JP2009068695A - Selector valve, and reversible cycle refrigerator - Google Patents

Selector valve, and reversible cycle refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2009068695A
JP2009068695A JP2008196701A JP2008196701A JP2009068695A JP 2009068695 A JP2009068695 A JP 2009068695A JP 2008196701 A JP2008196701 A JP 2008196701A JP 2008196701 A JP2008196701 A JP 2008196701A JP 2009068695 A JP2009068695 A JP 2009068695A
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valve
valve body
packing
piston
pipes
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JP2009068695A5 (en
Inventor
Takashi Maejima
隆 前嶋
Hideki Sekiguchi
英樹 関口
Hideki Minamizawa
英樹 南澤
Michiaki Ono
道明 大野
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Saginomiya Seisakusho Inc
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Saginomiya Seisakusho Inc
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Priority to JP2008196701A priority Critical patent/JP2009068695A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a selector valve capable of smoothly moving a valve element changing over a flow between pipes, and a reversible cycle refrigerator. <P>SOLUTION: An air conditioner as this reversible cycle refrigerator is provided with the selector valve 2. The selector valve 2 is provided with a valve body with a plurality of pipes attached thereto, and a piston body 7. The piston body 7 is provided with: a piston main body 17 housed in the valve body movably along the axis of the valve body; packing 18 arranged at both ends of the piston main body 17 and sealing a part between the valve body and itself; and the valve element arranged at the center of the piston main body 17 and changing flows among the plurality of pipes. The packing 18 has an inclined part 28 formed into an annular shape, and inclined in a direction gradually coming close to the inner surface of a cylindrical part of the valve body as its cross-sectional shape approaches the end of the valve body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、例えば、可逆サイクル冷凍装置の冷暖房を切り換える切換弁及びこの切換弁を備えた可逆サイクル冷凍装置に関する。   The present invention relates to, for example, a switching valve that switches between cooling and heating of a reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus and a reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus including the switching valve.

従来、冷房と暖房とが切り換え可能な可逆サイクル冷凍装置としての空気調和機では、圧縮機と、凝縮器又は蒸発器として用いられる二つの熱交換器と、これら圧縮機と二つの熱交換器との間の冷媒の流れる流路を切り換える切換弁（図１２及び図１３に示す）１００とを備えている。   Conventionally, in an air conditioner as a reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus that can be switched between cooling and heating, a compressor, two heat exchangers used as a condenser or an evaporator, these compressors and two heat exchangers, And a switching valve (shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13) 100 that switches the flow path of the refrigerant.

図１２及び図１３に例示された切換弁１００は、円筒状の弁本体１０１と、当該弁本体１０１内に収容されたピストン体１０２とを備えている。弁本体１０１には、図１２中の上方に配管１０３が一つ取り付けられ、図１２中の下方に配管１０３が三つ取り付けられている。これら三つの配管１０３は、互いに平行に並べられている。また、弁本体１０１は、その両端が栓体１０４によって塞がれている。弁本体１０１には、弁本体１０１の内外を連通する弁座１０５が設けられている。   The switching valve 100 illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13 includes a cylindrical valve body 101 and a piston body 102 accommodated in the valve body 101. One valve 103 is attached to the valve body 101 in the upper part in FIG. 12, and three pipes 103 are attached to the lower part in FIG. These three pipes 103 are arranged in parallel to each other. Further, both ends of the valve body 101 are closed by plugs 104. The valve body 101 is provided with a valve seat 105 that communicates the inside and outside of the valve body 101.

ピストン体１０２は、ピストン本体１０６と、一対のパッキン１０７と、一つの弁体１０８とを備えている。ピストン本体１０６は、弁本体１０１の軸芯に沿って移動自在に当該弁本体１０１内に収容されている。パッキン１０７は、ピストン本体１０６の両端部に設けられ、かつ弁本体１０１の内面で、パッキン１０７で仕切られるパッキン１０７の両側に位置する空間の間をシールする。弁体１０８は、ピストン本体１０６の中央部に設けられ、かつ前記複数の配管１０３間の流れ方向（即ち、流れ）を変更可能にする。   The piston body 102 includes a piston main body 106, a pair of packings 107, and a single valve body 108. The piston body 106 is accommodated in the valve body 101 so as to be movable along the axis of the valve body 101. The packing 107 is provided at both ends of the piston body 106 and seals between the spaces located on both sides of the packing 107 partitioned by the packing 107 on the inner surface of the valve body 101. The valve body 108 is provided in the central portion of the piston main body 106 and allows the flow direction (that is, the flow) between the plurality of pipes 103 to be changed.

パッキン１０７は、円板状に形成されている。パッキン１０７は、弁本体１０１の軸芯方向の中央に向かうにしたがって徐々に弁本体１０１の内面に近づく方向に傾斜した傾斜部１０９を全周に亘って設けている。パッキン１０７は、傾斜部１０９が弾性を有する薄い板金で構成された板ばね１１０によって弁本体１０１の内面に向かって付勢されている。パッキン１０７は、傾斜部１０９が弁本体１０１の内面に密に接触して、当該弁本体１０１の内面との間を流体密に保つ。   The packing 107 is formed in a disk shape. The packing 107 is provided with an inclined portion 109 that is inclined in a direction gradually approaching the inner surface of the valve body 101 as it goes toward the center of the valve body 101 in the axial direction. The packing 107 is urged toward the inner surface of the valve main body 101 by a leaf spring 110 having an inclined portion 109 made of a thin metal plate having elasticity. In the packing 107, the inclined portion 109 is in close contact with the inner surface of the valve main body 101 to keep fluid tightness with the inner surface of the valve main body 101.

前述した構成の切換弁１００は、電磁石を有したパイロット弁１１１を有し、当該電磁石のコイルに電圧を印加されるか否かで、弁本体１０１の両端部とパッキン１０７との間の圧力差が変更されて、ピストン体１０２が移動する。具体的には、弁本体１０１の一方の端部と一対のパッキン１０７の一方のパッキン１０７との間の圧力を高くし、かつ弁本体１０１の他方の端部と一対のパッキン１０７の他方のパッキン１０７との間の圧力を低くすることで、ピストン体１０２が前述した他方の端部に近づく方向に移動させ、また、弁本体１０１の他方の端部と一対のパッキン１０７の他方のパッキン１０７との間の圧力を高くし、かつ弁本体１０１の一方の端部と一対のパッキン１０７の一方のパッキン１０７との間の圧力を低くすることで、ピストン体１０２が前述した一方の端部に近づく方向に移動させることで、ピストン体１０２が弁本体１０１内を移動する。切換弁１００は、ピストン体１０２が移動することで、弁体１０８が複数の配管１０３の冷媒の流れ方向を変更して、空気調和機の冷暖房を切り換える。   The switching valve 100 having the above-described configuration includes a pilot valve 111 having an electromagnet, and a pressure difference between both ends of the valve body 101 and the packing 107 depending on whether a voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnet. Is changed, and the piston body 102 moves. Specifically, the pressure between one end of the valve main body 101 and one packing 107 of the pair of packings 107 is increased, and the other end of the valve main body 101 and the other packing of the pair of packings 107 are increased. The pressure between the piston body 102 and the other end portion of the valve body 101 and the other packing 107 of the pair of packings 107 is reduced by reducing the pressure between the piston body 102 and the other end portion. And the pressure between one end of the valve body 101 and one packing 107 of the pair of packings 107 is reduced, so that the piston body 102 approaches the one end described above. The piston body 102 moves in the valve body 101 by moving in the direction. In the switching valve 100, the piston body 102 moves, so that the valve body 108 changes the flow direction of the refrigerant in the plurality of pipes 103 and switches between cooling and heating of the air conditioner.

前述した従来の空気調和機の切換弁１００は、弁本体１０１の一方の端部と一対のパッ
キン１０７の一方のパッキン１０７との間の圧力を高くし、かつ弁本体１０１の他方の端部と一対のパッキン１０７の他方のパッキン１０７との間の圧力を低くすることで、ピストン体１０２が前述した他方の端部に近づく方向に移動させ、また、弁本体１０１の他方の端部と一対のパッキン１０７の他方のパッキン１０７との間の圧力を高くし、かつ弁本体１０１の一方の端部と一対のパッキン１０７の一方のパッキン１０７との間の圧力を低くすることで、ピストン体１０２が前述した一方の端部に近づく方向に移動させることで、ピストン体１０２が弁本体１０１内を移動する。また、ピストン体１０２のパッキン１０７の傾斜部１０９が前述した方向に傾斜している。 In the conventional air conditioner switching valve 100 described above, the pressure between one end of the valve main body 101 and one packing 107 of the pair of packings 107 is increased, and the other end of the valve main body 101 is By reducing the pressure between the other packing 107 of the pair of packings 107, the piston body 102 is moved in the direction approaching the other end described above, and the other end of the valve body 101 is paired with the pair of packings 107. By increasing the pressure between the other packing 107 of the packing 107 and decreasing the pressure between one end of the valve body 101 and one packing 107 of the pair of packings 107, the piston body 102 is The piston body 102 moves in the valve body 101 by moving in the direction approaching the one end described above. Further, the inclined portion 109 of the packing 107 of the piston body 102 is inclined in the above-described direction.

