JP2013167388A - Air conditioning equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide air conditioning equipment capable of suppressing frost formation or snow accumulation on an adsorption condenser during a heating operation.SOLUTION: An adsorption condenser 50 of air conditioning equipment having an adsorption heat pump is disposed adjacent to at least a part of an adsorption heat exchanger 52, at an upstream side in an air blow passage than the adsorption heat exchanger 52. A fluid passing in a waste heat passage of an engine 14 is caused to flow in the adsorption heat exchanger 52. Even during a heating operation, the adsorption condenser 50 can be heated by the heat of the adsorption heat exchanger 52.

Description

The present invention relates to an air conditioner that adjusts the temperature of indoor air.

  In the air conditioner, it is required to increase COP (Coefficient of Performance, coefficient of performance) indicating the cooling / heating efficiency per 1 kW of power consumption. Therefore, an air conditioner equipped with an adsorption heat pump having an adsorbent such as silica gel capable of adsorbing a working fluid such as water is known (see Patent Documents 1 to 3). This type of air conditioning apparatus preliminarily cools the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit and compressed by the compressor during the cooling operation of the indoor unit by the cooling action obtained by the adsorption heat pump, thereby It is intended to improve COP.

  A general adsorption heat pump has an adsorption part that contains an adsorbent (eg silica gel) from which a working fluid (eg water) can be desorbed, and an adsorption condenser that condenses and liquefies the gaseous working fluid desorbed from the adsorption part. And a cooling unit for vaporizing the working fluid liquefied by the adsorption condenser. The refrigerant for the air conditioner can be directly or indirectly cooled by the latent heat of vaporization generated at this time in the cooling unit.

JP 2005-195184 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-296922 JP 2011-174679 A

  An air conditioner equipped with the adsorption heat pump described above condenses a gaseous working fluid desorbed from the adsorbent in addition to an adsorbing portion having an adsorbent such as silica gel that can adsorb working fluid such as water. The temperature is raised by cooling the adsorption condenser, the cooling part that vaporizes the working fluid condensed by the adsorption condenser and generates a cooling action by latent heat of vaporization, and the adsorption part that has been heated by the adsorption mode. And an adsorption heat exchanger that cools the cooling fluid for the adsorption heat pump by heat exchange with the outside air.

  When the above-described adsorption heat pump is mounted on the air conditioner, the cooling efficiency is improved because the refrigerant of the air conditioner can be cooled by the adsorption heat pump during the cooling operation. However, the inventors of the present application have conducted extensive studies to improve the APF of the air conditioner throughout the year. As a result, it is difficult to improve the heating operation efficiency in winter in an air conditioner equipped with an adsorption heat pump. I found it. This is due to the following reason.

  As described above, the adsorption condenser in the adsorption heat pump generally condenses the gaseous working fluid by air cooling. The outdoor unit of the air conditioner includes a plurality of heat exchangers such as a condenser other than the adsorption condenser and a radiator. The fluids that flow through these various heat exchangers (the refrigerant for the air conditioner, the coolant for the engine, the coolant for the adsorption heat pump, etc.) are all at a higher temperature than the working fluid that flows through the adsorption condenser. . Accordingly, the adsorption condenser is disposed on the outermost side of the outdoor unit. By the way, for example, in the winter season, the air conditioner is not cooled. In this case, the adsorption heat pump is stopped, and the flow of the working fluid in the adsorption condenser is also stopped. As described above, since the condenser for adsorption is located on the outermost side of the outdoor unit, it is cooled by the outside air. When the outside air temperature is low or snow falls, the adsorption condenser is frosted or snow is deposited on the adsorption condenser.

  The fluid flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner (the refrigerant for the air conditioner) is lower in temperature than the coolant for the engine (so-called engine coolant). For this reason, the outdoor heat exchanger is generally arranged inside the adsorption condenser in the outdoor unit and adjacent to the adsorption condenser. During heating operation, the outdoor heat exchanger functions as an evaporator that vaporizes the working fluid, but as described above, when the adsorption condenser is frosted or snowy, the outdoor heat exchanger is used for adsorption. It is cooled by a condenser. For this reason, the vaporization process of the working fluid by the outdoor heat exchanger is difficult to be performed efficiently, and the heating efficiency of the air conditioner may be difficult to improve. By defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger (that is, by temporarily cooling the air conditioner and circulating a warm working fluid through the outdoor heat exchanger), the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger can be increased. However, even with this defrosting operation, it is difficult to heat the adsorption condenser to such an extent that defrosting and snow removal are possible. For this reason, it has been difficult to further improve the heating efficiency of the air conditioner during heating operation.

