JP2013220961A - Method of manufacturing compost, and its manufacturing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing compost that can manufacture compost excellently usable even for plastic greenhouse culture relatively in a short period at low cost from various organic wastes, and to provide a manufacturing plant for achieving the method of manufacturing compost.SOLUTION: There are provided a method of manufacturing compost including: a compost raw material production process S2 of producing a compost raw material whose moisture percentage is 55-80 wt.% by mixing organic wastes; an agitation process S3 of agitating the compost raw material 3 produced in the compost raw material production process S2; a storage process S4a of storing the compost raw material 3 agitated in the agitation process S3 at rest for every production period; and a turning-over process S4b of turning over the compost raw material 3 stored at rest according to temperature change of the compost raw material 3 stored at rest in the storage process S4a; and also a fermentation process S4 of supplying a part of the compost raw material 3 already stored in the storage process S4a to the agitation process S3 and then mixing the compost raw material with the compost raw material 3, and fermenting the compost raw material 3 by repeating the storage process S4a and turning-over process S4b by a plurality of times. There is provided a manufacturing plant 1 for achieving the method of manufacturing compost.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing compost that ferments organic waste derived from animals and plants to produce compost, and a manufacturing plant therefor.

  As a method for producing compost from organic waste derived from animals and plants such as raw garbage discharged from ordinary households, business establishments, human waste and livestock excreta, sawdust, rice husks, pruned branches, etc. Sawdust is mixed with raw garbage at a predetermined ratio to produce a first raw material, and a specific enzyme is mixed with the first raw material at a predetermined ratio to produce a second raw material. A method has been proposed in which two raw materials are pressed and then pulverized and accumulated in an aged pool, and then agitation is repeated 6 times every 3 days to produce compost (Patent Document 1).

  Moreover, a mixed raw material appropriately mixed with a plurality of types of human waste such as livestock excrement and a fermentation promoting material appropriately mixed with a plurality of types of mycorrhizal fungi such as rice bran are alternately stacked to form a multilayer laminate. After fermenting for 10 to 20 days, a method of producing a compost (fertilizer) by stirring and mixing the multilayer laminate and putting it into a predetermined tank, supplying air into the tank and further fermenting it, followed by stirring It has been proposed (Patent Document 2).

  However, in the methods of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above, the compost raw material is agitated many times or air is supplied to the compost raw material until compost is completed. There was a problem that the cost related to the production of compost increased and the cost increased.

  Further, in the methods of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above, a specific enzyme or mycorrhizal fungus is easily acted on so as to promote fermentation. Therefore, compost raw materials including organic waste such as human waste (organic If there is something that cannot be fully treated with certain enzymes or mycorrhizal fungi, the compost produced will contain untreated compost raw materials. is there. Therefore, in patent document 1 and patent document 2, there is a problem that compost raw materials containing various organic wastes cannot be processed without limiting the compost raw materials to be processed.

  Further, when compost containing untreated compost raw materials (organic waste) is actually used as compost in a field or the like, the untreated compost raw materials are fermented to generate odors and harmful gases. For this reason, the generated odors and gases are diffused outdoors, but when used in a closed space such as a vinyl house, the generated odors and harmful gases fill the house, making it difficult to work. There was a problem that crops did not grow well, and that they could not be used as compost for house cultivation.

  In addition, also by the method of patent document 1 and patent document 2, depending on the kind of organic waste contained in the compost raw material, it can ferment and process an untreated compost raw material by making fermentation time longer. However, the production period of compost becomes considerably longer than half a year, and energy consumption due to agitation and supply of air increases. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost for manufacturing compost is further increased.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a compost production method and a production plant capable of producing compost that can be favorably used for house cultivation from various organic wastes in a relatively short period of time and at a low cost. Providing is an issue.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the method for producing compost according to the present invention includes a “compost raw material generation step in which a plurality of organic wastes derived from animals and plants are mixed to generate a compost raw material having a moisture content of 55 wt% to 80 wt%. And stirring the compost raw material produced in the compost raw material production step together with a part of the fermented raw compost raw material, and the compost raw material stirred in the stirring step for each production period. A reversing step of reversing the compost raw material stored stationary based on a temperature change of the compost raw material stored in the storage step, and storing the compost raw material stored in the storage step It is supplied to the stirring step as the compost raw material partially fermented first, and comprises a fermentation step of fermenting the compost raw material by repeating the storage step and the inversion step multiple times. .

