JP2013169576A - Brazing method for stainless steel tube - Google Patents
Brazing method for stainless steel tube Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013169576A JP2013169576A JP2012035720A JP2012035720A JP2013169576A JP 2013169576 A JP2013169576 A JP 2013169576A JP 2012035720 A JP2012035720 A JP 2012035720A JP 2012035720 A JP2012035720 A JP 2012035720A JP 2013169576 A JP2013169576 A JP 2013169576A
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- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101150080345 BAG7 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[P] Chemical compound [Cu].[P] RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ステンレス鋼管を例えば熱交換器用配管として用いられる際の、他の管体との良好な気密性と耐食性を発揮し得るろう付け方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a brazing method capable of exhibiting good hermeticity and corrosion resistance with other pipes when a stainless steel pipe is used as, for example, a pipe for a heat exchanger.
一般に給湯器や空調機、冷凍機等に熱交換器が用いられている。熱交換器は空調機のように室外機に組み込まれており屋外に設置される場合が多い。また、熱交換器は、ＣＯ２やＨＦＣ系フロンなどの冷媒ガスの圧縮と膨張によって熱交換機能を生み出しており、その熱エネルギーを水や空気が吸収して暖められ、給湯や暖房として利用することができる。冷媒ガスや水、空気の流通路としては、素材がりん脱酸銅である銅管を配管として多く使用している。 In general, heat exchangers are used for water heaters, air conditioners, refrigerators, and the like. The heat exchanger is built in an outdoor unit like an air conditioner and is often installed outdoors. In addition, the heat exchanger creates a heat exchange function by compressing and expanding refrigerant gas such as CO 2 and HFC-based chlorofluorocarbon, and the heat energy is absorbed by water and air and used as hot water supply and heating. be able to. As the refrigerant gas, water, and air flow passages, copper pipes made of phosphorus-deoxidized copper are often used as piping.
配管に必要な特性としては、室外機として屋外に設置されることに対する耐食性とコンプレッサーから供給させる冷媒ガスの圧力に対する耐圧性、熱交換の効率化から伝熱性、配管同士の接合性が挙げられ、銅管が多く使用されている。その際の配管接合にはりん銅ろう付けが主流である。しかし、近年の銅の高騰化により、銅に代わる素材の要望が高まっており、異種金属の接合技術が課題になっている。その代替材料の一例として、アルミニウム管が挙げられる。例えば特許文献１に見られる通りである。 Properties required for piping include corrosion resistance against being installed outdoors as an outdoor unit, pressure resistance against the pressure of refrigerant gas supplied from the compressor, heat transfer efficiency from heat exchange efficiency, and connectivity between pipes, Many copper tubes are used. Phosphor copper brazing is the mainstream for joining pipes. However, due to the recent rise in copper, there is an increasing demand for materials that can replace copper, and a technique for joining dissimilar metals has become an issue. An example of the alternative material is an aluminum tube. For example, as seen in Patent Document 1.
アルミニウム管と銅管を接続する場合は、例えば図１に見られるように、アルミニウム管と銅管のいずれか一方の端部、例えば銅管の端部を拡管してアルミニウム管を銅管の拡管部に挿入し、ろう材を挿入部に浸透させて両者をろう付け接合することが一般的である。
そして、特許文献１には、アルミニウム管とステンレス鋼管の両方の端部を拡管し、その拡管部に、接続管となるステンレス鋼管の端部を挿入した後、挿入部にろう材を浸透させて、アルミニウム管とステンレス鋼管を接合させることが紹介されている。
When connecting an aluminum tube and a copper tube, for example, as seen in FIG. 1, one end of the aluminum tube and the copper tube, for example, the end of the copper tube is expanded, and the aluminum tube is expanded to the copper tube. In general, it is inserted into a part, and a brazing material is infiltrated into the insertion part to braze and join them together.
And in patent document 1, after expanding the end part of both an aluminum pipe and a stainless steel pipe, after inserting the end part of the stainless steel pipe used as a connection pipe into the expanded pipe part, a brazing material is made to penetrate into the insertion part. It has been introduced to join aluminum tubes and stainless steel tubes.