  This invention is made | formed in view of an above-described situation, and makes it a subject to provide the air conditioning apparatus which can suppress the frost formation and snow accumulation of the condenser for adsorption | suction at the time of heating operation.

  An air conditioner according to the present invention is an air conditioner for cooling and heating a room, wherein an adsorption mode in which a working fluid is adsorbed by an adsorbent and the working fluid adsorbed by the adsorbent are desorbed from the adsorbent. An adsorbing section that can alternately execute the desorption mode, a cooling section that generates a cooling action by the latent heat of vaporization of the working fluid in accordance with the execution of the adsorption mode and the desorption mode, and the execution of the desorption mode An adsorption heat pump condenser that condenses the gaseous working fluid desorbed from the adsorbent, and an adsorption heat pump heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the adsorbent that has generated heat when the adsorption mode is executed. And an adsorption heat pump having a compressor that compresses the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit during the cooling operation of the indoor unit and discharges the refrigerant from the outdoor unit during the heating operation of the indoor unit. A compressor for compressing the refrigerant, an engine for driving the compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat to condense the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, and a condenser for the adsorption heat pump for cooling air outside the apparatus, A fan element that forms a ventilation path to be supplied to the adsorption heat pump heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the adsorption heat pump heat exchanger includes a waste heat path of an engine that drives the compressor The adsorption heat pump heat exchanger is adjacent to the outdoor heat exchanger on the upstream side of the air flow path from the outdoor heat exchanger, and the adsorption heat pump condenser is the adsorption heat exchanger. Adjacent to at least part of the heat exchanger for adsorption heat pump on the upstream side of the air flow path from the heat exchanger for heat pump A.

  Hereinafter, the air conditioner is simply abbreviated as an air conditioner. Further, the heat exchanger for adsorption heat pump is simply abbreviated as an adsorption heat exchanger. The adsorption heat pump condenser is simply abbreviated as an adsorption condenser. An engine that drives a compressor of an air conditioner is simply abbreviated as an engine.

  According to the air conditioner of the present invention, the fluid passing through the waste heat path of the engine is circulated to the adsorption heat exchanger. For this reason, the adsorption heat exchanger is warmed by the waste heat of the engine during the cooling operation and the heating operation. By adjoining at least a part of the heat exchanger for adsorption to the condenser for adsorption, the condenser for adsorption can be warmed. Therefore, it is difficult for frost and snow to accumulate on the adsorption condenser even in winter. Further, even when the adsorption heat exchanger has frost or snow, it can be defrosted and removed by the adsorption heat exchanger. For this reason, the outdoor heat exchanger is not easily cooled by the adsorption condenser, and the working fluid can be efficiently vaporized by the outdoor heat exchanger. That is, according to the air conditioner of the present invention, it is possible to suppress deterioration in heating efficiency in winter.

  Moreover, the air conditioner of this invention is excellent in cooling efficiency by providing an adsorption heat pump. Furthermore, since the adsorption condenser is located on the upstream side of the air flow path from the adsorption heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, it is efficiently cooled during the cooling operation. For this reason, according to the air conditioner of this invention, the cooling efficiency deterioration in the summer can be suppressed. That is, according to the air conditioner of the present invention, it is possible to improve the cooling / heating efficiency for the whole year.

  In the air conditioner of the present invention, it is preferable that at least a part of the adsorption heat exchanger and the adsorption condenser are in contact with each other. In this case, the adsorption heat exchanger can efficiently warm the adsorption condenser, so that frost formation and snow accumulation of the adsorption condenser can be further suppressed, and heating efficiency in winter can be further improved.

  The air conditioner of the present invention is provided with an adsorption heat pump, is excellent in cooling efficiency, and can suppress frost formation and snow accumulation of the adsorption condenser during heating operation.

It is a block diagram which represents typically the structure of the air conditioner of embodiment at the time of 1st mode implementation. It is a block diagram which represents typically the structure of the air conditioner of embodiment at the time of 2nd mode implementation. It is explanatory drawing which represents typically the structure of the outdoor unit in the air conditioner of embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a specific example is given and the air conditioner of this invention is demonstrated.