  Here, examples of the “organic waste” include raw garbage discharged from ordinary households and business establishments, human waste such as human feces and livestock feces, pruned branches, rice husks, sawdust, sludge, and the like.

  In addition, “based on temperature change” in the reversal process means “after the temperature of the compost raw material reaches a peak, it changes substantially constant (for example, 0.5 ° C./day to 1.5 ° C./day). "When the temperature begins to drop sharply (for example, 2 ° C / day to 10 ° C / day)", "When the predetermined temperature (for example, 10 ° C to 20 ° C) decreases from the peak temperature of the compost raw material", etc. It can be illustrated.

  In addition, the reason why the moisture content of the compost material generated in the compost material generation step is in the range of 55 wt% to 80 wt% is that if the moisture content is lower than this, bacteria, enzymes, etc. in the compost material This is because it becomes impossible to work sufficiently and the production time becomes longer or the desired compost cannot be obtained. In addition, if the moisture content is higher than this, the fluidity of the compost raw material becomes high, so that a place for storing the compost raw material in the storage process is required, and pits, tanks, etc. are required, resulting in an increase in cost. During stationary storage, convection is generated and stirred in the compost raw material, and only certain bacteria and enzymes are likely to act, and depending on the type of organic waste contained in the compost raw material, it can be treated sufficiently This is because it becomes impossible to obtain the desired compost. In addition, as for the moisture content of the compost raw material produced | generated at the compost raw material production | generation process, it is more desirable to set it as the range of 60 weight%-70 weight%.

  In the compost production method of the present invention, a plurality of organic wastes derived from animals and plants are appropriately mixed to produce a compost raw material having a moisture content of 55 wt% to 80 wt%, and the compost raw material is first fermented in a storage step. After mixing and stirring a part of the compost raw material that has been mixed, if the temperature of the stored compost raw material satisfies a predetermined condition, the compost raw material is turned upside down and stored again to perform storage and inversion Compost is produced by repeating the fermentation process multiple times. As a result, although the details will be described later, the temperature of the compost raw material is different for each storage step in the plurality of fermentation steps, and bacteria and enzymes with different temperatures to be activated can be sufficiently operated. Various organic waste contained can be decomposed by various bacteria, enzymes, etc., and compost that can be used well for house cultivation that does not contain untreated organic waste can be produced. .

  In addition, since various types of bacteria, enzymes, etc. can work sufficiently, as a result, the processing of compost raw materials can be completed early, and compost that can be used well for house cultivation is relatively short-term. Can be manufactured between.

  In addition, since the compost raw material is only stored and stored in the fermentation process and reversed depending on the temperature condition, the energy consumed in the fermentation process (storage process and reversal process) can be reduced as much as possible. Costs related to compost production can be reduced.

  In addition, as described above, various types of bacteria, enzymes, etc. can be made to work satisfactorily, so it is possible to significantly reduce the generation of off-flavors in the fermentation process, etc. It is possible to improve and work in a comfortable environment, to reduce the frequency of maintenance of equipment and equipment related to compost production, and to reduce the cost of production.

  Moreover, in addition to said structure, the compost manufacturing method which concerns on this invention is "the said fermentation process supplies to the said stirring process from the said several compost raw materials from which the temperature stored previously in the said storage process differs." This may be a feature.

  As a result, bacteria, enzymes, etc. that act at various temperatures can be mixed into the first compost raw material. Compost that can be used well for house cultivation that does not contain untreated organic waste can be produced reliably.

  In addition, you may take out the site | part from which temperature differs from one stationary storage compost raw material, and there can exist an effect similar to the above.