しかしながら、アルミニウム管を用いた場合、屋外環境での耐食性に問題が出てくる。このため、銅やアルミニウムよりも屋外環境での耐食性を満足する材料として、ステンレス鋼の使用が想定される。
一般的に、熱交換器で使用される全ての銅管がステンレス鋼管に代替される場合は少ないため、ステンレス鋼管と銅管等の他の管体の接合部が多く発生することになり、耐圧性、耐食性などを確保できるろう付け技術が望まれる。
However, when an aluminum tube is used, a problem arises in corrosion resistance in an outdoor environment. For this reason, the use of stainless steel is assumed as a material that satisfies the corrosion resistance in an outdoor environment rather than copper or aluminum.
In general, all copper pipes used in heat exchangers are rarely replaced with stainless steel pipes, so many joints between stainless steel pipes and other pipes such as copper pipes are generated. Brazing technology that can secure the properties and corrosion resistance is desired.
ステンレス鋼管の使用に限らず、一方の管体の端部を拡管し、その拡管部に他方の管体端部を挿入してろう付け接合する際、拡管加工を受けた管体端部はスプリングバックによって管端の内径が小さくなるため、図２に示すように、ろう材の流し込みが困難になることがある。
また、一方の管体としてステンレス鋼管を用いた場合、図３に示すようにろうのつき回りが悪く、ステンレス鋼管と他の管体の接合部に４０〜５０μｍ程度の隙間が生じると、隙間腐食が発生し、ステンレス鋼管に腐食が進行し易くなる。特に相手管体が銅管の場合には、Ｃｕイオンが発生して隙間腐食が顕著になる。
Not only the use of stainless steel pipes, but when the end of one pipe is expanded and the other pipe end is inserted into the expanded pipe and brazed and joined, the end of the pipe that has undergone the expansion process is a spring. Since the inner diameter of the tube end is reduced by the back, it is sometimes difficult to pour the brazing material as shown in FIG.
In addition, when a stainless steel pipe is used as one of the pipe bodies, as shown in FIG. 3, when the brazing is poor and a gap of about 40 to 50 μm occurs at the joint between the stainless steel pipe and the other pipe body, crevice corrosion Is generated, and the stainless steel pipe is easily corroded. In particular, when the counterpart tube is a copper tube, Cu ions are generated and crevice corrosion becomes remarkable.
本発明は、このような問題点を解消するために案出されたものであり、一方の管体としてステンレス鋼管を用い、他の管体とろう付け接合する際に、接合部における隙間腐食の発生を防止するとともに、ろう材のつき回りを安定化させて所定の接合強度を発現し得るろう付け方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been devised to solve such problems. When a stainless steel pipe is used as one of the pipes and brazed to the other pipe, the crevice corrosion at the joint is eliminated. An object of the present invention is to provide a brazing method capable of preventing the occurrence and stabilizing the brazing of the brazing material to express a predetermined bonding strength.
本発明のステンレス鋼管のろう付け方法は、その目的を達成するため、少なくとも一方の管体がステンレス鋼管である二つの管体の、何れかの管端を他方の管端内側に挿入嵌合した後、二つの管体の端部における外側管の内周面と内側管の外周面との間にろう材を流し込んで両管体をろう付けする際、前記挿入嵌合の前に内側管となる管体の先端部に予め縮径加工を施しておくことを特徴とする。
挿入嵌合の前に、さらに外側管となる管体の先端に予めフレア加工を施しておくことが好ましい。
In order to achieve the object of the brazing method for a stainless steel pipe of the present invention, either pipe end of two pipe bodies, at least one of which is a stainless steel pipe, is inserted and fitted inside the other pipe end. After that, when brazing the two pipe bodies by pouring a brazing material between the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe and the outer peripheral face of the inner pipe at the ends of the two pipe bodies, A diameter reduction process is performed in advance on the tip of the tubular body.
Prior to insertion fitting, it is preferable to further flare the tip of the tubular body that will be the outer tube.