一方、ピストン体１０２と一対のパッキン１０７とで囲まれた空間は常に圧縮機の吐出側高圧に連通しており、パッキン１０７は、圧縮した吐出側高圧冷媒が吸入側低圧流れることを防止するためにシール性を必要とする。   On the other hand, the space surrounded by the piston body 102 and the pair of packings 107 is always in communication with the discharge-side high pressure of the compressor, and the packing 107 prevents the compressed discharge-side high-pressure refrigerant from flowing through the suction-side low pressure. It needs a sealing property.

このため、ピストン体１０２の一対のパッキン１０７間の圧力によって、当該ピストン体１０７の移動方向の前側のパッキン１０７の傾斜部１０９が拡がる方向に押圧される。   For this reason, the pressure between the pair of packings 107 of the piston body 102 is pressed in a direction in which the inclined portion 109 of the packing 107 on the front side in the moving direction of the piston body 107 expands.

したがって、ピストン体１０２が移動する際に、当該ピストン体１０２の移動方向の前側のパッキン１０７の傾斜部１０９が拡げられるので摺動抵抗が増加し、当該ピストン体１０２の移動を妨げることになるとともに、パッキン１０７は圧力差による大きな荷重を受ける。よって、従来の切換弁１００は、ピストン体１０２の移動をスムーズに行うことが困難となって、スムーズに配管１０３間の流れを切り換えることが困難であった。また、パッキン１０７のシール部は圧力差による大きな荷重下での切り換え動作の繰り返しにより損傷を受けて、耐久性が劣るという問題があった。   Therefore, when the piston body 102 moves, the inclined portion 109 of the packing 107 on the front side in the moving direction of the piston body 102 is expanded, so that the sliding resistance increases and the movement of the piston body 102 is prevented. The packing 107 receives a large load due to a pressure difference. Therefore, in the conventional switching valve 100, it is difficult to smoothly move the piston body 102, and it is difficult to smoothly switch the flow between the pipes 103. Further, the seal portion of the packing 107 is damaged due to repeated switching operation under a large load due to a pressure difference, and there is a problem that durability is inferior.

したがって、本発明の目的は、配管間の流れを切り換える弁体をスムーズに移動させることができ、また、パッキンの耐久性を向上させることができる切換弁及び可逆サイクル冷凍装置を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a switching valve and a reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus that can smoothly move a valve body that switches the flow between pipes and that can improve the durability of the packing. .

前記課題を解決し目的を達成するために、請求項１に記載の本発明の切換弁は、複数の配管が取り付けられた筒状の弁本体と、前記弁本体の軸芯に沿って移動自在に当該弁本体内に収容されたピストン本体と、前記ピストン本体の両端部に設けられて弁本体に接触するパッキンと、前記ピストン本体の中央部に設けられて前記複数の配管間の流れを変更する弁体と、を備えたピストン体と、を備え、前記ピストン体が前記弁本体の軸芯に沿って移動することで前記弁体が前記複数の配管間の流れを変更する切換弁において、前記パッキンが、環状に形成され、かつその断面形が前記弁本体の端に向かうにしたがって徐々に弁本体の内面に近づく方向に傾斜した傾斜部を備えていることを特徴としている。   In order to solve the problems and achieve the object, the switching valve according to the first aspect of the present invention is a cylindrical valve body to which a plurality of pipes are attached, and is movable along the axis of the valve body. The piston main body housed in the valve main body, the packing provided at both ends of the piston main body to contact the valve main body, and the flow between the plurality of pipes provided at the central portion of the piston main body are changed. A switching body in which the valve body changes a flow between the plurality of pipes by moving the piston body along an axis of the valve body. The packing is characterized in that it is formed in an annular shape and has an inclined portion that is inclined in a direction in which its cross-sectional shape gradually approaches the inner surface of the valve body as it goes toward the end of the valve body.

請求項２に記載の本発明の切換弁は、請求項１に記載の切換弁において、前記弁本体の両端部には、当該弁本体の内外を連通する弁座が設けられ、かつ、前記ピストン本体の両端部には、前記弁本体の端部に近づくと、前記弁座に密に接触して、当該弁座を塞ぐ第２弁体が設けられていることを特徴としている。   A switching valve according to a second aspect of the present invention is the switching valve according to the first aspect, wherein both end portions of the valve body are provided with valve seats communicating with the inside and the outside of the valve body, and the piston At both ends of the main body, there is provided a second valve body that comes into close contact with the valve seat and closes the valve seat when approaching the end of the valve main body.

請求項３に記載の本発明の切換弁は、請求項１又は請求項２に記載の切換弁において、前記ピストン本体の両端部には、前記パッキンの前記傾斜部が前記弁本体の内面から離れすぎることを規制する規制部材が取り付けられていることを特徴としている。   A switching valve according to a third aspect of the present invention is the switching valve according to the first or second aspect, wherein the inclined portion of the packing is separated from the inner surface of the valve main body at both ends of the piston main body. It is characterized in that a restricting member for restricting excessiveness is attached.

請求項４に記載の本発明の可逆サイクル冷凍装置は、圧縮機と、当該圧縮機と連結された熱交換器と、これらの圧縮機及び熱交換器と連結された切換弁とを備えた可逆サイクル冷凍装置において、前記切換弁として、請求項１乃至請求項３のうちいずれか一項に記載
の切換弁を備えたことを特徴としている。 A reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a compressor, a heat exchanger connected to the compressor, and a switching valve connected to the compressor and the heat exchanger. In the cycle refrigeration apparatus, the switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is provided as the switching valve.

請求項１に記載された本発明によれば、パッキンの傾斜部が、弁本体の端に近づくのにしたがって徐々に弁本体の内面に近づく方向に傾斜しているので、ピストン体の移動方向の前側に位置するパッキンの傾斜部が、当該ピストン体が移動する際に収縮される方向に押圧される。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the inclined portion of the packing is gradually inclined toward the inner surface of the valve body as it approaches the end of the valve body. The inclined portion of the packing located on the front side is pressed in a direction in which it is contracted when the piston body moves.

請求項２に記載された本発明によれば、ピストン本体の両端部に、弁本体の両端部に設けられた弁座を塞ぐ第２弁体が設けられているので、ピストン体が、第２弁体が弁座を塞ぐ所定の位置で確実に位置決めされる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the second valve body for closing the valve seats provided at both ends of the valve body is provided at both ends of the piston body, the piston body is The valve body is reliably positioned at a predetermined position where the valve seat closes the valve seat.

請求項３に記載された本発明によれば、傾斜部が弁本体の内面から離れすぎることを規制する規制部材を備えているので、傾斜部が塑性変形することを防止できる。   According to the third aspect of the present invention, the restricting member for restricting the inclined portion from being separated from the inner surface of the valve main body is provided, so that the inclined portion can be prevented from being plastically deformed.

請求項４に記載された本発明によれば、前述した切換弁を備えているので、切換弁のピストン体の移動方向の前側に位置するパッキンの傾斜部が、当該ピストン体が移動する際に収縮される方向に押圧される。   According to the present invention described in claim 4, since the switching valve described above is provided, the inclined portion of the packing located on the front side in the moving direction of the piston body of the switching valve is moved when the piston body moves. Pressed in the direction of contraction.

以上説明したように請求項１に記載の本発明は、ピストン体の移動方向の前側に位置するパッキンの傾斜部が、当該ピストン体が移動する際に収縮される方向に押圧されるので、当該前側のパッキンがピストン体の移動を妨げることがない。したがって、ピストン体即ち弁体をスムーズに移動させることができ、配管間の流れの切り換えをスムーズに行うことができる。さらに、背景技術の欄で説明した従来例では、パッキンにシール性を必要としていたが、本発明では、第２弁体がシールするので、パッキンのシール性を軽減でき、パッキンの耐久性が向上する。   As described above, in the present invention according to claim 1, the inclined portion of the packing located on the front side in the moving direction of the piston body is pressed in a direction to be contracted when the piston body moves. The front packing does not hinder the movement of the piston body. Therefore, the piston body, that is, the valve body can be moved smoothly, and the flow between the pipes can be switched smoothly. Further, in the conventional example described in the background art section, the sealability is required for the packing. However, in the present invention, since the second valve body seals, the sealing performance of the packing can be reduced and the durability of the packing is improved. To do.