  The compost production plant according to the present invention includes a “mixing device that generates a compost raw material having a moisture content of 55 wt% to 80 wt% by mixing a plurality of organic wastes derived from animals and plants, and the above-described mixing device. A stirrer that stirs the compost raw material, a plurality of storage units that statically store the compost raw material stirred by the stirrer for each generation time, and a temperature that measures the temperature of the compost raw material stored in the storage unit The temperature of the compost raw material measured by the measuring means, the reversing means for reversing the compost raw material in the storage unit based on the temperature change of the compost raw material measured by the temperature measuring means, and the temperature measuring means is different. A mixing supply device for supplying a part of the compost raw material from the storage unit to the stirring device and mixing it with the compost raw material. "

  Here, the “mixing device” includes “a device that is mixed by rotation of at least one screw”, “a device that is mixed and conveyed by rotation of at least one screw”, “a device that is mixed by rotation of blades”, and “static mixer” And the like. In addition, the mixing device includes “a plurality of hoppers or tanks divided for each type of organic waste”, “a take-out device such as a screw conveyor for taking out organic waste from the hopper”, and “organic waste from the tank”. An on-off valve for taking out ”may be provided separately.

  Examples of the “stirring device” include “things stirred by rotation of at least one screw”, “things stirred by rotation of blades”, “thing stirred by vibration”, and the like.

  Furthermore, examples of the “reservoir” include “yard of predetermined width”, “pit of predetermined width”, “container-like container”, “breathable container-like container”, and the like. it can.

  In addition, as "temperature measuring means", "using a liquid such as alcohol or mercury that expands with temperature", "using a metal such as a bimetal that deforms with temperature", "electrical resistance that changes with temperature" “Used”, “thermography for measuring temperature by the amount of infrared rays”, and the like. The temperature may be measured constantly or measured every predetermined time.

  Furthermore, examples of the “reversing means” include “things for turning compost raw materials stored in a yard or the like with a bucket or the like”, “things for reversing a container in which compost raw materials are stored”, or the like. . Examples of the “bucket” to be reversed include a backhoe, a power shovel, a grab bucket by a crane, and the like.

  In addition, the “mixing supply device” may be any device that can supply the compost raw material in the storage unit to the stirring device, and includes “backhoe”, “power shovel”, “grab bucket”, “belt conveyor”, “ A screw conveyor "etc. can be illustrated.

  According to the present invention, an untreated organic waste that can embody a compost production plant capable of actually producing compost based on the above-described compost production method and can be used well for house cultivation. Can be produced.

  Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided a compost manufacturing method and a manufacturing plant capable of manufacturing compost that can be favorably used for house cultivation in a relatively short period of time and at a low cost from various organic wastes. Can be provided.

(A) is a top view which shows schematic structure of the compost manufacturing plant which is one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a front view of (a), (c) is a left view of (a). is there. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the mixing apparatus and stirring apparatus in the compost manufacturing plant of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the compost | manure using the compost manufacturing plant of FIG. It is a graph which shows the change of the temperature and moisture content of the compost raw material in the fermentation process in the compost manufacturing plant of FIG.

  A composting plant 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. The compost production plant 1 according to the present embodiment is disposed in a building 2 of a predetermined size with a roof as a whole, and a mixing device 10 that generates a compost raw material 3 by mixing a plurality of organic wastes derived from animals and plants. And a fermenting yard 30 having a plurality of storage units 31 that stir the compost raw material 3 generated by the mixing device 10 and the compost raw material 3 stirred by the stirrer 20 at each generation time. And a temperature measuring device (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the compost raw material 3 stored in each storage unit 31 of the fermentation yard 30 and a reversal for inverting the compost raw material 3 in each storage unit 31 of the fermentation yard 30. A backhoe 40 (excavator loader) as a means is provided.

  The compost production plant 1 is disposed on the opposite side of the building 2 across the fermentation yard 30 where the mixing device 10 and the stirring device 20 are disposed, and is produced by fermenting the compost raw material 3 in the fermentation yard 30. And a product storage 51 for storing the compost packed in the packing place 50 until shipment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the compost manufacturing plant 1 of the present embodiment occupies most of the building 2 by the fermentation yard 30, and on both sides of the fermentation yard 30, the mixing device 10, the stirring device 20, and the packing room. 50 and the product storage 51 are respectively arranged. In addition, the building 2 is prevented from rain or wind from the outside to the inside.

  The mixing device 10 of the composting plant 1 receives a plurality of hoppers 11 and tanks 12 that receive and temporarily store organic waste discharged from ordinary households or business establishments, and organic waste from the hoppers 11 and 12. An unloading conveyor 13 for unloading the objects, and a mixing conveyor 14 for sending the organic waste unloaded by the unloading conveyors 13 to the stirring device 20 while mixing and stirring them are provided. In the present embodiment, a plurality of hoppers 11 and tanks 12 are arranged in a row, and a long mixing conveyor 14 is disposed between the hoppers 11 and the tanks 12.

