JP2013162563A - Power demand/supply control device and power demand/supply control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power demand/supply control device and a power demand/supply control method that can control frequency fluctuation of a power system relatively easily.SOLUTION: If a power demand/supply control device 1 determines that the current time corresponds to a fluctuation time zone when at least one fluctuation of the output fluctuation of a natural energy generator and the load fluctuation of a group of consumers 6 is expected to occur, it controls power generators 3A-3C to increase frequency adjustment capacity to adjust the frequency fluctuation of a power transmission and distribution system 5. At this time, a power generator for increase and a power generator for dealing with are selected from the power generators 3A-3C, an output change amount necessary for the power generator for increase and an output change amount which the power generator for dealing with can deal with are calculated. An output shift amount is calculated on the basis of the calculated change amounts. A control signal is generated such that output of the output shift amount is switched between the power generator for increase and the power generator for dealing with on the basis of the calculated output shift amount and output zone information on the power generator for increase and the power generator for dealing with.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply / demand control apparatus and a power supply / demand control method that suppress frequency fluctuations of a power system.

  In a power system to which a generator using natural energy (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “natural energy generator”) is connected, as a result of uncertain output fluctuation of the natural energy generator and load fluctuation of the customer group, Frequency fluctuations of the power system are caused. In order to suppress the frequency fluctuation, a power supply / demand control apparatus is used. In a conventional power supply and demand control device, a generator of a load-side electric device or a power supply-side electric utility is controlled (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  In order to increase the amount of connection of a natural energy generator to a power system, a frequency control system for a power system disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured to use an electric machine via a wide-area communication means when power supply is excessive or insufficient. Control device power consumption. This realizes expansion of the adjustment capacity for frequency control of the power system.

  The load frequency control system disclosed in Patent Document 2 outputs an output command value to the generator of the electric utility as follows in order to improve the response to the frequency fluctuation. First, regional requirements are divided into periodic components according to the response characteristics of each generator type, short-period components are distributed to generators with fast output changes, and medium- and long-period components are distributed to generators with slow output change speeds. To do. At this time, if the regional demand is positive, the power increase side adjustment capacity is allocated from the largest, and if the regional demand is negative, the power reduction side adjustment capacity is allocated from the large capacity. Output command value is output. As a result, the remaining control with respect to the local requirement amount that needs to be controlled is reduced, and the controllability of the entire system is improved.

JP 2009-213240 A (page 9, line 34 to page 10, line 18) JP 2001-238355 A (page 8, left column, lines 10 to 38, FIG. 4)

  As disclosed in Patent Document 1, in the power supply and demand control device that controls the power consumption of the load-side electrical equipment, since the controlled quantity of each power equipment is small, sudden output fluctuations of the natural energy generator, and consumers In order to cope with large load fluctuations of the group, it is necessary to secure an insufficient adjustment capacity. In order to secure the adjustment capacity, it is necessary to control a large number of electric devices in synchronization. In order to perform such control, it is necessary to disseminate a large amount of electrical equipment that can receive a supply and demand information signal from a host power supply system. Takes time.

  In addition, it is not realistic to control the load-side electric device as a frequency fluctuation adjustment capacity without taking into account the intention of the consumer. If the control target is selected in consideration of the intention of the customer and the importance of the load, the adjustment capacity may not be ensured on the load side in normal times except in an emergency. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to adjust the adjustment amount when the frequency fluctuation occurs.

  Further, as disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, in the power supply and demand control device that controls the generator of the electric utility on the power supply side, an adjustment capacity for frequency fluctuation is secured, and a control command is included within this adjustment capacity. Is given. This adjustment capacity has the following value when the area requirement (Area Requirement; abbreviated as AR) calculated as the supply and demand imbalance in the controlled area from the frequency deviation is positive and the generator output is increased. It is prescribed by. That is, it is defined by the smaller value among the difference value between the output upper limit value of the generator and the current output value, and the integrated value of the generator change speed (kW / min) and the adjustment capacity securing time (min). . This value is determined together when a base command value is specified in economic load distribution control for a generator that can cope with frequency fluctuations.

  Economic load distribution control has a relatively long control cycle of several minutes, and supply and demand control for frequency fluctuations has a relatively short control cycle of seconds. Therefore, the supply and demand control with respect to the frequency fluctuation is executed during the control interval of the economic load distribution control. At each point of supply and demand control with respect to frequency fluctuations, the generator output may change due to the influence of output fluctuations of the natural energy generator and load fluctuations of the customer group, and the adjustment capacity may decrease. In that case, when a sudden and large fluctuation occurs in the natural energy generator, there is a problem that the adjustment capacity is insufficient and the control becomes difficult.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply / demand control apparatus and a power supply / demand control method that can relatively easily suppress frequency fluctuations of a power system.

  The power supply and demand control device of the present invention is a power supply and demand control device provided in a power supply and demand system comprising a plurality of generators and a power system to which the plurality of generators are connected, and is connected to the power system, A fluctuation time zone that is a time zone in which at least one of a fluctuation in output of a natural energy generator that generates power using natural energy and a load fluctuation in a customer group connected to the power system is estimated to occur Based on the variable time zone information stored in the storage means, the storage means for storing in advance the variable time zone information to be expressed and the output band information relating to the output band of each of the generators. If it is determined by the fluctuation time zone determination means that the fluctuation time zone falls within the fluctuation time zone, the frequency fluctuation of the power system is adjusted. Control means for controlling the plurality of generators so as to increase a frequency adjustment capacity for the control, and the control means outputs an output for increasing the frequency adjustment capacity from among the plurality of generators. The change amount of the output required for the selected increase generator is selected by selecting a changeable increase generator and a corresponding generator whose output can be changed in response to a change in the output of the increase generator. And an output change amount that can be handled by the corresponding generator, and based on the calculated change amount, an output amount target to be exchanged between the increase generator and the corresponding generator, An output change amount calculating means for calculating the output change amount, the output change amount calculated by the output change amount calculating means, the increase generator stored in the storage means, and the countermeasure The output band information of the generator and Based on this, an output change control signal is generated to control the increase generator and the corresponding generator so that the output change amount output is switched between the increase generator and the corresponding generator. And a control signal generating means.

  An electric power supply and demand control method of the present invention is an electric power supply and demand control method in an electric power supply and demand system comprising a plurality of generators and an electric power system to which the plural generators are connected, and is connected to the electric power system and is connected to natural energy. Fluctuation representing a fluctuation time zone, which is a time zone in which at least one of fluctuations in output of a natural energy generator that generates electricity using power and load fluctuations of a customer group connected to the power system is estimated to occur Based on the time zone information and the output time zone information related to the output time zone of each generator, and the time zone information stored in the memory step, the current time corresponds to the time zone If it is determined in the fluctuation time zone determination step that determines whether or not to perform, and the fluctuation time zone determination step corresponds to the fluctuation time zone, the frequency fluctuation of the power system is adjusted. A control step for controlling the plurality of generators so as to increase a frequency adjustment capacity for performing the control, wherein the control step outputs an output for increasing the frequency adjustment capacity from among the plurality of generators. The change of the output required for the selected increase generator is selected by selecting the increase generator that can change the output and the corresponding generator that can change the output corresponding to the change of the output of the increase generator An amount of output and an output change amount that can be handled by the corresponding generator, and based on the calculated change amount, an output amount target to be exchanged between the increase generator and the corresponding generator The output change amount calculating step for calculating the output change amount to be, the output change amount calculated in the output change amount calculating step, the increase generator stored in the storing step, and the correspondence Power generation Based on the output band information, the increase generator and the response generator are controlled so that the output change amount output is switched between the increase generator and the response generator. And a control signal generation step of generating an output transfer control signal.