ろう付けされる二つの管体の内の他方の管体として銅管を用いることができる。この際、外側管となる管体に銅管を配することが好ましい。
そして、内側管となる管体の先端部に縮径加工が施され、又はさらに外側管となる管体の先端部にフレア加工が施され、内側管の先端部の外周面と外側管の内周面との間隔、又は内側管の先端部の外周面と外側管の内周面との間隔及び外側管の先端部の内周面と内側管の外周面との間隔を、５０μｍを超えるような間隔に調整して挿入した後にろう付けすることが好ましい。
A copper pipe can be used as the other pipe of the two pipes to be brazed. At this time, it is preferable to dispose a copper tube in a tubular body that becomes an outer tube.
Then, the diameter of the distal end of the tube serving as the inner tube is reduced, or the distal end of the tube serving as the outer tube is further flared, so that the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the inner tube and the inner tube The distance between the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube and the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube and the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube and the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube and the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube exceed 50 μm. It is preferable to braze after inserting it after adjusting to a proper interval.
本発明では、一方の管体としてステンレス鋼管を用い、何れかの管端を他方の管端内側に挿入嵌合した後、二つの管体の端部における外側管の内周面と内側管の外周面との間にろう材を流し込んで両管体をろう付けする際に、内側管となる管体の先端に予め縮径加工が施されているため、流体が流れる管体内側の、内側管先端部と外側管内壁面とのクリアランスが、隙間腐食を起こしやすいクリアランスよりも広くなり、その結果として、ろう付け接合部内面における隙間腐食の発生を抑制することができる。 In the present invention, a stainless steel pipe is used as one pipe body, and after inserting and fitting one of the pipe ends into the other pipe end, the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe and the inner pipe at the ends of the two pipe bodies are inserted. When the brazing material is poured between the outer peripheral surface and the two pipes are brazed, the tip of the pipe that becomes the inner pipe is preliminarily reduced in diameter. The clearance between the tube tip and the inner wall surface of the outer tube is wider than the clearance that easily causes crevice corrosion, and as a result, the occurrence of crevice corrosion on the inner surface of the brazed joint can be suppressed.
この効果は、他方の管体が銅管の場合に顕著となる。すなわち、他方の管体が銅管の場合、銅とステンレス鋼が腐食性流体の存在下で隣接した態様となるが、両材間の流体中に銅からＣｕイオンが溶出し、ステンレス鋼を浸食し易くなる現象の発現を、腐食性流体に曝される部位の両者間クリアランスを大きくすることにより抑制することができる。
また、二つの管体の端部の接合部は、全体的にはろう付けに好適な４０〜５０μｍのクリアランスを確保しつつ、腐食性流体に曝される部位の両者間クリアランスのみを大きくしているので、ろう材の使用量を必要以上に多量になることはなく、つき回りも十分になされる。このため、一定の接合強度を発現し得るろう付けが安定的に行われる。
This effect is significant when the other tube is a copper tube. That is, when the other tube is a copper tube, copper and stainless steel are adjacent in the presence of a corrosive fluid, but Cu ions are eluted from the copper into the fluid between the two materials, eroding the stainless steel. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of a phenomenon that is easily performed by increasing the clearance between both parts exposed to the corrosive fluid.
In addition, the joint between the ends of the two pipes has a clearance of 40 to 50 μm suitable for brazing as a whole, and only increases the clearance between the parts exposed to the corrosive fluid. As a result, the amount of brazing filler metal used is not increased more than necessary, and the throw-in is also sufficient. For this reason, the brazing which can express fixed joint strength is performed stably.
本発明者らは、冷蔵庫や空調機器等の熱交換器用の配管として用いられている銅管を主体とした配管に替えてステンレス鋼管を主体とした配管にすることを検討した。
ステンレス鋼管を主体とした配管とするに当たっても、部位によっては銅管を用いざるを得なくなる。
例えば、ステンレス鋼管と銅管を合わせて用いようとすると、両管体を何らかの方法で水密的に接合する必要がある。一般的にはろう付け接合法が採用される。
The inventors of the present invention have studied to replace a pipe mainly composed of a copper pipe used as a pipe for a heat exchanger such as a refrigerator or an air conditioner with a pipe mainly composed of a stainless steel pipe.