  A plurality of hoppers 11 of the mixing apparatus 10 are adapted to carry (input) organic waste having a relatively large solid content such as garbage, pruned branches, rice husks, sawdust, etc. Each hopper 11 is put into a different hopper 11 and stored temporarily. In addition, organic waste such as human waste and sludge is carried into the tank 12 of the mixing apparatus 10 and is temporarily stored in a different tank 12 for each type of organic waste. It has come to be. In this embodiment, the tank 12 is buried underground, but may be installed above the ground.

  The carry-out conveyor 13 of the mixing device 10 is constituted by a screw conveyor, and organic waste can be carried out from the bottom of the hopper 11 and the tank 12 to the mixing conveyor 14 side. Moreover, the mixing conveyor 14 of the mixing apparatus 10 can convey organic waste while mixing and agitating it by rotating a screw. Different organic wastes from the hopper 11, the tank 12, and the like as it goes to the agitating apparatus 20 side. Items are sequentially supplied by the carry-out conveyor 13.

  The agitation device 20 of the compost production plant 1 receives the compost raw material 3 sent from the mixing device 10 and transports it to a predetermined position, and receives the compost raw material 3 transported by the first transport conveyor 21. The first agitator 22 for agitation, the second conveyor 23 for receiving the compost raw material 3 stirred by the first agitator 22 and conveying it to a predetermined position, and the compost raw material 3 conveyed by the second conveyor 23 A second agitating device 24 for agitation and a third conveying conveyor 25 for receiving the compost raw material 3 agitated by the second agitating device 24 and conveying it to the fermentation yard 30.

  The first conveyor 21, the second conveyor 23, and the third conveyor 25 in the stirring device 20 are screw conveyors having substantially the same configuration. Moreover, the 1st stirring apparatus 22 and the 2nd stirring apparatus 24 in the stirring apparatus 20 stir the compost raw material 3 by rotation of the stirring blade having a plurality of blades in the axial direction. Other than that, the configuration is substantially the same. The first stirring device 22 and the second stirring device 24 in the stirring device 20 are supplied with a part of the compost raw material 3 that is stationaryly stored in the storage units 31 of the fermentation yard 30 by the backhoe 40 or the like. It has become.

  The fermentation yard 30 of the compost production plant 1 has a flat and impermeable floor surface formed of concrete or the like. In addition, the fermentation yard 30 has four storage portions 31 arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the building 2, and is provided with eight storage portions 31 from the first to the eighth in total. ing. Each storage unit 31 has a size that allows the compost raw material 3 to be stored stationary for 10 to 30 t.

  The fermentation yard 30 includes a passage 32 that is disposed between the storage portions 31 on both sides and extends in the longitudinal direction of the building 2, and a partition wall 33 that partitions the storage portions 31. The passage 32 of the fermentation yard 30 has a width that allows the backhoe 40 to pass sufficiently. The partition wall 33 may not be provided.

  The backhoe 40 of the compost production plant 1 has a movable bucket capable of holding the compost raw material 3, and is a commercially available heavy machine having a size corresponding to the scale of the compost production plant 1. In addition to the reversing means, the backhoe 40 also serves as a mixing and supplying device of the present invention for supplying a part of the compost raw material 3 statically stored in the storage unit 31 to the stirring device 20.

  The packing place 50 and the product place 51 of the compost production plant 1 are arranged adjacent to the fermentation yard 30. In addition, the backhoe 40 can pass between the packing place 50 and the product place 51, and is a shipping place 52 that can communicate with the passage 32 of the fermentation yard 30. Further, the fermentation yard 30 and the packing place 50 and the product place 51 are partitioned by a wall, and the passage 32 and the shipping place 52 are partitioned by a door that can be opened and closed.

  Next, the manufacture of compost using the compost manufacturing plant 1 of the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, first, organic waste derived from animals and plants, which is a raw material for compost, is carried into the hopper 11 and the tank 12 of the mixing device 10 by a known means such as a truck or a vacuum car (step S1). Examples of organic waste to be carried into the mixing apparatus 10 include raw garbage (food residue, food sludge, fish meal), human waste such as human droppings and livestock droppings, rice husk, sawdust, pruned branches, sludge, and the like. it can. In this mixing apparatus 10, it carries in and stores into the hopper 11 and the tank 12 which differ according to the kind of organic waste.