請求項２に記載の本発明は、ピストン体を第２弁体が弁座を塞ぐ所定の位置で確実に位置決めできるので、弁体が、配管間の流れを確実に切り換えることができる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the piston body can be reliably positioned at a predetermined position where the second valve body closes the valve seat, the valve body can reliably switch the flow between the pipes.

請求項３に記載の本発明は、傾斜部が塑性変形することを防止できるので、傾斜部即ちパッキンの破損を防止できる。   According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the inclined portion can be prevented from being plastically deformed, the inclined portion, that is, the packing can be prevented from being damaged.

請求項４に記載の本発明は、前述した切換弁を備えているので、可逆サイクル冷凍装置の冷媒の流れをスムーズに切り換えられる。   Since the present invention according to claim 4 includes the switching valve described above, the flow of the refrigerant in the reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus can be smoothly switched.

以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る切換弁及びこの切換弁を備えた可逆サイクル冷凍装置としての空気調和機を、図１乃至図１０を参照して説明する。   Hereinafter, a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present invention and an air conditioner as a reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus including the switching valve will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

本実施形態にかかる空気調和機１は、例えば、冷媒（流体に相当する）として二酸化炭素を用いるものである。空気調和機１では、冷媒としての二酸化炭素は、後述する圧縮機４によって、例えば、約１０ＭＰａの圧力まで圧縮される。空気調和機１は、図１及び図２に示すように、切換弁２と、パイロット弁３と、圧縮機４と、二つの熱交換器５と、膨張弁４０とを備えている。   The air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment uses, for example, carbon dioxide as a refrigerant (corresponding to a fluid). In the air conditioner 1, carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is compressed to a pressure of, for example, about 10 MPa by a compressor 4 described later. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the air conditioner 1 includes a switching valve 2, a pilot valve 3, a compressor 4, two heat exchangers 5, and an expansion valve 40.

切換弁２は、図１及び図２に示すように、弁本体６と、ピストン体７とを備えている。弁本体６は、円筒部８と、二つの端部キャップ９と、複数の配管１０と、弁板１１と、を備えている。円筒部８は、勿論、内外径が一定の円筒状に形成されている。端部キャップ９は、それぞれ、円板状に形成され、円筒部８の端部に溶接により取り付けられて、当該
端部を塞いでいる。端部キャップ９には、当該端部キャップ９の中央を貫通した抽排気管１２が取り付けられている。この抽排気管１２の円筒部８の内側の端部１２ａは、特許請求の範囲に記載された弁座となっている。このため、弁本体６は、その両端部それぞれに弁座を設けている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the switching valve 2 includes a valve body 6 and a piston body 7. The valve body 6 includes a cylindrical portion 8, two end caps 9, a plurality of pipes 10, and a valve plate 11. Of course, the cylindrical portion 8 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a constant inner and outer diameter. Each of the end caps 9 is formed in a disk shape, and is attached to the end of the cylindrical portion 8 by welding to close the end. A bleed exhaust pipe 12 that passes through the center of the end cap 9 is attached to the end cap 9. An inner end 12a of the cylindrical portion 8 of the extraction pipe 12 serves as a valve seat described in the claims. For this reason, the valve body 6 is provided with valve seats at both ends thereof.

配管１０は、図示例では、四つ設けられている。四つの配管１０は、それぞれ、弁本体６の円筒部８の軸芯（長手）方向の中央部に取り付けられて、当該円筒部８の内外を連通している。これらの配管１０は、弁本体６の円筒部８の外周面から外周方向に直線状に延在した格好に配置されている。四つの配管１０のうち三つの配管１０（以下、符号１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃで示す）は、互いに平行でかつ円筒部８即ち弁本体６の軸芯（長手）方向に沿って、互いに間隔をあけて配置されている。残りの一つの配管１０（以下、符号１０ｄで示す）は、図示例では、前記三つの配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃのうちの中央の配管１０ｂと、円筒部８即ち弁本体６の軸芯を挟んで相対している。   In the illustrated example, four pipes 10 are provided. Each of the four pipes 10 is attached to the central portion of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 in the axial center (longitudinal) direction, and communicates the inside and the outside of the cylindrical portion 8. These pipes 10 are arranged in a fashion extending linearly from the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 in the outer peripheral direction. Of the four pipes 10, three pipes 10 (hereinafter denoted by reference numerals 10a, 10b, and 10c) are parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other along the axial direction (longitudinal) direction of the cylindrical portion 8, that is, the valve body 6. Are arranged. In the illustrated example, the remaining one pipe 10 (hereinafter denoted by reference numeral 10d) sandwiches the center pipe 10b of the three pipes 10a, 10b, and 10c and the cylindrical portion 8, that is, the axis of the valve body 6. It is relative.

前記配管１０ｂ，１０ｄは、圧縮機４を介して、互いに導管１３によって連結されている。また、前記配管１０ａ，１０ｃは、二つの熱交換器５，５にそれぞれ導管１５によって連結され、かつ前記二つの熱交換器５，５は膨張弁４０を介して導管１４によって連結されている。   The pipes 10 b and 10 d are connected to each other by a conduit 13 through the compressor 4. The pipes 10 a and 10 c are connected to two heat exchangers 5 and 5 by a conduit 15, respectively, and the two heat exchangers 5 and 5 are connected by a conduit 14 via an expansion valve 40.

弁板１１は、厚手の平板状に形成されて、弁本体６の円筒部８の内周面の中央部に取り付けられている。弁板１１には、前記三つの配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃそれぞれと連通した弁座口１６が設けられている。   The valve plate 11 is formed in a thick flat plate shape and is attached to the central portion of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. The valve plate 11 is provided with a valve seat port 16 communicating with each of the three pipes 10a, 10b, 10c.

ピストン体７は、弁本体６内に収容されており、弁本体６の円筒部８よりも短く形成されているとともに、図１及び図２に示すように、ピストン本体１７と、弁体２１と、一対のピストン５０を備えている。ピストン５０は、円板部２４と、規制部材１８と、パッキン１９と、付勢手段としての板ばね２０と、一対の第２弁体としての玉２２とを備えている。ピストン本体１７は、平板部２３を備え、この平板部２３は、長手方向が弁本体６の円筒部８と平行な帯板状に形成されている。ピストン５０は、平板部２３の長手方向の両端にねじ２６によって、取り付けられている。   The piston body 7 is accommodated in the valve body 6, is formed shorter than the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a piston body 17, a valve body 21, A pair of pistons 50 is provided. The piston 50 includes a disc portion 24, a regulating member 18, a packing 19, a leaf spring 20 as a biasing means, and a ball 22 as a pair of second valve bodies. The piston main body 17 includes a flat plate portion 23, and the flat plate portion 23 is formed in a band plate shape whose longitudinal direction is parallel to the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve main body 6. The piston 50 is attached to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the flat plate portion 23 by screws 26.

規制部材１８は、それぞれ、厚手でかつ円板部２４と略同径の円板状に形成されている。規制部材１８は、円板部２４と同軸に配置されている。規制部材１８は、円板部２４に重ねられて、当該円板部２４にリベット２５によって固定されている。規制部材１８は、その外周面に板ばね２０を介してパッキン１９の後述する傾斜部２８が当接することがある。規制部材１８は、傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れ過ぎることを規制して、当該傾斜部２８及び板ばね２０が塑性変形することを規制する。   Each of the regulating members 18 is thick and is formed in a disk shape having the same diameter as the disk portion 24. The restricting member 18 is disposed coaxially with the disc portion 24. The restricting member 18 is stacked on the disc portion 24 and is fixed to the disc portion 24 with a rivet 25. The regulating member 18 may come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inclined portion 28 (described later) of the packing 19 via the leaf spring 20. The restricting member 18 restricts the inclined portion 28 from being too far from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 and restricts the inclined portion 28 and the leaf spring 20 from being plastically deformed.