  According to the power supply and demand control apparatus of the present invention, when the current time falls within the variable time zone and is determined by the variable time zone determining means, the plurality of generators are controlled by the control means so as to increase the frequency adjustment capacity. . At this time, the output change amount calculation means of the control means selects the increase generator and the corresponding generator from the plurality of generators, and the output change amount necessary for the increase generator and the corresponding The output change amount that can be handled by the generator is calculated, and the output change amount between the increase generator and the corresponding generator is calculated based on the calculated change amount. Based on the calculated output change amount and the output band information of the increase generator and the corresponding generator, the output change amount output is switched between the increase generator and the corresponding generator. An output transfer control signal is generated.

  As a result, the output of the generator for increase and the generator for response can be changed according to their current operating conditions, so the frequency adjustment capacity can be easily increased to accommodate frequency fluctuations. Can be made. For example, when the frequency adjustment capacity has decreased from the expected value, the frequency fluctuation capacity can be increased so that the frequency adjustment capacity becomes the expected value. In addition, for example, it is estimated that relatively large frequency fluctuations are generated in the power system due to output fluctuations of a natural energy generator connected to the power system or load fluctuations of a customer group connected to the power system. In some cases, the frequency adjustment capacity can be increased so that it can be accommodated. Therefore, frequency fluctuations in the power system can be suppressed relatively easily.

  According to the power supply and demand control method of the present invention, the output of the increase generator and the corresponding generator can be changed according to their current operating conditions, so that the frequency adjustment capacity can be changed to a frequency fluctuation. It can be easily increased to accommodate. Therefore, frequency fluctuations in the power system can be suppressed relatively easily.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power supply-and-demand system 10 provided with the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus 1 which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the computer 20 which implement | achieves the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus 1 which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence regarding the electric power supply-and-demand control process in the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus 1 which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence regarding the electric power supply-and-demand control process in the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus 1 which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows an example of the relationship between the output of a generator, and a frequency adjustment capacity | capacitance. It is a graph which shows the other example of the relationship between the output of a generator, and a frequency adjustment capacity | capacitance. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence regarding the electric power supply-and-demand control process in the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence regarding the electric power supply-and-demand control process in the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence regarding the electric power supply-and-demand control process in the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus which is the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence regarding the electric power supply-and-demand control process in the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus which is the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a power supply / demand system 10 including a power supply / demand control apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The power supply and demand system 10 includes a power supply and demand control device 1, a plurality of generator groups 2A to 2C, a generator output sensor 4, a power transmission and distribution system 5, a customer group 6, a deviation sensor 7, and other power transmission and distribution systems (hereinafter referred to as "others" 8) and a central power supply command device 9.

  In the present embodiment, the power supply and demand system 10 includes three generator groups, that is, a first generator group 2A, a second generator group 2B, and a third generator group 2C. In the following description, the first to third generator groups 2A to 2C may be referred to as “generator groups 2A to 2C” when not distinguished from each other. The first to third generator groups 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> C are connected to a transmission / distribution system 5 that is a control target of the power supply / demand control apparatus 1.

  The first generator group 2A includes a plurality of generators 3A. In FIG. 1, for easy understanding, only one generator 3A is illustrated among the plurality of generators 3A constituting the first generator group 2A, and description of the remaining generators 3A is omitted. ing. Each generator 3 </ b> A constituting the first generator group 2 </ b> A is a generator to be adjusted with respect to frequency fluctuations, and is a generator that increases output by controlling using the power supply and demand controller 1.

  The second generator group 2B includes a plurality of generators 3B. In FIG. 1, for easy understanding, only one generator 3B is illustrated among the plurality of generators 3B constituting the second generator group 2B, and description of the remaining generators 3B is omitted. ing. Each generator 3B that constitutes the second generator group 2B is a generator to be adjusted with respect to frequency fluctuation, and is a generator that reduces output by being controlled using the power supply and demand controller 1.

  The third generator group 2C includes a plurality of generators 3C. In FIG. 1, for ease of understanding, only one generator 3 </ b> C is illustrated among the plurality of generators 3 </ b> C constituting the third generator group 2 </ b> C, and description of the remaining generators 3 </ b> C is omitted. ing. Each generator 3C constituting the third generator group 2C is not a target for adjustment with respect to frequency fluctuation, that is, a generator that is not subject to adjustment.

  Each generator 3A-3C which comprises each generator group 2A-2C is a generator of the electric power company which is an electric power supply side, and is controlled by the electric power supply-and-demand control apparatus 1. FIG. In this embodiment, each of the generators 3A to 3C constituting each of the generator groups 2A to 2C to be controlled by the power supply and demand control device 1 is a thermal power generator.

  The power supply / demand control apparatus 1 is connected to each generator 3A-3C which comprises each generator group 2A-2C via the communication line 14 for control. The power supply / demand control apparatus 1 gives control commands to the generators 3A to 3C of the generator groups 2A to 2C via the control communication line 14. The power supply / demand control apparatus 1 controls the outputs of the generators 3A to 3C by giving control commands to the generators 3A to 3C. This increases the adjustment capacity for frequency variation.

  A plurality of generator output sensors 4 are provided corresponding to the generators 3A to 3C constituting the generator groups 2A to 2C. Specifically, the generator output sensors 4 are provided in the same number as the generators 3A to 3C in a one-to-one correspondence with the generators 3A to 3C. Each generator output sensor 4 is connected to each of the corresponding generators 3 </ b> A to 3 </ b> C and is connected to the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 via the output measurement communication line 11. Each generator output sensor 4 measures the output value of each corresponding generator 3A-3C. The generator output sensor 4 supplies information representing the measured output value (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “output value information”) to the power supply and demand control apparatus 1 via the output measurement communication line 11.

  The power transmission / distribution system 5 is connected to the other system 8 by the interconnection line 15. The power transmission / distribution system 5 corresponds to a power system. The customer group 6 is connected to the power transmission and distribution system 5 as a load that consumes the generated power generated by the generator groups 2A to 2C. The consumer group 6 includes a natural energy generator that generates power using natural energy, such as a solar power generator or a wind power generator. In this embodiment, the natural energy generator included in the consumer group 6 is not a control target of the power supply / demand control apparatus 1. As a result of the uncertain output fluctuation of the natural energy generator and the load fluctuation of the consumer group 6, the frequency fluctuation of the power transmission / distribution system 5 which is a power system is caused.

