JP2013227994A - Four-way switching valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a four-way switching valve which prevents generation of abnormal noise when a valve element is in sliding, even when the valve element is formed of a material having a relatively large coefficient of friction.SOLUTION: A four-way switching valve 1 includes a valve body 2 having a closed space; a first conduit 4 connected to one side of the valve body to communicate with the closed space; a second conduit 6 connected to the other side of the valve body to communicate with the closed space; third and fourth conduits 10, 11 disposed adjacent to each other having the second conduit therebetween and communicating with the closed space; a valve seat 15 having openings 7, 12, and 13 communicating respectively with the second to fourth conduits in the valve body; and a valve element 14 slidably disposed in the valve seat, in which the valve element is slid in one or the other direction, whereby the communication state between the first conduit and the third conduit or the communication state between the first conduit and the fourth conduit are switched. In the four-way switching valve 1, grooves 14e are extended in the sliding direction of the valve element at a part except for a sealing surface 14d which forms closed space together with the valve seat from among contact surfaces between the valve element and the valve seat.

Description

    The present invention relates to a four-way switching valve used for equipment using a reversible refrigeration cycle such as refrigeration equipment and air conditioning equipment.

  Conventionally, a four-way switching valve is disposed in the refrigerant passage of the refrigeration cycle system to switch the refrigerant passage to switch between indoor cooling and heating. As such a four-way switching valve, Patent Document 1 proposes a four-way switching valve as shown in FIG.

  The four-way switching valve 50 has a sealed hollow cylindrical valve body 42, which is connected to a discharge pipe of a compressor 43, and a high-pressure pipe 44 into which a high-pressure refrigerant flows, and a compressor 43. Are connected to a low-pressure pipe 45 through which low-pressure refrigerant flows out, and a pair of conduits 48 and 49 that are arranged on both sides of the low-pressure pipe 45 and connected to the heat exchangers 46 and 47.

  The valve main body 42 accommodates pistons 51 and 52 that reciprocate in the sealed space, and a bowl-shaped valve element 53 is disposed between them. The pistons 51 and 52 operate according to the differential pressure between the first chamber (high pressure chamber) 55 located inside them and the second chamber (low pressure chamber) 56 located outside, and accordingly, the valve body 53. Slides on the valve seat 57. The differential pressure between the high pressure chamber 55 and the low pressure chamber 56 is controlled by a pilot valve 58.

  As shown in the figure, when the valve body 53 is slid to the left end, the high pressure pipe 44 and the right conduit 49 are communicated with each other outside the valve body 53, while the low pressure pipe 45 is connected with the inside of the valve body 53. The left conduit 48 can be in communication. On the contrary, when the valve body 53 is slid to the right end, the high pressure pipe 44 can be communicated with the left conduit 48 and the low pressure pipe 45 can be communicated with the right conduit 49, and the position of the valve body 53 is switched. Thus, the refrigerant passage can be changed.

JP 2009-41636 A

  In the four-way switching valve 50, when the valve body 53 is formed of nylon, which is a relatively inexpensive material, in order to reduce the apparatus cost, since the nylon has a large coefficient of friction, the valve body 53 moves over the valve seat 57. There was a problem that abnormal noise was generated when sliding.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems in the prior art, and even when the valve body is formed of a material having a relatively large friction coefficient, it is possible to prevent the generation of abnormal noise. An object is to provide a four-way switching valve.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a valve body having a sealed space, a first conduit connected to one side of the valve body and communicating with the sealed space, and connected to the other side of the valve body. A second conduit communicating with the sealed space; third and fourth conduits disposed adjacent to both sides of the second conduit and communicating with the sealed space; and the second conduit in the valve body. A valve seat having an opening communicating with each of the second to fourth conduits, and a valve body slidably disposed on the valve seat, and by sliding the valve body in one direction or the other direction A four-way switching valve capable of selectively switching a communication state between the first conduit and the third conduit or between the first conduit and the fourth conduit, the valve seat of the valve body Of the contact surface with the valve seat, except for the seal surface for forming a sealed space in cooperation with the valve seat, And characterized in that extending the grooves in the sliding direction of the valve body.

  According to the present invention, since the groove is extended in the sliding direction of the valve body on the contact surface excluding the sealing surface of the valve body, when the valve body slides, the contact surface between the valve body and the valve seat is Since it becomes easy to introduce the lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant and an oil film can be secured on the corresponding contact surface, it is possible to prevent the adsorption between the two and the generation of abnormal noise.