パッキン１９は、合成樹脂で構成され、図４に示すように、円板状の円板部２７と、傾斜部２８とを一体に備えている。円板部２７は、その外径が、円板部２４及び規制部材１８と略同径である。円板部２７即ちパッキン１９は、円板部２４と規制部材１８との双方と同軸に配置され、かつこれらの間に挟まれて、前記リベット２５によって、円板部２４と規制部材１８との双方と固定されている。   The packing 19 is made of synthetic resin, and integrally includes a disk-shaped disk part 27 and an inclined part 28 as shown in FIG. The outer diameter of the disk part 27 is substantially the same as that of the disk part 24 and the regulating member 18. The disc portion 27, that is, the packing 19 is disposed coaxially with both the disc portion 24 and the restricting member 18, and is sandwiched between them, so that the disc portion 24 and the restricting member 18 are separated by the rivets 25. It is fixed with both sides.

傾斜部２８は、円環状（即ち環状）に形成され、かつ円板部２７の外縁の全周に亘って設けられている。傾斜部２８は、円板部２４の外縁から弁本体６の端と弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に向かって延在している。即ち、傾斜部２８は、その断面形が弁本体６の端に向かうにしたがって徐々に弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に近づく方向に、前記弁本体６の軸芯方向と径方向との双方に対して傾斜している。   The inclined portion 28 is formed in an annular shape (that is, in an annular shape) and is provided over the entire circumference of the outer edge of the disc portion 27. The inclined portion 28 extends from the outer edge of the disc portion 24 toward the end of the valve body 6 and the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. That is, the inclined portion 28 has both the axial direction and the radial direction of the valve main body 6 in a direction in which the cross-sectional shape gradually approaches the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve main body 6 as the cross-sectional shape approaches the end of the valve main body 6. It is inclined with respect to.

パッキン１９は、傾斜部２８の円板部２７から離れた側の端が、弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に接離するように、弾性変形自在となっている。また、パッキン１９は、弁本体６の円筒部８に組み込まれた状態では、傾斜部２８の円板部２７から離れた側の端が、全周に亘って、弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に密に接触して、当該弁本体６の円筒部８の内面との間を流体密（即ち、気密、液密）に保つ。このように、パッキン１９は、ピストン本体１７の両端部に設けられて、弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に接触する。   The packing 19 is elastically deformable so that the end of the inclined portion 28 on the side away from the disc portion 27 contacts and separates from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. Further, when the packing 19 is incorporated in the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6, the end of the inclined portion 28 on the side away from the disc portion 27 extends over the entire circumference of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. The inner surface of the valve main body 6 is in close contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 so as to be fluid-tight (that is, airtight or liquid-tight). As described above, the packing 19 is provided at both ends of the piston body 17 and contacts the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6.

板ばね２０は、弾性変形自在な薄手の板金で構成され、円板状の円板部２９と、傾斜付勢部３０とを一体に備えている。円板部２９は、その外径が、円板部２４，２７及び規制部材１８と略同径である。円板部２９即ち板ばね２０は、円板部２４，２７と規制部材１８との全てと同軸に配置され、かつ規制部材１８とパッキン１９の円板部２７との間に挟まれて、前記リベット２５によって、円板部２４，２７と規制部材１８との全てと固定されている。   The leaf spring 20 is formed of a thin metal plate that can be elastically deformed, and includes a disc-shaped disc portion 29 and an inclined biasing portion 30 integrally. The outer diameter of the disc portion 29 is substantially the same as that of the disc portions 24 and 27 and the regulating member 18. The disc portion 29, that is, the leaf spring 20, is disposed coaxially with all of the disc portions 24 and 27 and the regulating member 18, and is sandwiched between the regulating member 18 and the disc portion 27 of the packing 19. The rivets 25 are fixed to all the disk portions 24 and 27 and the regulating member 18.

傾斜付勢部３０は、円環状（即ち環状）に形成され、かつ円板部２９の外縁の全周に亘って設けられている。傾斜付勢部３０は、円板部２９の外縁から弁本体６の端と弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に向かって延在している。即ち、傾斜付勢部３０は、その断面形が弁本体６の端に向かうにしたがって徐々に弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に近づく方向に、前記弁本体６の軸芯方向と径方向との双方に対して傾斜している。   The inclined urging portion 30 is formed in an annular shape (that is, in an annular shape) and is provided over the entire circumference of the outer edge of the disc portion 29. The inclined urging portion 30 extends from the outer edge of the disc portion 29 toward the end of the valve body 6 and the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. That is, the inclined biasing portion 30 is formed so that its axial shape gradually approaches the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 as its cross-sectional shape approaches the end of the valve body 6. Inclined with respect to both.

板ばね２０は、傾斜付勢部３０の円板部２９から離れた側の端が、パッキン１９の傾斜部２８を介して、この傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に接離するように、弾性変形自在となっている。また、板ばね２０は、弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れるパッキン１９の傾斜部２８を、弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に向かって付勢する弾性復元力を生じる。板ばね２０は、弁本体６の円筒部８に組み込まれた状態では、傾斜付勢部３０の円板部２９から離れた側の端が、パッキン１９の傾斜部２８を弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に向かって押圧している。   The leaf spring 20 has an end on the side away from the disc portion 29 of the inclined biasing portion 30 via the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19, and the inclined portion 28 contacts and separates from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. Thus, it is elastically deformable. Further, the leaf spring 20 generates an elastic restoring force that urges the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 that is separated from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 toward the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. When the leaf spring 20 is incorporated in the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6, the end of the inclined biasing portion 30 on the side away from the disc portion 29 causes the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 to be in the cylindrical portion of the valve body 6. 8 is pressed toward the inner surface.

弁体２１は、ピストン本体１７の平板部２３の中央部に取り付けられ、弁板１１から凹の椀状に形成されている。即ち、弁体２１は、ピストン本体１７の中央部に設けられている。弁体２１は、後述するようにピストン体７が弁本体６の長手方向に沿って移動すると、前記三つの配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃのうちの二つを互いに連通するとともに、これら三つの配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃのうちの二つとの間を流体密に保って、これらの二つと弁本体６の円筒部８の内部とを互いに遮断する。   The valve body 21 is attached to the central portion of the flat plate portion 23 of the piston body 17 and is formed in a concave bowl shape from the valve plate 11. That is, the valve body 21 is provided in the central portion of the piston body 17. As will be described later, when the piston body 7 moves along the longitudinal direction of the valve body 6, the valve body 21 communicates two of the three pipes 10a, 10b, and 10c with each other, and the three pipes 10a. , 10b and 10c are kept fluid-tight between the two and the inside of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 is blocked from each other.

このため、弁体２１は、図１に示すように、ピストン本体１７即ちピストン体７が弁本体６の円筒部８の図１中左側の端部に位置付けられると、配管１０ａ，１０ｂ同士を連通し、かつ、配管１０ｃ，１０ｄ同士を連通するとともに、配管１０ａ，１０ｂと配管１０ｃ，１０ｄとを互いに遮断する。弁体２１は、図２に示すように、ピストン本体１７即ちピストン体７が弁本体６の円筒部８の図１中右側の端部に位置付けられると、配管１０ｂ，１０ｃ同士を連通し、かつ、配管１０ａ，１０ｄ同士を連通するとともに、配管１０ｂ，１０ｃと配管１０ａ，１０ｄとを互いに遮断する。このように、弁体２１は、ピストン本体１７即ちピストン体７が弁本体６の円筒部８の軸芯に沿って移動することで、複数の配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃ，１０ｄ間の流体としての冷媒の流れ方向（即ち、流れ）を変更する。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, when the piston body 17, that is, the piston body 7 is positioned at the left end in FIG. 1 of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6, the valve body 21 communicates the pipes 10a and 10b with each other. In addition, the pipes 10c and 10d communicate with each other, and the pipes 10a and 10b and the pipes 10c and 10d are blocked from each other. As shown in FIG. 2, when the piston body 17, that is, the piston body 7 is positioned at the right end in FIG. 1 of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6, the valve body 21 communicates the pipes 10 b and 10 c, and The pipes 10a and 10d communicate with each other, and the pipes 10b and 10c and the pipes 10a and 10d are blocked from each other. As described above, the valve body 21 moves as the fluid between the plurality of pipes 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d as the piston body 17, that is, the piston body 7 moves along the axial center of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. The flow direction (that is, the flow) of the refrigerant is changed.

玉２２は、二つ設けられている。玉２２は、それぞれ、規制部材１８の中央に取り付けられ、かつ当該規制部材１８から端部キャップ９に向かって凸没自在に設けられている。また、玉２２は、図３に示すように、コイルばね３１によって、端部キャップ９から突出する方向に付勢されているとともに、図３中に符号３２で示す鉤状部によって、当該端部
キャップ９側からの脱落が規制されている。 Two balls 22 are provided. Each of the balls 22 is attached to the center of the regulating member 18 and is provided so as to be convex and concave from the regulating member 18 toward the end cap 9. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the ball 22 is urged by a coil spring 31 in a direction protruding from the end cap 9, and the end portion is supported by a hook-like portion indicated by reference numeral 32 in FIG. 3. Dropping from the cap 9 side is restricted.