(Embodiment)
<Air conditioner>
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the concept of an air conditioner according to an embodiment. The air conditioner adjusts the temperature of indoor air. The air conditioner has an outdoor unit 1 having an adsorption heat pump 2. The adsorption heat pump 2 includes a case 20, a first adsorption unit 21 and a second adsorption unit 22 provided in the case 20, a cooling unit 23 that generates latent heat of vaporization, a first four-way valve 24, and a second four-way. The valve 25 and the first port 31 to the eighth port 38 provided in the case 20 are provided. The 1st adsorption part 21 and the 2nd adsorption part 22 have porous adsorbents, such as silica gel, activated carbon, and activated alumina which can adsorb working fluid, such as water. The first four-way valve 24 switches between the first passage 26 on the first adsorption portion 21 side and the second passage 27 on the second adsorption portion 22 side. The second four-way valve 25 switches between the first passage 26 on the first adsorption part 21 side and the second passage 27 on the second adsorption part 22 side. Specifically, the first four-way valve 24 and the second four-way valve 25 are switched to correspond to a first mode and a second mode described later. In the first mode, the first passage 26 on the first adsorption portion 21 side is connected to an engine coolant passage 9 described later, and coolant (engine coolant) exchanged with the engine 14 described later is passed to the first passage 26. Circulate. At this time, the second passage 27 on the second adsorption portion 22 side is connected to an adsorption coolant passage 6 described later, and the coolant (adsorption coolant) that has passed through the adsorption heat exchanger 52 described later is supplied to the second passage 27. To distribute. In the second mode, the first passage 26 on the first adsorption portion 21 side is connected to the adsorption coolant passage 6 so that the adsorption coolant flows through the first passage 26. At this time, the second passage 27 on the second adsorption portion 22 side is connected to the engine coolant passage 9, and the engine coolant is circulated through the second passage 27. The coolant for the engine and the coolant for adsorption are the same except that the flow paths are different and the temperature is different.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an adsorption condenser 50 capable of ventilating the gaseous working fluid desorbed from the adsorbent is provided outside the case 20. The cooling unit 23 receives the liquid working fluid condensed by the adsorption condenser 50 through the communication path 45 and vaporizes the liquid working fluid to generate a cooling action by latent heat of vaporization. The adsorption heat pump 2 is provided with a working fluid passage 40 for circulating the working fluid. As shown in FIG. 1, the working fluid passage 40 in the adsorption heat pump 2 includes a cooling unit 23, a first valve 41, a first adsorption unit 21, a second valve 42, an eighth port 38, an adsorption condenser 50, The seventh port 37, the third valve 43, the second adsorption unit 22, the fourth valve 44, and the cooling unit 23 are communicated in order, and the communication path 45 is provided to communicate the adsorption condenser 50 and the cooling unit 23.

  The coolant flows through the adsorption coolant passage 6 (adsorption heat pump coolant passage). The adsorption coolant passage 6 cools the first adsorption portion 21 and the second adsorption portion 22 of the adsorption heat pump 2 alternately with the coolant. The adsorption coolant passage 6 is connected to the adsorption heat pump 2 via the first port 31 of the adsorption heat pump 2, the adsorbing heat exchanger 52, the pump 60 (adsorption heat pump coolant conveying means), and the second port 32. 2 communicates with the first passage 26 or the second passage 27 in the second passage.

