flowing in from the inflow port flows into the region below the lid member arranged at a position higher than the inflow port. When the heating liquid subsequently collides with the second end wall, an upward flow of the heating liquid occurs. The uplift of the liquid level of the heating liquid is suppressed by the upward flow of the heating liquid colliding with the lid member.

Regarding the above configuration, the lid member may be formed with a through hole that penetrates the lid member in the vertical direction.

According to the above configuration, a part of the heating liquid flowing upward can flow into the space above the lid member through the through hole of the lid member. Since resistance is applied to the heating liquid as the heating liquid passes through the through hole, the pressure of the heating liquid flowing into the space above the lid member is reduced. As a result, the uplift of the liquid level near the second end wall is suppressed.

With respect to the above configuration, the uplift suppressing portion collides with the heating liquid that has flowed into the first trough from the inflow port before colliding with the second end wall, thereby causing a collision force of the heating liquid. It may include a resistance member arranged between the first end wall and the second end wall so as to suppress the above.

According to the above configuration, the heating liquid flowing in from the inflow port collides with the resistance member before colliding with the second end wall, so that the heating liquid in the direction from the first end wall to the second end wall The velocity component is reduced before the collision with the second edge wall. Since the heating liquid is decelerated by the resistance member before it collides with the second end wall, even if the heating liquid collides with the second end wall, a large collision force is not generated and a large velocity component is generated upward. The flow of the heating liquid to have is unlikely to occur. That is, the uplift of the liquid level near the second end wall is suppressed.

With respect to the above configuration, the resistance member may be formed with a through hole that allows the passage of the heating liquid toward the second end wall.

According to the above configuration, since the resistance member is formed with a through hole, a part of the heating liquid flowing in from the inflow port formed in the first end wall is passed through the through hole of the resistance member to the second. It flows toward the end wall. As the heating liquid passes through the through hole, a large resistance is applied to the heating liquid, so that the pressure of the heating liquid toward the second end wall decreases. As a result, the uplift of the liquid level near the second end wall is suppressed.

The techniques described in connection with the above embodiments are suitably used in various technical fields where a phase change from a liquefied gas to a vaporized gas is required.

Claims

A vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied gas under heat exchange between the liquefied gas and a heating liquid having a temperature higher than that of the liquefied gas.
A plurality of heat transfer panels, each of which is configured such that a plurality of heat transfer tubes erected so as to guide the liquefied gas are arranged in the horizontal direction, and
A first trough configured to supply the heating liquid to the outer surface of one of the plurality of heat transfer tubes among the plurality of heat transfer panels.
A second trough configured to supply the heating liquid to the outer surface of the other plurality of heat transfer tubes among the plurality of heat transfer panels.
The manifold through which the heating liquid flows and
A first supply pipe connected to the manifold and the first trough so as to supply the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough.
A second supply that is connected to the manifold and the second trough so as to supply the heating liquid from the manifold to the second trough and has a flow path cross-sectional area smaller than that of the first trough. A vaporizer equipped with a tube.
The second trough is located outside the row of the plurality of heat transfer panels.
The vaporizer according to claim 1, wherein the first trough is arranged between adjacent heat transfer panels.
The first trough includes a bottom wall extending in the alignment direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes, a first end wall erected at an end of the bottom wall located on the manifold side in the alignment direction, and the above. Included with the second end wall erected at another end of the bottom wall away from the first end wall in the alignment direction.
The vaporizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inflow port into which the heating liquid flows is formed on the first end wall.
The vaporizer according to claim 3, wherein an inflow port into which the heating liquid flows is formed on the second end wall.
The vaporizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first trough has a bottom wall formed with an inflow port into which the heating liquid flows.
The vaporizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first supply pipe is arranged above the first trough.
Further comprising a closing member arranged in the first trough so as to partially close the inflow port.
The vaporizer according to claim 3, wherein the closing member is removable from the first trough.
The first trough includes a side wall erected facing one of the plurality of heat transfer panels.
The vaporizer according to claim 7, wherein the side wall has an inner surface on which a groove into which the closing member is inserted is formed.
Further provided is a closing member that partially closes the flow path in the manifold between the connection portion where the second supply pipe is connected to the manifold and the connection portion where the first supply pipe is connected to the manifold.
The inflow portion where the heating liquid flows into the manifold is located in the first supply pipe rather than the connection portion of the second supply pipe so that the heating liquid flows into the second supply pipe through the closing member. The vaporizer according to claim 1 or 2, which is formed near the connection portion.
The vaporizer according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a closing member that partially closes the flow path in the second supply pipe.
Further provided is a ridge suppressing portion configured to suppress the bulge of the liquid surface of the heating liquid caused by the collision of the heating liquid flowing into the first trough with the second end wall. The vaporizer according to claim 3.
The vaporization device according to claim 11, wherein the ridge suppressing portion includes a lid member extending from the second end wall side in the alignment direction at a position higher than the inflow port in the first trough.
The vaporizer according to claim 12, wherein the lid member is formed with a through hole penetrating the lid member.
The ridge suppressing portion suppresses the collision force of the heating liquid by colliding the heating liquid flowing into the first trough from the inflow port before colliding with the second end wall. The vaporizer according to claim 11, further comprising a resistance member arranged between the first end wall and the second end wall.
The vaporizer according to claim 14, wherein the resistance member is formed with a through hole that allows the passage of the heating liquid toward the second end wall.