JP2013220221A - X-ray apparatus - Google Patents

X-ray apparatus Download PDF

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JP2013220221A
JP2013220221A JP2012094033A JP2012094033A JP2013220221A JP 2013220221 A JP2013220221 A JP 2013220221A JP 2012094033 A JP2012094033 A JP 2012094033A JP 2012094033 A JP2012094033 A JP 2012094033A JP 2013220221 A JP2013220221 A JP 2013220221A
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JP5849841B2 (en
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Takashi Marume
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Shimadzu Corp
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray apparatus capable of being transferred to an automatic X-ray detection mode in proper timing without requesting an additional operation to prevent the false detection of X-rays.SOLUTION: In a X-ray apparatus, a flat panel type X-ray detector (FPD) control part performing an automatic X-ray detection mode to detect that the irradiation of X-rays to an FPD has started, and the reception of an X-ray exposure request signal are combined. As a result, the X-ray apparatus can be transferred to the automatic X-ray detection mode in proper timing without requesting an additional operation to prevent the false detection of the X-rays. In particular, when wirelessly configured, the same effect can be obtained even if not performing additional wiring work or the like by providing a transmission unit in a hand switch or the like in an existing system.

Description

この発明は、被検体の透視あるいは撮影を行うＸ線装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an X-ray apparatus that performs fluoroscopy or imaging of a subject.

従来、この種のＸ線装置では、フラットパネル型Ｘ線検出器（以下、「ＦＰＤ」と略記する）を制御し、ＣＰＵ（中央演算処理装置）やＦＰＧＡ（プログラマブルロジックデバイス）などを搭載した基板などからなるＦＰＤ制御部と、Ｘ線管の管電圧や管電流を発生させ、Ｘ線を被検体に照射する高電圧発生部（Ｘ線発生手段）とを備えている。図９を参照して説明すると、高電圧発生部１０１とＦＰＤ制御部１０２とをケーブルＣで電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結ぶ。また、高電圧発生部１０１（Ｘ線発生手段）には、２段押しタイプのＸ線曝射スイッチ１０３が有線で接続されている。   Conventionally, in this type of X-ray apparatus, a flat panel X-ray detector (hereinafter abbreviated as “FPD”) is controlled, and a substrate on which a CPU (Central Processing Unit), FPGA (Programmable Logic Device), etc. are mounted. And a high voltage generation unit (X-ray generation means) for generating X-ray tube voltage and tube current and irradiating the subject with X-rays. Referring to FIG. 9, the high voltage generation unit 101 and the FPD control unit 102 are electrically connected by a cable C so that the two are wired. Further, a two-stage push type X-ray exposure switch 103 is connected to the high voltage generation unit 101 (X-ray generation means) by wire.

Ｘ線画像を読み出すまでの処理について説明すると、２段押しタイプのＸ線曝射スイッチ１０３の１段目を押すこと（「半押し」とも呼ぶ）で、図９では図示を省略するＸ線管のターゲットを回転させるなどのようにＸ線管を準備状態にする。Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１０３の２段目をさらに押すこと（「全押し」とも呼ぶ）で、ケーブルＣを介して高電圧発生部１０１はＦＰＤ制御部１０２にＸ線曝射要求信号を送信する。ここで、本明細書中での「Ｘ線曝射要求信号」とは、ＦＰＤ制御部１０２から高電圧発生部１０１に送信するＸ線曝射許可信号を要求するための信号で、ＦＰＤ制御部１０２がＸ線曝射要求信号を受信して認識した後にＸ線曝射許可信号をＦＰＤ制御部１０２が高電圧発生部１０１に送信する。   The process until the X-ray image is read will be described. By pressing the first stage of the two-stage push type X-ray exposure switch 103 (also referred to as “half-press”), an X-ray tube not shown in FIG. The X-ray tube is set in a ready state, for example, by rotating the target. When the second stage of the X-ray exposure switch 103 is further pressed (also referred to as “full press”), the high voltage generation unit 101 transmits an X-ray exposure request signal to the FPD control unit 102 via the cable C. Here, the “X-ray exposure request signal” in this specification is a signal for requesting an X-ray exposure permission signal transmitted from the FPD control unit 102 to the high voltage generation unit 101, and is an FPD control unit. After the 102 receives and recognizes the X-ray exposure request signal, the FPD control unit 102 transmits the X-ray exposure permission signal to the high voltage generation unit 101.

ＦＰＤ制御部１０２がＸ線曝射要求信号を受信すると、ＦＰＤ制御部１０２がＸ線照射信号のＯＮを認識して、撮影可能状態となるまでループして待機する。撮影可能状態に移行したら、ケーブルＣを介してＦＰＤ制御部１０２は高電圧発生部１０１にＸ線曝射許可信号を送信する。高電圧発生部１０１がＸ線曝射許可信号を受信した後にＸ線管からＸ線を照射するように照射開始の指令を高電圧発生部１０１からＸ線管に与える。そして、Ｘ線管からＸ線の照射を開始する。予め設定された照射時間が経過したら、Ｘ線管にＸ線の照射を終了するように照射終了の指令を高電圧発生部１０１からＸ線管に与える。そして、Ｘ線管からＸ線の照射を終了して、さらにＸ線照射信号をＯＦＦにする。   When the FPD control unit 102 receives the X-ray exposure request signal, the FPD control unit 102 recognizes that the X-ray irradiation signal is ON, and waits in a loop until it becomes ready for imaging. After shifting to the radiographable state, the FPD control unit 102 transmits an X-ray exposure permission signal to the high voltage generation unit 101 via the cable C. After the high voltage generation unit 101 receives the X-ray exposure permission signal, the high voltage generation unit 101 gives an instruction to start irradiation so that X-rays are emitted from the X-ray tube. Then, X-ray irradiation is started from the X-ray tube. When a preset irradiation time has elapsed, a command to end irradiation is given from the high voltage generator 101 to the X-ray tube so as to end X-ray irradiation to the X-ray tube. Then, the X-ray irradiation from the X-ray tube is terminated, and the X-ray irradiation signal is further turned off.

一方、ＦＰＤ制御部１０２では、Ｘ線曝射許可信号を送信して（予め設定された照射時間よりも長く設定された）所定時間経過した後にＦＰＤからＸ線画像を読み出すように画像読み出し動作の指令をＦＰＤ制御部１０２からＦＰＤに与える。そして、ＦＰＤから画像読み出し動作を行うのと同時にＦＰＤ制御部１０２ではＸ線曝射許可信号をＯＦＦにする。なお、通常は、高電圧発生部１０１がＸ線曝射許可信号を受信してから直ちにＸ線管からＸ線を照射するので、ＦＰＤ制御部１０２がＸ線曝射許可信号を送信して所定時間経過した後の画像読み出し動作の開始時点では、Ｘ線管からのＸ線の照射終了は済んでおり、画像読み出し動作に支障はない。ただし、画像読み出し動作をより確実に行うために、ケーブルＣを介して高電圧発生部１０１はＦＰＤ制御部１０２にＸ線照射が終了したことを知らせる信号を送信して、当該信号をＦＰＤ制御部１０２が受信した後に画像読み出し動作を開始してもよい。   On the other hand, the FPD control unit 102 transmits an X-ray exposure permission signal (set longer than a preset irradiation time), and after an elapse of a predetermined time, reads an X-ray image from the FPD. A command is given from the FPD control unit 102 to the FPD. At the same time when the image reading operation is performed from the FPD, the FPD control unit 102 turns off the X-ray exposure permission signal. Normally, since the X-ray tube irradiates the X-ray tube immediately after the high voltage generation unit 101 receives the X-ray exposure permission signal, the FPD control unit 102 transmits the X-ray exposure permission signal to obtain a predetermined value. At the start of the image reading operation after a lapse of time, the X-ray irradiation from the X-ray tube has been completed, and there is no problem in the image reading operation. However, in order to perform the image reading operation more reliably, the high voltage generation unit 101 transmits a signal notifying that the X-ray irradiation has ended to the FPD control unit 102 via the cable C, and the signal is transmitted to the FPD control unit. The image reading operation may be started after 102 receives.

