JP2013219004A - Led light tube for use in fluorescent lamp attachment tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an LED light tube capable of making an illumination pattern of comparatively wide angle and efficient and uniform illumination.SOLUTION: An LED light tube is provided with a semitransparent casing 10 having an opening 13 and a heat sink 20 having a holding part 23. The heat sink 20 is coupled to the casing 10 so that the opening 13 of the casing may be covered with the heat sink 20. The heat sink 20 and the casing 10 constitute a tubular structure having an inner cavity composed of a lower half cavity and an upper half cavity. The holding part 23 is provided with the heat sink 20 located in the lower half cavity, a circuit board 30 fixed to the holding part 23 of the heat sink 20 thermally conductively, one or more LED light sources 40 installed on the circuit board 30, and two end part caps 50 inserted suitably at two ends of the tubular structure.

Description

  The present invention relates generally to LED type light tubes. In particular, the present invention relates to an LED light tube that allows for a relatively wide angle illumination pattern of illumination and enables very efficient and uniform illumination with a very effective luminous flux.

  Fluorescent tube lamps are widely used for commercial, industrial and daily use because of their low cost and high effectiveness. A vast number of fluorescent tubes are already installed worldwide. However, the fluorescent tube lamp uses mercury, which is a harmful substance that emits ultraviolet rays and may adversely affect humans, and its lifetime is limited to about 15000 hours or less.

  As solid-state light sources, LEDs (light emitting diodes) appeared in the 1960s and are becoming more and more popular because they are long-life, sturdy structures, low power consumption, and dimensional changeable products. LED type light tubes have been developed for use in fluorescent lamp fixtures, replacing conventional fluorescent tubes. The LED-type light tube is adjusted to a length and diameter compatible with existing fluorescent lamp fixtures.

  However, due to the point source characteristics and limited illumination angles, the performance of currently available LED light tubes is distributed over a wide illumination angle uniformly with respect to the part to be illuminated in accordance with common lighting design practices. It does not meet the rigorous requirements of lighting professionals that need to match the light intensity of the luminaire to provide sufficient light intensity.

  U.S. Pat. No. 7,049,761 discloses an illuminating light tube comprising a circuit board on which a bulb part and LEDs are attached. The circuit board is attached to a structure with an H-shaped cross section, and all of the LEDs are attached to a higher position in the upper half of the bulb portion. In this light tube, the lower half of the light path is blocked by the H-shaped structure, so the illumination angle is limited to 120 degrees or less.

  U.S. Patent Application No. 2010/0265732 teaches a light tube comprising a casing, a control circuit board, an LED circuit board in the casing, and an LED light source having LEDs attached to the LED circuit board. Also in this case, since all the LEDs are mounted on the upper half of the casing of the light tube, the illumination angle is limited as in US Pat. No. 7,049,761. Further, since the LEDs are distributed apart from each other, the distribution of light along the light tube becomes non-uniform, and an unnatural bright light spot is clearly recognized.

  U.S. Patent Application No. 2010/0157608 discloses a LED lighting tube comprising a casing, an aluminum substrate that fits into the casing and supports a plurality of LEDs, and two or more reflective members, each disposed on the opposite side of the LED. Has been. Raised ribs or similar structures are formed on the inner surface of the casing and function as reflective members for dispersing light. This illumination tube has the potential disadvantages that the illumination angle is limited by the two reflecting members and that the light output is reduced due to the thick tubular casing.

  US Patent No. 9115411 teaches an LED light system for illumination. The use of multiple LED strings mounted at different angles within the light tube increases the illumination angle of the light system. Thereby, it becomes high-cost and the effect of the heat dissipation of LED will be lost.

  In the prior art, there are various LED light tubes, but these light tubes have the disadvantage that the illumination angle is relatively small and the light distribution is non-uniform. Even if the casing of the light tube on the LED is provided with a diffusion structure, the light diffuses around the upper diffusion portion. As a result, the fundamental illumination angle of the light tube is still small, so that most of the tube cannot emit light and dark portions are created.

  Therefore, there is a need for an LED light tube that provides a uniform illumination along the tube at an illumination angle of 270 degrees or more according to various lighting applications. There is also a need for LED light tubes with good luminous efficiency and low light energy loss.

  The present invention has been developed to meet the above needs, and its main object is to provide a uniformly distributed high lumen output along the length of the tube and to provide an LED light tube with an illumination angle of 270 degrees or more. .