  The deviation sensor 7 is connected to the power transmission / distribution system 5 and is also connected to the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 via the deviation measurement communication line 12. The deviation sensor 7 measures, for example, the interconnection power flow deviation and the frequency deviation. The interconnection line power flow deviation is a change amount of the power flow flowing through the connection line 15 from a predetermined connection line power flow value. The frequency deviation is an amount of change in the frequency of the transmission / distribution system 5 from a predetermined rated frequency. The deviation sensor 7 gives information (hereinafter also referred to as “deviation information”) representing the measured interconnection power flow deviation and frequency deviation to the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 via the deviation measurement communication line 12.

  The central power supply command device 9 is connected to the power supply and demand control device 1 via the command communication line 13. The central power supply command device 9 is installed at the central power supply command station. The central power supply command device 9 determines a base command value that is an output value by an economic load distribution control function or a load frequency control function, and sends a frequency fluctuation adjustment control amount for the determined base command value via the command communication line 13. Then, the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 is provided.

  Specifically, the central power supply command device 9 applies a relatively long-cycle load fluctuation component, for example, a load fluctuation with a period of more than ten minutes, to each of the generators 3A to 3C belonging to each of the generator groups 2A to 2C. The component is a predictable component, and based on the predicted load value, a base command value that is an output value is determined by an economic load distribution control function that takes into account an economical output distribution between the generators. Since the central power supply commanding device 9 is difficult to predict a load fluctuation component having a relatively short period, for example, a load fluctuation component having a period of several minutes to several tens of minutes, it feeds back after the fluctuation has occurred. The frequency fluctuation adjustment control amount for the base command value is determined by the load frequency control function controlled by

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the computer 20 that realizes the power supply and demand control apparatus 1. The computer 20 includes a storage unit 21, a database unit 22, an arithmetic processing unit 23, a reception unit 24, and a transmission unit 25. The storage unit 21, the database unit 22, the arithmetic processing unit 23, the receiving unit 24, and the transmitting unit 25 are connected to a data bus 26, respectively. The storage unit 21, the database unit 22, the arithmetic processing unit 23, the receiving unit 24, and the transmitting unit 25 perform data transmission / reception via the data bus 26.

  The storage unit 21 is realized by a hard disk drive (abbreviation: HDD) or a memory. The arithmetic processing unit 23 is realized by a central processing unit (abbreviation: CPU).

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The power supply / demand control apparatus 1 includes an apparatus main body 30 and a data storage unit 31. The apparatus body 30 includes a data input unit 32, a data setting unit 33, an output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34, an output change amount calculation unit 35, a control command value creation unit 36, and a control command value output unit 37. The

  The data input unit 32, the data setting unit 33, the output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34, the output change amount calculation unit 35, the control command value creation unit 36, and the control command value output unit 37 constituting the apparatus main body 30 are a data storage unit The data stored in 31 is read or stored in the data storage unit 31.

  The data input unit 32 includes output value information given from the generator output sensor 4, deviation information given from the deviation sensor 7, a base command value given from the central power supply command device 9, a frequency variation adjustment control amount, and the performance of the generator. The power storage related information including data related to the data is stored in the data storage unit 31.

  The data setting unit 33 extracts and sets data necessary for calculating the output shift control amount of each of the generators 3A to 3C from the data storage unit 31.

  The output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34 determines whether the current time corresponds to a later-described fluctuation time zone based on the fluctuation time zone information stored in advance in the memory realized by the storage unit 21. The fluctuation time zone information represents a fluctuation time zone. The output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34 corresponds to a fluctuation time zone determination means.

  The output change amount calculation unit 35 calculates the output change control amount based on data necessary for calculating the output change control amount of each of the generators 3A to 3C. The output change amount calculation unit 35 stores the calculation result in the data storage unit 31. The output change amount calculation unit 35 corresponds to output change amount calculation means.

  The control command value creation unit 36 creates a control command value from the calculation result by the output change amount calculation unit 35 and setting data such as the base command value and the correction amount. The control command value creation unit 36 stores the created control command value in the data storage unit 31. The control command value corresponds to an output change control signal.

  The control command value output unit 37 reads the control command value from the data storage unit 31. The control command value output unit 37 sends the read control command value to each of the generators 3A to 3C via the control communication line 14.

  The data storage unit 31 stores various setting data set by the data setting unit 33, the calculation result by the output change amount calculation unit 35, and the control command value created by the control command value creation unit 36, respectively. .

  Each part of the power supply and demand control apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 3 is realized by each part of the computer 20 shown in FIG. The data input unit 32 is realized by the receiving unit 24. The control command value output unit 36 is realized by the transmission unit 25. The output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34, the output change amount calculation unit 35, and the control command value creation unit 36 are stored in the storage unit 21 of the computer 20 and stored, or read and stored via a transmission medium, thereby performing arithmetic processing. This is realized as internal processing of the computer 20 in the unit 23. The data storage unit 31 is realized on the database unit 22. The data storage unit 31 corresponds to a storage unit.

  FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are flowcharts showing a processing procedure related to the power supply / demand control process in the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. When power is supplied to the power supply / demand control apparatus 1, the processing procedure of the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is started, and the process proceeds to step a1.

  In step a1, the data setting unit 33 performs setting data reading processing. Specifically, the data setting unit 33 reads the generator device data and the initial setting data from the data storage unit 31 as setting data. The generator device data and the initial setting data are acquired by the data input unit 32 as data necessary for the data setting unit 33 and stored in the data storage unit 31.

  The generator equipment data is output band information relating to one or more output bands in each of the generators 3A to 3C, for example, an output upper limit value, an output lower limit value, an output change rate, and the like, and the power supply / demand control process by the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 It is necessary data for Table 1 shows an example of the data format of the generator equipment data.

  In Table 1, there are two output bands in the first generator 3A having the generator No. “1” (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “A generator”) 3A, and the second generator No. being “2”. There are three output bands in the generator (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “B generator”) 3B and the third generator (hereinafter also referred to as “C generator”) 3C in which the generator No. is “3”. Shows when to do.

  In Table 1, in the columns of the output upper limit value, the output lower limit value, and the output change rate for the output band that does not exist, the symbol “-” is described. The output bands are associated with output band numbers (output band No) 1, 2, 3,... In ascending order from the smallest output, and are referred to as a first output band, a second output band, a third output band,. I will do it. The value of the output change rate corresponds to the output change rate information. Acquiring the generator device data including the output change rate by the data input unit 32 and storing it in the data storage unit 31 corresponds to a storage step.

  The initial setting data includes the system constant of the own system, a threshold for determining the magnitude of output fluctuation of the natural energy generator (hereinafter referred to as “variation determination threshold”), and the time required for securing the frequency adjustment capacity (hereinafter referred to as “the frequency adjustment capacity”). "Frequency adjustment capacity securing time") and fluctuation time zone. The “variation time zone” is a time zone in which at least one of the output fluctuation of the natural energy generator included in the customer group 6 and the load fluctuation of the customer group 6 is estimated to occur. Tables 2 and 3 show examples of the data format of the initial setting data.