しかし、図９に示すような手法では、Ｘ線曝射要求信号およびＸ線曝射許可信号の送受信をそれぞれ行わなければならず煩わしさが生じる。また、回診用ではこれらの信号を送受信する手段やケーブルなどが搭載されていない場合が多く、汎用的でない。そこで、ＦＰＤ制御部側でこれらの信号を受信あるいは送信しなくとも済むように、ＦＰＤがＸ線の照射を検出する機能（「自動Ｘ線検出機能」とも呼ばれる）を搭載したＸ線装置がある（例えば、非特許文献１、２参照）。この場合には、Ｘ線管を備えない回診用においても、信号を送受信する手段やケーブルなどを搭載する必要はなく、送受信の手間が省けるという効果を奏する。   However, in the method as shown in FIG. 9, transmission / reception of the X-ray exposure request signal and the X-ray exposure permission signal must be performed, resulting in inconvenience. Further, for round trips, there are many cases where a means for transmitting and receiving these signals, cables, and the like are not mounted, and this is not general purpose. Therefore, there is an X-ray apparatus equipped with a function (also referred to as “automatic X-ray detection function”) by which the FPD detects X-ray irradiation so that the FPD control unit does not need to receive or transmit these signals. (For example, refer nonpatent literatures 1 and 2). In this case, it is not necessary to mount means for transmitting and receiving signals, cables, and the like even for round trips that do not include an X-ray tube.

“X線自動検出技術「AeroSync」をカセッテ型デジタルX線撮影装置「AeroDR(エアロディーアール)」に搭載”、[online]、２０１１年１１月２４日、コニカミノルタヘルスケア株式会社、インターネット< URL : http://www.konicaminolta.jp/about/release/2011/1124_01_01.html>“Automatic X-ray detection technology“ AeroSync ”installed in cassette type digital X-ray imaging device“ AeroDR ”” [online], November 24, 2011, Konica Minolta Healthcare, Internet <URL : http://www.konicaminolta.jp/about/release/2011/1124_01_01.html> “ケーブルレスで自由に持ち運びでき、必要な時に必要な場所でDR方式のX線撮影が可能！世界初、自動X線検出機能搭載 DR方式・カセッテ型デジタルX線画像診断装置「FUJIFILM DR CALNEO flex （カルネオ フレックス）」”、[online]、２０１１年１１月１７日、富士フィルム株式会社、インターネット< URL : http://www.fujifilm.co.jp/corporate/news/articleffnr_0579.html>“Cable-free and portable, DR X-ray imaging is possible wherever needed. The world's first DR X-cassette type digital X-ray diagnostic system with automatic X-ray detection function“ FUJIFILM DR CALNEO flex (Carneo Flex) "" [online], November 17, 2011, Fuji Film Co., Ltd. Internet <URL: http://www.fujifilm.co.jp/corporate/news/articleffnr_0579.html>

しかしながら、このような構成を有する場合には、次のような問題がある。
すなわち、このような信号の送受信を必要としない場合には、Ｘ線を誤検出する可能性がある。例えば、ＦＰＤと被検体との位置関係などによって、Ｘ線管からＸ線を照射しているにも関わらずＦＰＤがＸ線を検出しない場合がある。特に、サイズが大きい被検体を透視あるいは撮影する場合においてＦＰＤに入射されるＸ線の線量が微少となって自動Ｘ線検出機能がＸ線を検出したと認識しない場合がある。逆に、Ｘ線の非照射にも関わらず例えばＦＰＤへの衝撃などにより自動Ｘ線検出機能がＸ線を検出したと認識してしまい、非照射時の異常な画像を読み出して収集する場合がある。 However, in the case of such a configuration, there are the following problems.
That is, there is a possibility that X-rays are erroneously detected when such transmission / reception of signals is not required. For example, depending on the positional relationship between the FPD and the subject, the FPD may not detect X-rays even though X-rays are emitted from the X-ray tube. In particular, when a subject having a large size is seen through or photographed, the dose of X-rays incident on the FPD is so small that the automatic X-ray detection function may not recognize that X-rays have been detected. On the contrary, there is a case where the automatic X-ray detection function recognizes that the X-ray has been detected due to, for example, an impact on the FPD in spite of non-irradiation of the X-ray, and an abnormal image at the time of non-irradiation is read and collected. is there.

また、自動Ｘ線検出モードは信号のトリガに同期しないので、操作者がボタンなどの入力部へ操作することに同期して自動Ｘ線検出モードに移行する。回診用では外部から電力を取り込めず内蔵のバッテリーからの電力を取り込み、自動Ｘ線検出モードでは信号を高速にサンプリング（収集）するので、バッテリーの電力が直ぐに消耗してしまう。そこで、バッテリーの電力の消耗を防ぐために、自動Ｘ線検出モードでは時間的制限が設けられている。例えば操作者による入力部の操作に同期して１分以内にＸ線照射を検出しなければ、自動Ｘ線検出モードを終了する。したがって、操作者が入力部へ操作したら即座にＸ線の照射を開始しなければならない。   Further, since the automatic X-ray detection mode is not synchronized with the signal trigger, the automatic X-ray detection mode is shifted to the automatic X-ray detection mode in synchronization with the operation of the input unit such as a button by the operator. For round-trip use, power from the built-in battery is not taken in from the outside, and in the automatic X-ray detection mode, signals are sampled (collected) at high speed, so the battery power is consumed quickly. Thus, in order to prevent battery power consumption, a time limit is set in the automatic X-ray detection mode. For example, if X-ray irradiation is not detected within 1 minute in synchronization with the operation of the input unit by the operator, the automatic X-ray detection mode is terminated. Therefore, X-ray irradiation must be started immediately after the operator operates the input unit.

この発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、追加の操作を要求することなく適切なタイミングで自動Ｘ線検出モードに移行させることができ、Ｘ線の誤検出を防止することができるＸ線装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and can shift to an automatic X-ray detection mode at an appropriate timing without requiring an additional operation, thereby preventing erroneous X-ray detection. An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray apparatus that can perform the above-described process.

この発明は、このような目的を達成するために、次のような構成をとる。
すなわち、この発明に係るＸ線装置は、Ｘ線を被検体に照射するＸ線発生手段と、前記Ｘ線発生手段に指示するためのＸ線曝射スイッチと、前記被検体を透過したＸ線を画像信号として検出するＸ線検出手段とを備え、前記Ｘ線曝射スイッチは、前記Ｘ線発生手段を準備状態にさせるＸ線準備要求信号を出力する第１スイッチと、前記Ｘ線発生手段からＸ線を照射することを許可するＸ線曝射要求信号を出力する第２スイッチとを有し、前記Ｘ線検出手段は、当該Ｘ線検出手段に対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するＸ線照射検出手段と、前記Ｘ線照射検出手段によりＸ線照射が検出された後に照射されたＸ線を画像信号として読み出す読み出し手段とを有しており、前記Ｘ線照射検出手段は、前記Ｘ線準備要求信号または前記Ｘ線曝射要求信号をトリガとして作動することを特徴とするものである。 In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has the following configuration.
That is, an X-ray apparatus according to the present invention includes an X-ray generation unit that irradiates a subject with X-rays, an X-ray irradiation switch for instructing the X-ray generation unit, and an X-ray transmitted through the subject. X-ray detection means for detecting the X-ray as an image signal, wherein the X-ray exposure switch includes a first switch for outputting an X-ray preparation request signal for causing the X-ray generation means to be in a ready state, and the X-ray generation means A second switch that outputs an X-ray exposure request signal that permits X-ray irradiation from the X-ray detection means, and the X-ray detection means has started to irradiate X-rays to the X-ray detection means X-ray irradiation detection means for detecting X-ray irradiation, and X-ray irradiation detection means for reading out X-rays irradiated after the X-ray irradiation is detected by the X-ray irradiation detection means as an image signal. The X-ray preparation request signal or the X-ray exposure It is characterized in that to operate the request signal as a trigger.