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a natural and uniformly distributed illumination pattern that uses low power LEDs to better manage the heat generated by the LEDs during operation with high illumination efficiency. To provide a tube.

  Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an LED light tube for use in a fluorescent lamp fixture, instead of a conventional fluorescent tube.

  The LED light tube according to the present invention is a semi-transparent casing having first and second opposed shaft ends having an opening therebetween, and a heat sink having a holding portion, and the heat sink has a heat sink with the casing opening. The heat sink and the casing both form a tubular structure having an inner cavity composed of a lower half cavity and an upper half cavity, and the holding part is located in the lower half cavity. A circuit board thermally conductively fixed to the holding part of the heat sink, one or more LED light sources attached to the circuit board, and two ends fitted to the two ends of the tubular structure An LED light tube is provided.

  The LED light source is mounted at a very low location in the internal cavity of the tubular structure with a casing made of the selected material, so that the LED light tube can emit light at a very wide angle of 270 degrees or more. By selecting a material with a combination of appropriate light diffusion, transmission and reflection characteristics, the casing can produce a uniformly distributed illumination with high illumination efficiency along the length of the tube. Preferably, the material has a haze of about 85-99% and a transmittance of about 55-75%, and effectively the material has a surface roughness of less than 0.8 μm, for example composed of 6 μm or 7 μm. The The material may be selected from transparent plastics or glass doped with a diffusing material selected from powders of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide or other new nanotechnology compounds. Preferably, the diffusing material is processed into nanopowder with nanotechnology.

  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the material is a polycarbonate doped with a diffusing material such as titanium oxide powder. More preferably, the thickness of the casing made of polycarbonate is about 0.5-1.5 mm, and the polycarbonate has a haze of about 90-99% and a transmittance of about 60-70%.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat radiating plate has a holding member formed along each of the two opposing shaft sides of the holding portion to securely engage the circuit board, thereby radiating the circuit board. Can be fixed to the board. Effectively, a heat conductive material such as a heat conductive lubricant is applied between the circuit board and the heat sink.

  The first and second opposed shaft ends of the casing have first and second flanges extending inward, respectively, and the heat sink straddles between the two ends of the tubular structure, and the first and second flanges Is provided with two notches that are positioned so as to be firmly attached and held in place. Thereby, a casing and a heat sink are couple | bonded reliably.

  On its outer surface, the heat radiating plate has a plurality of radiating fins arranged at intervals to increase the heat dissipation effect.

  In order to increase heat dissipation, the heat sink is effectively formed of a heat conducting material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, aluminum alloys, plastics, and ceramics.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, the circuit board extends through the tubular structure between the two ends of the tubular structure and includes a first circuit board having a bridge rectifier and one or more electrically coupled to each other. A second circuit board is provided. One end cap has two pin connectors electrically coupled to the first circuit board and the other end cap having two short pin connectors is electrically isolated from the circuit board. . The end cap may be configured to couple to the fluorescent light tube socket.

  Preferably, all LED light sources used are mounted in a straight line on the circuit board.

  The circuit board may be made of FR-4 type glass epoxy multilayer board, CEM-1 / CEM-2 type or metal core printed circuit board (MCPCB) type composite epoxy resin. The circuit board preferably has a thickness of 1 mm or less in order to improve the heat conduction between the LED light sources mounted on one side thereof, and the heat radiating plate contacts the other side.

  In accordance with the present invention, the circuit control of the LED with the driver and other electronic components is not placed inside the tube but attached to the light fixture. By arranging in this way, the control circuit is reliably separated from the high temperature caused by the thermal energy generated by normal operation of the plurality of LED light sources, so that its reliability and maintainability are improved.