  In the four-way switching valve, the valve body includes a bulging portion that forms a fluid circulation space inside, and a flange portion that surrounds the bulging portion and slides on the valve seat. The groove is extended in the portion, and the corner portion facing the valve seat located at the open end portion of the flange portion in the sliding direction of the valve body can be chamfered in a curved surface or a planar shape. Thereby, it becomes easy to introduce | transduce lubricating oil into the groove | channel of a valve body through a chamfering part, and generation | occurrence | production of abnormal noise can be prevented more reliably.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even when the valve body is formed of a material having a relatively large friction coefficient, it is possible to prevent the generation of abnormal noise when the valve body slides.

It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the four-way selector valve concerning this invention, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is the sectional view on the AA line of (a). It is a figure which shows the valve body of the four-way selector valve of FIG. 1, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a bottom view. It is a figure which shows the valve body of the four-way selector valve of FIG. 1, and its periphery, Comprising: (a) is an enlarged view of FIG.1 (b), (b) is the contact surface with the valve seat of a valve body, and its periphery. The expanded sectional view shown, (c) is the principal part enlarged view of (a). It is a figure which shows the other example of the valve body of the four-way selector valve concerning this invention, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a bottom view. It is a figure which shows the other example of the valve body of the four-way selector valve concerning this invention, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing, (b) is a bottom view. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the conventional four-way switching valve.

  Next, an embodiment of a four-way switching valve according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the case where the four-way switching valve according to the present invention is used for switching the refrigerant passage of the refrigeration cycle system will be described as an example.

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a four-way switching valve according to the present invention. The four-way switching valve 1 has the same basic configuration as the conventional four-way switching valve 50 shown in FIG. The valve body 2 is connected to an opening 5 communicating with a first conduit 4 into which high-pressure refrigerant from a compressor (not shown) flows, and a second pipe through which low-pressure refrigerant flows out. An opening 7 communicating with the conduit 6 is provided, and two openings 12 and 13 communicating with the third and fourth conduits 10 and 11 to the heat exchanger (not shown) are disposed on both sides of the opening 7. A bowl-shaped valve body 14 is slidably provided on the valve seat 15.

  The valve body 14 is formed of nylon or the like. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the valve body 14 surrounds the bulging portion 14b and the bulging portion 14b that form a fluid circulation space 14a on the inside, And a plurality of grooves 14e in the portion of the flange portion 14c excluding the seal surface 14d for forming a sealed space in cooperation with the valve seat 15 in the sliding direction of the valve body 14. It is extended to. Reinforcing pins 14f for increasing the mechanical strength of the bulging portion 14b are attached to the opposing inner surfaces of the lower portion of the bulging portion 14b.

  The valve seat 15 is formed of brass or the like, and has openings 7, 12, 13 communicating with the second to fourth conduits 6, 10, 11 inside the valve body 2, as shown in FIG. 1.

  Inside the valve body 2, a piston 16 is provided between the valve seat 15 and the plug body 2a, and a piston 17 is provided between the valve seat 15 and the plug body 2b. 18 is formed. The pistons 16 and 17 are connected by a connecting plate 19 so as to be integrally movable. A working chamber 20 formed between the piston 16 and the plug 2a and a working chamber 21 formed between the piston 17 and the plug 2b are connected to a four-way switching pilot valve (not shown) via a conduit. It is connected. By interposing the pilot valve between the working chambers 20 and 21, when one of the working chambers 20 and 21 communicates with the first conduit 4 on the high-pressure side through the conduit, the other working chamber connects the conduit with the conduit. It is comprised so that it may communicate with the 2nd conduit | pipe 6 of a low voltage | pressure side via this.

  In the four-way switching valve 1 having the above-described configuration, for example, during the cooling shown in FIG. 1, the high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor flows from the first conduit 4 to the third conduit 10, and from the fourth conduit 11 to the second conduit 6. A low-pressure refrigerant flows.

  In order to switch from cooling to heating, for example, by energizing and exciting the pilot valve, the pressure in the working chamber 21 gradually decreases, and the piston 17 gradually moves to the plug body 2b side by the pressure in the high-pressure chamber 18, The piston 17 reaches the plug 2b without giving an impact to the plug 2b. Thereby, the valve body 14 moves rightward and covers the opening 7 and the opening 12, and the refrigerant flow is reversed and the heating operation is performed.

