JP2013198882A - Method and device for avoiding clogging of bubble dispersion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means capable of eliminating clogging of a jetting port without reducing generation speed of hydrate.SOLUTION: A heating means 21a is installed near a jetting port 3 of a bubble dispersion device 2a for jetting gas g in a liquid w in a hydrate generator 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a blockage avoidance method and apparatus for a bubble dispersion device.

  When producing a large amount of hydrate at a high speed, in the hydrate generation technology in which gas such as stirring bubbling or bubble column is injected into the liquid of the generator, a bubble dispersing device is used for the purpose of promoting gas-liquid contact. May be installed. In the above-described apparatus, in order to improve the hydrate generation speed, it is ideal to operate the liquid temperature and gas temperature below the equilibrium temperature of the hydrate generation conditions.

  However, since the temperature inside the system, particularly the liquid temperature in the vicinity of the bubble dispersion device, is under hydrate production conditions (equilibrium temperature or less), hydrate is produced at the bubble dispersion device outlet (hereinafter referred to as the injection port). Often leads to blockage.

  Conventionally, as a blockage avoidance measure, the following two measures have been taken.

    (A) The gas temperature is heated to an equilibrium temperature or higher so as not to generate hydrate at the injection port (blocking prevention measure).

    (B) After the injection port is blocked, the liquid temperature is heated to an equilibrium temperature or higher to eliminate the blockage (blocking release treatment).

  However, the above-mentioned measures for avoiding clogging have been problematic in that the amount of hydrate produced is reduced by applying excessive heat, waste of time for netting clogging (net operating time loss), and energy consumption increase due to heat. . In particular, the impact when the device scale increases is great.

  As a similar project, as a control method for preventing heat exchanger blockage, the refrigerant in the low-temperature thermostatic chamber is raised to a temperature at which the hydrate blocking the heat exchanger is melted, and the heated refrigerant is cooled to the low-temperature thermostatic chamber. Has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1) between the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger. In the case of this invention as well, as described above, a hydrate by applying excessive heat is also provided. Reductions in production amount, waste of time for clogging (net operating time loss), and increased energy consumption due to heat were problems.

JP 2009-243862 A

  In order to solve such a problem, the present invention provides a means capable of eliminating the blockage of the injection port or the sign of the blockage without reducing the hydrate generation speed, and in the hydrate generation process, The object is to provide a means to reduce loss and energy consumption.

  The blockage avoidance device for a bubble dispersion device according to the present application is characterized in that a heating means is installed in the vicinity of an injection port of a bubble dispersion device for injecting a gas into a liquid of a hydrate generator.

  An obstruction avoidance device for a bubble dispersion device according to the present application is a gas pipe that supplies a gas to the bubble dispersion device by installing a heating means in the vicinity of an injection port of the bubble dispersion device that injects gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator. A flow meter is provided, a differential pressure gauge is provided for measuring the differential pressure between the hydrate generator and the gas pipe, and the differential pressure between the hydrate generator and the gas pipe is increased by 30% or more from the initial operation. When the time and / or the gas flow rate is reduced by 20% or more from the initial operation, a control device is provided to instruct the heating of the vicinity of the injection port of the bubble dispersion device until the blockage or the sign of the blockage is resolved. It is a feature.

  The blockage avoidance device for a bubble dispersion device according to the present application is characterized in that the bubble dispersion device for injecting gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator comprises a single tube type or a multi-tube type nozzle.

  The device for avoiding blockage of the bubble dispersion device according to the present application is equipped with a nozzle made of sintered metal formed in a tile shape in the recess of the heating jacket having a concave cross section by the bubble dispersion device that injects gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator. It is characterized by comprising.

  The clogging avoidance device for a bubble dispersion device according to the present application is a firing device in which a bubble dispersion device for injecting gas into the liquid of a hydrate generator is formed in a number of depressions provided on the gas injection side of a heating jacket in the same shape as the depressions. It is characterized by being equipped with a nozzle made of sintered metal.

  The method for avoiding clogging of the bubble dispersing apparatus according to the present application is such that when the sign of clogging or clogging of the injection port of the bubble dispersing apparatus for injecting gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator occurs, the sign of clogging or clogging is resolved The vicinity of the injection port of the bubble dispersing apparatus is heated.

  The method for avoiding clogging of the bubble dispersing apparatus according to the present application is such that when the differential pressure between the unreacted gas and the supply gas in the hydrate generator is increased by 30% or more from the initial operation and / or the gas flow rate is higher than that at the initial operation. Further, when the temperature is lowered by 20% or more, the vicinity of the injection port of the bubble dispersing device that injects the gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator is heated until the blockage or the sign of the blockage is eliminated.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to extend the net operation time because the gas supply can be performed without delay without being completely blocked. In addition, the amount of heat can be significantly reduced by heating the closed portion pinpoint, and a thermally highly efficient generation process can be realized. In addition, heating is performed only when an obstruction sign is confirmed, and heating is stopped when the obstruction sign is resolved, so that the main gas flow is difficult to warm and the hydrate generation rate is difficult to decrease. Further, even after the feedback control mechanism does not work and completely occludes, the occluded portion can be heated pinpointed, so that it is possible to recover in a shorter time compared to the conventional occlusion elimination method.