  In the next compost raw material manufacturing process (step S <b> 2), various organic wastes carried in and stored in the plurality of hoppers 11 and tanks 12 are supplied to the mixing conveyor 14 by the carry-out conveyor 13. At this time, each carry-out conveyor 13 is controlled so that the amount of organic waste conveyed varies depending on the type of stored organic waste. The carry-out amount by each carry-out conveyor 13 is controlled so that the moisture content of the raw material 3 falls within the range of 60 wt% to 70 wt%. And each organic waste carried out from the hopper 11 and the tank 12 by each carry-out conveyor 13 is mixed by the mixing conveyor 14, and is sent to the following stirring process (step S3).

  In the agitation process (step S3), the compost raw material 3 sent from the mixing conveyor 14 is received by the first conveyor 21 in the agitator 20 and conveyed to the first agitator 22, where the first agitator 22 Stir. At this time, to the first stirring device 22, the compost raw material 3 (with a temperature of about 50 ° C. from the whole) previously stored in the storage unit 31 (for example, the fifth storage unit 31) in the fermentation yard 30 is stored. Part) is mixed by the backhoe 40. That is, a part of the compost raw material 3 that has undergone a certain degree of fermentation is mixed and stirred with respect to the first compost raw material 3 generated by mixing a plurality of organic wastes. In addition, when the compost production plant 1 is operated for the first time, or when the compost raw material 3 is not stored stationary in the fermentation yard 30, the mixing of the compost raw material 3 from the fermentation yard 30 may be omitted. Alternatively, a predetermined amount of a predetermined bacterium or enzyme may be mixed.

  The compost raw material 3 stirred by the first stirring device 22 of the stirring device 20 is transferred to the second transport conveyor 23 and is transported to the second stirring device 24 by the second transport conveyor 23 and stirred. At this time, to the second agitator 24, the compost raw material 3 (the temperature is about 40 ° C. from the whole in the fermentation yard 30 previously stored in the storage unit 31 (for example, the third storage unit 31)). Part) is mixed by the backhoe 40. That is, in the second stirring device 24, a part of the compost raw material 3 that has undergone a certain degree of fermentation treatment is mixed into the compost raw material 3 and stirred.

  And the compost raw material 3 stirred by the 2nd stirring apparatus 24 is delivered to the 3rd conveyance conveyor 25, and is conveyed by the 3rd conveyor 25 to the next fermentation process (step S4).

  Note that the “part of compost raw material” of the stationary compost raw material 3 mixed in the stirring process (step S3) is 3 for the compost raw material 3 generated in the compost raw material generation process (step S2). It is mixed at a ratio in the range of 8% by weight to 8% by weight. The reason why the ratio of the compost raw material 3 to be mixed is within the above range is that the compost mixed from the compost raw material 3 stored and fermented in the previous storage step (step S4a) into the first compost raw material 3 is less than this. This is because the amount of raw material 3 is reduced, and thus the amount of bacteria, enzymes, and the like mixed through the compost raw material 3 is also reduced, and the first compost raw material 3 cannot be sufficiently processed (fermented). . In addition, if the amount is larger than this, the amount of the previous compost raw material 3 is reduced, and the amount of compost produced after the last storage step (step S4a) is also reduced. This is because it becomes expensive.

  In a fermentation process (step S4), the compost raw material 3 conveyed by the 3rd conveyance conveyor 25 of the stirring apparatus 20 is conveyed to the 1st storage part 31 among the some storage parts 31, and is piled up like a mountain. In this state, the stationary storage is performed (storage process (step S4a)). In the present embodiment, the first compost raw material 3 is piled in the first reservoir 31 by about 20 t. Moreover, the internal temperature of the compost raw material 3 stored in the storage unit 31 is measured by a temperature measuring device (not shown). Specifically, the temperature at a position of 20 cm to 30 cm from the surface of the mountain of the compost raw material 3 stored stationary is measured.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the compost raw material 3 stored in the storage unit 31 rises in temperature from the start of storage due to the progress of fermentation by contained bacteria, enzymes, and the like, and reaches a peak in about one day. And then slowly decreases from the peak temperature (eg, 0.5 ° C./day to 1.5 ° C./day). And since several days later (for example, 2 to 7 days), the temperature of the compost raw material 3 starts to rapidly decrease (for example, 2 ° C./day to 10 ° C./day). The process proceeds to step S4b).