［作用・効果］この発明に係るＸ線装置によれば、Ｘ線曝射スイッチは、Ｘ線発生手段を準備状態にさせるＸ線準備要求信号を出力する第１スイッチと、Ｘ線発生手段からＸ線を照射することを許可するＸ線曝射要求信号を出力する第２スイッチとを有している。Ｘ線検出手段は、当該Ｘ線検出手段に対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するＸ線照射検出手段と、Ｘ線照射検出手段によりＸ線照射が検出された後に照射されたＸ線を画像信号として読み出す読み出し手段とを有している。さらに、Ｘ線照射検出手段は、Ｘ線準備要求信号またはＸ線曝射要求信号をトリガとして作動する。したがって、従来のような操作者による入力部の操作に同期して自動Ｘ線検出モードに移行するのと相違して、実際にＸ線を照射しようとするタイミングでのＸ線準備要求信号またはＸ線曝射要求信号のトリガに同期してＸ線照射検出手段は作動してＸ線検出手段に対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するので、実際に照射されるＸ線のタイミングでＸ線を正確に検出してＸ線画像として画像信号を読み出す。また、Ｘ線準備要求信号またはＸ線曝射要求信号の受信のみで済むので、その他の信号の送受信などを行う必要はない。このように、Ｘ線検出手段に対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するＸ線照射検出手段と、Ｘ線準備要求信号またはＸ線曝射要求信号の受信とを組み合わせることで、追加の操作を要求することなく適切なタイミングでＸ線照射検出手段による自動Ｘ線検出モードに移行させることができ、Ｘ線の誤検出を防止することができる。   [Operation / Effect] According to the X-ray apparatus of the present invention, the X-ray irradiation switch includes the first switch for outputting the X-ray preparation request signal for setting the X-ray generation means to the preparation state, and the X-ray generation means. And a second switch that outputs an X-ray exposure request signal that permits X-ray irradiation. The X-ray detection means includes an X-ray irradiation detection means for detecting that X-ray irradiation has started to be applied to the X-ray detection means, and an X-ray irradiated after the X-ray irradiation is detected by the X-ray irradiation detection means. Readout means for reading out lines as image signals. Further, the X-ray irradiation detection means operates using an X-ray preparation request signal or an X-ray exposure request signal as a trigger. Therefore, unlike the conventional case of shifting to the automatic X-ray detection mode in synchronization with the operation of the input unit by the operator, the X-ray preparation request signal or X The X-ray irradiation detection means operates in synchronization with the trigger of the X-ray exposure request signal and detects that X-rays are started to be irradiated to the X-ray detection means. X-rays are accurately detected and image signals are read out as X-ray images. Further, since it is only necessary to receive the X-ray preparation request signal or the X-ray exposure request signal, it is not necessary to transmit / receive other signals. As described above, an X-ray irradiation detection unit that detects that X-rays are started to be irradiated to the X-ray detection unit and the reception of the X-ray preparation request signal or the X-ray exposure request signal are combined. Therefore, it is possible to shift to the automatic X-ray detection mode by the X-ray irradiation detection means at an appropriate timing without requesting the operation, and it is possible to prevent X-ray erroneous detection.

この発明に係るＸ線装置では、Ｘ線準備要求信号またはＸ線曝射要求信号を送受信するので、ケーブルでの電気的接続による有線であってもよいし、無線であってもよく、特に限定されない。無線の場合には、Ｘ線準備要求信号またはＸ線曝射要求信号を無線で送信する送信手段を更に有し、Ｘ線照射検出手段は、当該信号を無線で受信する受信手段を備えるのが好ましい。無線により構成した場合には、既存のシステムにおけるハンドスイッチ等に送信手段を設けることにより、追加の配線作業を行わずとも同効果を得ることが可能となる。   In the X-ray apparatus according to the present invention, since the X-ray preparation request signal or the X-ray exposure request signal is transmitted and received, it may be wired by electrical connection with a cable or may be wireless, and is particularly limited. Not. In the case of wireless, it further includes transmission means for wirelessly transmitting an X-ray preparation request signal or X-ray exposure request signal, and the X-ray irradiation detection means includes reception means for wirelessly receiving the signal. preferable. When configured wirelessly, the same effect can be obtained without performing additional wiring work by providing a transmission means in a hand switch or the like in an existing system.

なお、Ｘ線準備要求信号またはＸ線曝射要求信号を無線で送受信する場合においても、Ｘ線曝射スイッチと、Ｘ線発生手段とはケーブルで接続されており、送信手段は、Ｘ線曝射スイッチとＸ線発生手段との間に設けられていてもよい。   Even when the X-ray preparation request signal or the X-ray exposure request signal is transmitted and received wirelessly, the X-ray exposure switch and the X-ray generation means are connected by a cable, and the transmission means is an X-ray exposure. It may be provided between the shooting switch and the X-ray generation means.

Ｘ線照射検出手段は、複数の画素を束ねて読み出した結果の信号に基づいて、Ｘ線が照射され始めたことを検出する。この場合には、画像信号を得るための画素とは別の手段を必要としない効果を奏する。もちろん、画像信号を得るための画素とは別の手段によってＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出してもよい。   The X-ray irradiation detection means detects that X-rays have started to be irradiated based on a signal obtained by bundling and reading a plurality of pixels. In this case, there is an effect that means different from the pixel for obtaining the image signal is not required. Of course, it may be detected that X-rays have started to be emitted by means other than the pixel for obtaining the image signal.

この発明に係るＸ線装置によれば、Ｘ線検出手段に対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するＸ線照射検出手段と、Ｘ線準備要求信号またはＸ線曝射要求信号の受信とを組み合わせる。その結果、追加の操作を要求することなく適切なタイミングで自動Ｘ線検出モードに移行させることができ、Ｘ線の誤検出を防止することができる。特に、無線により構成した場合には、既存のシステムにおけるハンドスイッチ等に送信手段を設けることにより、追加の配線作業などを行わずとも同効果を得ることが可能となる。   According to the X-ray apparatus of the present invention, the X-ray irradiation detection means for detecting that the X-ray detection means has started to be irradiated and the reception of the X-ray preparation request signal or the X-ray exposure request signal. And combine. As a result, it is possible to shift to the automatic X-ray detection mode at an appropriate timing without requiring an additional operation, and it is possible to prevent erroneous detection of X-rays. In particular, when configured wirelessly, it is possible to obtain the same effect without performing additional wiring work or the like by providing transmission means in a hand switch or the like in an existing system.

実施例に係るＸ線装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the X-ray apparatus which concerns on an Example. 実施例に係るＸ線画像として画像信号を読み出す一連の処理の流れを示すタイミングチャートである。It is a timing chart which shows the flow of a series of processes which read an image signal as an X-ray image which concerns on an Example. 変形例に係るＸ線装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the X-ray apparatus which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係るＸ線装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the X-ray apparatus which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係るＸ線装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the X-ray apparatus which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係るＸ線装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the X-ray apparatus which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係るＸ線装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the X-ray apparatus which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係るＸ線装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the X-ray apparatus which concerns on a modification. 従来のＦＰＤ制御部と高電圧発生部とをケーブルで電気的に接続したブロック図である。It is the block diagram which electrically connected the conventional FPD control part and the high voltage generation part with the cable.