  The refrigerant passage 74 that communicates with the indoor unit 8 has a return path 74 y that returns the refrigerant from the indoor unit 8 to the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and a forward path 74 x that moves the refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 toward the indoor unit 8. . In the refrigerant passage 74, a compressor 83 is provided upstream of the outdoor heat exchanger 7. The compressor 83 compresses the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit 8 to increase the temperature and pressure. The compressor 83 is driven by the engine 14.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the outdoor unit 1 of the air conditioner is disposed on a two-story base 15. Specifically, the first floor portion of the base body 15 is an engine room, and an engine 14, a compressor 83, and the like are arranged. A blower fan 10 is disposed on the second floor portion of the base body 15. The blower fan 10 takes outside air from the outside of the base 15 into the base 15 and further blows air above the base 15. The outdoor heat exchanger 7, the adsorption condenser 50, the adsorption heat exchanger 52, and an engine radiator 91 to be described later are arranged on the second floor portion of the base body 15 (that is, on the blowing path 11 formed by the blowing fan 10). Ventilation is possible. The outdoor heat exchanger 7 is divided into two. The heat exchanger for adsorption 52 is also divided into two parts and is arranged one by one on the outside of each outdoor heat exchanger 7. Each outdoor heat exchanger 7 and each adsorption heat exchanger 52 adjacent thereto are slightly separated (in the embodiment, about 20 mm). An adsorption condenser 50 is integrally disposed on the outside of one adsorption heat exchanger 52. That is, the adsorption condenser 50 and the adsorption heat exchanger 52 are integrated and in contact with each other. The adsorption condenser 50 is disposed on the outermost side of the base body 15, and is disposed on the uppermost stream side of the blowing path 11 inside the base body 15. The engine radiator 91 is disposed further downstream than the outdoor heat exchanger 7 on the inner side (air blowing path 11).

  When the blower fan 10 as the blower element is driven, the blower passage 11 through which the cooling air passes is formed. In order to obtain the heat exchange function of the adsorption condenser 50 and the adsorption heat exchanger 52 used for the operation of the adsorption heat pump 2 well, the adsorption condenser 50 and the adsorption heat exchanger 52 that are taken in by the blower fan 10 are installed. The temperature of the cooling air 17 to be cooled is preferably 35 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 25 ° C. or lower.

[Cooling operation]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit 8 to the return passage 74 y of the refrigerant passage 74 is compressed by the compressor 83 to become high temperature and high pressure, and is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 7. The The outdoor heat exchanger 7 is provided in the ventilation path 11, cools and condenses the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 83, and advances the liquefaction of the refrigerant. When the refrigerant is thus condensed, the outdoor heat exchanger 7 releases the heat of condensation.

  The forward path 74 x from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 to the indoor unit 8 in the refrigerant path 74 has a bypass 76 that communicates with the cooling unit 23 of the adsorption heat pump 2. The detour circuit 76 includes an outbound path 76 x that travels from the outbound path 74 x to the cooling unit 23, a return path 76 y that returns from the cooling unit 23, and a detour valve (three-way valve) 75 that bypasses the refrigerant to the detour circuit 76. During the cooling operation, the bypass valve 75 is switched to communicate with the bypass circuit 76 side. Between the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the compressor 83, a refrigerant valve 73 for controlling the amount of refrigerant supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is provided. Outward passage 74 x of refrigerant passage 74 is led out from outlet 7 p of outdoor heat exchanger 7, and passes through cooling unit 23 of adsorption heat pump 2 via bypass valve 75, forward passage 76 x of bypass route 76, and fifth port 35. Then, it communicates with the indoor unit 8 via the return path 76y, the sixth port 36, and the forward path 74x.

  The indoor unit 8 has an indoor expansion valve 80 that can expand the refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 during cooling, and an indoor heat exchanger 82 that can function as an evaporator during cooling. That is, when the adsorption heat pump 2 is operated during indoor cooling, the refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 flows in the forward path 74x of the refrigerant passage 74, and passes through the bypass valve 75, the bypass circuit 76, and the fifth port 35. To the cooling unit 23 of the adsorption heat pump 2 and precooled by the cooling unit 23. Thereafter, the refrigerant that has been called and cooled is discharged from the sixth port 36, supplied to the indoor unit 8, expanded by the indoor expansion valve 80, further reduced in temperature and pressure by the indoor heat exchanger 82, and evaporated. Generates cooling effect.

  Thus, the gaseous refrigerant evaporated by the indoor heat exchanger 82 flows through the return path 74y of the refrigerant passage 74, is compressed again by the compressor 83 to be high temperature and pressure, and is condensed again by the outdoor heat exchanger 7. Liquefied. When the refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is not supplied to the cooling unit 23 of the adsorption heat pump 2, the bypass valve 75 is switched. Then, the refrigerant that has passed through the detour valve 75 does not flow into the detour circuit 76 but goes straight on the forward path 74 x and is supplied to the indoor unit 8. As a result, the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is directly supplied to the indoor unit 8 via the bypass valve 75 without flowing into the cooling unit 23, that is, without precooling.

