JP2013189956A - Water turbine facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water turbine facility capable of using a common non-pipe conduit type water turbine, and capable of easily stopping the operation of the water turbine regardless of a shape a difference.SOLUTION: A non-pipe conduit type water turbine 16 is arranged along a vertical wall of a dam 15 arranged in an opening waterway 11. Thus, the non-pipe conduit type water turbine for taking in water falling from the dam 15 can be used as a common water turbine. In the inspection and maintenance of the non-pipe conduit type water turbine 16, water intake to the non-pipe conduit type water turbine 16 is checked without cutting off the water in the opening waterway 11 by a water turbine water communication checking means 20, and the upstream side water of the dam 15 is made to flow to the downstream side of the dam 15 so that the water does not flow in the non-pipe conduit type water turbine 16. Thus, since a state that the water does not flow to the water turbine 16 can be easily secured, the inspection and maintenance of the water turbine 16 can be performed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a water turbine facility provided in an open channel.

  Small hydropower generation is attracting attention as a renewable energy source. For example, in the open channel, a drop work or a rapid flow work is provided as a structure that reduces the momentum of water. The drop work is to drop the water directly to reduce the energy of the water, and the rapid work is to flow the water diagonally to reduce the energy of the water. In addition, there is a weir as a structure that suppresses the water flow in the open channel. The weirs are used to store water upstream, raise water levels, facilitate water intake into irrigation canals, and perform systematic diversion.

  Opening heads and torrents reduce the momentum of the water, so installing a water turbine on such a head or torrent and turning the generator will not only reduce the momentum of the water. It can also contribute to power generation. Therefore, water turbines are installed at the head and torrents, and the generator is rotated to generate power. In this case, a drop-type water turbine is installed for the drop work, and a rapid-flow type water turbine that matches the gradient of the rapid work is installed for the rapid work.

  Here, there is one in which a water wheel is installed in a head work or a weir in an open channel, and electric power is generated by a generator connected to the water wheel (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, there is one in which a turbine and a hydroelectric generator equipped with a weir plate are simply thrown into a river or waterway where there is a water flow to generate power from the hydroelectric generator by rotating the turbine (for example, patents). Reference 2).

JP 2011-21578 A Japanese Patent No. 3425663

  However, the gradient of torrent engineering differs depending on the open channel, and the torrent type turbine must match the gradient of torrent engineering in the open channel, so that the torrent type turbine needs various types of turbines. In addition, a drop type water turbine applied to the drop work is also required. Thus, if the shape of the head is different, a common water wheel cannot be used. Therefore, it is necessary to manufacture a water wheel adapted to the head, which increases the cost.

  Moreover, the thing of patent document 1 is a water wheel installed in the head work or weir of an open channel, and is a non-pipe type water wheel which takes water directly into a water wheel, without using a conduit, Since it does not have an inlet valve for carrying out, it is not possible to prevent water from passing through the water turbine. Therefore, in order to stop the water turbine, the water gate upstream of the open channel must be closed to prevent water from passing through the water turbine, so that the operation of the water turbine cannot be easily stopped. This makes it difficult to perform inspection and repair.

  On the other hand, the thing of patent document 2 prepares the water turbine provided with the dam plate, and a hydroelectric generator, throws it into the river or waterway with a water flow, stores water in the upstream in the dam plate, and sinks a water wheel in water. In addition, a drop is generated to drive the turbine and the hydroelectric generator, but the tank itself, which is surrounded by the dam plate, is part of the turbine. It can only be lifted by a small force, and the water turbine cannot be easily stopped.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a water turbine facility that can use a common non-pipe type water turbine regardless of the shape of the head and can easily stop the operation of the water turbine.

  The water turbine equipment according to the invention of claim 1 includes a weir provided in an open water channel, a non-pipe type water turbine disposed along a vertical wall of the weir, and the non-pipe channel without shutting off the open water channel. A water turbine passage blocking means for blocking water intake to the type water turbine is provided.

  The water turbine equipment according to a second aspect of the present invention is the water turbine equipment according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the water turbine water blocking means does not allow water to flow into the non-pipe type water turbine during inspection and repair of the non-pipe type water turbine. Thus, it is a water discharge gate provided at the lower part or the side of the weir for allowing the water upstream of the weir to flow downstream of the weir.