以下、図面を参照してこの発明の実施例を説明する。
図１は、実施例に係るＸ線装置のブロック図であり、図２は、実施例に係るＸ線画像として画像信号を読み出す一連の処理の流れを示すタイミングチャートである。本実施例では、回診用あるいは外部での応急撮影に用いられるＸ線装置を例に採って説明する。したがって、本実施例に係るＸ線装置では、Ｘ線管は、Ｘ線装置の周辺に独立して設けられるものとする。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the X-ray apparatus according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a timing chart illustrating a flow of a series of processes for reading an image signal as an X-ray image according to the embodiment. In this embodiment, an X-ray apparatus used for round visits or external emergency imaging will be described as an example. Therefore, in the X-ray apparatus according to the present embodiment, the X-ray tube is provided independently around the X-ray apparatus.

図１に示すように、Ｘ線装置１は、フラットパネル型Ｘ線検出器（ＦＰＤ）２Ａを制御するＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂと、Ｘ線を画像信号として読み出すフラットパネル型Ｘ線検出器（ＦＰＤ）２Ａとを備えている。このＦＰＤ２ＡとＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂとで、Ｘ線を検出するＸ線検出部３を構成する。ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは、ＣＰＵ（中央演算処理装置）やＦＰＧＡ（プログラマブルロジックデバイス）などを搭載した基板などで構成されている。フラットパネル型Ｘ線検出器（ＦＰＤ）２Ａは、この発明における読み出し手段に相当し、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは、この発明におけるＸ線照射検出手段に相当し、（ＦＰＤ２ＡとＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂとを有した）Ｘ線検出部３は、この発明におけるＸ線検出手段に相当する。   As shown in FIG. 1, an X-ray apparatus 1 includes an FPD control unit 2B that controls a flat panel X-ray detector (FPD) 2A, and a flat panel X-ray detector (FPD) that reads X-rays as image signals. 2A. The FPD 2A and the FPD control unit 2B constitute an X-ray detection unit 3 that detects X-rays. The FPD control unit 2B includes a substrate on which a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an FPGA (Programmable Logic Device), and the like are mounted. The flat panel X-ray detector (FPD) 2A corresponds to the reading means in the present invention, and the FPD control unit 2B corresponds to the X-ray irradiation detection means in the present invention, and has the (FPD 2A and FPD control unit 2B). The X-ray detector 3 corresponds to the X-ray detector in the present invention.

この他に、Ｘ線装置１は、統括制御するパーソナルコンピュータ４と、Ｘ線画像や操作画面などを出力表示するモニタ５とを備えている。本実施例では、Ｘ線装置１は、パーソナルコンピュータ４やモニタ５を備えたが、パーソナルコンピュータ４やモニタ５についても、Ｘ線装置の周辺に独立して設けられてもよい。   In addition, the X-ray apparatus 1 includes a personal computer 4 that performs overall control, and a monitor 5 that outputs and displays an X-ray image, an operation screen, and the like. In the present embodiment, the X-ray apparatus 1 includes the personal computer 4 and the monitor 5, but the personal computer 4 and the monitor 5 may also be provided independently around the X-ray apparatus.

ＦＰＤ２ＡとＦＰＤ制御部２ＢとをケーブルＣ１で電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結ぶ。また、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂとパーソナルコンピュータ４とをケーブルＣ２で電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結び、パーソナルコンピュータ４とモニタ５とをケーブルＣ３で電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結ぶ。これらの電気的接続については、必ずしも有線である必要はなく、無線であってもよいし、有線および無線を両方組み合わせてもよい。 A FPD2A and FPD controller 2B connects both wired by electrically connecting a cable C 1. Also, bear both wired by electrically connecting the FPD controller 2B and the personal computer 4 in the cable C 2, and a personal computer 4 and the monitor 5 both by electrically connecting a cable C 3 Connect by wire. These electrical connections are not necessarily wired, and may be wireless, or a combination of both wired and wireless.

さらに、Ｘ線を発生させる高電圧発生部１１や、２段押しタイプのＸ線曝射スイッチ１２などを設けている。高電圧発生部１１は管電圧や管電流を発生させてＸ線管（本実施例の図１、図２では図示を省略）に与えることでＸ線管からＸ線を被検体（図１、図２では図示省略）に照射する。Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２は、高電圧発生部１１（、さらにはＸ線管）を準備状態にさせるＸ線準備要求信号を出力する第１スイッチと、高電圧発生部１１（、さらにはＸ線管）からＸ線を照射することを許可するＸ線曝射要求信号を出力する第２スイッチとを有している。その他に、当該Ｘ線準備要求信号をトリガとしてＸ線照射前にＸ線管のターゲットを回転させるなどのようにＸ線管を準備状態に移行させる制御なども高電圧発生部１１は行う。高電圧発生部１１は、この発明におけるＸ線発生手段に相当し、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２は、この発明におけるＸ線曝射スイッチに相当する。   Furthermore, a high voltage generator 11 for generating X-rays, a two-stage push type X-ray exposure switch 12 and the like are provided. The high voltage generator 11 generates a tube voltage and a tube current and applies them to the X-ray tube (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the present embodiment), so that X-rays are emitted from the X-ray tube (FIG. 1, FIG. 1). 2). The X-ray exposure switch 12 includes a first switch that outputs an X-ray preparation request signal that causes the high-voltage generation unit 11 (and also the X-ray tube) to be in a preparation state, and the high-voltage generation unit 11 (and further the X-ray). And a second switch for outputting an X-ray exposure request signal permitting X-ray irradiation from the tube. In addition, the high voltage generator 11 also performs control such as rotating the target of the X-ray tube to rotate the target of the X-ray tube before X-ray irradiation using the X-ray preparation request signal as a trigger. The high voltage generator 11 corresponds to the X-ray generating means in the present invention, and the X-ray exposure switch 12 corresponds to the X-ray exposure switch in the present invention.

同様に、高電圧発生部１１とＸ線曝射スイッチ１２とをケーブルＣ１１で電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結ぶ。また、高電圧発生部１１とＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂとの間を無線で通信できるように、高電圧発生部１１は無線通信部１１ａを搭載し、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは受信部２ａを搭載している。無線通信部１１ａは、電磁波や光からなる信号を送受信する機能を有し、受信部２ａは、電磁波や光からなる信号を受信する機能を有している。なお、図１では、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは受信部２ａを備えているが、信号を少なくとも受信する機能を有するのであれば、送信する機能をも搭載した無線通信部を有し、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂから後述するＸ線準備要求信号やＸ線曝射要求信号以外の信号を例えば高電圧発生部１１に送信してもよい。受信部２ａは、この発明における受信手段に相当し、無線通信部１１ａは、この発明における送信手段に相当する。 Similarly, connecting both wired by electrically connecting the high voltage generator 11 and the X-ray irradiation switch 12 in the cable C 11. The high voltage generator 11 is equipped with a wireless communication unit 11a, and the FPD controller 2B is equipped with a receiver 2a so that the high voltage generator 11 and the FPD controller 2B can communicate wirelessly. . The wireless communication unit 11a has a function of transmitting and receiving signals composed of electromagnetic waves and light, and the receiving unit 2a has a function of receiving signals composed of electromagnetic waves and light. In FIG. 1, the FPD control unit 2B includes the reception unit 2a. However, if the FPD control unit 2B has a function of receiving at least a signal, the FPD control unit 2B includes a wireless communication unit that also has a function of transmitting signals. A signal other than an X-ray preparation request signal and an X-ray exposure request signal, which will be described later, may be transmitted to the high voltage generator 11, for example. The receiving unit 2a corresponds to the receiving unit in the present invention, and the wireless communication unit 11a corresponds to the transmitting unit in the present invention.