  Coolant is distributed in the engine 14. The engine coolant passage 9 alternately heats the first adsorption portion 21 and the second adsorption portion 22 of the adsorption heat pump 2 with the coolant. The engine coolant passage 9 has a pump 90 (engine coolant transfer means). The coolant heated by the engine 14 is discharged from the outlet 14p of the engine 14 by the pump 90, and is supplied from the third port 33 to the first passage 26 or the second passage 27 in the adsorption heat pump 2. Thereafter, the coolant supplied to the first passage 26 or the second passage 27 is further discharged from the fourth port 34 of the adsorption heat pump 2 and returned to the inlet 14 i of the engine 14 via the engine three-way valve 92 and the pump 90. To do.

  The engine radiator 91 has an inlet port A and an outlet port B. When the coolant temperature heated by the engine 14 is excessively high, the engine three-way valve 92 is controlled so that the coolant discharged from the fourth port 34 is supplied to the radiator passage 93 and the engine radiator 91. As a result, the coolant discharged from the fourth port 34 is supplied to the inlet port A through the radiator passage 93, cooled by the heat radiation of the engine radiator 91, discharged from the outlet port B, and then the engine three-way valve 92. Return to the engine 14 via the pump 90 and the inlet 14i. When the coolant temperature heated by the engine 14 is in the appropriate temperature range, the engine three-way valve 92 is operated so that the coolant is not supplied to the engine radiator 91 in order to prevent the coolant from being overcooled. The switching control of each valve is performed by the control unit 100.

[Adsorption heat pump]
The operation of the adsorption heat pump 2 will be described. First, the first mode for executing the desorption mode of the first adsorption unit 21 and the adsorption mode of the second adsorption unit 22 will be described.

(First mode)
As shown in FIG. 1, in the first mode, the first valve 41 and the third valve 43 are closed, and the second valve 42 and the fourth valve 44 are opened. In this state, the control unit 100 controls the first four-way valve 24 and the second four-way valve 25. Specifically, the first four-way valve 24 connects the first passage 26 in the adsorption heat pump 2 to the engine coolant passage 9 and the second passage 27 to the adsorption coolant passage 6. When the pump 90 is operated in this state, the high-temperature coolant heated by the engine 14 passes through the outlet 14p, the forward passage 9x of the engine coolant passage 9, the third port 33, the first four-way valve 24, and the first passage 26. Is supplied to the first adsorption unit 21 to heat the first adsorption unit 21, and further, the second four-way valve 25, the fourth port 34, the return passage 9y of the engine coolant passage 9, the passage 9u, the engine three-way valve 92, and the pump 90. Return to the engine 14 via Thus, the 1st adsorption | suction part 21 is heated with a high temperature coolant, and desorption mode is performed. Further, since the pump 60 is operated, the low-temperature coolant cooled by the adsorption heat exchanger 52 is discharged from the outlet 52p of the adsorption heat exchanger 52, and the forward path 6x of the adsorption coolant passage 6, the pump 60, It is supplied to the second adsorption unit 22 via the 2-port 32, the first four-way valve 24, and the second passage 27 to cool the second adsorption unit 22. At this time, the coolant is heated by the heat of the second adsorbing portion 22, and further, the heat for adsorption from the inlet 52 i through the second passage 27, the second four-way valve 25, the first port 31, and the return path 6 y of the adsorption coolant passage 6. It returns to the exchanger 52 and is cooled by the cooling air 17 in the adsorption heat exchanger 52. Since the second adsorbing portion 22 is cooled by the coolant and performs the adsorbing mode as described above, the overheating of the second adsorbing portion 22 is suppressed, and the adsorption of the gaseous working fluid in the second adsorbing portion 22 continues. .

  In the first mode, as described above, since the first adsorption unit 21 is heated, the working fluid (generally water) adsorbed by the adsorbent of the first adsorption unit 21 is removed from the first adsorption unit 21. It separates into a gaseous state, moves from the port 50f to the adsorption condenser 50 via the second valve 42 and the first passage 28f, and is cooled and condensed by the cooling air 17 in the adsorption condenser 50. Thereby, the working fluid is liquefied in the adsorption condenser 50, and the adsorption condenser 50 releases heat of condensation. In this case, since the first valve 41 and the third valve 43 are closed, the gaseous working fluid (generally, water vapor) desorbed from the first adsorption unit 21 is supplied to the cooling unit 23 and the second adsorption unit. Do not move to 22. The liquid working fluid (generally water) condensed in the adsorption condenser 50 moves to the cooling unit 23 via the communication path 45 by gravity.