玉２２は、ピストン体７が弁本体６の軸芯方向に移動して、相対する端部キャップ９に設けられた弁座としての抽排気管１２の端部１２ａに近づくと、当該端部１２ａに密に接触して、当該端部１２ａ即ち抽排気管１２を塞ぐ。   When the piston body 7 moves in the axial direction of the valve body 6 and approaches the end 12a of the bleed exhaust pipe 12 as a valve seat provided on the opposite end cap 9, the ball 22 approaches the end 12a. The end 12a, that is, the extraction exhaust pipe 12 is closed.

前述したピストン体７は、パッキン１９が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に接触することで、弁本体６内の空間を、図１及び図２中左側から順に、第１外室３３、中央室３４、第２外室３５に仕切る。また、ピストン体７のピストン本体１７は、その全長が円筒部８より短く形成されていることで、弁本体６の円筒部８の軸芯に沿って移動自在に、当該弁本体６の円筒部８内に収容されている。   In the piston body 7 described above, the packing 19 comes into contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6, so that the space in the valve body 6 is changed from the left side in FIGS. The chamber 34 and the second outer chamber 35 are partitioned. Further, the piston body 17 of the piston body 7 is formed so that its entire length is shorter than that of the cylindrical portion 8, so that the cylindrical portion of the valve body 6 can be moved along the axial center of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. 8 is housed.

パイロット弁３は、電磁石を有し、かつ前述した抽排気管１２，１２と、配管１０ｂに取り付けられた排気管３６と、配管１０ｄに取り付けられた抽気管３７とが接続されている。パイロット弁３は、電磁石のコイルに電圧を印加されるか否かで、配管１０ｄに取り付けられた抽気管３７から供給される圧縮機４によって圧縮された冷媒を、一方の抽排気管１２に供給するとともに、他方の抽排気管１２からは配管１０ｂに取り付けられた排気管３６によって圧縮機４の吸入側に排出する状態と、他方の抽排気管１２に供給するとともに、一方の抽排気管１２から排出する状態とを切り換える。即ち、パイロット弁３は、電磁石のコイルに電圧を印加されるか否かで、配管１０ｄに取り付けられた抽気管３７から供給される圧縮機４によって圧縮された冷媒を、二つの抽排気管１２，１２のうちの一方を介して、前述した外室３３，３５のうちの一方に供給するとともに、二つの抽排気管１２のうち他方を介して、前述した外室３３，３５のうちの他方から圧縮機４の吸入側に排出する。   The pilot valve 3 has an electromagnet, and is connected to the extraction pipes 12 and 12 described above, the exhaust pipe 36 attached to the pipe 10b, and the extraction pipe 37 attached to the pipe 10d. The pilot valve 3 supplies the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 4 supplied from the extraction pipe 37 attached to the pipe 10d to the one extraction pipe 12 depending on whether a voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnet. At the same time, the other extraction pipe 12 is discharged to the suction side of the compressor 4 by the exhaust pipe 36 attached to the pipe 10b, and the other extraction pipe 12 is supplied to the other extraction pipe 12. Switch to the state of discharging from. That is, the pilot valve 3 supplies the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 4 supplied from the extraction pipe 37 attached to the pipe 10d to the two extraction pipes 12 depending on whether or not a voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnet. , 12 is supplied to one of the above-described outer chambers 33, 35, and the other of the two outer chambers 33, 35 is connected to the other of the two extraction pipes 12. To the suction side of the compressor 4.

圧縮機４は、前述した配管１０ｂ，１０ｄと接続した導管１３に設けられている。二つの熱交換器５は、凝縮器（冷媒が二酸化炭素の場合は、ガスクーラ）又は蒸発器としての機能を有するとともに、一方の熱交換器５は、配管１０ａと接続した導管１５を介して切換弁２に連結され、他方の熱交換器５は、配管１０ｃと接続した導管１５を介して切換弁２に連結されている。さらに、二つの熱交換器５は、導管１４によって互いに連結されている。こうして、圧縮機４と熱交換器５，５とは、切換弁２、膨張弁４０、導管１３，１４，１５を介して互いに連結され、可逆サイクル冷凍装置である空気調和機１が構成されている。   The compressor 4 is provided in the conduit 13 connected to the pipes 10b and 10d described above. The two heat exchangers 5 function as a condenser (a gas cooler when the refrigerant is carbon dioxide) or an evaporator, and one of the heat exchangers 5 is switched via a conduit 15 connected to the pipe 10a. The other heat exchanger 5 connected to the valve 2 is connected to the switching valve 2 via a conduit 15 connected to the pipe 10c. Furthermore, the two heat exchangers 5 are connected to each other by a conduit 14. Thus, the compressor 4 and the heat exchangers 5 and 5 are connected to each other via the switching valve 2, the expansion valve 40, and the conduits 13, 14, and 15, and the air conditioner 1 that is a reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus is configured. Yes.

前述した構成の空気調和機１は、一方の熱交換器５が室外の空気と熱交換を行うように建造物などの室外に配置され、他方の熱交換器５が室内又は冷凍機内の空気と熱交換を行うように建造物などの室内に配置されている。   The air conditioner 1 having the above-described configuration is disposed outside a building or the like so that one heat exchanger 5 exchanges heat with outdoor air, and the other heat exchanger 5 is connected to the air inside the room or the refrigerator. It is arranged in a room such as a building so as to perform heat exchange.

そして、空気調和機１は、パイロット弁３の電磁石のコイルに電圧を印加されるか否かで圧縮機４によって圧縮された冷媒を、抽排気管１２を介して第１外室３３に供給する状態と、抽排気管１２を介して第２外室３５に供給する状態とが切り換えられる。空気調和機１は、ピストン体７とともに弁体２１を弁本体６の軸芯に沿って移動させて、二つの熱交換器５間の冷媒の流れ方向（即ち、流れ）を逆転させる。   And the air conditioner 1 supplies the refrigerant | coolant compressed by the compressor 4 to the 1st outer chamber 33 via the extraction pipe 12 by whether a voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnet of the pilot valve 3. The state and the state of supplying to the second outer chamber 35 via the extraction pipe 12 are switched. The air conditioner 1 moves the valve body 21 along with the piston body 7 along the axial center of the valve body 6 to reverse the refrigerant flow direction (that is, the flow) between the two heat exchangers 5.

そして、空気調和機１は、室内を冷房するときは室内に配置された熱交換器５が蒸発器として動作して室内を冷却し、室内を暖房するときは室内に配置された熱交換器５が凝縮器（冷媒が二酸化炭素の場合は、ガスクーラ）として動作して室内を暖める。このように、空気調和機１は、パイロット弁３によって、切換弁２のピストン体７とともに弁体２１を移動させて、熱交換器５，５間の冷媒の流れる方向を切り換えて、室内の冷暖房を切り換える。   In the air conditioner 1, when the room is cooled, the heat exchanger 5 disposed in the room operates as an evaporator to cool the room, and when the room is heated, the heat exchanger 5 disposed in the room. Operates as a condenser (or a gas cooler if the refrigerant is carbon dioxide) to warm the room. As described above, the air conditioner 1 moves the valve body 21 together with the piston body 7 of the switching valve 2 by the pilot valve 3 to switch the direction in which the refrigerant flows between the heat exchangers 5 and 5. Switch.

以下、前述した実施形態に記載された切換弁２の動作を説明する。まず、パイロット弁３の電磁石のコイルに電圧を印加した状態では、当該パイロット弁３が、圧縮機４の吐出側から高圧の冷媒を、抽気管３７、パイロット弁３、抽排気管１２を通して、第１外室３３内に供給するとともに、第２外室３５内の圧力は抽排気管１２、パイロット弁３、排気管３６を通して、圧縮機４の低圧吸入側に排出している。そして、図５に示すように、ピストン体７即ち弁体２１が弁本体６の図中右側の端部に位置付けられて、弁体２１が配管１０ｂ，１０ｃ同士を連結して、弁本体６内では配管１０ａ，１０ｄ同士を連結している。即ち、図５に示す状態では、第１外室３３内の冷媒は高圧に保たれ、第２外室３５内の冷媒は低圧に保たれている。   Hereinafter, the operation of the switching valve 2 described in the above-described embodiment will be described. First, in a state where a voltage is applied to the electromagnet coil of the pilot valve 3, the pilot valve 3 passes high pressure refrigerant from the discharge side of the compressor 4 through the extraction pipe 37, the pilot valve 3, and the extraction exhaust pipe 12. While being supplied into the first outer chamber 33, the pressure in the second outer chamber 35 is discharged to the low-pressure suction side of the compressor 4 through the extraction exhaust pipe 12, the pilot valve 3 and the exhaust pipe 36. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the piston body 7, that is, the valve body 21 is positioned at the right end of the valve body 6 in the figure, and the valve body 21 connects the pipes 10 b and 10 c to each other, Then, the pipes 10a and 10d are connected to each other. That is, in the state shown in FIG. 5, the refrigerant in the first outer chamber 33 is kept at a high pressure, and the refrigerant in the second outer chamber 35 is kept at a low pressure.