受信部２ａを備えることで、Ｘ線準備要求信号やＸ線曝射要求信号を無線でＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂが受信する。また、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは、Ｘ線曝射要求信号を受信したら当該Ｘ線曝射要求信号をトリガとしてＦＰＤ２Ａに対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出する制御（すなわち自動Ｘ線検出モードに移行させる制御）を行う。なお、無線の媒介となるのは、電磁波や光などに例示されるように特に限定されない。また、光を受信する場合においても、可視光や赤外線など光の種類についても特に限定されない。   By providing the receiving unit 2a, the FPD control unit 2B wirelessly receives the X-ray preparation request signal and the X-ray exposure request signal. The FPD control unit 2B, when receiving the X-ray exposure request signal, detects that the X-ray starts to be emitted to the FPD 2A using the X-ray exposure request signal as a trigger (that is, automatic X-ray detection mode). (Control to shift to). Note that the wireless medium is not particularly limited, as exemplified by electromagnetic waves and light. Also, when receiving light, the type of light such as visible light or infrared light is not particularly limited.

続いて、Ｘ線画像を読み出す処理について説明する。Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２（図１を参照）の１段目を押すこと（半押し）でＸ線準備要求信号を出力して、ケーブルＣ１１（図１を参照）を介して図１、図２では図示を省略するＸ線管のターゲットを回転させるなどのように高電圧発生部１１やＸ線管を準備状態にしてＸ線照射信号をＯＮにする。Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２の２段目をさらに押すこと（全押し）で、ケーブルＣ１１を介して高電圧発生部１１（図１を参照）の無線通信部１１ａ（図１を参照）からＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂ（図１を参照）の受信部２ａ（図１を参照）にＸ線曝射要求信号を出力して送信する。 Next, a process for reading an X-ray image will be described. When the first stage of the X-ray exposure switch 12 (see FIG. 1) is pressed (half-pressed), an X-ray preparation request signal is output, and the cable C 11 (see FIG. 1) is used to output the FIG. In 2, the X-ray irradiation signal is turned on with the high voltage generator 11 and the X-ray tube in a ready state, such as rotating a target of the X-ray tube (not shown). By pressing further the second-stage X-ray irradiation switch 12 (full press), FPD via the cable C 11 from the wireless communication unit 11a of the high voltage generating unit 11 (see FIG. 1) (see Figure 1) An X-ray exposure request signal is output and transmitted to the receiving unit 2a (see FIG. 1) of the control unit 2B (see FIG. 1).

図２に示すように、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂの受信部２ａがＸ線曝射要求信号を受信すると、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは、ＦＰＤ２Ａ（図１を参照）に対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するモード（図２では「自動Ｘ線検出モード」と表記）に移行する。自動Ｘ線検出モードでは、駆動信号を高速にＯＮ・ＯＦＦを繰り返すことで、図２に示すように信号を高速にサンプリング（図２では「高速サンプリング」と表記）する。この高速サンプリングは信号をリセットする機能をも有する。   As shown in FIG. 2, when the receiving unit 2a of the FPD control unit 2B receives the X-ray exposure request signal, the FPD control unit 2B starts irradiating the FPD 2A (see FIG. 1) with X-rays. Shifts to a mode for detecting (referred to as “automatic X-ray detection mode” in FIG. 2). In the automatic X-ray detection mode, the drive signal is repeatedly turned ON / OFF at a high speed, thereby sampling the signal at a high speed as shown in FIG. 2 (indicated as “high-speed sampling” in FIG. 2). This high speed sampling also has a function of resetting the signal.

一方、高電圧発生部１１では、従来のようにＸ線曝射許可信号の受信を待たずに、Ｘ線曝射要求信号を送信したらＸ線管からＸ線を照射するように照射開始の指令を高電圧発生部１１からＸ線管に与える。そして、Ｘ線管からＸ線の照射を開始する。Ｘ線管からＸ線を被検体（図１、図２では図示省略）に照射して、被検体を透過したＸ線をＦＰＤ２Ａが検出する。   On the other hand, the high voltage generation unit 11 does not wait for reception of the X-ray exposure permission signal as in the prior art, and when the X-ray exposure request signal is transmitted, the irradiation start command is issued so that X-rays are emitted from the X-ray tube. From the high voltage generator 11 to the X-ray tube. Then, X-ray irradiation is started from the X-ray tube. The X-ray tube irradiates the subject (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) with the X-ray, and the FPD 2A detects the X-ray transmitted through the subject.

すると、高速サンプリングから駆動信号を所定時間にＯＮ状態に移行することで、図２に示すように、ＦＰＤ２ＡからＸ線画像を読み出す画像読み出し動作を行う。つまり、被検体を透過したＸ線をＦＰＤ２Ａが検出して、電荷に変換してＦＰＤ２Ａのキャパシタ（図示省略）に一旦蓄積する。駆動信号をＯＮにしているので、キャパシタに蓄積された電荷が読み出されて電気信号としてＸ線検出信号（画像信号）が読み出される。このＸ線検出信号（画像信号）をＦＰＤ２Ａの検出素子（図示省略）毎に並べて画素値として出力することで、Ｘ線画像が読み出される。   Then, as shown in FIG. 2, an image reading operation for reading an X-ray image from the FPD 2A is performed by shifting the drive signal to the ON state at a predetermined time from high-speed sampling. That is, the FPD 2A detects X-rays that have passed through the subject, converts them into electric charges, and temporarily accumulates them in a capacitor (not shown) of the FPD 2A. Since the drive signal is turned on, the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor is read and an X-ray detection signal (image signal) is read as an electric signal. By arranging this X-ray detection signal (image signal) for each detection element (not shown) of the FPD 2A and outputting it as a pixel value, an X-ray image is read out.

ＦＰＤ２Ａに対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するには以下のようにして行う。具体的には、ＦＰＤ２ＡのＴＦＴ（図示省略）をＯＮにして読み出す動作を繰り返すことで、ＦＰＤ２Ａに対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出することができる。ＦＰＤ２Ａの全てのデータライン（図示省略）の出力を合計した値が、ある閾値以上になったときに、Ｘ線が照射され始めたと認識して、その後、予め決められた蓄積時間だけＴＦＴを閉じる。この蓄積時間は、撮影条件で管電流[mA]，管電圧[kV]とともに定められている時間よりも長い時間にすればよい。その後、通常のシーケンスで画素毎に読み出しを行う。なお、ＦＰＤ２Ａの全てのデータラインの出力を合計した値に限定されず、撮像あるいは透視される被検体の部位によっては、特定の範囲のデータラインの出力を合計した値を用いて、ＦＰＤ２Ａに対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出してもよい。   In order to detect that X-rays have started to be emitted to the FPD 2A, the following is performed. Specifically, it is possible to detect that X-rays have started to be irradiated to the FPD 2A by repeating the reading operation with the TFT (not shown) of the FPD 2A turned on. When the sum of the outputs of all data lines (not shown) of the FPD 2A exceeds a certain threshold value, it is recognized that X-rays have begun to be emitted, and then the TFT is closed for a predetermined accumulation time. . The accumulation time may be longer than the time determined together with the tube current [mA] and the tube voltage [kV] in the imaging conditions. Thereafter, readout is performed for each pixel in a normal sequence. Note that the output of all data lines of the FPD 2A is not limited to a total value, and depending on the region of the subject to be imaged or seen through, a value obtained by adding the outputs of the data lines in a specific range can be used for the FPD 2A. Then, it may be detected that X-rays have started to be irradiated.

もちろん、線量計を別途備えてもよい。ただし、ＦＰＤ２Ａの有効領域全体をサポートする線量計を別途設けるとＸ線の検出が妨げられる恐れがあり、逆にＦＰＤ２Ａの一部のみに線量計を設けると検知漏れが生じる。その意味では、上述のシーケンスで行えば線量計を設けなくともＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出することができる。   Of course, a dosimeter may be provided separately. However, if a dosimeter that supports the entire effective area of the FPD 2A is provided separately, detection of X-rays may be hindered. Conversely, if a dosimeter is provided only on a part of the FPD 2A, detection failure occurs. In that sense, if the above sequence is performed, it can be detected that X-rays have begun to be emitted without providing a dosimeter.