It is a schematic block diagram of the hydrate production | generation apparatus to which the method of this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing which shows the obstruction | occlusion state of the injection opening of a nozzle, (a) is no obstruction | occlusion (ideal state), (b) shows the obstruction | occlusion sign (transition period), (c) shows the obstruction | occlusion state. It is an enlarged view of a single tube type nozzle. It is sectional drawing of the small nozzle using a sintered metal. It is a perspective view of a multi-tube type nozzle. It is the large sized nozzle using a sintered metal, (a) is a top view, (b) is a perspective view.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrate generator 1 is provided with a single tube type nozzle 2a which is a kind of bubble disperser in the vicinity of the bottom thereof, and gas g is supplied from the nozzle 2a into the water in the hydrate generator 1. It comes to inject. The gas g injected from the nozzle 2a hydrates with the water w to become a hydrate h. Hydrate h is supplied to a dehydrator (not shown) through a slurry supply pipe 4. The water w is replenished through the water supply pipe 5, and the unreacted gas g ′ accumulated in the upper space of the hydrate generator 1 is returned to the gas pipe 7 through the return pipe 6. The return pipe 6 includes a blower 8.

  The hydrate generator 1 circulates the water w in the hydrate generator 1 through a circulation line 9 provided on the side thereof. The circulation line 9 includes a circulation pump 10 that circulates the water w and a heat exchanger 11 that removes reaction heat. Further, stirring in the hydrate generator 1 is performed by a stirrer 12.

  The nozzle 2a is provided with a heating jacket 21a as a kind of heating means at the tip, and the vicinity of the nozzle 2a is heated by the heating jacket 21a. The vicinity of the injection port of the nozzle 2a refers to a range or region from the injection port (outlet) 3 of the nozzle 2a where gas-liquid contact occurs to a position 13 that is a predetermined distance L toward the inlet side of the nozzle 2a (see FIG. 2 (c)). The predetermined distance L is desirably about 1 cm.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the gas g is injected as bubbles a from the injection port (exit) 3 of the nozzle 2a (no blockage (ideal state)), but the injection port 3 is in a hydrate generation environment. Since it exists below, as shown in FIG.2 (b), the hydrate h gradually adheres to the inner wall surface of the nozzle 2a (blocking sign (transition period)). Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, the hydrate h covers the entire surface of the injection port 3 like a lid, and the injection port 3 is completely closed (closed state). For this reason, selection of the installation place of a heating means becomes important.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle 2 a is provided with a heating jacket 21 a as a heating means in the vicinity of the ejection port (outlet) 3. The heating jacket 21a has a body portion 22 having a diameter larger than that of the nozzle 2a, and a gap between the nozzle 2a and the body portion 22 is liquid-tightly closed by an annular upper end plate 23 and a lower end plate (not shown). It is peeling off. The upper end plate 23 is flush with the injection port (exit) 3 of the nozzle 2 a and the upper end of the body portion 22. The heating jacket 21 a includes a heating medium supply pipe 24 and an outflow pipe 25 in the body portion 22, and the supply pipe 24 includes a valve 14.

  The gas pipe 7 includes a gas flow meter 15. Reference numeral 16 denotes a differential pressure gauge. One conduit 17 communicates with the upper space of the hydrate generator 1, and the other conduit 18 communicates with the gas pipe 7. Reference numeral 19 denotes a control device having at least the following three functions.

  (A) The valve 14 of the heating means is opened when the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure gauge 16 rises by 30% or more from the initial operation, and the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure gauge 16 returns to the same level as during the initial operation. When this occurs, the valve 14 is closed.

  (B) The valve 14 is opened when the gas flow rate in the gas pipe 7 is reduced by 20% or more from the initial operation, and the valve 14 is closed when the gas flow rate in the gas pipe 7 returns to the same level as in the initial operation. .

  (C) When the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure gauge 16 is increased by 10% from the initial operation, and the gas flow rate in the gas pipe 7 is decreased by 10% from the initial operation, the valve 14 is opened, and the differential pressure gauge 16 When the differential pressure measured in step 1 returns to the same level as in the initial operation, and the gas flow rate in the gas pipe 7 returns to the same level as in the initial operation, the valve 14 is closed.

  Next, the case where the valve 14 of the heating means is controlled using the differential pressure gauge 16 will be described.

  As described above, the gas g ejected from the nozzle 2a hydrates with the water w to become a hydrate h. Hydrate h is supplied to a dehydrator (not shown) through a slurry supply pipe 4. Water w is supplied through the water supply pipe 5. The unreacted gas g ′ accumulated in the upper space of the hydrate generator 1 is returned to the gas pipe 7 through the return pipe 6, and the water w in the hydrate generator 1 is circulated by the circulation line 9.