  In contrast to the LED light tubes used in the prior art, the LED light tubes of the present invention are configured so that all LED light sources are mounted in a very low position in the cavity in the lower half of the tube cross section. This increases the total illumination surface area, particularly in the lower half cavity of the casing. Another feature of the LED light tube of the present invention is that the casing material is selected such that light from the LED light source is transmitted, diffused and reflected in the casing to create a uniform light intensity at a wider illumination angle. Is Rukoto. By selecting the material of the casing and adjusting the thickness, the direction of the portion of light passing therethrough can be changed and the loss of light energy can be reduced. Since the light output is efficiently increased, a low-power LED can be used, and a heat sink with a small size can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, a detailed description of the present invention and embodiments thereof will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an LED light tube constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the LED light tube. FIG. 3 is a top view of the LED light tube. FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the LED light tube. FIG. 5 is a side view of the LED light tube. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 7 is an end view of the LED light tube. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state in which light is emitted through the casing of the LED light tube. The light emission includes radiation of transmitted light, radiation of diffused light, radiation of reflected light, and radiation of reflux light. It is. FIG. 9A is a plot of an illumination pattern obtained from a conventional T8LED light tube, measured under natural lighting conditions, and FIG. 9B is a natural lighting condition obtained from the T8LED light tube of the present invention. FIG. 9C is a plot of the illumination pattern obtained from a conventional T8 LED light tube, measured under conditions of lighting in a wide angle reflector fluorescent light fixture, and FIG. It is a plot of the illumination pattern measured on the conditions lighted in the wide angle reflection fluorescent lamp fixture obtained from the T8LED light tube of this invention. FIG. 10A is a circuit diagram of a first PCB used in the LED light tube, and FIG. 10B is a circuit diagram of a second PCB used in the LED light tube. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the electrical connection of the PCB in the LED light tube. 12A and 12B are diagrams for explaining the electrical connection between the LED light tube and the power supply, and show that the light tube can be connected in one of two directions.

  While the invention is illustrated and described in the embodiments, the LED light tube may be made of many different configurations, dimensions, shapes, and materials.

  Referring to the drawings, FIGS. 1-7 show an LED light tube 100 configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The LED light tube 100 has a length and a diameter that can replace a conventional fluorescent light tube in a fluorescent lamp fixture. In the present embodiment, the LED light tube 100 includes a casing 10, a heat sink 20, a circuit board 30, a plurality of LED light sources 40, and two end caps 50. The LED light tube 100 further includes a control circuit (not shown) for controlling the LED light source. The control circuit is attached to the outside of the LED light tube 100, but is fixed to the fluorescent lamp fixture (see FIGS. 12A and 12B). By arranging the control circuit in this way, unlike the prior art LED light tube where the control circuit is arranged inside the tube, the control circuit is not only affected by the high temperature caused by the heat generated by the LED light source. The light emission of the LED light source through the tube is not disturbed by the control circuit. The control circuit is not the gist of the present invention and will not be described in detail here.

  The casing 10 has a substantially Ω-shaped cross section with first and second opposed shaft ends 11 and 12 forming an opening 13 therebetween. The first and second flanges 14 and 15 extend inwardly from the first and second opposed shaft ends 11 and 12 in the axial direction. The exemplary casing 10 is Ω-shaped, but square, triangular, or other cross-sectional casings may be used. The casing is made of a material having the characteristics of light diffusion, light reflection, and light transmission in order to make the light distribution uniform and widen the illumination angle of the light distribution, and the details will be described below.

  The heat sink 20 is coupled to the casing 10 so that the opening 13 of the casing 10 is completely covered with the heat sink 20 to form a tubular structure. As shown in FIG. 2 thru | or FIG. 6, the heat sink 20 straddles between the two edge parts of a tubular structure. The heat sink 20 has two notches 21 and 22 corresponding to the flanges 14 and 15 of the casing 10 and an upper surface that functions as a holding portion 23 for supporting the circuit board 30 to which the LED light source 40 is attached. By fastening the flanges 14 and 15 to the notches 21 and 22, both the casing 10 and the heat sink 20 can be firmly fixed, and a tubular structure having an internal cavity is formed. Of course, the casing 10 and the heat sink 20 can also be secured using well-known techniques such as snaps or fasteners. The internal cavity of the tubular structure is composed of two parts, ie, an upper half cavity 16 and a lower half cavity 17 that are divided in half along the horizontal central axis BB. The heat radiating plate 20 is set to a size such that the holding portion 23 is positioned in the lower half cavity 17 and a portion larger than half of the surface of the casing 10 can emit light. In the present invention, the heat radiating plate 20 is positioned where the holding portion 23 approaches the bottom of the tubular structure so that most of the tubular structure (for example, more than 60% of the surface of the tubular structure) can emit light. Set to height.