予め設定された照射時間が経過したら、Ｘ線管にＸ線の照射を終了するように照射終了の指令を高電圧発生部１１からＸ線管に与える。そして、Ｘ線管からＸ線の照射を終了して、さらにＸ線照射信号をＯＦＦにする。   When a preset irradiation time has elapsed, a command to end irradiation is given from the high voltage generator 11 to the X-ray tube so as to end X-ray irradiation to the X-ray tube. Then, the X-ray irradiation from the X-ray tube is terminated, and the X-ray irradiation signal is further turned off.

読み出されたＸ線画像については、ケーブルＣ１（図１を参照）を介してＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂに送り込んで、さらに、ケーブルＣ２（図１を参照）を介してパーソナルコンピュータ４に送り込む。また、送り込まれたＸ線画像に対して、パーソナルコンピュータ４にて、必要に応じて画像処理（ラグ補正やオフセット補正などの処理）を行う。送り込まれたＸ線画像を, ＲＡＭ（Random-Access Memory）などに代表される記憶媒体（図示省略）に一旦に書き込んで記憶してから、読み出してモニタ５（図１を参照）に出力表示あるいはプリンタ（図示省略）に出力印刷する。このようにして、静止画のＸ線画像が出力されて、被検体の撮影が行われる。 The read X-ray image is sent to the FPD control unit 2B via the cable C 1 (see FIG. 1), and further sent to the personal computer 4 via the cable C 2 (see FIG. 1). The personal computer 4 performs image processing (processing such as lag correction and offset correction) on the sent X-ray image as necessary. The sent X-ray image is temporarily written and stored in a storage medium (not shown) such as RAM (Random-Access Memory), and then read and displayed on the monitor 5 (see FIG. 1). Output and print to a printer (not shown). In this way, an X-ray image of a still image is output and the subject is imaged.

なお、被検体の透視についても、同様の手順で行えばよい。透視時には、撮影時よりも微弱な線量のＸ線を照射して得られたＸ線画像を逐次にリアルタイムでモニタ５に表示することで動画のＸ線画像がモニタ５上に得られる。この場合には、Ｘ線を透視の間にわたって照射し続け、駆動信号を透視の間にわたってＯＮにし続ければよい。なお、透視時におけるＸ線曝射要求信号の受信のタイミングや、自動Ｘ線検出モードへの移行時のタイミングについては、撮影時と同じであるので、説明を省略する。   Note that the same procedure may be used for fluoroscopy of the subject. At the time of fluoroscopy, an X-ray image obtained by irradiating X-rays with a weaker dose than that at the time of imaging is sequentially displayed on the monitor 5 in real time, whereby a moving X-ray image is obtained on the monitor 5. In this case, X-rays may be continuously irradiated during fluoroscopy, and the drive signal may be kept ON during fluoroscopy. Note that the timing of reception of the X-ray exposure request signal during fluoroscopy and the timing of shifting to the automatic X-ray detection mode are the same as during imaging, and thus description thereof is omitted.

本実施例に係るＸ線装置１によれば、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２は、高電圧発生部１１やＸ線管を準備状態にさせるＸ線準備要求信号を出力する第１スイッチと、高電圧発生部１１からＸ線を照射することを許可するＸ線曝射要求信号を出力する第２スイッチとを有している。Ｘ線発生部３は、ＦＰＤ２Ａに対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂと、ＦＰＤ制御部２ＢによりＸ線照射が検出された後に照射されたＸ線をＸ線検出信号（画像信号）として読み出すフラットパネル型Ｘ線検出器（ＦＰＤ）２Ａとを有している。さらに、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは、Ｘ線曝射要求信号をトリガとして作動する。したがって、従来のような操作者による入力部の操作に同期して自動Ｘ線検出モードに移行するのと相違して、実際にＸ線を照射しようとするタイミングでのＸ線曝射要求信号のトリガに同期してＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは作動してＦＰＤ２Ａに対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するので、実際に照射されるＸ線のタイミングでＸ線を正確に検出してＸ線画像として画像信号を読み出す。また、Ｘ線曝射要求信号の受信のみで済むので、その他の信号の送受信などを行う必要はない。このように、ＦＰＤ２Ａに対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂと、Ｘ線曝射要求信号の受信とを組み合わせることで、追加の操作を要求することなく適切なタイミングでＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂによる自動Ｘ線検出モードに移行させることができ、Ｘ線の誤検出を防止することができる。   According to the X-ray apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the X-ray exposure switch 12 includes a first switch that outputs an X-ray preparation request signal that causes the high voltage generator 11 and the X-ray tube to be in a preparation state, and a high voltage And a second switch that outputs an X-ray exposure request signal that permits X-ray irradiation from the generation unit 11. The X-ray generation unit 3 detects an X-ray detected after the X-ray irradiation is detected by the FPD control unit 2B, and the FPD control unit 2B that detects that the FPD 2A has started X-ray irradiation. A flat panel X-ray detector (FPD) 2A that reads out as a signal (image signal). Further, the FPD control unit 2B operates with an X-ray exposure request signal as a trigger. Therefore, unlike the conventional case of shifting to the automatic X-ray detection mode in synchronization with the operation of the input unit by the operator, the X-ray exposure request signal at the timing of actually irradiating X-rays. In synchronization with the trigger, the FPD control unit 2B operates to detect that X-rays have started to be emitted to the FPD 2A. Therefore, X-rays are accurately detected at the timing of X-rays that are actually emitted. An image signal is read out as an image. Further, since it is only necessary to receive the X-ray exposure request signal, it is not necessary to transmit / receive other signals. In this way, by combining the FPD control unit 2B that detects that X-rays have started to be emitted to the FPD 2A and the reception of the X-ray exposure request signal, an appropriate timing can be obtained without requiring an additional operation. Thus, it is possible to shift to the automatic X-ray detection mode by the FPD control unit 2B and prevent erroneous detection of X-rays.

本実施例では、Ｘ線曝射要求信号を無線で送信する無線通信部１１ａを更に有し、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは、当該信号を無線で受信する受信部２ａを備えるのが好ましい。無線により構成した場合には、既存のシステムにおけるハンドスイッチ等に送信手段（無線通信部１１ａ）を設けることにより、追加の配線作業を行わずとも同効果を得ることが可能となる。   In the present embodiment, it is preferable to further include a wireless communication unit 11a that wirelessly transmits an X-ray exposure request signal, and the FPD control unit 2B includes a reception unit 2a that wirelessly receives the signal. When configured wirelessly, the same effect can be obtained without additional wiring work by providing a transmission means (wireless communication unit 11a) in a hand switch or the like in an existing system.

ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂは、複数の画素を束ねて読み出した結果の信号に基づいて、Ｘ線が照射され始めたことを検出する。この場合には、画像信号を得るための画素とは別の手段（例えば線量計）を必要としない効果を奏する。もちろん、上述したように、画像信号を得るための画素とは別の手段（例えば線量計）によってＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出してもよい。   The FPD control unit 2B detects that X-rays have started to be emitted based on a signal obtained by bundling and reading a plurality of pixels. In this case, there is an effect that means different from the pixel for obtaining the image signal (for example, a dosimeter) is not required. Of course, as described above, it may be detected that X-rays have started to be irradiated by means other than the pixel for obtaining the image signal (for example, a dosimeter).

この発明は、上記実施形態に限られることはなく、下記のように変形実施することができる。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as follows.