  Table 2 shows system constants, fluctuation determination threshold values, and frequency adjustment capacity securing time. Table 3 shows the start time and end time of the variable time zone in units of one hour. For example, when the fluctuation time zone is a fluctuation time zone of output fluctuation of the natural energy generator, it is estimated as follows.

  Using the method of analyzing the demand record data for the past several years or more or the output record data of the natural energy generator into periodic components such as wavelet transform, the range of minutes to a few dozen Extract the component size. Both the demand record data and the output record data are data measured at least at a cycle of 1 minute or shorter.

  When the fluctuation time zone is estimated based on actual demand data, if the output of a natural energy generator that uses natural energy such as sunlight or wind power is included as load-side measurement data, the weather, etc. When the correlation with the weather conditions is further analyzed, it is possible to estimate a time zone with a large fluctuation under the influence of the output of the natural energy generator.

  Since the output of the natural energy generator mainly depends on the weather conditions, the initial setting data is given by reviewing according to the latest weather conditions. The initial setting data is acquired by the data input unit 32 as data required by the output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34 and is stored in the data storage unit 31.

  In the reading process of the generator device data and the initial setting data in step a1, the power supply / demand control process is executed from the generator device data and the initial setting data stored in the data storage unit 31 realized by the database unit 22. Necessary data is retrieved. And the variable stored in the memory implement | achieved by the memory | storage part 21 is initialized, and the value of the taken-out data is set. At this time, since the variable for storing the correction amount of the frequency fluctuation adjustment capacity for each generator, which is finally obtained by the series of control processes of the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, has not yet been calculated, the storage unit 21. The variable stored in the memory realized by is initialized as “0”. When the reading process of the generator device data and the initial setting data is completed, the process proceeds to step a2.

  In step a2, the output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34 refers to the set of fluctuation time zones stored in the memory realized by the storage unit 21 and determines whether or not the current time corresponds to the fluctuation time zone. . A set of variable time zones stored in the memory corresponds to variable time zone information, and step a2 corresponds to a variable time zone determination step. If it is determined in step a2 that it corresponds to the variable time zone, the process proceeds to step a3. If it is determined that it does not correspond to the variable time zone, all processing procedures are terminated.

  In the present embodiment, in step a2, the output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34 determines whether or not the current time corresponds to the fluctuation time zone. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The determination may be performed based on a manual setting by an operator of the control system 10. In this case, the operator manually sets whether or not the current time corresponds to the fluctuation time zone by operating an operation unit (not shown).

  In step a <b> 3, the data setting unit 33 extracts the generator state data and the system state data stored in the data storage unit 31 realized by the database unit 22. Next, the data setting unit 33 initializes variables stored in the memory realized by the storage unit 21 and sets the value of the extracted data. The system state data and the generator state data are acquired by the data input unit 32 as data necessary for the data setting unit 33 and stored in the data storage unit 31.

  The system state data consists of measurement data relating to the interconnection current flow deviation and the frequency deviation measured by the deviation sensor 7. Table 4 shows an example of the data format of the system state data.

  The generator state data includes measurement data related to the generators 3A to 3C measured by the generator output sensor 4, and a current set value set by the operator of the power supply and demand control system 10 during operation. Table 5 shows an example of the data format of the generator state data.

  In Table 5, in the column “Adjustment Target Generator for Frequency Variation”, among the plurality of generators 3A to 3C, the adjustment target generator that is the target generator for power supply and demand control that participates in the adjustment of frequency variation. “1” is described, and “0” is described for a generator that is not an adjustment target generator, that is, a generator that is not subject to power supply and demand control. Further, the number of the output band in which the generator is present (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “output band No”) is shown in the “current output band” column of the last column of Table 5. The characteristics of the output band corresponding to each output band No. may be referred to the corresponding output band No. column in the generator device data of the corresponding generator. When the reading process of the system state data and the generator state data is completed, the process proceeds to step a4.

  In step a4, the output change amount calculation unit 35 determines whether or not at least one of the output fluctuation of the natural energy generator included in the consumer group 6 and the load fluctuation of the consumer group 6 has occurred. Specifically, the output change amount calculation unit 35 determines whether at least one of the output fluctuation of the natural energy generator and the load fluctuation of the consumer group 6 has occurred within the operation time of the power supply and demand control operation. Judging. This is because the output of the thermal power generator that is the generators 3A to 3C corresponds to the fluctuation when the power supply / demand control operation is continued when any of the output fluctuation and the load fluctuation occurs during the power supply / demand control operation. This is to cause a control operation opposite to the load frequency control to follow.

In the present embodiment, the load frequency control is performed by a frequency bias interconnection power control (Tie line Bias Control; abbreviation: TBC) method. In the TBC method, the supply / demand imbalance amount of the own system, which is the control target area, is calculated as an area requirement (Area Requirement; abbreviated as AR) from the interconnection power flow deviation and the frequency deviation measured by the deviation sensor 7. The output of the generator is controlled according to AR. AR (MW) is obtained by the following equation (1). In the equation (1), K represents a system constant (MW / Hz), ΔF represents a frequency deviation (Hz), and ΔP _T represents a grid line flow deviation (MW).

  The determination as to whether or not a change has occurred is made by obtaining AR and comparing the AR with a change determination threshold value. If AR is greater than or equal to the variation determination threshold, it is determined that variation has occurred, and all processing procedures are terminated. If AR is less than the variation determination threshold, it is determined that variation has not occurred, Control goes to step a5.

  In step a5, the output change amount calculation unit 35 has not been selected among the adjustment target generators (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “target generators”) to be processed for power supply and demand control. Judge whether or not. Here, the target generator to be processed is a target generator to be subjected to load frequency control whose output can be adjusted with respect to frequency fluctuation.

  Whether or not the generator is a target generator for load frequency control can be determined by a variable in the item “Adjustment target generator for frequency fluctuation” in the generator state data. When this variable is “1”, it is determined that it is a target generator for load frequency control, and when this variable is “0”, it is determined that it is a non-target generator for load frequency control.

  If it is determined in step a5 that there is an unselected target generator, the process proceeds to the target generator selection process in step a6. If it is determined that there is no unselected target generator, step a10 shown in FIG. It shifts to the change-over generator selection process. In step a6, the output shift amount calculation unit 35 selects one generator from among the unselected target generators. When the generator is selected, the process proceeds to step a7.

  In step a7, the output change amount calculation unit 35 determines whether or not the frequency adjustment capacity can be increased based on the current state of the selected generator (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “selected generator”). To do. By the process of step a7, all the selected generators are classified into two types: a generator that can increase the frequency adjustment capacity and a generator that cannot increase the frequency adjustment capacity.

  Specifically, the process of determining whether or not the frequency adjustment capacity can be increased is executed as follows. First, the output shift amount calculation unit 35 refers to the data read from the generator state data and the generator device data, and uses any one of the following (S1) and (S2) based on the output of the generator. Determine if it applies to the condition. Here, the frequency adjustment capacity of the generator on the output increasing side (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “output increasing side”) will be described as an example, but the output decreasing side (hereinafter also referred to as “output decreasing side”) may be described. The same applies to the frequency adjustment capacity of the generator.