  A holding member formed as a slot 24 is positioned along the two opposing shaft sides of the holding portion 23. Although the LED light source 40 attached to the circuit board 30 is exposed in the center, the slot 24 is set to a size and a shape so as to fit the circuit board 30 exactly. In order to improve heat conduction, a layer of a heat conducting material such as a heat conducting lubricant may be applied between the circuit board 30 and the holding portion 23 of the heat sink 20. Of course, in order to improve heat conduction and heat dissipation between the circuit board 30 and the heat sink 20, the circuit board 30 can be fixed to the heat sink 20 using a known technique. For example, the circuit board 30 can be attached to the heat sink 20 through viscous conductive lubricant or adhesive. Moreover, the heat sink 20 has a plurality of radiating fins 25 arranged on the outer surface thereof so as to be parallel to the axis of the tubular structure. By disposing the radiation fins 25, the dissipation of the thermal energy generated by the LED light source 40 can be further increased. The heat sink 20 further includes screw holes 26 at positions corresponding to the screw holes 52 of the end cap 50 at both ends thereof.

  The heat sink 20 is preferably made of a heat conducting material selected from the group consisting of metals such as aluminum and aluminum alloys, plastics and ceramics. The material of the heat sink 20 preferably has a high mechanical strength, so that the tubular structure formed by joining the heat sink and the casing has a strong structure with a required length.

  The circuit board 30 is formed by electrically connecting one first printed circuit board (PCB) 31 and a plurality of second printed circuit boards (PCB) 32. The first and second PCBs may be joined by an electrical connector 34 (see FIG. 11). The first PCB 31 has a bridge rectifier 33 so that the light tube does not react to the polarity of the direct current from the control circuit, so that the light tube 100 is operatively mounted in either of the two directions of the fluorescent light fixture. Can do. The second PCG 32 does not have a rectifier. Alternatively, the circuit board 30 may be made in one piece with one end containing a bridge rectifier. The circuit board 30 has a heat conduction side for promoting heat conduction from the LED light source 40 to the heat sink 20 on the LED attachment side to which the LED light source 40 is attached, and on the opposite side of the LED attachment side. The circuit board 30 can be composed of a conventional FR-4 or CEM type or a metal core printed circuit board (MCPCB) for better temperature management. As described above, the circuit board 30 is slid into the slot 24 of the heat radiating plate and fixed at a predetermined position.

  The LED light source 40 can be composed of an LED, an LED package, or an LED array. All the LED light sources 40 may be connected in series and / or in parallel, but are mounted on the circuit board 30 in a single straight line in the axial direction. Thus, by arranging the LED light sources in a straight line, it is cost-effective particularly with respect to the ability of the heat sink and the light output efficiency of the light tube. The number of LED light sources 40 in the light tube 100 is selected according to actual needs and the strength of the force required according to the particular application. For example, a single line composed of 144 LEDs can provide an output of 3000 lumens with a total consumption of 33 W and a color temperature of 4000 K.

  10A and 10B show circuit diagrams of LED light sources attached to each of the first PCB 31 and the second PCB 32. The LED light source 40 can be attached to the first PCB 31 and the second PCB 32 by soldering, snap connection, or other means well known in the art. The light output of the LED light tube 100 increases the luminous efficiency and improves the light emission as described below, so that the luminous flux of the LED light tube 100 is increased with respect to the existing LED light tubes in the prior art. Thus, a low power LED light source can be used in the LED light tube 100 to provide a natural and uniformly distributed light pattern. As a result, less energy is consumed and a heat sink with a small size can be obtained.

  An end cap 50 is provided to fit into two ends of the tubular structure constituted by the casing 10 and the heat sink 20. FIG. 7 is an end view of an end cap 50 that is a G13 end cap suitable for coupling with a conventional fluorescent lamp fixture. It is appreciated that the end cap can be of other configurations. In this embodiment, each of the end caps 50 has two pin connectors 51 and screw holes 52 for connection to a fluorescent light tube socket. The two pin connectors 51 of one end cap 50 are electrically connected to the rectifier 33 of the first PCB 31 to supply power to the LED light source 40 and the two pin connectors of the other end cap 50. 51 are short-circuited together and electrically isolated from the PCB 32. With such wiring, the LED light tube 100 can maintain its functionality no matter which direction it is connected to the fluorescent light tube socket, as shown more clearly in FIGS. 12A and 12B. As illustrated, the LED light tube 100 can be attached to the socket without the need to distinguish the polarity of the LED light source 40. The end cap 50 and the heat sink 20 are fixed together through the screw hole 52 of the end cap 50 and the screw hole 26 of the heat sink 20 using a self-tapping screw 53. The end cap 50 can be made of plastic, metal, or a combination thereof.