（１）上述した実施例では、読み出し手段として、フラットパネル型Ｘ線検出器（ＦＰＤ）を例に採って説明したが、蛍光体を有した検出器によりＸ線を光に変換して、光読み取り器によって励起された信号を読み出すタイプなどに例示されるように、読み出し手段としては特に限定されない。ただ、信号に同期してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するモード（自動Ｘ線検出モード）に移行するので、制御のし易さを考慮すると、Ｘ線を検出して、検出されたＸ線を変換してディジタル信号を読み出すディジタルタイプの読み出し手段の方が好ましい。   (1) In the above-described embodiment, a flat panel X-ray detector (FPD) has been described as an example of reading means. However, X-rays are converted into light by a detector having a phosphor, and light is emitted. The reading means is not particularly limited as exemplified by the type of reading the signal excited by the reader. However, since it shifts to a mode (automatic X-ray detection mode) for detecting the start of X-ray irradiation in synchronization with the signal, X-rays are detected and detected in consideration of ease of control. A digital type reading means for converting X-rays and reading a digital signal is preferable.

（２）上述した実施例では、Ｘ線曝射要求信号を受信するのに、図１に示すようにＸ線曝射要求信号を無線でＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂが受信する受信部２ａを備えたが、無線でなくてもよい。図３に示すように、ＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂと高電圧発生部１１とをケーブルＣ２１で電気的に接続することによって、ケーブルでの電気的接続による有線を採用してもよい。 (2) In the above-described embodiment, the X-ray exposure request signal is received by the FPD control unit 2B wirelessly receiving the X-ray exposure request signal as shown in FIG. It does not have to be wireless. As shown in FIG. 3, by electrically connecting the FPD controller 2B and the high voltage generator 11 by a cable C 21, may be employed wired by electrical connection with the cable.

（３）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように無線通信部１１ａが高電圧発生部１１に搭載される構造であったが、図４に示すように、無線通信部１３を高電圧発生部１１から独立して設け、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２と無線通信部１３とをケーブルＣ１２で電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結び、高電圧発生部１１と無線通信部１３とをケーブルＣ１３で電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結ぶ構造であってもよい。このように、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２と、高電圧発生部１１（Ｘ線発生手段）とはケーブルＣ１２，Ｃ１３で接続されており、無線通信部１３（送信手段）は、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２と高電圧発生部１１（Ｘ線発生手段）との間に設けられていてもよい。 (3) In the above-described embodiment, the wireless communication unit 11a is mounted on the high voltage generation unit 11 as shown in FIG. 1, but the wireless communication unit 13 generates high voltage as shown in FIG. provided independently of the section 11, the X-ray irradiation switch 12 and the radio communication unit 13 bear both wired by electrically connecting a cable C 12, and a high voltage generating unit 11 and the wireless communication section 13 both by electrically connecting a cable C 13 may have a structure for connecting a wire to. Thus, the X-ray exposure switch 12 and the high voltage generator 11 (X-ray generator) are connected by the cables C 12 and C 13 , and the radio communication unit 13 (transmitter) is connected to the X-ray exposure switch 12. It may be provided between the shooting switch 12 and the high voltage generator 11 (X-ray generator).

（４）上述した実施例では、図１に示すように高電圧発生部１１とＸ線曝射スイッチ１２とはケーブルＣ１１で電気的に接続される構造であったが、図５に示すように高電圧発生部１１・Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２間も無線で通信してもよい。この場合には、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２に無線通信部（図示省略）を搭載し、高電圧発生部１１は受信部１１ｂを搭載する。そして、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２を全押ししたときに、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２からＸ線曝射要求信号を無線でＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂの受信部２ａに送信するとともに、同時にＸ線曝射要求信号を無線で高電圧発生部１１の受信部１１ｂに送信する。図５の場合には、図１と比較すると送信によるタイムラグを低減させることができる。このように、Ｘ線曝射要求信号の送信元については、必ずしもＸ線発生手段（実施例では高電圧発生部１１）に限定されず、Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２であってもよい。 (4) In the foregoing embodiment, although a structure in which the high voltage generator 11 and the X-ray irradiation switch 12 are electrically connected by a cable C 11 as shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 5 In addition, the high voltage generator 11 and the X-ray exposure switch 12 may communicate wirelessly. In this case, a radio communication unit (not shown) is mounted on the X-ray exposure switch 12, and the high voltage generation unit 11 is mounted with a reception unit 11b. When the X-ray exposure switch 12 is fully pressed, an X-ray exposure request signal is wirelessly transmitted from the X-ray exposure switch 12 to the receiving unit 2a of the FPD control unit 2B, and at the same time an X-ray exposure request The signal is wirelessly transmitted to the receiving unit 11b of the high voltage generating unit 11. In the case of FIG. 5, the time lag due to transmission can be reduced as compared with FIG. Thus, the transmission source of the X-ray exposure request signal is not necessarily limited to the X-ray generation means (the high voltage generation unit 11 in the embodiment), and may be the X-ray exposure switch 12.

（５）上述した実施例では、図１に示すようにＦＰＤ２ＡとＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂとは互いに分離した構造であったが、図６に示すようにＦＰＤ２Ａ内にＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂを内蔵する構造であってもよい。図６の構造では、図１と同様にＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂ・高電圧発生部１１間を無線で通信しているが、図３と同様にＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂ・高電圧発生部１１間を有線で結んでもよいし、図４と同様に無線通信部１３を高電圧発生部１１から独立して設けてもよいし、図５と同様に高電圧発生部１１・Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２間も無線で通信してもよい。   (5) In the above-described embodiment, the FPD 2A and the FPD control unit 2B are separated from each other as shown in FIG. 1, but the FPD control unit 2B is built in the FPD 2A as shown in FIG. There may be. In the structure of FIG. 6, the FPD control unit 2B and the high voltage generation unit 11 communicate wirelessly as in FIG. 1, but the FPD control unit 2B and the high voltage generation unit 11 are wired as in FIG. The wireless communication unit 13 may be provided independently of the high voltage generation unit 11 as in FIG. 4, or between the high voltage generation unit 11 and the X-ray exposure switch 12 as in FIG. You may communicate with.

（６）上述した実施例では、図１に示すようにＸ線曝射要求信号の受信先はＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂであったが、図７に示すようにＸ線曝射要求信号をトリガとして作動する、Ｘ線が照射され始めたことを検出するＸ線照射検出手段はパーソナルコンピュータ４であってもよい。図７の構造では、パーソナルコンピュータ４は、ケーブルＣ１，Ｃ２およびＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂを介してＦＰＤ２Ａを間接的に制御する。このように、Ｘ線曝射要求信号の受信先（すなわちＸ線照射検出手段）については、ＦＰＤ２Ａを直接的に制御するＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂに必ずしも限定されず、ＦＰＤ２Ａを間接的に制御するパーソナルコンピュータ４であってもよい。図７の構造では、図１と同様に無線で通信しているが、図３と同様に有線で結んでもよいし、図４と同様に無線通信部１３を高電圧発生部１１から独立して設けてもよいし、図５と同様に高電圧発生部１１・Ｘ線曝射スイッチ１２間も無線で通信してもよい。この変形例（６）では、パーソナルコンピュータ４は、この発明におけるＸ線照射検出手段に相当する。 (6) In the above-described embodiment, the receiver of the X-ray exposure request signal is the FPD control unit 2B as shown in FIG. 1, but it operates with the X-ray exposure request signal as a trigger as shown in FIG. The X-ray irradiation detection means for detecting that X-ray irradiation has begun may be the personal computer 4. In the structure of FIG. 7, the personal computer 4 indirectly controls the FPD 2A via the cables C 1 and C 2 and the FPD control unit 2B. As described above, the reception destination of the X-ray exposure request signal (that is, the X-ray irradiation detection means) is not necessarily limited to the FPD control unit 2B that directly controls the FPD 2A, but a personal computer that indirectly controls the FPD 2A. 4 may be sufficient. In the structure of FIG. 7, communication is performed wirelessly in the same manner as in FIG. 1, but may be wired in the same manner as in FIG. 3, and the wireless communication unit 13 may be independent of the high voltage generation unit 11 as in FIG. 4. Alternatively, the high voltage generator 11 and the X-ray exposure switch 12 may communicate wirelessly as in FIG. In this modification (6), the personal computer 4 corresponds to the X-ray irradiation detection means in this invention.