  In the first mode, since the second adsorbing portion 22 is cooled by the coolant flowing from the adsorbing coolant passage 6 to the second passage 27, the pressure of the second adsorbing portion 22 decreases. Here, since the first valve 41 and the third valve 43 are closed and the fourth valve 44 is opened, the pressure of the cooling unit 23 decreases as the pressure of the second adsorption unit 22 decreases, and thus the cooling unit The vaporization of the liquid working fluid accommodated in 23 proceeds. The gaseous working fluid (generally water) in the cooling unit 23 moves to the second adsorption unit 22 through the open fourth valve 44 and is adsorbed by the second adsorption unit 22. At this time, since the first valve 41 and the third valve 43 are closed, the gaseous working fluid in the cooling unit 23 does not move to the first adsorption unit 21 and the adsorption condenser 50. By the way, the adsorption action in which the adsorbent adsorbs the working fluid in the second adsorption unit induces heat generation. As a result, the second adsorption unit 22 that adsorbs the gaseous working fluid is heated. In this case, the second adsorbing portion 22 is cooled by the coolant flowing through the second passage 27. Therefore, excessive temperature rise of the second adsorption unit 22 is prevented, and the adsorption performance of the second adsorption unit 22 is maintained.

(Second mode)
Next, the second mode for executing the desorption mode of the second adsorption unit 22 and the adsorption mode of the first adsorption unit 21 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, in the second mode, contrary to the first mode, the second valve 42 and the fourth valve 44 are closed, and the first valve 41 and the third valve 43 are opened. In this state, the control unit 100 controls the first four-way valve 24 and the second four-way valve so that the engine coolant passage 9 is connected to the second passage 27 and the adsorption coolant passage 6 is connected to the first passage 26. 25 is controlled. As a result, the high-temperature coolant heated by the engine 14 is operated by the pump 90, whereby the outlet 14p of the engine 14, the forward passage 9x of the engine coolant passage 9, the third port 33, the first four-way valve 24, and the second passage 27. Is supplied to the second adsorption unit 22 to heat the second adsorption unit 22. Thereafter, the coolant returns to the return passage 9 y of the engine coolant passage 9 through the second passage 27, the second four-way valve 25, and the fourth port 34. Then, the coolant passes through the passage 9u, the engine three-way valve 92, and the pump 90, and returns to the inside of the engine 14. Further, since the pump 60 operates, the low-temperature coolant cooled by the adsorption heat exchanger 52 is discharged from the outlet 52p of the adsorption heat exchanger 52, and the forward path 6x of the adsorption coolant passage 6 and the second port 32 are discharged. The first adsorption part 21 is supplied via the first four-way valve 24 and the first passage 26. Then, the coolant cools the first adsorption portion 21, passes through the second four-way valve 25, the first port 31, and the return path 6y of the adsorption coolant passage 6, and returns to the adsorption heat exchanger 52 from the inlet 52i, for adsorption. It is cooled by the heat exchanger 52. At this time, the gaseous working fluid is cooled and condensed by the adsorption heat exchanger 52. For this reason, the adsorption heat exchanger 52 releases the heat of condensation. As described above, in the second mode, the second adsorption unit 22 is heated by the high-temperature coolant heated by the engine 14, so that the working fluid adsorbed by the second adsorption unit 22 is adsorbent of the second adsorption unit 22. It desorbs from and becomes gaseous. The gaseous working fluid moves to the adsorption condenser 50 through the open third valve 43, the second passage 28s, and the port 50s, and is cooled and condensed by the adsorption condenser 50. Therefore, the working fluid becomes liquid in the adsorption condenser 50, and the adsorption condenser 50 releases heat of condensation. At this time, since the fourth valve 44 and the second valve 42 are closed, the gaseous working fluid generated in the second adsorption unit 22 does not move to the cooling unit 23.