  The transition of the temperature change of the compost raw material 3 in this storage step (step S4a) is caused by the start of activity of bacteria, enzymes, etc. adhering to the previous compost raw material 3 mixed in the stirring step (step S3). As the object begins to ferment, its temperature rises. The temperature in the compost raw material 3 is substantially maintained after the temperature in the compost raw material 3 reaches a peak due to the temperature difference with the outside of the compost raw material 3 stored stationary in the building 2. It will slowly decline. During this period, among the plurality of bacteria, enzymes, etc. in the compost raw material 3, the bacteria, enzymes, etc. in which the temperature of the compost raw material 3 is at an appropriate temperature are actively active, and among the plurality of components in the compost raw material 3, these The predetermined components corresponding to the bacteria, enzymes and the like are processed. And if the predetermined component in the compost raw material 3 is processed, the activity of bacteria, enzymes, etc. corresponding to the component will decrease, and this seems to be the cause of the rapid decrease in the temperature in the compost raw material 3 a few days later. .

  In the reversal step (step S4b), the compost raw material 3 stored in the storage unit 31 using the backhoe 40 is scooped from above and moved to the empty storage unit 31 to roughly reverse the compost raw material 3, In this state, it is stored stationary. In addition, it is desirable to reversely move the compost raw material 3 to the adjacent storage part 31, and it can simplify the effort concerning reverse movement. In addition, when the compost raw material 3 is reversely moved, it is desirable to reversely move the oldest compost raw material 3 from the oldest (closest to the finished state). By doing so, workability can be improved.

  In this fermentation process (step S4), the stationary storage and the reversal movement are repeated a plurality of times (for example, 3 to 8 times) with respect to the compost raw material 3, so that the compost raw material 3 becomes compost as a product. It has become. More specifically, as described above, by allowing the compost raw material 3 to be stored stationary, the bacteria, enzymes, and the like in the interior are activated, and the pattern in which the temperature of the compost raw material 3 rises and then repeats is repeated, as shown in FIG. As described above, during the period from the first stationary storage to the fourth reversal movement, the temperature of the compost raw material 3 reaches the peak temperature and then gradually decreases within the temperature range of 85 ° C to 70 ° C. This temperature range is a temperature range in which mainly natto fungi and lactic acid bacteria are actively active as bacteria, and the organic waste in the compost raw material 3 is fermented by natto fungi and lactic acid bacteria.

  On the other hand, after the fourth reversal movement, the peak temperature of the compost raw material 3 becomes lower than 70 ° C., and after reaching the peak temperature, there is no state of slowly decreasing before that, 3 ° C./day. It decreases at a rate of ˜4 ° C./day, and although it is omitted from the reverse movement, it drops more rapidly after a few days (6th to 8th days). In the stationary storage from the fifth time, the temperature of the compost raw material 3 changes between 70 ° C. and 40 ° C., and in this temperature range, mainly yeast fungi and Koji fungi are actively active as bacteria, The remaining organic waste in the compost raw material 3 that has not been fermented by the previous natto fungi or lactic acid fungi is fermented.

  In the fermentation process (Step S4), the moisture content of the compost raw material 3 is reduced from about 65% to about 40% in the end, and the weight of the entire compost raw material 3 in one reservoir 31 is also about 20 t. To about 10 t.

  Thus, in a fermentation process (step S4), the temperature of the compost raw material 3 is changed between 85 degreeC-40 degreeC in the meantime by repeating a storage process (step S4a) and an inversion process (step S4b) in multiple times. As a result, bacteria such as natto fungi, lactic acid bacteria, yeast fungi, and Koji fungi, and various enzymes, etc. contained in the compost raw material 3 can be actively activated, and the organic matter in the compost raw material 3 can be activated. The waste can be processed so that it does not contain untreated organic waste. In addition, when manufacturing the compost used outdoors, if a storage process (step S4a) is performed 3 times or more, it can fully ship as outdoor compost.