  The water turbine equipment according to a third aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect of the invention, a lifting mechanism is provided for lifting the water wheel during inspection and repair of the pipeless water turbine.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the non-pipe type water turbine is installed in the weir, the non-pipe type water wheel that takes in the water falling from the weir is used as a common water wheel regardless of the shape of the head. it can. In addition, since water turbine water blocking means is provided, water intake to the non-pipe type water turbine arranged in the weir can be prevented without shutting off the open channel, and the operation of the water turbine can be easily stopped, Since it is easy to ensure that no water is flowing in the water turbine, the water turbine can be inspected and repaired.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the water turbine water blocking means is a water discharge gate provided at the lower side or side of the weir, the water discharge gate is opened when the water turbine is inspected and repaired, and the water upstream of the weir It is possible to prevent water from easily flowing into the non-conductive pipe construction water turbine by simply flowing it downstream. Therefore, the water turbine can be inspected and repaired in a state where water does not flow.

  According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2, in the inspection and repair of the water wheel, the water wheel is lifted by the lifting mechanism and is positioned above the open channel. Can be done more easily.

The block diagram of the water turbine equipment of Example 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The rear view which shows an example of the water wheel passage prevention means seen from the upstream of the open channel in Example 1 of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows another example of the water wheel passage prevention means seen from the upstream of the open channel in Example 1 of this invention. The block diagram of the water turbine equipment of Example 2 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The perspective view of the lifting mechanism in Example 2 of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the sliding mechanism of the water wheel engaged with the guide groove in Example 2 of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water turbine facility of Example 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the side view of the open channel 11 which abbreviate | omitted illustration of one retaining wall is shown. The open water channel 11 has retaining walls 12 on both sides of the water channel, and has a rapid flow work 13 with a gradient to flow the water in the water channel diagonally.

  The water turbine facility 14 is installed, for example, at the downstream end of the rapid flow work 13. The water turbine facility 14 includes a weir 15 and a water wheel 16, and the weir 15 and the water wheel 16 are separated from each other, and the weir 15 is installed on the upstream side of the water wheel 16. The water turbine 16 is a non-pipe type water turbine that directly takes water into the water turbine without using a water conduit, and is, for example, a Tyrolean crossflow water turbine or a Darius water turbine. The water turbine 16 is mounted on the installation base 17 along the vertical wall of the weir 15 on the downstream side of the weir 15.

  The weir 15 serves as a drop work while storing water upstream. Since water is stored upstream of the weir 15, an additional retaining wall 18 is installed as necessary so that the water does not overflow from the open channel 11. Further, the top of the weir 15 and the top surface of the water turbine 16 are connected so that there is no gap between them, and water that exceeds the top of the weir 15 is prevented from falling between the weir 15 and the water turbine 16 before reaching the water turbine 16. .

  By providing the weir 15, water is stored on the upstream side of the weir 15 as indicated by the dotted line and the water passes through the top of the weir 15 and reaches the upper surface of the water turbine 16. Most of the water that has reached the upper surface of the water turbine 16 flows into the water turbine 16, and part of the water passes through the water turbine 16 and falls downstream. As the water turbine 16, a pipeless water turbine 16 driven by taking a part of the water flowing above the weir 15 can be used.

  Next, the weir 15 is provided with a water wheel passage blocking means 20 for blocking water intake to the water turbine 16 without shutting off the open channel.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the weir 15 is provided with a water wheel water blocking means 20, and the water discharge gate 20 is opened and closed by an opening / closing operation handle 21. The water wheel passage blocking means 20 is closed when the headwater turbine 16 is in operation, and is opened when the headwater turbine 16 is inspected and repaired. Note that the opening / closing operation handle 21 may be a manual handle or a handle other than the manual handle as long as the opening / closing operation of the water turbine water blocking means 20 can be performed. Alternatively, it may be via a transmission device such as a speed reducer regardless of whether it is manual or electric.