  In the switching from cooling to heating and vice versa, the valve element 14 slides on the valve seat 15, but the sliding direction of the valve element 14 on the contact surface excluding the seal surface 14 d of the valve element 14. Since a large number of grooves 14e are extended, the lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant is easily introduced into the contact surface between the valve body 14 and the valve seat 15. As a result, an oil film can be secured on the contact surface between the valve body 14 and the valve seat 15, adsorption between them can be prevented, and abnormal noise can be prevented. Moreover, since the groove 14e is not formed in the sealing surface 14d of the valve body 14, the leakage of the refrigerant can be prevented without deteriorating the sealing performance between the valve body 14 and the valve seat 15.

  Next, another example of the valve body 14 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The valve body 24 shown in FIG. 4 is formed of nylon or the like, similar to the valve body 14 shown in FIG. 2, and surrounds the bulging portion 24b, which forms a fluid circulation space 24a inside, and the bulging portion 24b. A flange portion 24c that slides on the valve seat 15, and a plurality of grooves 24e extending in the sliding direction of the valve body 24 in a portion excluding the seal surface 24d of the flange portion 24c. Reinforcing pins 24f are attached to the opposing inner surfaces.

  The valve body 24 is different from the valve body 14 in that a corner 24g below the flange 24c is chamfered into a curved surface. Thereby, it becomes easy to introduce lubricating oil into the groove 24e of the valve body 24 through the chamfered corner portion 24g, and an oil film is secured on the contact surface between the valve body 24 and the valve seat 15 to prevent adsorption between the two. Generation of abnormal noise can be prevented more reliably.

  The valve body 34 shown in FIG. 5 is formed of nylon or the like, like the valve body 14 and the valve body 24 shown in FIG. 2, and a bulging portion 34 b that forms a fluid circulation space 34 a inside, and a bulging portion. 34b surrounds 34b and slides on the valve seat 15, and a large number of grooves 34e are extended in the sliding direction of the valve body 34 in the portion excluding the seal surface 34d of the flange 34c. A reinforcing pin 34f is attached to the opposing inner surfaces of the lower portion of the protruding portion 34b.

  The valve body 34 differs from the valve body 14 and the valve body 24 in that a corner 34g below the flange 34c is chamfered in a planar shape. Thereby, it becomes easy to introduce lubricating oil into the groove 34e of the valve body 34 through the chamfered corner portion 34g, and an oil film is secured on the contact surface between the valve body 34 and the valve seat 15 to prevent adsorption between them. Generation of abnormal noise can be prevented more reliably.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Four-way switching valve 2 Valve main body 2a Plug body 2b Plug body 4 1st conduit | pipe 5 Opening part 6 2nd conduit | pipe 7 Opening part 10 3rd conduit | pipe 11 and 4th conduits 12 and 13 Opening part 14 14c flange 14d seal surface 14e groove 14f reinforcing pin 15 valve seat 16, 17 piston 18 high pressure chamber 19 connecting plate 20, 21 working chamber 24 valve body 24a flow space 24b bulging portion 24c flange 24d seal surface 24e groove 24f reinforcing pin 24g Corner portion 34 Valve body 34a Flow space 34b Swelling portion 34c Gutter portion 34d Seal surface 34e Groove 34f Reinforcement pin 34g Corner portion

Claims (2)

A valve body having a sealed space, a first conduit connected to one side of the valve body and communicating with the sealed space, and a second conduit connected to the other side of the valve body and communicating with the sealed space A third and a fourth conduit that are arranged adjacent to each other on both sides of the second conduit and communicate with the sealed space, and an opening that communicates with each of the second to fourth conduits in the valve body. A valve seat having a portion, and a valve body slidably disposed on the valve seat, and by sliding the valve body in one direction or the other direction, the first conduit and the third conduit Or a four-way switching valve that selectively switches the communication state between the first conduit and the fourth conduit,
Of the contact surface of the valve body with the valve seat, a groove is extended in the sliding direction of the valve body in a portion excluding a seal surface for forming a sealed space in cooperation with the valve seat. A four-way switching valve characterized by that.   The valve body has a bulging portion that forms a fluid circulation space inside, and a flange portion that surrounds the bulging portion and slides on the valve seat, and the groove extends in the flange portion. The corner portion facing the valve seat is chamfered in a curved surface shape or a planar shape, and is positioned at an open end portion of the flange portion in the valve body sliding direction. Four-way switching valve.

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