Even when a pipe mainly made of a stainless steel pipe is used, depending on the part, a copper pipe must be used.
For example, if a stainless steel pipe and a copper pipe are used together, it is necessary to join both pipes in a watertight manner by some method. Generally, a brazing method is employed.
例えば図１に示すように、二つの管体の、何れかの管端を他方の管端内側に挿入嵌合した後、二つの管体の端部における外側管の内周面と内側管の外周面との間にろう材を流し込んで両管体をろう付けしている。二つの管体として同径のものを用いる際には、一般的に、外側管となる管体の管端に拡径加工を施し、この拡径端部に他の管体の端部を挿入している。
このような挿入・ろう付け態様を採用すると、通常、挿入接合部の外側管と内側管の間のクリアランスが、４０〜５０μｍ程度の、ステンレス鋼が隙間腐食を起こしやすい間隔となることが多く、図３に示すように、内側管先端部における接合部にろう材が十分に充填されていないと、内側を流れる流体との関係で隙間腐食を起こしやすくなる。
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, after inserting and fitting one pipe end of two pipe bodies inside the other pipe end, the inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe and the inner pipe at the end of the two pipe bodies Both pipes are brazed by pouring a brazing material between the outer peripheral surfaces. When two pipes with the same diameter are used, generally, the pipe end of the pipe that will be the outer pipe is subjected to diameter expansion processing, and the end of another pipe is inserted into this expanded diameter end. doing.
When such an insertion / brazing mode is employed, the clearance between the outer tube and the inner tube of the insertion joint is usually about 40 to 50 μm, and the stainless steel is likely to cause crevice corrosion, As shown in FIG. 3, if the brazing material is not sufficiently filled in the joint portion at the tip of the inner tube, crevice corrosion is likely to occur due to the fluid flowing inside.
また、一般的にはこのように、挿入される側の外側管となる管体の端部に、予め拡管加工を施しておく場合が多いが、拡管加工を受けた端部はスプリングバックによって内径が小さくなるため、図２に見られるように、ろう材の流し込みが困難になることがある。
そこで、内側管先端部における接合部での隙間腐食を抑制するために、或いは拡管加工を受けた端部がスプリングバックして径が細くなってもろう材を流し込み易くするために拡管径を太くすることが想定される。
In general, the end portion of the tubular body that is the outer tube on the side to be inserted is generally subjected to tube expansion processing in advance, but the end portion subjected to the tube expansion processing has an inner diameter by a spring back. As shown in FIG. 2, it may be difficult to cast the brazing material.
Therefore, in order to suppress crevice corrosion at the joint at the tip of the inner pipe, or to make it easier to pour the brazing material even if the end subjected to the pipe expansion process is springback and the diameter is reduced, the pipe expansion diameter is increased. It is assumed to be thick.
しかしながら、外側管となる管体の管端部における拡管径を大きくして、内側管との接合部におけるクリアランスを大きくし過ぎると、図４に示すように、センタリング不良を起こしたり、ろう材の使用量が多くなったりして、結果的にコスト高となってしまう。さらに、クリアランスが大きすぎるためにろう材が溶け落ち、結果的にろう付け不良を起こして所定の接合強度を発現できない場合がある。 However, if the expanded pipe diameter at the tube end of the tubular body that is the outer tube is increased and the clearance at the joint with the inner tube is increased too much, as shown in FIG. As a result, the amount of use increases, resulting in high costs. Furthermore, since the clearance is too large, the brazing material melts down, resulting in a brazing failure and a predetermined bonding strength may not be achieved.
本発明は、上記問題点を解決しようとするものである。以下に、本発明の特徴を説明する。
本発明では、まず、内側管となる管体の先端に予め縮径加工を施しておくこととした。
管体の先端に予め縮径加工を施した管体を、管端に拡管加工を施した管体の先端部に挿入する。この際、図５に示すように、挿入・接合部の大部分が通常通り４０〜５０μｍ程度のクリアランスとなっていたとしても、内側管となる管体先端部では、縮径加工されているので、当該部位でのクリアランスは５０μｍを超えた寸法になっている。
なお、ろう材の流れ込みを容易にする意味では、図６に示すように、拡管加工を施した外側管用管体の先端部にフレア加工を施しておくことが好ましい。
The present invention is intended to solve the above problems. The features of the present invention will be described below.