このような図５に示された状態で、パイロット弁３の電磁石のコイルへの印加を停止すると、当該パイロット弁３が、圧縮機４の吐出側から高圧の冷媒を、抽気管３７、パイロット弁３、抽排気管１２を通して第２外室３５内に供給するとともに、第１外室３３内の圧力は抽排気管１２、パイロット弁３、排気管３６を通して圧縮機４の低圧吸入側に排出されるため、第１外室３３内の圧力は低下する。すると、中央室３４内には常に圧縮機４の吐出側高圧冷媒が供給されているので、中央室３４内の冷媒の圧力と第１外室３３内の冷媒の圧力との差によって、中央室３４内の加圧された冷媒が図中左側のパッキン１９の傾斜部２８を、板ばね２０の弾性復元力に抗して、弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れる方向に押圧する。   When the application of the electromagnet of the pilot valve 3 to the coil of the pilot valve 3 is stopped in the state shown in FIG. 5, the pilot valve 3 supplies the high-pressure refrigerant from the discharge side of the compressor 4, the extraction pipe 37, the pilot valve 3. The pressure is supplied to the second outer chamber 35 through the extraction pipe 12 and the pressure in the first outer chamber 33 is discharged to the low pressure suction side of the compressor 4 through the extraction pipe 12, the pilot valve 3, and the exhaust pipe 36. Therefore, the pressure in the first outer chamber 33 decreases. Then, since the discharge-side high-pressure refrigerant of the compressor 4 is always supplied into the central chamber 34, the central chamber is caused by the difference between the refrigerant pressure in the central chamber 34 and the refrigerant pressure in the first outer chamber 33. The pressurized refrigerant in 34 presses the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 on the left side in the drawing in a direction away from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 against the elastic restoring force of the leaf spring 20.

すると、図６に示すように、図中左側のパッキン１９が収縮する方向即ち傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れる方向に弾性変形して、中央室３４と第１外室３３の間のパッキン１９によるシール性が低下する。しかし、第２外室３５内には、圧縮機４からの加圧された冷媒が供給されているので、ピストン体７は、図中左側に向かって移動する、そして、図７に示すように、ピストン体７が弁本体６の円筒部８の図中左側の端部に位置付けられて、当該図中左側の玉２２が弁座としての抽排気管１２の端部１２ａを塞ぐとともに、弁体２１が配管１０ａ，１０ｂ同士を連結して、弁本体６内では配管１０ｃ，１０ｄ同士を連結する。このように、ピストン体７が弁本体６の図中右側の端部から図中左側の端部に向かって移動する際には、この左側に向かう移動方向の前側に位置する当該左側のパッキン１９の傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れる方向（収縮する方向）に押圧されて、弾性変形する。   Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the central chamber 34 and the first outer chamber are elastically deformed in the direction in which the packing 19 on the left side in the drawing contracts, that is, the inclined portion 28 moves away from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. The sealing performance by the packing 19 between 33 is lowered. However, since the pressurized refrigerant from the compressor 4 is supplied into the second outer chamber 35, the piston body 7 moves toward the left side in the figure, and as shown in FIG. The piston body 7 is positioned at the left end of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 in the figure, and the ball 22 on the left side of the figure closes the end 12a of the extraction pipe 12 as a valve seat. 21 connects the pipes 10a and 10b, and connects the pipes 10c and 10d in the valve body 6. Thus, when the piston body 7 moves from the right end of the valve body 6 toward the left end in the figure, the left packing 19 located on the front side in the moving direction toward the left side. The inclined portion 28 is pressed in the direction away from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 (the direction of contraction) and elastically deforms.

図中左側の玉２２が弁座としての抽排気管１２の端部１２ａを塞ぐと、当該抽排気管１２内を通る冷媒の流れが遮断されて、第１外室３３内の冷媒と中央室３４内の冷媒とが互いに同じ圧力となって、板ばね２０の弾性復元力によって、図８に示すように、図中左側のパッキン１９の傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に密に接触する。このように、図８に示す状態では、第１外室３３、第２外室３５及び中央室３４内の冷媒は高圧に保たれている。   When the ball 22 on the left side in the drawing closes the end 12a of the extraction / exhaust pipe 12 serving as a valve seat, the flow of the refrigerant passing through the extraction / exhaust pipe 12 is blocked, and the refrigerant in the first outer chamber 33 and the central chamber As shown in FIG. 8, the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 on the left side of the drawing is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 by the elastic restoring force of the leaf spring 20. Contact closely. Thus, in the state shown in FIG. 8, the refrigerant | coolant in the 1st outer chamber 33, the 2nd outer chamber 35, and the center chamber 34 is maintained at the high pressure.

このような図８に示された状態で、パイロット弁３の電磁石のコイルに電圧を印加されると、当該パイロット弁３が、圧縮機４の吐出側から高圧の冷媒を、抽気管３７、パイロット弁３、抽排気管１２を通して第１外室３３内に供給するとともに、第２外室３５内の圧力は抽排気管１２、パイロット弁３、排気管３６を通して圧縮機４の低圧吸入側に排出されるため、第２外室３５内の圧力は低下する。すると、中央室３４内には常に圧縮機４の吐出側高圧冷媒が供給されているので、中央室３４内の冷媒の圧力と第２外室３５内の冷媒の圧力との差によって、中央室３４内の加圧された冷媒が図中右側のパッキン１９の傾斜部２８を板ばね２０の弾性復元力に抗して、弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れる方向に押圧する。   In the state shown in FIG. 8, when a voltage is applied to the electromagnet coil of the pilot valve 3, the pilot valve 3 draws high-pressure refrigerant from the discharge side of the compressor 4, the extraction pipe 37, the pilot The pressure is supplied to the first outer chamber 33 through the valve 3 and the extraction pipe 12, and the pressure in the second outer chamber 35 is discharged to the low pressure suction side of the compressor 4 through the extraction pipe 12, the pilot valve 3 and the exhaust pipe 36. Therefore, the pressure in the second outer chamber 35 decreases. Then, since the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 4 is always supplied into the central chamber 34, the central chamber is caused by the difference between the refrigerant pressure in the central chamber 34 and the refrigerant pressure in the second outer chamber 35. The pressurized refrigerant in 34 presses the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 on the right side in the figure against the elastic restoring force of the leaf spring 20 in the direction away from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6.

すると、図９に示すように、図中右側のパッキン１９が収縮する方向即ち傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れる方向に弾性変形して、中央室３４と第２外室３５の間のパッキン１９によるシール性が低下する。しかし、第１外室３３内には、圧縮機４からの加圧された冷媒が供給されているので、ピストン体７は、図中右側に向かって移動する、そして、図１０に示すように、ピストン体７が弁本体６の円筒部８の図中右側の端部に位置付けられて、当該図中右側の玉２２が弁座としての抽排気管１２の端部１２ａを塞ぐとともに、弁体２１が配管１０ｂ，１０ｃ同士を連結して、弁本体６内では配管１０ａ，１０ｄ同士を連結する。このように、ピストン体７が弁本体６の図中左側の端部から図中右側の端部に向かって移動する際には、この右側に向かう移動方向の前側に位置する当該右側のパッキン１９の傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れる方向（収縮する方向）に押圧されて、弾性変形する。   Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the central chamber 34 and the second outer chamber are elastically deformed in the direction in which the packing 19 on the right side in the drawing contracts, that is, the inclined portion 28 is separated from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. The sealing performance by the packing 19 between 35 is lowered. However, since the pressurized refrigerant from the compressor 4 is supplied into the first outer chamber 33, the piston body 7 moves toward the right side in the figure, and as shown in FIG. The piston body 7 is positioned at the right end of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 in the figure, and the right ball 22 in the figure closes the end 12a of the extraction pipe 12 as a valve seat. 21 connects the pipes 10b and 10c, and connects the pipes 10a and 10d in the valve body 6. Thus, when the piston body 7 moves from the left end of the valve body 6 toward the right end in the figure, the right packing 19 located on the front side in the moving direction toward the right side. The inclined portion 28 is pressed in the direction away from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 (the direction of contraction) and elastically deforms.