  (S1) A state in which the frequency adjustment capacity can be increased (see FIG. 6).

  (S2) A state in which the frequency adjustment capacity cannot be increased (see FIG. 7).

  FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the output of the generator and the frequency adjustment capacity. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis indicates the frequency adjustment capacity, and the horizontal axis indicates the output of the generator. For the output of the generator at each operating point X1, X2, the frequency adjustment capacity is defined as shown by a solid line graph. The maximum value of the frequency adjustment capacity is determined by the product of the output change speed in the current output band and the adjustment capacity ensuring time.

The state of (S1) corresponds to the case where the output of the generator is at the first operating point X1 in FIG. At this time, the frequency adjustment capacity is limited by the maximum output value _{Pb, max} . When the output of the generator is decreased from the first operating point X1 to the second operating point X2, the frequency adjustment capacity of the generator can be increased to the maximum. This increase amount Q is defined as “individual frequency adjustment capacity increase possible amount”. Adjustment of the output of the minimum of the generator required to achieve this, in the case of the example shown in FIG. 6 the decrease P _Nk of an output is defined as "individual lifting Sort required amount". The individual frequency adjustment capacity increaseable amount Q and the individual replacement necessary amount _PNk are the same amount, that is, the same size.

The individually necessary amount P _Nk (MW) for the selected generator k is represented by the following equation (2). In Equation (2), P _k indicates the current output of the selected generator k, R _bk indicates the output change rate in the output band b, T indicates the frequency adjustment capacity securing time, and P _{bk, max} is the corresponding The output upper limit value in the output band b is shown. When the individual transfer required amount P _Nk represented by the expression (2) is positive or 0, the output transfer amount calculation unit 35 determines that the frequency adjustment capacity of (S1) can be increased. .

  FIG. 7 is a graph showing another example of the relationship between the output of the generator and the frequency adjustment capacity. In FIG. 7, the vertical axis represents the frequency adjustment capacity, and the horizontal axis represents the output of the generator. With respect to the output of the generator at each operating point Y1, Y2, the frequency adjustment capacity is defined as shown by a solid line graph.

The state (S2) corresponds to the case where the output of the generator is at the first operating point Y1 in FIG. At this time, since the frequency adjustment capacity is limited by the output change speed, the frequency adjustment capacity cannot be increased any more. In order to obtain the maximum output adjustment amount that can correspond to the individual transfer necessary amount within a range in which the frequency adjustment capacity is not decreased, the first operating point Y1 is changed to the second operating point Y2. The output adjustment amount at this time, in the case of the example shown in FIG. 7, defines the output increase amount P _Sk as an “individual changeable amount”.

The individual changeable amount P _Sk (MW) of the selected generator k is expressed by the following equation (3). In the formula (3), P _{bk, max} , R _bk , T and P _k are synonymous with the formula (2). When the individual changeable amount P _Sk expressed by the expression (3) is positive, the output change amount calculation unit 35 determines that the frequency adjustment capacity in (S2) cannot be increased. . The individually required replacement amount P _Nk and the individual transferable amount P _Sk for the same generator are not simultaneously positive.

  As described above, the process of determining whether or not the frequency adjustment capacity in step a7 shown in FIG. 5 can be increased is executed. When it is determined in step a7 that the selected generator is in a state where the frequency adjustment capacity can be increased, the process proceeds to step a8, where it is determined that the selected generator is in a state where the frequency adjustment capacity cannot be increased. If yes, the process proceeds to step a9.

In step a8, the output change amount calculation unit 35 calculates the individual change necessary amount _PNk for the selected generator k according to the equation (2). The output transfer amount calculation unit 35 stores the calculated individual transfer necessary amount P _NK in the storage unit 21. At this time, the output change amount calculation unit 35 stores the individual transfer correspondence possible amount P _Sk for the selected generator k as “0” in the storage unit 21 for convenience. When the necessary amount for individual transfer is calculated, the process returns to step a5 and the above-described processing is repeated.

In step a9, the output change amount calculation unit 35 calculates the individual changeable amount P _Sk for the selected generator k according to the equation (3). Output lifting replacement amount calculation unit 35, the calculated individually Jigae compatible amount P _SK, stored in the storage unit 21. At this time, the output replacement amount calculation unit 35 stores the individual replacement necessary amount _PNk for the selected generator k as “0” for convenience in the storage unit 21. When the individual changeable amount is calculated, the process returns to step a5 and the above-described processing is repeated.

When the process proceeds from step a5 to step a10 in FIG. 5, in step a10, the output change amount calculation unit 35 performs a change generator selection process. Specifically, the output change amount calculation unit 35 first refers to the values of the individual change necessary amount P _Nk and the individual changeable correspondence amount P _Sk for each generator stored in the storage unit 21. , the output adjustable all target generator relative frequency variation, the individual lifting Sort required generator group G _N, classified into individual Jigae compatible generator group G _S.

Define the individual lifting replacement required generator group G _N by the following equation (4), defined by the following equation individually Jigae compatible generator group G _S (5). In the following description, refers to the individual equity sort need a generator group G _N and the "necessary power generator group G _N", it is sometimes referred to as "compatible generator group G _S" individual Jigae compatible generator group G _S . Generator belonging to need generator group G _N corresponds to an increase generator. Generator belonging to the corresponding rotatable generator group G _S corresponds to the corresponding generator.

Output lifting replacement amount calculation unit 35, among the required generator group G _N and adaptable generator group G generator belonging to each group of _S, selects each one of the generator at the appropriate standards. For example, the output lifting re amount calculation unit 35, among the generators belonging to the required generator group G _N, select individual lifting replacement required amount P _Nk is the largest generator, belonging to the corresponding rotatable generator group G _S generator Among the machines, the generator having the largest individual changeable capacity P _Sk is selected.

In the following description, it refers to a power generator that has been selected from the necessary power generator group G _N and "k1 generator", the selected from the corresponding possible electric generator group G _S generator of "k2 generator". The output change amount calculation unit 35 stores the individual change necessary amount P _Nk1 (MW) of the k1 generator and the individual changeable amount P _Sk2 (MW) of the k2 generator in the storage unit 21. When the transfer generator selection process is performed as described above, the process proceeds to step a11.

In step a11, the output change amount calculation unit 35 performs an output change amount determination process. Specifically, the output transfer amount calculation unit 35 first refers to the individual transfer necessary amount P _Nk1 and the individual transfer supportable amount P _Sk2 stored in the storage unit 21, and compares the magnitudes thereof. I do. The output change amount calculation unit 35 determines the smaller value as the generator output change amount P _C (MW) between the individual change required amount P _Nk1 and the individual change _supportable amount P _Sk2 and stores it. Stored as a variable in the memory of the unit 21. That is, the generator output lifting replacement amount P _C is expressed by the following equation (6). When the output shift amount determination process is performed in this way, the process proceeds to step a12.

  In step a12, the data setting unit 33 performs a control data reading process. Specifically, the data setting unit 33 first determines the base command for each of the generators 3A to 3C from the base command value data and the frequency fluctuation adjustment control data stored in the data storage unit 31 realized by the database unit 22. Extract value data and frequency fluctuation adjustment control data.