In the present invention, first, the diameter reduction processing is performed in advance on the tip of the tubular body that becomes the inner tube.
A tube body whose diameter has been reduced in advance at the distal end of the tube body is inserted into the distal end portion of the tube body that has been subjected to tube expansion processing at the tube end. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, even if most of the insertion / joining portion has a clearance of about 40 to 50 μm as usual, the diameter of the inner end of the tubular body is reduced. The clearance at the part is a dimension exceeding 50 μm.
In the sense of facilitating the flow of the brazing material, as shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to flare the tip of the outer pipe body subjected to the pipe expansion process.
拡管加工を施した外側管用管体に、先端に縮径加工を施した内側管用管体を挿入する際には、内側管となる管体先端に所定のクリアランスが確保されるように、各部位の寸法から算出された部位までの挿入になるように、挿入深さを厳密に制御することは言及するまでもない。
このようなクリアランスを有する両管体の隙間に通常通りろう材を流し込んでろう付けする。この際、仮に、内側管となる管体先端にろう材のつき回り不足が生じていたとしても、当該部位のクリアランスは、隙間腐食が起こり易い５０μｍを超えているので当該部位での隙間腐食の発生が抑制される。
When inserting an inner tube body with a diameter-reduced tip into the outer tube body that has been subjected to tube expansion processing, each part should be secured so that a predetermined clearance is secured at the tube end that becomes the inner tube. It goes without saying that the insertion depth is strictly controlled so that the insertion is performed up to the site calculated from the dimensions of the above.
A brazing material is poured into the gap between the two tubular bodies having such clearance as usual. At this time, even if the brazing material is insufficiently wound around the tip of the tubular body serving as the inner tube, the clearance of the part exceeds 50 μm where crevice corrosion is likely to occur. Occurrence is suppressed.
実際のろう付け作業では、図７に示すように、所定のクリアランスを有する両管体の隙間で構成されるろう付け領域から、所要のろう材量を算出し、この算出値に合致する量に、棒状ろう材をカットする。その後、カットされた棒状ろう材を被接合管体の径に合わせて丸め、丸められたろう材を先端がフレア加工された外側管のフレア加工部上、内側管の外表面に沿って載置した後、全体を加熱する。これにより、ろう材は溶融され、接合部のクリアランス部に浸透・固化して二本の管体がろう付け接合されることになる。
このような方法を採用すれば、不良発生原因となる充填量のバラツキはなくなり、特性が安定した接合部が得られる。
In the actual brazing operation, as shown in FIG. 7, the required amount of brazing material is calculated from the brazing region formed by the gap between the two tubular bodies having a predetermined clearance, and the amount matches the calculated value. Cut the rod-shaped brazing material. After that, the cut rod-shaped brazing material was rounded according to the diameter of the pipe to be joined, and the rounded brazing material was placed on the flared portion of the outer tube whose tip was flared, along the outer surface of the inner tube. After that, the whole is heated. As a result, the brazing material is melted and permeates and solidifies in the clearance portion of the joint portion, so that the two pipe bodies are brazed and joined.
By adopting such a method, there is no variation in the filling amount that causes defects, and a joint having stable characteristics can be obtained.
続いて、本発明の第二番目の特徴である相手の管体について説明する。
ステンレス鋼管とろう付け接合する管体としては、基本的にはどのような材質の管体でも構わないが、例えば熱交換器用配管への適用を想定すると、銅管と接合することが好ましい。特に銅管との接合体に冷媒等の流体を流したとき、流体中にＣｕイオンが溶出し、ステンレス鋼を腐食しやすくなる。銅とステンレス鋼との間の隙間（クリアランス）が４０〜５０μｍになっていると、隙間腐食が顕著となる。
そこで、ろう材のつき回り不足が起き易い箇所、管体のろう付け接合体にあっては内側管の先端外表面と外側管内表面との間のクリアランスを広く、好ましくは５０μｍを超えるようにしておくことで、隙間腐食の発生を抑制することができる。
Then, the other party's tubular body which is the 2nd characteristic of this invention is demonstrated.