図中右側の玉２２が弁座としての抽排気管１２の端部１２ａを塞ぐと、当該抽排気管１２内を通る冷媒の流れが遮断されて、第２外室３５内の冷媒と中央室３４内の冷媒とが互いに同じ圧力となって、板ばね２０の弾性復元力によって、図中右側のパッキン１９の傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に接触する。こうして、第１外室３３、第２外室３５及び中央室３４内の冷媒は高圧に保たれる。   When the ball 22 on the right side in the figure closes the end 12a of the extraction / exhaust pipe 12 serving as a valve seat, the flow of the refrigerant passing through the extraction / exhaust pipe 12 is blocked, and the refrigerant in the second outer chamber 35 and the central chamber The refrigerant in the cylinder 34 has the same pressure as each other, and the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 on the right side in the drawing contacts the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 by the elastic restoring force of the leaf spring 20. Thus, the refrigerant in the first outer chamber 33, the second outer chamber 35, and the central chamber 34 is maintained at a high pressure.

切換弁２は、前述したように動作して、熱交換器５，５間の冷媒の流れを逆転させる。また、前述した切換弁２は、円筒部８内に弁板１１を収容し、当該円筒部８及び弁板１１に配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃを第１の融点のろうを用いて、ろう付けする。そして、円筒部８に前記第１の融点よりも低い第２の融点のろうを用いて、配管１０ｄをろう付けする。その後、円筒部８内にピストン体７を収容して、当該円筒部８の両端部に端部キャップ９を溶接により取り付けるとともに、抽排気管１２、排気管３６、抽気管３７を取り付けて、前述した切換弁２が組み立てられる。   The switching valve 2 operates as described above to reverse the refrigerant flow between the heat exchangers 5 and 5. Moreover, the switching valve 2 mentioned above accommodates the valve plate 11 in the cylindrical part 8, and brazes piping 10a, 10b, 10c to the said cylindrical part 8 and the valve plate 11 using the 1st melting | fusing point wax. . Then, the pipe 10d is brazed to the cylindrical portion 8 using a wax having a second melting point lower than the first melting point. Thereafter, the piston body 7 is accommodated in the cylindrical portion 8, end caps 9 are attached to both ends of the cylindrical portion 8 by welding, and the extraction pipe 12, the exhaust pipe 36, and the extraction pipe 37 are attached, The switching valve 2 is assembled.

本実施形態によれば、パッキン１９の傾斜部２８が、弁本体６の円筒部８の端に近づくのにしたがって徐々に弁本体６の円筒部８の内面に近づく方向に傾斜しているので、ピストン体７の移動方向の前側に位置するパッキン１９の傾斜部２８が、当該ピストン体７が移動する際に、収縮される方向に押圧される。このため、当該前側のパッキン１９がピストン体７の移動を妨げることがない。したがって、ピストン体７即ち弁体２１をスムーズに移動させることができ、配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃ，１０ｄ間の冷媒の流れの切り換えをスムーズに行うことができる。   According to the present embodiment, the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 is gradually inclined toward the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 as it approaches the end of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6. The inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 positioned on the front side in the moving direction of the piston body 7 is pressed in a contracting direction when the piston body 7 moves. For this reason, the front packing 19 does not hinder the movement of the piston body 7. Therefore, the piston body 7, that is, the valve body 21 can be moved smoothly, and the refrigerant flow among the pipes 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d can be switched smoothly.

ピストン本体１７の両端部に、弁本体６の両端部に設けられた弁座としての抽排気管１２の端部１２ａを塞ぐ第２弁体としての玉２２が設けられているので、ピストン体７が、玉２２が抽排気管１２の端部１２ａを塞ぐ所定の位置で確実に位置決めされる。このため、弁体２１が、配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃ，１０ｄ間の流れを確実に切り換えることができる。   Since both ends of the piston body 17 are provided with balls 22 as second valve bodies that close the ends 12a of the extraction exhaust pipe 12 as valve seats provided at both ends of the valve body 6, the piston body 7 However, the ball 22 is reliably positioned at a predetermined position where the end portion 12a of the extraction pipe 12 is blocked. For this reason, the valve body 21 can switch the flow between piping 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d reliably.

傾斜部２８が弁本体６の円筒部８の内面から離れすぎることを規制する規制部材１８を備えているので、傾斜部２８が塑性変形することを防止できる。このように、傾斜部２８が塑性変形することを防止できるので、傾斜部２８即ちパッキン１９が破損することを防止できる。   Since the restricting member 18 that restricts the inclined portion 28 from being too far from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve body 6 is provided, the inclined portion 28 can be prevented from being plastically deformed. Thus, since the inclined portion 28 can be prevented from being plastically deformed, the inclined portion 28, that is, the packing 19 can be prevented from being damaged.

さらに、背景技術の欄で説明した従来例では、パッキン１０７は圧縮した吐出側高圧冷媒が吸入側低圧流れることを防止するためにシール性を必要とし、さらに、圧力によりパッキン１０７は拡がる方向に押圧されるため、パッキン１０７のシール部は圧力差による大きな荷重下での切り替え動作の繰り返しにより損傷を受けていたが、前述した実施形態では、パッキン１９の傾斜部２８が、弁本体６の円筒部８の端に近づくにしたがって徐々に弁本体６の内面に近づく方向に傾斜しているので、パッキン１９の傾斜部２８に加わる圧力差が大きくなるとパッキン１９の傾斜部２８が収縮される方向に押圧されて、パッキン１９のシール性は低下するため圧力差を小さくなり、パッキン１９の傾斜部２８に加わる圧力差による荷重が低減されてパッキン１９の耐久性が向上する。   Further, in the conventional example described in the background art section, the packing 107 needs to have a sealing property to prevent the compressed discharge-side high-pressure refrigerant from flowing through the suction-side low pressure, and further, the packing 107 is pressed in a direction in which the packing 107 expands due to the pressure. Therefore, the seal portion of the packing 107 was damaged by repeated switching operations under a large load due to a pressure difference. In the above-described embodiment, the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 is the cylindrical portion of the valve body 6. Since the angle gradually approaches the inner surface of the valve body 6 as it approaches the end of 8, the pressure difference applied to the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 increases in the direction in which the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 contracts. As a result, the sealing performance of the packing 19 decreases, so the pressure difference is reduced, and the load due to the pressure difference applied to the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 is reduced. Durability of the packing 19 is improved.

前述した実施形態では、パッキン１９の傾斜部２８が収縮される方向に押圧された状態ではパッキン１９のシール性が低下するが、このとき、パッキン１９からの冷媒の流れは第２弁体としての玉２２がシールする。   In the above-described embodiment, the sealing performance of the packing 19 is lowered in a state where the inclined portion 28 of the packing 19 is pressed in the contracting direction. At this time, the refrigerant flow from the packing 19 serves as the second valve body. The ball 22 seals.

空気調和機１は、前述した切換弁２を備えているので、切換弁２のピストン体７即ち弁体２１をスムーズに移動させることができ、配管１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃ，１０ｄ間の冷媒の流れの切り換えをスムーズに行うことができる。   Since the air conditioner 1 includes the switching valve 2 described above, the piston body 7, that is, the valve body 21 of the switching valve 2 can be moved smoothly, and the refrigerant flows between the pipes 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d. Can be smoothly switched.

前述した実施形態は、冷媒（流体）としてフロン系冷媒より使用圧力の高い二酸化炭素の場合特に有効であるが、フロン系の冷媒を用いても良い。また、本発明では、空気調和機１以外の機器に用いられて、種々の流体の流れを切り換えても良い。さらに、本発明では、配管１０を複数設ければ、幾つ設けても良い（例えば、配管１０を二つのみ設けても良い）。配管１０を二つのみ設けた場合には、配管１０間の冷媒の流れを開放したり遮断する。このように、本発明では、冷媒などの流体の流れの方向を変更したり、当該流れを開放、遮断して、当該流れを変更すればよい。また、本発明では、玉２２以外に、図１１（ａ）及び図１１（ｂ）に示すように、第２弁体を例えば合成樹脂から表面がフラットな部材４０を用いても良い。なお、図１１（ａ）及び図１１（ｂ）において、前述した実施形態と同一部分には、同一符号を付して説明を省略する。要するに、本発明では、第２弁体を種々の構成にしても良いことは勿論である。   The above-described embodiment is particularly effective in the case of carbon dioxide having a higher working pressure than the chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant as the refrigerant (fluid), but a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant may be used. Moreover, in this invention, you may use for apparatuses other than the air conditioner 1, and may switch the flow of various fluids. Further, in the present invention, if a plurality of pipes 10 are provided, any number may be provided (for example, only two pipes 10 may be provided). When only two pipes 10 are provided, the refrigerant flow between the pipes 10 is opened or shut off. Thus, in this invention, what is necessary is just to change the flow direction of a fluid, such as a refrigerant | coolant, or to open | release and interrupt | block the said flow, and to change the said flow. In the present invention, in addition to the ball 22, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the second valve body may be a member 40 having a flat surface made of, for example, a synthetic resin. In FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B, the same parts as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In short, of course, in the present invention, the second valve body may have various configurations.