The data setting unit 33 sets the values of the base command value data and the frequency fluctuation adjustment control data for the generator k in the variables B _k and L _k on the memory of the storage unit 21 among the extracted data.

  Table 6 shows an example of the base command value data. The base command value data is data composed of base command values given to the power supply / demand control device 1 from the central power supply command device 9 installed at the central power supply command station. As shown in Table 6, the data storage unit 31 stores base command values determined by economic load distribution control for the generators 3A to 3C.

  Table 7 shows an example of frequency fluctuation adjustment control data. The frequency fluctuation adjustment control data is data including a frequency fluctuation adjustment control amount given to the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 from the central power supply command apparatus 9 installed at the central power supply instruction station. As shown in Table 7, the data storage unit 31 stores the frequency fluctuation adjustment amount determined by the load frequency control function for the generator to be adjusted with respect to the frequency fluctuation. On the other hand, “0” is stored as the frequency fluctuation adjustment amount.

  When the control data reading process is performed as described above, the process proceeds to step a13. In step a13, the control command value creation unit 36 performs a holding control signal creation process.

Set Specifically, the control command value preparing section 36, in which the generator output lifting replacement amount loaded into the variable in the memory P _C of the storage unit 21 in step a11, read the variable setting data reading processing in step a1 With reference to at least the output change speed in the data, the generator output change control signal is generated so that an unnecessary AR does not occur due to the occurrence of supply and demand imbalance due to the change in output of the generator. For example, the control command value creation unit 36 creates a generator output change control signal as follows.

First, the control command value creation unit 36 determines the smallest adjustment time required to change the individual required replacement amount P _{Nk1 of} the selected k1 generator and the individual changeable amount P _{Sk2 of the} k2 generator. The value is determined according to the following equation (7) as the adjustment coefficient α.

The control command value creation unit 36 uses the value of the obtained adjustment coefficient α to perform the changeover control amount P _Sk2 for the k1 generator and the k2 generator according to the following equations (8) and (9). ^ And P _Nk1 ^ are calculated respectively. Here, for the sake of convenience, the left side of Expression (8) is described as “P _SK2 ^”, and the left side of Expression (9) is described as “P _Nk1 ^”. Expression (8) represents the changeover control amount P _Sk2 ^ for the individual changeable correspondence amount P _Sk2 of the k2 generator, and Expression (9) represents the changeover control for the individual change required amount P _Nk1 of the k1 generator. It represents the quantity P _Nk1 ^.

The control command value creation unit 36 makes the changeover control amounts P _Si ^, P _Ni ^ satisfy the expressions (10) and (11) for the target generators other than the k1 generator and the k2 generator. To do. Here, for the sake of convenience, the left side of Expression (10) is described as “P _Si ^”, and the left side of Expression (11) is described as “P _Ni ^”. Equation (10) represents the changeover control amount P _Si ^ for the individual changeover possible amount P _Sk of the i generator, and Equation (11) shows the changeover control for the individual change required amount P _Nk of the i generator. It represents the quantity P _Nk1 ^.

The control command value creating unit 36 performs generator output change control according to the following equation (12) based on the change control amounts P _Sk2 ^ and P _Nk1 ^ obtained according to the equations (10) and (11). A signal (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an “output shift control signal”) C ₁ is obtained. The control command value creation unit 36 stores the obtained output change control signal C ₁ in the data storage unit 31 realized by the database unit 22. When the holding control signal creation process is performed as described above, the process proceeds to step a14.

In step a14, the control command value output unit 37 performs a control signal transmission process. Specifically, the control command value output unit 37 sends the output lifting replacement control signal C _l for each generator 3A~3C stored in the data storage unit 31. At this time, when the frequency adjustment capacity of the output-up side, the output lifting replacement control signal C _l to the generator to satisfy the following equation (13) is provided to each generator 3C of the third generator group 2C. Output lifting replacement control signal C _l to the generator to satisfy the following equation (14) is provided to each generator 3B of the second generator group 2B. Output lifting replacement control signal C _l to the generator to satisfy the following equation (15) is provided to each generator 3A of the first generator unit 2A.

Each generator 3A~3C of each generator group 2A~2C are in accordance with the output lifting replacement control signal _{C l} given, to implement the power control. When the control signal transmission process is performed as described above, the process returns to step a2 in FIG. 4 and the above-described process is repeated. Steps a5 to a14 correspond to control steps. Of these, step a5 to step a11 correspond to an output change amount calculation step. Steps a12 to a13 correspond to control signal creation steps.

  In the processing of the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 described above, data necessary for the data setting unit 33, the output change amount calculation unit 35, the control command value creation unit 36, and the control command value output unit 37 is data input. The data is acquired by the unit 32 and stored in the data storage unit 31.

  As described above, in this embodiment, when the output fluctuation time zone determination unit 34 determines that the current time corresponds to the fluctuation time zone, the output change amount calculation unit 35, the control is performed so as to increase the frequency adjustment capacity. The generators 3 </ b> A to 3 </ b> C are controlled by the command value creation unit 36 and the control command value output 37. The output change amount calculation unit 35 selects the increase generator and the corresponding generator from among the plurality of generators 3A to 3C, and the output change amount necessary for the increase generator and the corresponding generation An output change amount that can be handled by the machine is calculated, and an output change amount between the increase generator and the corresponding generator is calculated based on the calculated change amount. Based on the calculated output change amount and the output change speed information of the increase generator and the corresponding generator, the output change amount output is switched between the increase generator and the corresponding generator. A control signal is generated.

  As a result, the output of the generator for increase and the generator for response can be changed according to their current operating conditions, so the frequency adjustment capacity can be easily increased to accommodate frequency fluctuations. Can be made. For example, when the frequency adjustment capacity has decreased from the expected value, the frequency fluctuation capacity can be increased so that the frequency adjustment capacity becomes the expected value. Moreover, when it is estimated that the output fluctuation of the natural energy generator contained in the consumer group 6 connected to the power transmission / distribution system 7 or the relatively large frequency fluctuation due to the load fluctuation of the consumer group 6 occurs, The frequency adjustment capacity can be increased so that it can be accommodated. Therefore, the frequency fluctuation of the power transmission / distribution system 5 that is the power system can be suppressed relatively easily.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, in preparation for output fluctuations of the natural energy generator and load fluctuations of the customer group 6, outputs of any two generators among the plurality of generators 3A to 3C. Are changed in advance at the control timing of each generator in accordance with the current operating status of these generators. That is, control is performed so as to increase the output of one of the two generators and decrease the output of the other generator. Such control may be referred to as “output shift control” in the following description.

  By performing the output shift control, in the power supply / demand control executed by the power supply / demand control apparatus 1 in a cycle of several seconds in order to suppress the frequency fluctuation, the control can be performed so that the adjustment capacity of the frequency fluctuation is increased.

  Further, by performing control mainly for the purpose of increasing the frequency adjustment capacity on the output raising side, the frequency adjustment capacity on the output lowering side may be increased secondarily. Therefore, overall controllability to frequency fluctuations can be enhanced.