  In the second mode, the pump 60 operates and the first adsorption unit 21 is cooled by the coolant (adsorption coolant), so the pressure of the first adsorption unit 21 decreases. At this time, since the second valve 42 is closed and the first valve 41 is opened, the pressure of the cooling unit 23 is reduced, and vaporization of the working fluid proceeds in the cooling unit 23. For this reason, the cooling unit 23 is cooled by vaporization latent heat. The gaseous working fluid in the cooling unit 23 moves to the first adsorption unit 21 via the first valve 41 and is adsorbed by the first adsorption unit 21. At this time, the first adsorption portion 21 generates heat due to adsorption heat. However, since the coolant flows through the first passage 26, the first adsorption portion 21 is cooled by the coolant, and the excessive temperature rise of the first adsorption portion 21 is suppressed.

  As described above, the first adsorption unit 21 and the second adsorption unit 22 in the adsorption heat pump 2 adsorb the working fluid to the adsorbent and generate heat, and remove the working fluid adsorbed by the adsorbent from the adsorbent. The desorption mode to be released is alternately executed every predetermined time. The predetermined time is appropriately set according to the type and amount of the adsorbent and working fluid. As described above, the adsorption heat pump 2 is operated during the cooling operation, and the cooling unit 23 is cooled in the first mode and the second mode. For this reason, the refrigerant for an air conditioner condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and flowing into the cooling unit 23 is precooled by the cooling unit 23. For this reason, according to the air conditioner of the embodiment, the cooling efficiency during the cooling operation can be improved. During the cooling operation, that is, when the adsorption heat pump 2 is operated, the adsorption condenser 50 and the adsorption heat exchanger 52 are heated.

[Heating operation]
During the heating operation, the control unit 100 stops the adsorption heat pump 2. At this time, the refrigerant used for the heating operation in the indoor unit 8 is liquid or gas-liquid two-phase. The refrigerant is discharged from the indoor unit 8 to the forward path 74x of the refrigerant path 74, contrary to the distribution path in FIG. The refrigerant discharged to the outward path 74x is further expanded by the outdoor expansion valve 99 and then supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 7. Therefore, during heating, the outdoor heat exchanger 7 functions as an evaporator that vaporizes the refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 flows into the compressor 83 via the refrigerant valve 73. The refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 83 to become high temperature and high pressure, flows from the return path 74y of the refrigerant passage 74 to the indoor unit 8, and is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 82 to generate heat of condensation. As a result, the room is heated.

  As described above, since the adsorption heat pump 2 is stopped during the heating operation, the circulation of the coolant to the adsorption condenser 52, the first adsorption unit 21, the second adsorption unit 22, and the cooling unit 23 is stopped. ing. That is, at this time, the adsorption condenser 50 is not heated, and in the winter season, there is a possibility that the adsorption condenser 50 located on the outermost side of the substrate 15 may be frosted or snowy as shown in FIG. However, since the air conditioner itself is operating at this time, the engine 14 that is a substantial driving source of the air conditioner is also operating. Therefore, the adsorption heat exchanger 52 can be heated by the coolant heated by the engine 14, and consequently the adsorption condenser 50 can be heated by the heated adsorption heat exchanger 52. Specifically, the control unit 100 periodically performs switching control of the first four-way valve 24 and the second four-way valve 25 even during the heating operation. When the first four-way valve 24 and the second four-way valve 25 connect the first passage 26 on the first adsorption portion 21 side and the coolant passage 9 for the engine, the adsorbent and working fluid inside the first adsorption portion 21 become engine coolant. Warmed by. After that, when the first four-way valve 24 and the second four-way valve 25 connect the first passage 26 on the first adsorption portion 21 side and the adsorption coolant passage 6, the adsorption coolant becomes the adsorbent in the first adsorption portion 21 and Warmed by working fluid. The warmed adsorption coolant flows into the adsorption heat exchanger 52, warms the adsorption heat exchanger 52, and warms the adsorption condenser 50 integrated with the adsorption heat exchanger 52. For this reason, the adsorption heat exchanger 52 can melt the frost and snow of the adsorption condenser 50. Similarly, when the first four-way valve 24 and the second four-way valve 25 connect the second passage 27 on the second adsorption portion 22 side and the coolant passage 9 for the engine, the adsorbent and working fluid inside the second adsorption portion 22 are discharged. Heated by engine coolant. Thereafter, when the first four-way valve 24 and the second four-way valve 25 connect the second passage 27 on the second adsorption portion 22 side and the adsorption coolant passage 6, the adsorption coolant is absorbed into the adsorbent in the second adsorption portion 22 and Warmed by working fluid. The warmed adsorption coolant flows into the adsorption heat exchanger 52, warms the adsorption heat exchanger 52, and warms the adsorption condenser 50 integrated with the adsorption heat exchanger 52. For this reason, the adsorption heat exchanger 52 can melt the frost and snow of the adsorption condenser 50. Therefore, the air conditioner of the embodiment is also excellent in the heating operation efficiency in winter.