The pipe body to be brazed and joined to the stainless steel pipe may basically be a pipe body of any material, but for example, assuming application to a heat exchanger pipe, it is preferably joined to a copper pipe. In particular, when a fluid such as a refrigerant is passed through the joined body with the copper tube, Cu ions are eluted in the fluid, and the stainless steel is easily corroded. When the gap (clearance) between copper and stainless steel is 40 to 50 μm, crevice corrosion becomes significant.
Therefore, in a portion where brazing of the brazing material is liable to occur, in the case of a brazed joint of a tube, the clearance between the outer surface of the inner tube and the outer surface of the outer tube is wide, and preferably exceeds 50 μm. By setting it, generation | occurrence | production of crevice corrosion can be suppressed.
ところで、ステンレス鋼管と銅管を、例えば図６に示すような態様でろう付け接合したとき、いずれの管体を外側管とするかによって、接続体として耐久性が変わってくる。
すなわち、銅とステンレス鋼とを接触させた場合、隙間腐食はステンレス鋼側でより進行するため、図６に示すような態様のろう付け接合体にあっては、ステンレス鋼管を外側管とすると、ステンレス鋼管に穴あきが生じることがあり、中の流体が漏洩するおそれがある。このため、ステンレス鋼管と銅管の、図６に示すような態様のろう付け接合体にあっては、銅管が外側管となるように配置することが好ましい。
By the way, when the stainless steel pipe and the copper pipe are brazed and joined in a manner as shown in FIG. 6, for example, the durability varies as a connection body depending on which pipe body is used as the outer pipe.
That is, when copper and stainless steel are brought into contact, crevice corrosion progresses more on the stainless steel side. Therefore, in the brazed joint of the embodiment as shown in FIG. Stainless steel pipes may be perforated, and the fluid inside may leak. For this reason, in the brazed joint of the aspect shown in FIG. 6 of a stainless steel pipe and a copper pipe, it is preferable to arrange the copper pipe to be an outer pipe.
素材には、φ12.7×0.6tの銅管（C1220リン脱酸銅のO材、Hv50）及びφ12.7×0.6tのフェライト系ステンレス鋼（22Cr-0.2Ti-0.2Nb-1Mo、Hv170）を用いた。
また、ろう材として隙間への浸透性が良く、銀ろうとして一般的なBAG7（JIS）を用い、酸化防止用のフラックスにはF10Hを用いた。管内面酸化防止のために窒素ガスを通気させた状態でろう付け作業を実施した。
The material is φ12.7 × 0.6t copper tube (C1220 phosphorous deoxidized copper O material, Hv50) and φ12.7 × 0.6t ferritic stainless steel (22Cr-0.2Ti-0.2Nb-1Mo, Hv170) Was used.
In addition, BAG7 (JIS), which is a common brazing material, used BAG7 (JIS) as a brazing filler metal, and F10H was used as a flux for preventing oxidation. The brazing operation was carried out in a state where nitrogen gas was passed to prevent oxidation of the inner surface of the tube.
比較例１；
銅管の管端を拡管加工し、拡管部にステンレス鋼管を勘合代が5mm程度、隙間が40〜50μｍになるように挿入し、図１に示したような、一般的な勘合部構造においてろう付けを行った。
Comparative Example 1;
The pipe end of the copper pipe is expanded, and a stainless steel pipe is inserted into the expanded portion so that the fitting allowance is about 5 mm and the gap is 40-50 μm. In the general fitting portion structure as shown in FIG. I did.