  Further, in the present embodiment, in the process of the output change control, the output change rate for the generators belonging to the generator group that is the target of output change is taken into account. Variations in (AR) are not caused. Further, the output shift control is a control in preparation for output fluctuation, but does not cause unnecessary fluctuation of AR even when output fluctuation does not actually occur.

<Second Embodiment>
The power supply / demand system including the power supply / demand control apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as that of the power supply / demand control system 10 according to the first embodiment. Accordingly, corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and illustration and common description are omitted.

  FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are flowcharts showing a processing procedure related to the power supply / demand control process in the power supply / demand control apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The flowcharts shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are similar to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and therefore, the same steps as those in FIGS. Omitted.

  In the first embodiment described above, any two generators that perform output change control are used, whereas in the power supply and demand control process of this embodiment, all power generation that can be adjusted for frequency fluctuations. The control is performed by specifying a plurality of generators that perform output transfer control for the machine. In this respect, the first embodiment is different from the present embodiment.

  Specifically, the power supply and demand control apparatus according to the present embodiment replaces the processing at step a10, step a11, and step a13 shown in FIG. 5 with the processing at step b1, step b2, and step b3 shown in FIG. Do each.

  Steps other than Step b1, Step b2, and Step b3, that is, each processing of Step a1 to Step a9, Step a12, and Step a14 are performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. In each process, the content of the data read is the same as that in the first embodiment. In the following description, each process of step b1, step b2, and step b3 will be mainly described.

In this embodiment, when it is determined in step a5 shown in FIG. 8 that there is no unselected target generator, the process proceeds to step b1 shown in FIG. In step b1, the output change amount calculation unit 35 refers to the values of the individual change necessary amount P _Nk and the individual change possible amount P _Sk for each generator stored in the storage unit 12, and changes the frequency. output adjustable all target generator, classified into the individual lifting Sort required generator group G _N and individual Jigae compatible generator group G _S against.

Individual lifting replacement required generator group G _N, is represented by the above equation (4), the individual Jigae compatible generator group G _S, represented by the above equation (5).

The output change amount calculation unit 35 calculates, for each group, the sum of the individual changeable correspondence amounts P _Sk as the changeable correspondence amount TP _S (MW) according to the following equation (16). According to (17), the sum of the individual required replacement amount P _Nk is calculated as the required replacement amount TP _N (MW) and stored in the storage unit 21. When lifting replacement required amount this way TP _N and Jigae compatible amount TP _S is calculated, the process proceeds to step b2.

In step b2, the output change amount calculation unit 35 performs an output change amount determination process. Specifically, the output lifting re amount calculation unit 35 first refers to the lifting replacement required amount TP _N and Jigae compatible amount TP _S stored in the storage unit 21, performs the magnitude comparison.

Output lifting replacement amount calculation unit 35, a smaller value of the Jigae required amount TP _N and Jigae compatible amount TP _S, determined as the output dimensional worlds amount P _{C (MW),} the memory of the storage unit 21 Memorize in the variable. That, _{P C} is represented by the following equation (18). When the output shift amount determination process is performed in this way, the process proceeds to step a12.

  In step a12, the data setting unit 33 performs a control data reading process in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Specifically, the data setting unit 33 calculates the base command value data and the frequency fluctuation for each generator from the base command value data and the frequency fluctuation adjustment control data stored in the data storage unit 31 realized by the database unit 22. Retrieve adjustment control data.

The data setting unit 33 sets the extracted base command value data and frequency fluctuation adjustment control data values for the generator k to variables B _k and L _k on the memory of the storage unit 21, respectively. When the control data reading process is thus performed, the process proceeds to step b3.

In step b3, the control command value creation unit 36 performs a holding control signal creation process. Specifically, the control command value preparing section 36, first, the output lifting Sort amount P _C of each generator read a variable in the memory of the storage unit 21 in step a11, the setting data reading processing in step a1 With reference to at least the output change speed among the setting data read into the variable, the output change control signal is set so that an unnecessary AR is not generated due to the occurrence of supply / demand imbalance due to the change in output of the generator. create.

In the present embodiment, the control command value creation unit 36 creates an output change control signal as follows, for example. Control command value preparing section 36, first, as β adjustment factor a minimum value of the adjustment time required to change the individual lifting Sort required amount P _N and individually Jigae compatible amount P _S of each generator In accordance with the following equation (19).

The control command value creation unit 36 uses the value of the obtained adjustment coefficient β for each of the generators of all the target generators that can adjust the output with respect to the frequency fluctuation, 21), the changeover control amounts P _Si ^ and P _Ni ^ are calculated respectively.

The control command value creating unit 36 outputs the output change control signal C according to the above equation (12) based on the change control amounts P _Si ^ and P _Ni ^ obtained according to the equations (20) and (21). _{Find l} . The control command value creation unit 36 stores the obtained output change control signal C ₁ in the data storage unit 31 realized by the database unit 22. When the holding control signal creation process is performed as described above, the process proceeds to step b14, and the same process as in the first embodiment is performed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, in preparation for the output fluctuation of the natural energy generator and the load fluctuation of the consumer group 6, the output of the generator is targeted for all the generators that can handle the frequency fluctuation. In accordance with the current operating status of these generators, they are changed in advance at the control timing of each generator.

  As a result, in the power supply and demand control executed by the power supply and demand control device every few seconds in order to suppress the frequency fluctuation, the frequency fluctuation adjustment capacity is reduced from the initially secured amount. Control can be performed to correct the adjustment capacity of the variation, or to increase the adjustment capacity.

  Further, by performing control mainly for the purpose of increasing the frequency adjustment capacity on the output raising side, the frequency adjustment capacity on the output lowering side may be increased secondarily. Therefore, it is possible to enhance overall followability to frequency fluctuations.

  Further, in the present embodiment, in the process of the output change control, the output change rate for the generators belonging to the generator group that is the target of output change is taken into account. Variations in (AR) are not caused. Further, the output shift control is a control in preparation for output fluctuation, but in the present embodiment, even when output fluctuation does not actually occur, unnecessary AR fluctuation is not caused.

<Third Embodiment>
The power supply / demand system including the power supply / demand control apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as that of the power supply / demand system 10 according to the first embodiment. Accordingly, corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and illustration and common description are omitted.

  FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are flowcharts showing a processing procedure related to the power supply / demand control process in the power supply / demand control apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The flowcharts shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 are similar to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and therefore the same steps as those in FIGS. 4, 5, 8, and 9. Are denoted by the same step numbers, and a common description is omitted.

  The power supply / demand control process of the present embodiment is the same as the power supply / demand control process of the second embodiment described above, except that the processes of step c1 and step c2 shown in FIG. 11 are performed instead of the process of step b3 shown in FIG. Except for this, it is the same as the second embodiment.

  Steps other than step c1 and step c2, that is, steps a1 to a9 and step a14, and steps b1 and b2 are performed in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments described above. In each process, the content of the data to be read is the same as in the first and second embodiments described above.

