JP2013151046A - Chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chuck that achieves high working accuracy of a workpiece and requires no change of an elastic member during change in work preparation.SOLUTION: A chuck 1 includes a strip 2 which can rock within a range of a predetermined rocking margin and abuts against a workpiece 90, and a float part 3 having: a restriction member 30 for determining one end of the rocking margin in an axial direction; an elastic member 31 elastically deformable as the strip 2 rocks; and a spacer 32 having an axial length shorter than the elastic member 31 and an axial spring constant larger than the elastic member 31, and for determining the other end of the rocking margin in the axial direction.

Description

  The present invention relates to a chuck used when gripping a workpiece on a lathe or the like.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a collet chuck including an O-ring. In finishing a workpiece, the cutter may be inserted into a pre-working hole of the workpiece in a state where the central axis of the workpiece is inclined with respect to the central axis of the cutter. In this case, according to the chuck of the same document, the O-ring is elastically deformed by the blade being in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the pre-work hole. For this reason, the central axis of the cutting tool and the central axis of the workpiece can be aligned. That is, the pre-processed hole of the workpiece can be swung following the blade. Therefore, a precise finishing hole can be formed in the pre-processed hole. That is, the machining accuracy of the workpiece can be improved.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-30408

  The O-ring can be elastically deformed within a predetermined deformation allowance (crush allowance). That is, the O-ring can be elastically deformed between the elastic limit point in the extension direction and the elastic limit point in the compression direction. Correspondingly, the collet chuck has a top dead center (corresponding to the elastic limit point in the O-ring extension direction) and a bottom dead point (corresponding to the elastic limit point in the compression direction of the O-ring), It can swing.

  However, the collet chuck of the same document does not have a member that regulates the elastic limit point in the expansion direction and the elastic limit point in the compression direction of the O-ring. For this reason, the elastic limit point in the extension direction and the elastic limit point in the compression direction of the O-ring are determined only by the Young's modulus specific to the material forming the O-ring. That is, the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the rocking allowance of the collet chuck are determined only by the Young's modulus.

  For example, when an O-ring made of a material having a large Young's modulus is used, the O-ring is difficult to deform, and therefore the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the rocking allowance move upward. On the other hand, when an O-ring made of a material having a small Young's modulus is used, the O-ring is easily deformed, so that the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the swing allowance move downward. In addition, when “sagging” occurs in the O-ring by continuing to use the same O-ring, the top dead center gradually moves downward over time. Thus, according to the collet chuck of the same document, the rocking allowance was easy to change. For this reason, it has been difficult to further improve the workpiece machining accuracy.

  Further, according to the collet chuck of the same document, the amount of rocking of the work is determined only by the Young's modulus specific to the material forming the O-ring. For this reason, when machining a plurality of workpieces, it is necessary to replace the O-ring according to the amount of rocking of the workpiece to be machined at the time of setup change (work exchange). Accordingly, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of types of O-rings having different Young's moduli in order to cope with various workpieces having different swing amounts. In addition, this document does not describe a swing mechanism of the gold that supports the workpiece.

  Further, the collet chuck of the same document does not have a structure that regulates the screw tightening amount of the flange that holds the O-ring. For this reason, when attaching or replacing the O-ring, the operator has managed the screw tightening amount of the flange. Therefore, it has been difficult to obtain a desired swing amount and to reproduce the desired swing amount.

  The chuck of the present invention has been completed in view of the above problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a chuck that has high workpiece machining accuracy and does not require replacement of an elastic member during setup change.

  (1) In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the chuck of the present invention determines a contact piece that can swing within a predetermined swing allowance range and abuts against a work, and one axial end of the swing allowance. A regulating member, an elastic member that can be elastically deformed in response to the swing of the corresponding gold, an axial length shorter than the elastic member, and a larger spring constant in the axial direction than the elastic member. A float portion having a spacer for determining the other end in the axial direction.

  The chuck of the present invention includes an abutment and a float portion. The gold can be rocked elastically. For this reason, when setting a workpiece | work on a gold | metal | money, a gold | metal | money can be rock | fluctuated according to the shape of a workpiece | work. Therefore, even when the workpiece is distorted, the workpiece can be firmly supported by the money.

  Further, according to the chuck of the present invention, the restricting member determines one axial end of the rocking allowance of the metal. In addition, the spacer determines the other axial end of the rocking allowance of the metal. For this reason, the rocking allowance of the gold is difficult to change due to the Young's modulus of the material forming the elastic member. In addition, due to deterioration of the elastic member over time (for example, “sag”), the rocking allowance of the metal is difficult to change. Therefore, the machining accuracy of the workpiece can be improved.

  Further, according to the chuck of the present invention, it is not necessary to dare to prepare a plurality of elastic members having different Young's moduli and wire diameters in order to obtain a desired rocking allowance. For example, by preparing a thick spacer in advance and sequentially reducing the thickness of the spacer with a surface grinder, a desired swinging allowance can be obtained.