  FIG. 2 is a rear view showing an example of the water wheel passage blocking means 20 viewed from the upstream side of the open channel 11, and FIG. 2 shows a water discharge gate 20 </ b> A in which the water wheel passage blocking means 20 is provided below the weir 15. It shows a case.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the water discharge gate 20 </ b> A is provided below the weir 15. FIG. 2 shows a case where two water discharge gates 20A are provided. When the water discharge gate 20 </ b> A is opened by the opening / closing operation handle 21, the water on the upstream side of the weir 15 flows to the downstream side of the weir 15 through the water discharge gate 20 </ b> A below the weir 15. Therefore, water does not flow into the water turbine 16 from the top of the weir 15. As a result, water does not flow through the water turbine 16, so that the water turbine 16 can be inspected and repaired.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing another example of the water wheel passage blocking means 20 as seen from the upstream side of the open channel 11, FIG. 3 (a) is a rear view thereof, and FIG. 3 (b) is a top view thereof. . FIG. 3 shows a case where the water turbine water blocking means 20 is a water discharge gate 20 </ b> B provided beside the weir 15.

  That is, a water discharge gate 20 </ b> B is provided beside the weir 15. Also in this case, when the water discharge gate 20B is opened by the opening / closing operation handle 21, the water on the upstream side of the weir 15 flows to the downstream side of the weir 15 through the water discharge gate 20B on the side of the weir 15, and from the upper part of the weir 15 Since water does not flow into the water wheel 16, water does not flow into the water wheel 16, and the water wheel 16 can be inspected and repaired. This can be adopted when the common water turbine 16 is used and the width of the open channel 11 is wide and the width of the open channel 11 has a margin.

  In the above description, the open water channel 11 has the rapid work 13, but it goes without saying that it can be similarly applied to the open water channel 11 having a drop work.

  Here, the reason that the weir 15 and the water wheel 16 are provided separately and the weir 15 having the water wheel water blocking means 20 is provided on the upstream side of the water wheel is to perform the water wheel inspection while avoiding the water breakage of the open channel 11. In addition, when the water turbine 16 is suspended for inspection and repair of the water turbine 16, the lifting force is reduced so as not to receive water pressure.

  For example, when the weir 15 having the water wheel passage blocking means 20 and the water wheel 16 are integrated, the inspection can be performed on the spot without shutting off the open channel 11, but the water wheel 16 is suspended. In this case, it is necessary to give the water turbine 16 strength sufficient to withstand the strong force in addition to the necessity of lifting the water turbine 16 that receives water pressure.

  According to the first embodiment, since the weir 15 is provided in the open water channel 11, the water turbine 16 is installed in the weir 15, so that no water pipe that takes in the water falling from the weir 15 regardless of the shape of the head. A type turbine can be used as a common turbine. Thus, since the water turbine 16 can be shared, the cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, since the water wheel water blocking means is provided, water intake to the water wheel 16 disposed in the weir 15 can be blocked without shutting off the open channel. Therefore, the operation of the water turbine 16 can be easily stopped, and a state in which water does not flow through the water turbine 16 can be easily secured, so that the water turbine 16 can be inspected and repaired.

  FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the water turbine equipment of Example 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, a lifting mechanism 22 for lifting the water wheel 16 is added to the first embodiment shown in FIG. The same elements as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the lifting mechanism 22 is provided at a position where the water turbine 16 can be lifted. The turbine 16 is provided with a mechanism to which a chain block (hoisting device) 23 for lifting the turbine 16 is attached. The chain block 23 moves the water wheel 16 up and down. The lifting mechanism 22 is in a state where the water wheel 16 is lowered onto the installation base 17 when the water wheel 16 is operated, and the water wheel 16 is lifted when the water wheel 16 is inspected and repaired.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the lifting mechanism 22 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a case where the water wheel 16 and the weir 15 are viewed from the downstream side of the open channel 11, and shows a state where the water wheel 16 is installed on the installation table 17. Accordingly, the weir 15 is located behind the water wheel 16.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a column 24 of the lifting mechanism 22 is installed on the outer side wall of the open channel 11 of the retaining wall 12 and the additional retaining wall 18, and the water turbine 16 is attached to the beam 25 provided on the upper portion of the column 24. A chain block 23 for lifting is attached. Inside the open channel 11 of the retaining wall 12 and the additional retaining wall 18, a guide groove 26 is provided for guiding the movement of the water turbine 16 when the water turbine 16 is lifted.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the sliding mechanism of the water wheel 16 that engages with the guide groove 26 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, illustration of the retaining wall 12 on the right side of the water turbine 16 and the additional retaining wall 18 is omitted. As shown in FIG. 6, a guide piece 27 that is engaged with a guide groove 26 provided in the retaining wall 12 and the additional retaining wall 18 is provided on the upper side wall of the water turbine 16. The guide piece 27 engages with a guide groove 26 provided in the retaining wall 12 or the additional retaining wall 18, and the lifting mechanism 22 guides the movement of the water wheel 16 when the water wheel 16 is lifted.