発明例１；
ステンレス鋼管をテーパ付きダイスに押し当て、図８（ａ）に示すように、先端の外径が銅管拡管部内径より小さいφ10mm程度へ縮径加工した。縮径加工を施したステンレス鋼管の管端を銅管の拡管部分に、縮径加工した管端部における隙間が５０μｍを超える間隔に調整して、勘合代が5mm程度になるように挿入し、外側管の内周面と内側管の外周面との間にろう材を流し込んで両管体のろう付けを行った（図８（ｂ）参照）。
Invention Example 1;
The stainless steel pipe was pressed against a tapered die, and as shown in FIG. 8A, the diameter of the tip was reduced to about φ10 mm, which was smaller than the inner diameter of the copper pipe expanded portion. Adjust the pipe end of the reduced diameter stainless steel pipe to the expanded pipe part of the copper pipe so that the gap at the reduced diameter pipe end exceeds 50 μm, and insert it so that the fitting allowance is about 5 mm. A brazing material was poured between the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube and the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube to braze both tubes (see FIG. 8B).
発明例２；
ステンレス鋼管をテーパ付きダイスに押し当て、先端の外径が銅管拡管部内径より小さいφ10mm程度へ縮径加工した。先端部分に拡管加工を施した銅管の管端部分にテーパ付きパンチを押し当て、先端の内径が拡管部内径よりも大きいφ17ｍｍ程度へフレア加工した。銅管のフレア加工を施した管端部にステンレス鋼管の縮径加工を施した管端部を両者の管端部における隙間が５０μｍを超える間隔に調整して、勘合代が5mm程度になるように挿入した（図９（ａ））。その後、外側管の内周面と内側管の外周面との間にろう材を流し込んで両管体のろう付けを行った（図９（ｂ）参照）。
Invention Example 2;
The stainless steel pipe was pressed against a tapered die, and the diameter of the tip was reduced to about φ10mm, which is smaller than the inner diameter of the copper pipe expansion section. A tapered punch was pressed against the pipe end portion of the copper pipe whose pipe end was subjected to pipe expansion processing, and flared to a diameter of about 17 mm, where the inner diameter of the tip was larger than the inner diameter of the pipe expansion section. Adjust the pipe end of the copper pipe flared to the end of the stainless steel pipe with a gap exceeding 50 μm so that the fitting allowance is about 5 mm. (FIG. 9A). Thereafter, a brazing material was poured between the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube and the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube to braze both tubes (see FIG. 9B).
本実施例におけるろう付け管の使用条件は管内部に流体を流すことを目的としたものである。このろう付け管の内部に、2000ppmのCl−と、2ppmのCu2＋を含んだ80℃の試験水を循環させ、1ヶ月間の耐食試験を実施した。その後、ろう付け部の耐食性を評価するために断面調査を行った。その結果、ろう付け部に腐食が発生したものを「×」、腐食の発生が無く隙間間隔からも腐食発生の可能性が極めて低いものを「〇」、今回の試験では腐食の発生は無いものの隙間間隔から腐食の発生が懸念されるものを「△」として評価を行った。以上の結果をまとめて表1に示す。 The use conditions of the brazing tube in this embodiment are for the purpose of flowing a fluid inside the tube. Inside the brazed tube, test water at 80 ° C. containing 2000 ppm of Cl − and 2 ppm of Cu 2+ was circulated, and a corrosion resistance test for one month was performed. Thereafter, a cross-sectional investigation was conducted to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the brazed part. As a result, “×” indicates that corrosion occurred in the brazed portion, “O” indicates that corrosion does not occur and the possibility of occurrence of corrosion is extremely low even from the gap interval, but no corrosion occurred in this test. Evaluation was made with “△” indicating that there was concern about the occurrence of corrosion due to the gap interval. The above results are summarized in Table 1.
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| JP2016138731A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-08-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Heat exchanger |
| KR101704753B1 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2017-02-22 | (주)엠에스코리아 | Closing member and closing method of stainless steel piping for refrigerant |
| KR20180086747A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-08-01 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Air conditioner system |
| WO2020088554A1 (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Brazed pipeline joint and processing method |
| CN111604634A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-01 | 天津大学 | Thick-wall pipeline welding construction method |
| JP2021191581A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-16 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Method for production of brazing structure and the brazing structure |
| WO2023138465A1 (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2023-07-27 | 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 | Pipeline for air-conditioning system |
| JP7502213B2 (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2024-06-18 | 京セラ株式会社 | Pipe joint, radiator, and fuel cell device |
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