  Although such initial work is required, once the desired swing allowance is obtained, even if a change in the elastic force of the elastic member appears over time, the swing allowance becomes the elastic force of the elastic member. Because it does not depend, the rocking allowance is difficult to change. In addition, by exchanging the elastic member in which the elastic force has changed with a new elastic member of the same standard, it is possible to reproduce the ease of swinging the gold without depending on the skill of the operator.

  Further, according to the chuck of the present invention, it is the regulating member and the spacer that determine the rocking allowance of the gold. For this reason, it is not necessary to replace the elastic member in accordance with the amount of rocking of the workpiece to be processed during the setup change. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of types of elastic members having different Young's moduli in order to cope with various workpieces having different swing amounts.

  (1-1) Preferably, in the configuration of the above (1), the position of the workpiece at the time of machining should be determined by a reference plane set on a member different from the gold. . When the work is distorted, even if the work is set along the reference surface, the contact area of the supported surface of the work (the support target surface of the support surface) with respect to the support surface of the gold becomes small. In this respect, the gold having this configuration can swing according to the shape of the workpiece. For this reason, the contact area of the supported surface of the work with respect to the support surface of the gold can be increased.

  This configuration is particularly effective when the workpiece is composed of a plurality of divided bodies joined together. That is, since it consists of a plurality of divided bodies, the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece is low. In this respect, the gold having this configuration can swing according to the shape of the workpiece. For this reason, even a workpiece composed of a plurality of divided bodies can be firmly supported.

  (2) Preferably, in the configuration of the above (1), a support member for swingably supporting the metal is provided, and the elastic member and the spacer are interposed in a gap between the corresponding gold and the support member. The corresponding gold has a bolt insertion hole penetrating in the axial direction, and the restricting member is fixed to the support member, and is connected to the fixing portion and is inserted into the bolt insertion hole and extends in the axial direction. It is better to have a configuration in which the bolt has a body portion to be connected to the body portion and a head portion that projects from the bolt insertion hole and has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole.

  According to this configuration, a general-purpose bolt is used as the restricting member. Bolts are cheap. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the chuck can be reduced. Further, the vicinity of the rim of the bolt insertion hole of the metal abuts against the head of the bolt, so that one end in the axial direction of the rocking allowance of the metal can be determined.

  (2-1) Preferably, in the configuration of (2), three or more bolts are arranged apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the support member, and the axial lengths of the fixing portions of the plurality of bolts It is preferable that the axial length of the body portions of the plurality of bolts is constant.

  According to this structure, the axial direction length of the fixing | fixed part of a some (three or more) volt | bolt and the axial direction length of a trunk | drum are constant. For this reason, without depending on the skill of the operator, it is possible to align the axial end of the rocking allowance of the metal over the entire circumferential direction of the metal by simply tightening the bolt.

  (3) Preferably, in the configuration of (1) or (2), the elastic member is a ring member made of an elastomer. According to this structure, a ring member becomes flexible compared with the case where a ring member is made from metal or resin.

  (4) Preferably, in the configuration of (3), the ring member is an O-ring. According to this configuration, a general-purpose O-ring is used as the ring member. O-rings are inexpensive. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the chuck can be reduced.

  (5) Preferably, in any one of the constitutions (2) to (4), a gold unit having the gold, the float part, and the support member, and a radially inner side of the support member. An engaging portion having a main body, a concave portion provided in the outer peripheral surface of the main body, and a plunger provided on the support member and having a convex portion that is elastically movable in and out of the concave portion. It is better that the gold unit is detachable in the axial direction with respect to the main body by engaging and disengaging the convex portion and the concave portion.

  The chuck of this configuration includes a gold unit, a main body, and an engaging portion. By engaging and disengaging the convex portion and the concave portion of the engaging portion, the abutting unit can be attached to and detached from the main body in the axial direction.

  According to this configuration, it is easy to attach and detach the gold unit to and from the main body as compared to the case where the gold unit is bolted to the main body. For this reason, the winning unit can be easily replaced. In addition, when exchanging the gold unit at the time of the setup change accompanying the change of the workpiece to be processed, the time required for the setup change can be shortened.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a chuck that has a high workpiece machining accuracy and does not require replacement of an elastic member during setup change.

It is a perspective view of the chuck of a first embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view of the chuck. It is a disassembled perspective view of the main body vicinity of the chuck. It is a disassembled perspective view of the gold | metal | money unit of the chuck | zipper. It is a permeation | transmission top view of the chuck | zipper. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the VI-VI direction of FIG. 5. It is an enlarged view in the frame VII of FIG. It is an enlarged view in the frame VIII of FIG. It is an axial sectional view of the chuck. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view in a frame X of FIG. 9. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view in a frame XI in FIG. 9. It is a disassembled perspective view of the contact unit of the chuck of the second embodiment. It is an axial sectional view of a chuck of a third embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the chuck of the present invention will be described.