  Since the hydrate generator 1 is under hydrate generation conditions, a hydrate h is generated at the injection port (outlet) 3 of the nozzle 2a, and the injection port (outlet) 3 of the nozzle 2a is gradually narrowed (see FIG. 2 (b)), often leads to blockage (see FIG. 2 (c)).

  When the closing of the injection port (outlet) 3 of the nozzle 2a progresses and the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure gauge 16 rises by 30% or more from the initial operation, the signal from the differential pressure gauge 16 is input. The valve 14 is opened by the command, and hot water c, which is a kind of heating medium, is supplied to the heating jacket 21a.

  When the hot water c is supplied to the heating jack 21a, the hydrate h that has blocked the injection port (outlet) 3 of the nozzle 2a is thermally decomposed and disappears, and gas is again discharged from the injection port (outlet) 3 of the nozzle 2a. g sprays. When the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure gauge 16 returns to the initial operation level, the valve 14 is closed by a command from the control device 19.

  In the above description, the case where the single tube type nozzle 2a is applied as the bubble dispersing device has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the single tube type nozzle 2a. In the case of a small bubble disperser, sintered metal or the like can be used in place of the single tube nozzle 2a.

  In the case of using sintered metal, as shown in FIG. 4, a nozzle 2b made of sintered metal formed in a tile shape is mounted in a recess of the heating jacket 21b having a concave cross section. In this case, the gas conduit 27 passes through the bottom of the heating jacket 21b and reaches the bottom surface of the nozzle 2b made of sintered metal.

  In the case of increasing the gas processing amount by increasing the size, as shown in FIG. 5, a configuration is adopted in which the distal end portions of a large number of nozzles 2d are inserted through a hollow heating jacket 21d having a large diameter (multi-tube nozzle method). Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, the nozzle 2e made from the sintered metal formed in the hexagon in the hexagonal many hollow provided in the gas injection side of the hollow heating jacket 21e with a large diameter is mounted | worn. In addition, the shape of a hollow and the nozzle 2e is not limited to a hexagon, and arbitrary shapes can be selected. In this case, a gas conduit communicates with each recess.

  As described above, when the heating jackets 21a to 21e are used as the heating means, the mother liquor (water w in the hydrate generator 1) is not desired to be heated as much as possible. By taking measures such as wrapping a heat insulating material around the surface), a higher-efficiency blocking mechanism can be obtained. Also, when an electric heater is used as the heat source, it is better to take measures such as wrapping a heat insulating material around the outside of the heating means. Of course, since the conducting wire is immersed in the liquid, it must be covered with an insulating film.

  Furthermore, although the case where a differential pressure gauge is used as the control method of the heating means has been described, for example, the control method of the heating means may be controlled based on the gas flow rate measured by the gas flow meter 15. Further, control may be performed based on both the gas flow rate measured by the gas flow meter 15 and the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure meter 16.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydrate generator 2a Bubble disperser 3 Injection port 21a Heating means g Gas w Liquid

Claims (7)

  A blockage avoidance device for a bubble dispersion device, wherein a heating means is installed in the vicinity of an injection port of a bubble dispersion device for injecting a gas into a liquid of a hydrate generator.   A heating means is installed in the vicinity of the injection port of the bubble dispersing device for injecting gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator, a flow meter is provided in a gas pipe for supplying gas to the bubble dispersing device, and the inside of the hydrate generator A differential pressure gauge is provided to measure the differential pressure with the gas pipe. Further, when the differential pressure between the hydrate generator and the gas pipe is increased by 30% or more from the initial operation and / or the gas flow rate is higher than the initial operation. A clogging avoidance device for a bubble dispersal device, comprising a control device for instructing to heat the vicinity of an ejection port of the bubble dispersal device until the sign of clogging or clogging is eliminated when the bubble dispersal device is down by 20% or more.   3. A clogging avoidance device for a bubble dispersion device according to claim 1, wherein the bubble dispersion device for injecting gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator comprises a single tube type or a multi-tube type nozzle.   The bubble dispersing device for injecting gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator is formed by mounting a nozzle made of sintered metal formed in a tile shape in a recess of a heating jacket having a concave cross section. The blockage avoidance device for the bubble dispersion device according to 2.   A bubble disperser that injects gas into the liquid of the hydrate generator is formed by mounting sintered metal nozzles formed in the same shape as the recesses in a number of recesses provided on the gas injection side of the heating jacket. The blockage avoidance device for a bubble dispersion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:   When there is a sign of clogging or clogging of the outlet of the bubble dispersing device that injects gas into the hydrate generator liquid, heating the vicinity of the outlet of the bubble dispersing device until the sign of clogging or clogging is resolved A clogging avoidance method for a bubble dispersing apparatus.   When the differential pressure between the unreacted gas and the supply gas in the hydrate generator has increased by 30% or more from the initial operation and / or when the gas flow rate has decreased by 20% or more from the initial operation, the hydrate generator The method for avoiding clogging of a bubble dispersing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the vicinity of the injection port of the bubble dispersing apparatus for injecting gas into the liquid is heated until the sign of clogging or clogging is resolved.

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