In the present embodiment, when the process of step a12 shown in FIG. 11 is performed, the process proceeds to step c1. In step c1, the control command value generator 36 performs a capacity shortage determination process for determining whether or not the frequency adjustment capacity is insufficient. Specifically, the control command value creation unit 36 first sets a frequency adjustment capacity (currently reserved) according to the following equation (22) for all target generators that can adjust the output with respect to frequency fluctuations. Hereinafter, P _crt is obtained. Here, the frequency adjustment capacity on the output increase side will be described as an example, but the frequency adjustment capacity on the output decrease side can be calculated in the same manner.

Further, the control command value creation unit 36 obtains a target frequency adjustment capacity (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “target adjustment capacity”) P _{obj according} to, for example, the following formula (23) based on the base command value.

Although different from the present embodiment, the target adjustment capacity may be a designated amount given from the outside. The control command value creation unit 36 calculates the frequency adjustment capacity shortage amount (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “shortage amount”) P _sht from the current adjustment capacity P _crt and the target adjustment capacity P _obj obtained as described above. Obtain according to (24).

The control command value creation unit 36 determines whether or not the frequency adjustment capacity is insufficient based on the sign of the obtained value of the insufficient amount P _sht . If the control command value creation unit 36 determines that the shortage amount P _sht is positive or 0, that is, 0 or more, the control command value creation unit 36 determines that the frequency adjustment capacity is insufficient, and _proceeds to step c2. If the control command value creation unit 36 determines that the shortage amount P _sht is negative, the control command value creation unit 36 determines that the frequency adjustment capacity is not short and ends all processing procedures.

In step c2, the control command value creation unit 36 performs a holding control signal creation process. In this embodiment, the control command value preparing section 36, deficiency of the output lifting replacement of P _sht and the generator is compared with the P _C, shortage P _sht the generator output lifting replacement of the P _C of Of these, the smaller one is selected as the new generator output change amount P ′ _C. That is, P ′ _C is represented by the following formula (25).

Control command value preparing section 36, the P _C of the above equations (19) to (21), and by substituting the value of the newly obtained generator output lifting replacement amount P _'C, wherein the above-mentioned formula (12 ) from and to determine the output lifting replacement control signal C _l. The control command value creation unit 36 stores the obtained output change control signal C ₁ in the data storage unit 31 realized by the database unit 22. When the holding control signal creation process is performed as described above, the process proceeds to step a14, and the same process as in the first embodiment is performed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, a process for determining whether or not the frequency adjustment capacity in step c1 is insufficient is provided. Thus, it is possible to realize power supply and demand control that corrects only the shortage from the target adjustment capacity. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the frequency adjustment capacity from being excessively secured exceeding the target adjustment capacity, and it is possible to prevent the deterioration of economy in the operation of the generator.

  The present invention can be freely combined with the above-described embodiments within the scope of the invention, and arbitrary constituent elements of the embodiments can be appropriately modified or omitted.

  1 Power supply / demand control device, 2A, 2B, 2C generator group, 3A, 3B, 3C generator, 4 generator output sensor, 5 power transmission / distribution system, 6 customer group, 7 deviation sensor, 8 other system, 9 central power supply Command device, 10 Electricity supply and demand system.

Claims (6)

A power supply and demand control device provided in a power supply and demand system comprising a plurality of generators and a power system to which the plurality of generators are connected,
Estimated time at which at least one of fluctuations in output of a natural energy generator connected to the power system and generating power using natural energy and load fluctuations of a consumer group connected to the power system will occur Storage means for preliminarily storing variable time zone information representing a variable time zone that is a zone, and output zone information relating to the output zone of each of the generators;
Based on the fluctuation time zone information stored in the storage means, a fluctuation time zone determination means for determining whether a current time corresponds to the fluctuation time zone;
Control means for controlling the plurality of generators so as to increase a frequency adjustment capacity for adjusting the frequency fluctuation of the power system when the fluctuation time zone determination means determines that the fluctuation time zone is satisfied; With
The control means includes
Among the plurality of generators, an increase generator whose output can be changed to increase the frequency adjustment capacity, and a corresponding power generator whose output can be changed in response to a change in the output of the increase generator And the output change amount required for the selected increase generator and the output change amount that can be handled by the corresponding generator, respectively, and based on the calculated change amount, An output change amount calculation means for calculating an output change amount that is a target of the output amount to be changed between the increase generator and the corresponding generator;
Based on the output change amount calculated by the output change amount calculation means and the output band information of the increase generator and the corresponding generator stored in the storage means, the increase power generation A control signal generating means for generating an output shift control signal for controlling the increase generator and the corresponding generator so that the output of the output shift amount is switched between the generator and the corresponding generator. An electric power supply and demand control device comprising:   The output change amount calculation means calculates the change amount for each of the increase generator and the corresponding generator included in the plurality of generators, and based on the calculated change amount, the output The power supply / demand control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a change amount is calculated.   The control signal creation means obtains a current adjustment capacity that is the current frequency adjustment capacity based on the change amount, and the obtained current adjustment capacity is insufficient than a target adjustment capacity that is a target value of the frequency adjustment capacity The power supply / demand control apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the output change-over control signal is created when it is determined that the output is changed. A power supply and demand control method in a power supply and demand system comprising a plurality of generators and a power system to which the plurality of generators are connected,
Estimated time at which at least one of fluctuations in output of a natural energy generator connected to the power system and generating power using natural energy and load fluctuations of a consumer group connected to the power system will occur A storage step of storing in advance variable time zone information representing a variable time zone that is a zone, and output zone information relating to the output zone of each of the generators;
Based on the fluctuation time zone information stored in the storage step, a fluctuation time zone determination step for determining whether a current time corresponds to the fluctuation time zone;
A control step for controlling the plurality of generators so as to increase a frequency adjustment capacity for adjusting a frequency variation of the power system when it is determined in the variation time zone determination step that the variation time zone is satisfied; With
The control step includes
Among the plurality of generators, an increase generator whose output can be changed to increase the frequency adjustment capacity, and a corresponding power generator whose output can be changed in response to a change in the output of the increase generator And the output change amount required for the selected increase generator and the output change amount that can be handled by the corresponding generator, respectively, and based on the calculated change amount, An output change amount calculating step for calculating an output change amount that is a target of the output amount to be changed between the increase generator and the corresponding generator;
Based on the output change amount calculated in the output change amount calculation step and the output band information of the increase generator and the corresponding generator stored in the storage step, the increase power generation A control signal creating step for creating an output shift control signal for controlling the increase generator and the corresponding generator so that the output of the output shift amount is switched between a generator and the corresponding generator. An electric power supply and demand control method comprising:   In the output change amount calculation step, the change amount is calculated for each of the increase generator and the corresponding generator included in the plurality of generators, and the output is calculated based on the calculated change amount. The power supply and demand control method according to claim 4, wherein a change amount is calculated.   In the control signal creation step, a current adjustment capacity that is the current frequency adjustment capacity is obtained based on the change amount, and the obtained current adjustment capacity is insufficient than a target adjustment capacity that is a target value of the frequency adjustment capacity 6. The power supply / demand control method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein if it is determined that the output change control signal is generated, the output change control signal is generated.

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