  Preferably, the inner surface of the casing 10 and the exposed surface of the circuit board 30 are made to have reflective properties to promote light reflection inside the interior cavity of the light tube. For example, these surfaces are configured as reflective white surfaces.

  In assembling the LED light tube, first and second PCBs are electrically mounted to form the circuit board 30 to which the LED light source is attached, the circuit board 30 is fixed to the heat radiating plate 20, and the casing 10 is radiated. Joining with the plate 20 includes attaching end caps 50 to the two ends of the tubular structure, forming an integral and rigid light tube structure.

  One of the features of the present invention is to select the material of the casing 10. By selecting a material with a combination of appropriate light diffusion, light transmission, and light reflection characteristics, the casing can increase the illumination angle of light emitted from the LED light source to 270 degrees or more, uniform Allows light distribution. In particular, the material is selected so that light emitted from the LED light source can be transmitted through the casing 10, diffused, reflected, and returned.

  The degree of light diffusion and transmission of the material is called “cloudiness”. The haze may be adjusted by the doping level of a fine diffusion material such as titanium oxide powder in the material. The higher the doping level, the more light is diffused at a short distance, the less light penetrates directly through the material, and the light attenuation and light output decrease, which is expressed as low haze and high haze. . On the other hand, if too little doping material is used, more light will escape from the material, reducing the diffusion effect of the material, and light spots and uneven light distribution, which are expressed as high light transmission and low haze. Seen along the length of the tube.

  As described above, in order to achieve uniform light distribution and efficient light extraction, it is necessary to appropriately select the material of the casing 10. Casing 10 may be a glass or other suitable transparent doped with a diffusing material such as polycarbonate, acrylic / PMMA, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, etc. to obtain the haze and transmittance required in accordance with the present invention. You may comprise with a raw material. In one embodiment, the casing 10 material is a polycarbonate doped with titanium oxide having a haze of about 90-99%, preferably a haze of 90-99% and a transmittance of about 60-70%.

  FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of light passing through the casing 10. The thick line indicates the portion of the light 61 that is directly transmitted from the LED light source 40, and part of the light 61 penetrates the casing 10 to form basic light emission. The thin line shows the portion of the light 62 that first reflects from the casing 10 and then passes through the casing 10 in the lower half cavity 17, which promotes the illumination angle to be greater than 270 degrees.

  As described above, the inner surface of the casing 10 has a high reflectance, and most of the incident light generated by the LED light source 40 is reflected in the inner cavity of the light tube. The reflected light can exit the casing from different angles or directions, thereby exceeding the original light emission range of the LED less than 120 degrees indicated by the transmitted light 61. The reflected light can also generate a second “reflux” reflection on the reflective inner surface of the casing 10, the heat sink 20, and the reflective exposed surface of the circuit board 30, resulting in the reflux light 63. Although the portion of the reflux light 63 is not brighter than the transmitted light 61 and the direct reflected light 62, it not only extends the light to a low angle position very close to the bottom of the tubular structure, but also increases the light output of the light tube 100. The inner surface of the casing 10 is preferably configured so that the surface roughness is less than 0.8 μm in order to promote light reflection and reflux.

  The other part of the light emission of the casing 10 is the diffused light 64 shown in broken lines in FIG. Diffused light is achieved by selecting a material that emits light at a wide illumination angle and has a light diffusing characteristic with an adjusted diffusion index. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the portion of the diffused light 64 spreads the light uniformly, and the light can be extracted more efficiently over a wide illumination angle.

  The thickness of the casing also affects its transmittance. At the same diffusion doping level, the thinner the casing, the less costly the material used, and the higher the maximum light output. The thinner the film is, the easier it is to diffuse, but the mechanical strength is affected and the structure is not strong. In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the light tube is 1 inch, and the thickness of the casing 10 is 0.5-1.5 mm, preferably 1.0 mm.

  9A to 9D will be described. These figures illustrate the illumination pattern obtained from an LED light tube 100 in which a conventional T8 LED light tube and casing is made of polycarbonate doped with titanium oxide having the preferred haze and transmittance as described above. Each is measured under natural lighting conditions and lighting conditions in a wide angle reflector fluorescent lamp fixture. The term “natural lighting” refers to the state in which the light tube is lit without coupling to the light tube fixture, and the term “lighting in the wide angle reflector fluorescent lamp fixture” refers to the light tube as a wide angle reflector. The state which lighted after couple | bonding with the provided light tube fixture is shown. In these figures, the internal plot is measured when viewing the light tube from the end cap of the light tube, and the external plot is measured when viewing the light tube along the axis of the light tube.