  Note that the temperature of the adsorption coolant may be a temperature that can suppress an excessive increase in the temperature of the adsorbent that has generated heat in the adsorption mode, and may be higher than, for example, the outside air temperature in summer. The adsorption coolant can be used together with the engine coolant, or may be a fluid different from the engine coolant. When the adsorption coolant is a fluid other than the engine coolant, the adsorption coolant may exchange heat with the engine coolant. Alternatively, it may flow through a completely different route from the engine coolant, and may be heated directly or indirectly by the waste heat of the engine. If the adsorption coolant and the engine coolant are used together, there is an advantage that the number of parts of the air conditioner can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. In the embodiment, the adsorption coolant is indirectly heated by the control of the control unit 100. However, even if the engine coolant passage 9 is partially branched and joined to the adsorption coolant passage 6 and the adsorption coolant is heated by the engine 14, good. Further, the adsorption coolant may be warmed by other methods using the waste heat of the engine 14. In any case, by effectively using the waste heat of the engine 14, the adsorption condenser 50 can be warmed even in winter, and the heating operation efficiency can be improved.

(Other)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope not departing from the gist. For example, the arrangement of each component of the outdoor unit 1 is not limited to the arrangement shown in FIG. Moreover, you may provide two or more adsorption | suction parts more than three.

  The air conditioner of the present invention can be preferably used as an air conditioner for houses, stores, factories, warehouses, and other buildings.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 is an outdoor unit, 10 is a ventilation fan (blower element), 11 is a ventilation path, 2 is an adsorption heat pump, 21 is a 1st adsorption part, 22 is a 2nd adsorption part, 23 is a cooling part, 14 is an engine, 15 is Substrate, 50 is an adsorption condenser (adsorption heat pump condenser), 52 is an adsorption heat exchanger (adsorption heat pump heat exchanger), 40 is a working fluid passage, 6 is an adsorption coolant passage, and 60 is a pump (Pump for adsorption coolant), 7 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 73 is a refrigerant valve, 74 is a refrigerant passage, 76 is a bypass, 8 is an indoor unit, 80 is an indoor expansion valve, 82 is an indoor heat exchanger, 83 Is a compressor, 9 is an engine coolant passage, 90 is a pump (pump for engine coolant), 91 is an engine radiator, 92 is an engine three-way valve, and 100 is a control unit.

Claims (2)

An air conditioner for cooling and heating a room,
An adsorption unit capable of alternately executing an adsorption mode for adsorbing the working fluid to the adsorbent and a desorption mode for desorbing the working fluid adsorbed on the adsorbent from the adsorbent; the adsorption mode and the desorption A cooling unit that generates a cooling action by latent heat of vaporization of the working fluid when the separation mode is executed, and an adsorption heat pump that condenses the gaseous working fluid that is desorbed from the adsorbent when the desorption mode is executed An adsorption heat pump having a condenser and a heat exchanger for an adsorption heat pump that exchanges heat with the adsorbent that has generated heat in accordance with the execution of the adsorption mode;
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit during the cooling operation of the indoor unit and compresses the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor unit during the heating operation of the indoor unit;
An engine for driving the compressor;
An outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat and condensing the refrigerant compressed by the compressor;
A ventilation element that forms a ventilation path for supplying cooling air outside the apparatus to the condenser for adsorption heat pump, the heat exchanger for adsorption heat pump, and the outdoor heat exchanger, and
In the adsorption heat pump heat exchanger, a fluid flows through a waste heat path of an engine that drives the compressor,
The adsorption heat pump heat exchanger is adjacent to the outdoor heat exchanger on the upstream side of the air flow path from the outdoor heat exchanger,
The adsorption heat pump condenser is an air conditioner that is adjacent to at least a part of the adsorption heat pump heat exchanger on the upstream side of the blowing path from the adsorption heat pump heat exchanger.   The air conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the heat exchanger for adsorption heat pump and the condenser for adsorption heat pump are in contact with each other.

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