  In addition, in the fermentation process (step S4), as described above, the temperature of the compost raw material 3 changes between 85 ° C. and 40 ° C., so that generation and reproduction of pests such as straw can be prevented, and compost production is possible. The environment in the plant 1 can be brought into a comfortable state.

  Moreover, in the fermentation process (step S4), the compost statically stored in the third storage unit 31 (third storage step (step S4a)) and the fifth storage unit 31 (fourth storage step (step S4a)). A part of the raw material 3 is supplied to the stirring step (step S3) by the backhoe 40. To the stirring process (step S3), a portion of about 40 ° C. is supplied from the third reservoir 31 and a portion of about 50 ° C. is supplied from the fifth reservoir 31 using the backhoe 40.

  In the fermentation process (step S4), the temperature of the compost raw material 3 that has been stored at a stationary temperature is less than 40 ° C. or lower than the peak temperature by 20 ° C. or more after the peak temperature and before the reversal movement. If it becomes, the fermentation process (step S4) will be complete | finished, and the oldest compost raw material 3 stationaryly stored by the storage part 31 (8th storage part 31) will be sent to the following packing process (step S5) as compost.

  In the packing step (step S5), the compost produced in the fermentation step (step S4) is packed into a bag by a predetermined amount at the packing place 50 adjacent to the fermentation yard 30. The compost packed in a bag is temporarily stored as a product in the product storage 51 on the opposite side across the shipping place 52, and then shipped from the shipping place 52 (step S5). Depending on the shipping destination, the manufactured compost can be directly loaded on a truck or the like without being packed in a bag.

  By the way, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the period from the delivery of organic waste to the shipment of compost for house cultivation is about 50 days, and the production period is significantly shortened compared to the conventional case that took more than half a year. Yes. In addition, even what performed the storage process (step S4a) six times can fully be used for house cultivation, and the manufacturing period in this case will be about 40 days (about one and a half months), and also a manufacturing period will become short. If it is compost for outdoor use, it can be shipped in about 3 weeks.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the temperature of the compost raw material 3 is different for each storage step (step S4a) in the fermentation process (step S4) multiple times, and sufficient bacteria, enzymes, etc. having different activation temperatures are obtained. Therefore, various organic waste contained in the compost raw material 3 is decomposed by various bacteria, enzymes, etc., and it is also good for house cultivation that does not contain untreated organic waste. Compost that can be used can be produced.

  Moreover, since various kinds of bacteria, enzymes, etc. can be made to work satisfactorily, the processing of the compost raw material 3 can be completed at an early stage, and compost that can be used well for house cultivation is relatively It can be manufactured in a short period of time.

  Furthermore, in the fermentation process (step S4), since the compost raw material 3 is statically stored and is reversed depending on the temperature condition, the energy consumed in the fermentation process (step S4) can be reduced, and compost production can be performed as compared with the conventional method. The cost which concerns on can be reduced.

  In addition, a part of the plurality of compost raw materials 3 having different temperatures that have been previously stored at rest are supplied to the agitation process (step S3), and the first compost raw material is used for bacteria and enzymes that act at various temperatures. 3 can be mixed, so that various bacteria, enzymes, and the like can be applied to the compost raw material 3 during stationary storage in each of the multiple storage steps (step S4a) in the fermentation step (step S4). It is possible to reliably produce a compost that can be used well in house cultivation that does not contain untreated organic waste.

  In addition, as described above, various types of bacteria, enzymes, and the like can be made to work satisfactorily, so that the generation of off-flavors in the fermentation process (step S4) can be greatly reduced compared to conventional methods, and compost It is possible to improve the manufacturing environment, work in a comfortable environment, reduce the frequency of maintenance of the apparatus and equipment related to compost manufacture, and reduce the cost of manufacturing. In particular, when “boiled rice”, “pruned branch” or the like is used as one of the organic wastes constituting the compost raw material 3, the generation of the off-flavor is almost eliminated, and the above-described effects can be exhibited remarkably.

  In the second stirring device 24 or the third conveyor 25 in the stirring process (step S3), it is desirable to send air into the compost raw material 3 so that the compost raw material 3 contains air. Since the compost raw material 3 containing a large amount of air is sent to the fermentation process (step S4), bacteria, enzymes, etc. can be further activated by the air contained in the compost raw material 3, and organic waste It can be processed reliably.