  In the above description, the guide groove 26 on the fixed part side has a concave shape and the guide piece 27 on the movable side has a convex shape. However, the guide groove 26 on the fixed part side has a convex shape and the guide piece on the movable side. 27 may have a shape guided by the guide groove 26.

  As described above, when the water turbine 16 is inspected and repaired, the water turbine water blocking means 20 is opened. As a result, the water on the upstream side of the weir 15 flows downstream of the weir 15 through the water wheel water blocking means 20 and does not flow into the water turbine 16. In this state, since water does not flow into the water turbine 16, the water turbine 16 can be inspected and repaired, but the worker must get down to the installation location of the water turbine 16. Moreover, since the weir 15 is located in the back surface of the water turbine 16, it is difficult to disassemble and inspect and repair the water turbine 16 at the installation location of the water turbine 16.

  Therefore, the water turbine 16 is lifted by the lifting mechanism 22 in a state where water does not flow into the water turbine 16, and the water turbine 16 is positioned above the open channel 11 to perform inspection and repair. That is, the water wheel 16 is lifted up to the upper part of the additional retaining wall 18 by the lifting mechanism 22, for example, the water wheel 16 is held at the upper part of the additional retaining wall 18 by a holding mechanism (not shown), and a work gallery is installed for inspection and repair. Do work. Thereby, the inspection / repair by disassembling the water turbine 16 can be easily performed.

  In the above description, the case where the chain block (the hoisting device) 23, which is the hoisting mechanism portion of the lifting mechanism, the column 24, and the beam 25 is permanently installed has been described. However, the chain block (the hoisting device) that is the hoisting mechanism portion. ) 23, the support 24, and the beam 25 may not be permanently installed. You may make it prepare when lifting the water turbine 16. FIG. Further, instead of the chain block (winding device) 23, the support column 24, and the beam 25, for example, a crane vehicle may be prepared and the water turbine 16 may be lifted by a crane vehicle hoisting machine.

  In this way, when the water turbine 16 is inspected and repaired, the water turbine is lifted by the lifting mechanism 22 and positioned above the open channel, so that the water turbine can be disassembled for inspection and repair.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Open channel, 12 ... Retaining wall, 13 ... Rapid work, 14 ... Turbine equipment, 15 ... Weir, 16 ... Water wheel, 17 ... Installation stand, 18 ... Additional retaining wall, 19 ... Water surface, 20 ... Water wheel passage prevention means , 21 ... Opening / closing operation handle, 22 ... Lifting mechanism, 23 ... Chain block, 24 ... Post, 25 ... Beam, 26 ... Guide groove, 27 ... Guide piece

Claims (3)

A weir provided in an open channel,
A pipeless water turbine arranged along the vertical wall of the weir;
A water turbine facility comprising: a water turbine passage blocking means for blocking water intake to the pipeless water turbine without interrupting the open channel.   The water wheel passage blocking means allows water on the upstream side of the weir to flow downstream on the weir so that water does not flow into the non-duct water turbine during inspection and repair of the non-duct water turbine. The water turbine equipment according to claim 1, wherein the water turbine equipment is a water discharge gate provided at a lower part or a side of the weir.   The watermill equipment according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a lifting mechanism for lifting the waterwheel at the time of inspection and repair of the pipeless waterwheel.

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