  9A and 9C show the illumination patterns obtained using a T8 LED light tube customary in the art, and FIGS. 9B and 9D show the illumination patterns obtained using a T8 type LED light tube 100. FIG. Show. As shown in the figure, whether the light tube is viewed from the end cap or along the axis, the illumination range obtained by the LED light tube 100 is more than the illumination range obtained by the conventional LED light tube. growing. This means that the LED light tube of the present invention has a wider illumination angle than the conventional LED light tube.

  Accordingly, the present invention is an LED light tube that replaces a conventional fluorescent tube for use in a fluorescent lamp fixture, and more uniformly extracts light over a wide illumination angle of 270 degrees or more, and extracts it more efficiently. Provided is an LED light tube capable of LED light tubes are light efficient and have a higher luminous flux. This is because the LED light source is located close to the bottom of the tube, and the casing material is selected to have the required light diffusion, light transmission, and light reflection characteristics.

  Although the essence of the present invention has been sufficiently described according to some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the functions of the embodiments and the drawings. This is due to differences in details as long as the basic principle is not altered, changed or modified. Numerous differences and modifications that can be easily obtained without departing from the scope of the present invention using the knowledge of those skilled in the art should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (21)

An LED light tube,
A translucent casing having first and second opposing axial ends having an opening therebetween,
A heat sink having a holding portion, wherein the heat sink is coupled to the casing such that the opening of the casing is covered by the heat sink, and the heat sink and the casing are both a lower half cavity and an upper half. A tubular structure having an internal cavity composed of a cavity of
A circuit board thermally conductively fixed to the holding portion of the heat sink;
One or more LED light sources attached to the circuit board;
An LED light tube comprising two end caps fitted to the two ends of the tubular structure.   The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein a material capable of transmitting, diffusing and reflecting light is selected to form the casing.   The LED light tube of claim 2, wherein the material has a haze of 85 to 99% and a transmittance of 55 to 75%.   4. The LED light tube according to claim 3, wherein the material is selected from transparent plastic or glass doped with a diffusing material.   The LED light tube according to claim 4, wherein the diffusion material is selected from titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, or zinc oxide.   The LED light tube according to claim 4, wherein the material is polycarbonate doped with titanium oxide.   The thickness of the casing made of the polycarbonate is 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and the polycarbonate has a haze of 90 to 99% and a transmittance of 60 to 70%. LED light tube as described.   The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein the casing has an inner surface with a surface roughness of less than 0.8 μm.   The said heat sink has a holding member formed along each of the two opposing shaft sides of the said holding | maintenance part in order to engage with the said circuit board reliably, The any one of Claim 1 thru | or 8 characterized by the above-mentioned. LED light tube according to crab.   The first and second opposing shaft ends of the casing have first and second flanges extending inward, respectively, and the heat sink spans between the two ends of the tubular structure, and the first 9. An LED light tube according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising two notches positioned to hold the first and second flanges in place and firmly held.   9. The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein a heat conductive material such as a heat conductive lubricant is applied between the circuit board and the heat radiating plate.   9. The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein the heat radiating plate has a plurality of radiating fins arranged at intervals on an outer surface thereof.   9. The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein the heat sink is made of a heat conductive material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, aluminum alloy, plastic, and ceramic. .   The circuit board extends through a pre-tubular structure between the two ends of the tubular structure and includes a first circuit board having a bridge rectifier and one or more second circuit boards electrically coupled to each other. The LED light tube according to claim 1, comprising:   One of the end caps has two pin connectors electrically coupled to the rectifier of the first circuit board, and the other of the end caps having two short pin connectors is the second The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein the LED light tube is electrically separated from the circuit board.   9. The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board is FR-4, CEM-1, CEM-2, or a metal core printed circuit board type.   9. An LED light tube according to any preceding claim, wherein the end cap can be configured to couple to a fluorescent light tube socket.   9. The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein the casing has a reflective inner surface, and the circuit board can have a reflective exposed surface. 10.   The LED light tube according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of LED light sources mounted in a straight line on the circuit board.   9. The LED light tube according to claim 1, wherein the LED light source is disposed in the lower half cavity of the tubular structure at a position close to a bottom of the tubular structure.   The LED light tube of claim 20, wherein the LED light tube creates an illumination pattern having an illumination angle greater than 270 degrees.

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