（７）上述した実施例では、図１に示すようにＸ線装置１はＸ線管を備えない構造であったが、図８に示すように固定式のＸ線装置１のようにＸ線管１３を備えた構造であってもよい。この場合には、Ｘ線管１３の他に、被検体Ｍを載置する天板１４を備え、Ｘ線管１３および天板１４は被検体Ｍの体軸方向に沿って平行移動（図中の矢印），鉛直方向に昇降移動あるいは被検体Ｍの体軸周りを回転移動させることが可能である。なお、Ｘ線管１３および天板１４の駆動機構や制御機構やそれらを支持する機構等については図示および説明を省略する。また、パーソナルコンピュータ４と高電圧発生部１１とをケーブルＣ４で電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結び、高電圧発生部１１とＸ線曝射スイッチ１２とをケーブルＣ５で電気的に接続することで両者を有線で結ぶ。天板１４に載置された被検体ＭにＸ線管１３からＸ線を照射して、被検体Ｍを透過したＸ線をＦＰＤ２Ａが検出して、Ｘ線画像を取得する。これらの電気的接続については、必ずしも有線である必要はなく、無線であってもよいし、図４〜図７に示すような構造の有線および無線を両方組み合わせてもよい。 (7) In the above-described embodiment, the X-ray apparatus 1 has a structure that does not include an X-ray tube as shown in FIG. 1, but as shown in FIG. The structure provided with the pipe | tube 13 may be sufficient. In this case, in addition to the X-ray tube 13, a top plate 14 on which the subject M is placed is provided, and the X-ray tube 13 and the top plate 14 are translated along the body axis direction of the subject M (in the drawing). The arrow can be moved up and down in the vertical direction or rotated around the body axis of the subject M. In addition, illustration and description are abbreviate | omitted about the drive mechanism and control mechanism of the X-ray tube 13 and the top plate 14, a mechanism which supports them, etc. Further, the personal computer 4 and the high voltage generator 11 bear both wired by electrically connecting a cable C 4, electrical and high voltage generator 11 and the X-ray irradiation switch 12 in the cable C 5 By connecting to, both are wired. The subject M placed on the top 14 is irradiated with X-rays from the X-ray tube 13, and the FPD 2A detects X-rays that have passed through the subject M, thereby acquiring an X-ray image. These electrical connections are not necessarily wired, and may be wireless, or a combination of wired and wireless structures as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 may be combined.

（８）上述した変形例（７）では、図８に示すような装置であったが、３次元画像や断層画像などを取得する断層撮影装置や、被検体の体軸の軸心周りに回転させて撮影するＸ線ＣＴ装置などにも適用することができる。   (8) In the modification (7) described above, the apparatus is as shown in FIG. 8, but the tomography apparatus that acquires a three-dimensional image, a tomographic image, or the like, or rotates around the body axis of the subject The present invention can also be applied to an X-ray CT apparatus that performs imaging.

（９）Ｘ線照射検出手段（実施例ではＦＰＤ制御部２Ｂ）はＸ線曝射要求信号のトリガに同期して作動してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出したが、Ｘ線準備要求信号のトリガに同期して作動してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出してもよい。   (9) The X-ray irradiation detection means (FPD control unit 2B in the embodiment) operates in synchronization with the trigger of the X-ray exposure request signal and detects that X-rays have started to be irradiated. It may be activated in synchronization with the trigger of the signal to detect that X-rays have started to be emitted.

１ … Ｘ線装置
２Ａ … フラットパネル型Ｘ線検出器（ＦＰＤ）
２Ｂ … ＦＰＤ制御部
２ａ … 受信部
３ … Ｘ線検出部
４ … パーソナルコンピュータ
１１ … 高電圧発生部
１１ａ … 無線通信部
１２ … Ｘ線曝射スイッチ
Ｍ … 被検体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... X-ray apparatus 2A ... Flat panel type X-ray detector (FPD)
2B: FPD control unit 2a ... receiving unit 3 ... X-ray detection unit 4 ... personal computer 11 ... high voltage generation unit 11a ... wireless communication unit 12 ... X-ray exposure switch M ... subject

Claims (5)

Ｘ線を被検体に照射するＸ線発生手段と、
前記Ｘ線発生手段に指示するためのＸ線曝射スイッチと、
前記被検体を透過したＸ線を画像信号として検出するＸ線検出手段と
を備え、
前記Ｘ線曝射スイッチは、前記Ｘ線発生手段を準備状態にさせるＸ線準備要求信号を出力する第１スイッチと、前記Ｘ線発生手段からＸ線を照射することを許可するＸ線曝射要求信号を出力する第２スイッチとを有し、
前記Ｘ線検出手段は、
当該Ｘ線検出手段に対してＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出するＸ線照射検出手段と、
前記Ｘ線照射検出手段によりＸ線照射が検出された後に照射されたＸ線を画像信号として読み出す読み出し手段とを有しており、
前記Ｘ線照射検出手段は、前記Ｘ線準備要求信号または前記Ｘ線曝射要求信号をトリガとして作動することを特徴とするＸ線装置。 X-ray generation means for irradiating the subject with X-rays;
An X-ray exposure switch for instructing the X-ray generation means;
X-ray detection means for detecting X-rays transmitted through the subject as an image signal,
The X-ray exposure switch is a first switch that outputs an X-ray preparation request signal that puts the X-ray generation means into a ready state, and an X-ray exposure that permits X-ray irradiation from the X-ray generation means. A second switch for outputting a request signal;
The X-ray detection means
X-ray irradiation detection means for detecting that the X-ray detection means has started to be irradiated with X-rays;
Reading means for reading out the X-rays irradiated after the X-ray irradiation is detected by the X-ray irradiation detection means as an image signal;
The X-ray irradiation detection means operates using the X-ray preparation request signal or the X-ray exposure request signal as a trigger. 前記Ｘ線準備要求信号または前記Ｘ線曝射要求信号を無線で送信する送信手段を更に有し、
前記Ｘ線照射検出手段は、当該信号を無線で受信する受信手段を備えることを特徴とする
請求項１記載のＸ線装置。 Further comprising a transmission means for wirelessly transmitting the X-ray preparation request signal or the X-ray exposure request signal,
The X-ray apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray irradiation detection unit includes a reception unit that wirelessly receives the signal. 前記Ｘ線曝射スイッチと、前記Ｘ線発生手段とはケーブルで接続されており、
前記送信手段は、前記Ｘ線曝射スイッチと前記Ｘ線発生手段との間に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項２記載のＸ線装置。 The X-ray exposure switch and the X-ray generation means are connected by a cable,
The X-ray apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the transmission unit is provided between the X-ray exposure switch and the X-ray generation unit. 前記Ｘ線照射検出手段は、複数の画素を束ねて読み出した結果の信号に基づいて、Ｘ線が照射され始めたことを検出することを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載のＸ線装置。   The X-ray irradiation detection unit detects that X-ray irradiation has started to be started based on a signal obtained by bundling and reading a plurality of pixels. X-ray device. 前記Ｘ線照射検出手段は、画像信号を得るための画素とは別の手段によってＸ線が照射され始めたことを検出することを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載のＸ線装置。   4. The X-ray irradiation according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray irradiation detection unit detects that X-ray irradiation has started by means different from a pixel for obtaining an image signal. 5. apparatus.
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