  The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as described below. And design changes are possible.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the reverse means and the mixing supply device using the backhoe 40 are shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a floor-type bucket crane may be used. Can play.

  Moreover, in said embodiment, although the flat yard-like thing was shown as the storage part 31, it is not limited to this, It is good also as a bowl-like or container-like container. Thereby, since the storage part which stores the compost raw material can be used as a container, the storage part can be stacked, so that the space efficiency in the compost production plan 1 can be increased, and more organic waste is processed even in a narrow place. And compost can be produced. In addition, when the storage unit is a container, the compost raw material can be easily reversed by reversing the container as a whole, compared with the case where a heavy machine such as the backhoe 40 is used, and the work efficiency is increased and the cost is reduced. be able to. Furthermore, when the storage part is a container, the compost raw material can be easily moved by loading it on a predetermined transport vehicle, so that it can be easily automated, and a compost production plant that automatically produces compost and can do.

  Furthermore, in said embodiment, although the mixing apparatus 10, the stirring apparatus 20, the fermentation yard 30, the packing place 50, the product storage place 51, etc. were provided in the one building 2 as the compost manufacturing plant 1. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and each of them may be provided in a separate building. The mixing device 10 and the stirring device 20, the fermentation yard 30, the packing place 50, the product place 51 and the shipping place 52, respectively. You may make it prepare for as a separate building.

  Moreover, in said embodiment, although the storage process (step S4a) of a fermentation process (step S4) was shown to repeat 7 times, it is not limited to this, When manufacturing a higher quality compost May increase the storage process, or reduce the storage process when manufacturing low-quality compost for outdoor use, etc., and repeat the storage process a number of times according to the required quality .

  Moreover, in said embodiment, although what provided the storage part 31 in the fermentation yard 30 was shown, it is not limited to this, The number of times of repeating a storage process (step S4a), and the organic processed at once What is necessary is just to provide the storage part 31 of the number according to the quantity of waste.

  Furthermore, in said embodiment, although the temperature of 40 degreeC and 50 degreeC was shown as the temperature of the stationaryly stored compost raw material 3 which supplies and mixes in a stirring process (step S3) in a fermentation process (step S4). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and portions having temperatures of 30 ° C., 60 ° C., and 70 ° C. may be supplied and mixed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compost production plant 2 Building 3 Compost raw material 10 Mixing device 11 Hopper 12 Tank 13 Unloading conveyor 14 Mixing conveyor 20 Stirring device 21 First transporting conveyor 22 First stirring device 23 Second transporting conveyor 24 Second stirring device 25 Third transporting conveyor 30 Fermentation yard 31 Storage part 32 Passage 33 Partition wall 40 Backhoe (reversing means, mixing supply device)
50 Packaging 51 Product storage 52 Shipping

JP-A-7-97289 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-55874

Claims (3)

A compost raw material generating step of mixing a plurality of organic wastes derived from animals and plants to generate a compost raw material having a moisture content of 55 wt% to 80 wt%;
A stirring step of stirring the compost raw material generated in the compost raw material generating step together with a part of the compost raw material previously fermented;
A storage step for stationaryly storing the compost raw material stirred in the stirring step for each generation time, and an inversion for reversing the compost raw material stored stationary based on a temperature change of the compost raw material stored in the storage step A composting raw material that has been fermented in advance, and supplying the agitation step to the agitation step and repeating the storage step and the inversion step a plurality of times. A compost production method comprising a fermentation step of fermenting a raw material. The fermentation process includes
The compost manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the compost raw materials having different temperatures previously stored in the storage step are supplied to the stirring step. A mixing device for mixing a plurality of organic wastes derived from animals and plants to produce a compost raw material having a moisture content of 55 wt% to 80 wt%;
An agitation device for agitating the compost raw material produced by the mixing device;
A plurality of storage units that statically store the compost raw material stirred by the stirring device for each generation time;
Temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of the compost raw material stored in the storage unit;
Reversing means for reversing the compost raw material in the reservoir based on the temperature change of the compost raw material measured by the temperature measuring means;
A mixing and supplying device for supplying a part of the compost raw material from the storage unit having different temperatures of the compost raw material measured by the temperature measuring unit to the stirring device and mixing the raw compost raw material with the compost raw material. Characteristic compost production plant.

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