なお、前述した実施形態は本発明の代表的な形態を示したに過ぎず、本発明は、実施形態に限定されるものではない。即ち、本発明の骨子を逸脱しない範囲で種々変形して実施することができる。   In addition, embodiment mentioned above only showed the typical form of this invention, and this invention is not limited to embodiment. That is, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

本発明の一実施形態にかかる空気調和機の構成を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the air conditioner concerning one Embodiment of this invention. 図１に示された空気調和機の切換弁が配管間の流れを切り換えた状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the switching valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG. 1 switched the flow between piping. 図１中のＩＩＩ部を拡大して示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the III section in FIG. 図１及び図２に示された空気調和機の切換弁のピストン体の要部の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the piston body of the switching valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG.1 and FIG.2. 図1に示された空気調和機のパイロット弁の電磁石のコイルに電圧を印加した状態を模式的に示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a state in which a voltage is applied to a coil of an electromagnet of a pilot valve of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 図５に示された空気調和機のパイロット弁の電磁石のコイルへの印加を停止した状態を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state which stopped the application to the coil of the electromagnet of the pilot valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG. 図６に示された空気調和機のパイロット弁のピストン体が移動した状態を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state which the piston body of the pilot valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG. 6 moved. 図７に示された空気調和機のパイロット弁のピストン体のパッキンが中立状態に復帰した状態を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state which the packing of the piston body of the pilot valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG. 7 returned to the neutral state. 図７に示された空気調和機のパイロット弁の電磁石のコイルに電圧を印加し始めた状態を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state which started applying a voltage to the coil of the electromagnet of the pilot valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG. 図９に示された空気調和機のパイロット弁のピストン体が移動した状態を模式的に示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the state which the piston body of the pilot valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG. 9 moved. （ａ）は図１に示された空気調和機の切換弁の変形例の要部を示す断面図であり、（ｂ）は図１１（ａ）中のＸＩＢ部を拡大して示す断面図である。(A) is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the modification of the switching valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG. 1, (b) is sectional drawing which expands and shows the XIB part in Fig.11 (a). is there. 従来の空気調和機で用いられる切換弁の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the switching valve used with the conventional air conditioner. 図１２に示された空気調和機の切換弁のピストン体の要部の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the piston body of the switching valve of the air conditioner shown by FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 空気調和機
２ 切換弁
４ 圧縮機
５ 熱交換器
６ 弁本体
７ ピストン体
１０，１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃ，１０ｄ 配管
１２ａ 端部（弁座）
１７ ピストン本体
１８ 規制部材
１９ パッキン
２１ 弁体
２２ 玉（第２弁体）
２８ 傾斜部
４０ 部材（第２弁体） DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air conditioner 2 Switching valve 4 Compressor 5 Heat exchanger 6 Valve body 7 Piston body 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d Piping 12a End (valve seat)
17 Piston body 18 Restriction member 19 Packing 21 Valve element 22 Ball (second valve element)
28 Inclined part 40 Member (second valve element)

Claims (4)

複数の配管が取り付けられた筒状の弁本体と、
前記弁本体の軸芯に沿って移動自在に当該弁本体内に収容されたピストン本体と、前記ピストン本体の両端部に設けられて弁本体に接触するパッキンと、前記ピストン本体の中央部に設けられて前記複数の配管間の流れを変更する弁体と、を備えたピストン体と、を備え、
前記ピストン体が前記弁本体の軸芯に沿って移動することで前記弁体が前記複数の配管間の流れを変更する切換弁において、
前記パッキンが、環状に形成され、かつその断面形が前記弁本体の端に向かうにしたがって徐々に弁本体の内面に近づく方向に傾斜した傾斜部を備えていることを特徴とする切換弁。 A tubular valve body with a plurality of pipes attached thereto;
A piston main body accommodated in the valve main body so as to be movable along the axis of the valve main body, a packing provided at both ends of the piston main body to contact the valve main body, and a central portion of the piston main body And a valve body that changes the flow between the plurality of pipes, and a piston body,
In the switching valve in which the valve body changes the flow between the plurality of pipes by moving the piston body along the axis of the valve body,
The switching valve, characterized in that the packing is formed in an annular shape, and has an inclined portion inclined in a direction of gradually approaching the inner surface of the valve body as its cross-sectional shape approaches the end of the valve body. 前記弁本体の両端部には、当該弁本体の内外を連通する弁座が設けられ、かつ、
前記ピストン本体の両端部には、前記弁本体の端部に近づくと、前記弁座に密に接触して、当該弁座を塞ぐ第２弁体が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の切換弁。 At both end portions of the valve body, valve seats that communicate the inside and outside of the valve body are provided, and
The second valve body is provided at both end portions of the piston main body so as to come into close contact with the valve seat and close the valve seat when approaching the end portion of the valve main body. 1. The switching valve according to 1. 前記ピストン本体の両端部には、前記パッキンの前記傾斜部が前記弁本体の内面から離れすぎることを規制する規制部材が取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２記載の切換弁。   The switching member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a restriction member for restricting the inclined portion of the packing from being too far from the inner surface of the valve body is attached to both ends of the piston body. valve. 圧縮機と、当該圧縮機と連結された熱交換器と、これらの圧縮機及び熱交換器と連結された切換弁とを備えた可逆サイクル冷凍装置において、
前記切換弁として、請求項１乃至請求項３のうちいずれか一項に記載の切換弁を備えたことを特徴とする可逆サイクル冷凍装置。 In a reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus comprising a compressor, a heat exchanger connected to the compressor, and a switching valve connected to the compressor and the heat exchanger,
A reversible cycle refrigeration apparatus comprising the switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as the switching valve.
JP2008196701A 2007-08-20 2008-07-30 Selector valve, and reversible cycle refrigerator Pending JP2009068695A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2388541A2 (en) 2010-05-17 2011-11-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Saginomiya Seisakusho Flow path switching valve
JP2017155887A (en) * 2016-03-03 2017-09-07 株式会社鷺宮製作所 Slide type selector valve and refrigeration cycle system
JP2018013226A (en) * 2016-07-22 2018-01-25 株式会社鷺宮製作所 Slide type changeover valve and refrigeration cycle system
CN107701399A (en) * 2017-08-08 2018-02-16 江苏盈科汽车空调有限公司 From heat exchange type vehicle-mounted air conditioner compressor

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JPS5958277A (en) * 1982-09-28 1984-04-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Three-way solenoid valve
JPH02102083U (en) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-14
JP2004245427A (en) * 2003-02-10 2004-09-02 Fuji Koki Corp Flow path change-over valve
JP2007078119A (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-29 Saginomiya Seisakusho Inc Flow path selector valve

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5958277A (en) * 1982-09-28 1984-04-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Three-way solenoid valve
JPH02102083U (en) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-14
JP2004245427A (en) * 2003-02-10 2004-09-02 Fuji Koki Corp Flow path change-over valve
JP2007078119A (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-29 Saginomiya Seisakusho Inc Flow path selector valve

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2388541A2 (en) 2010-05-17 2011-11-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Saginomiya Seisakusho Flow path switching valve
JP2011241870A (en) * 2010-05-17 2011-12-01 Saginomiya Seisakusho Inc Flow path switching valve
EP2388541A3 (en) * 2010-05-17 2015-04-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Saginomiya Seisakusho Flow path switching valve
JP2017155887A (en) * 2016-03-03 2017-09-07 株式会社鷺宮製作所 Slide type selector valve and refrigeration cycle system
JP2018013226A (en) * 2016-07-22 2018-01-25 株式会社鷺宮製作所 Slide type changeover valve and refrigeration cycle system
CN107701399A (en) * 2017-08-08 2018-02-16 江苏盈科汽车空调有限公司 From heat exchange type vehicle-mounted air conditioner compressor

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