<First embodiment>
[Chuck configuration]
First, the configuration of the chuck according to the present embodiment will be described. In the drawings shown below, the vertical direction corresponds to the “axial direction” of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the chuck according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the chuck. FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective view of the vicinity of the main body of the chuck. FIG. 4 shows an exploded perspective view of the chuck unit of the chuck. FIG. 5 shows a transparent top view of the chuck. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in the VI-VI direction of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the chuck 1 of this embodiment is a collet chuck. The chuck 1 can grip the workpiece 90 from the outside in the radial direction. The chuck 1 includes an abutting unit 5, a main body 6, an engaging portion 7, a support shaft 80, a guide pin 81, a guide 82, a collet 83, and a draw bar 84.

(Work 90)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the workpiece 90 includes a plurality of divided bodies welded to each other. That is, the workpiece 90 includes a first divided body 900, a second divided body 901, and a third divided body 902.

  The first divided body 900 has a small-diameter disk shape. A contact surface 900 a is disposed at the upper end of the first divided body 900. A reference recess 900c is formed in the center of the contact surface 900a. On the other hand, a recess 900b is provided at the lower end of the first divided body 900.

  The second divided body 901 has a bottomed cylindrical shape that opens downward. The second divided body 901 is disposed on the radially outer side of the first divided body 900. As shown by hatching in FIG. 1, the first divided body 900 and the second divided body 901 are welded.

  The third divided body 902 has a bottomed cylindrical shape that opens upward. The third divided body 902 is disposed below the second divided body 901. As shown by hatching in FIG. 1, the second divided body 901 and the third divided body 902 are welded. A cylindrical portion 902a protrudes from the lower end of the third divided body 902.

(Pusher 91)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the pusher 91 is disposed above the work 90. The pusher 91 can reciprocate in the vertical direction. A reference surface 910 is disposed at the lower end of the pusher 91. The reference surface 910 can be pressed against the contact surface 900a of the workpiece 90 from above. The reference plane 910 is a plane. The reference surface 910 extends in a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction, that is, in the horizontal direction (radial direction). Positioning when processing the workpiece 90 is performed with reference to the reference surface 910 of the pusher 91, not the support surface 20 of the abutment 2 described later.

(Support shaft 80, guide pin 81, guide 82)
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the support shaft 80 has a round bar shape. The support shaft 80 can reciprocate in the vertical direction. The guide pin 81 has a round bar shape. The guide pin 81 is disposed at the upper end of the support shaft 80 so as to be replaceable. The guide pin 81 is inserted inside the cylindrical portion 902a of the workpiece 90 in the radial direction. The guide pin 81 is accommodated in the recess 900 b of the work 90. The guide 82 has a cylindrical shape, and the guide 82 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the support shaft 80.

(Collet 83, Drawbar 84)
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the collet 83 has a three-divided cylindrical shape. The collet 83 is disposed on the radially outer side of the guide 82. Three slits 831 are formed at the upper end of the collet 83, spaced apart by 120 °. For this reason, the upper part of the collet 83 can be elastically deformed in the radial direction. As shown by hatching in FIG. 3, a collet-side taper surface 830 that is pointed downward from above is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the collet 83.

  The draw bar 84 has a cylindrical shape. The draw bar 84 is fixed to the lower end of the collet 83. The draw bar 84 can reciprocate in the vertical direction independently of the support shaft 80.

(Main unit 6)
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the main body 6 has a stepped cylindrical shape. The main body 6 is disposed on the radially outer side of the collet 83. The main body 6 includes a small diameter portion 60 and a large diameter portion 61. The small diameter portion 60 is disposed above the large diameter portion 61. As shown by hatching in FIG. 3, a main body side tapered surface 600 that is pointed downward from above is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the upper portion of the small diameter portion 60. The main body side tapered surface 600 and the collet side tapered surface 830 are in contact with each other in the radial direction.

  Here, the support shaft 80, the guide pin 81, the guide 82, the collet 83, and the draw bar 84 can reciprocate in the vertical direction with respect to the main body 6. When the collet 83 reciprocates in the vertical direction with respect to the main body 6, the collet side tapered surface 830 slides with respect to the main body side tapered surface 600. For this reason, the inner diameter of the collet 83 expands and contracts. By the expansion / contraction, the collet 83 grips and releases the cylindrical portion 902a of the workpiece 90.

(Money unit 5)
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the money unit 5 includes a money 2, a float portion 3, and a support member 4. The award unit 5 can be attached to and detached from the main body 6 in the vertical direction by an engaging portion 7 described later.

  The support member 4 has a ring shape. The support member 4 is disposed on the radially outer side of the small diameter portion 60 of the main body 6. The support member 4 is placed on the upper surface of the large diameter portion 61 of the main body 6. The support member 4 includes three bolt fixing holes 40, three plunger receiving holes 41, and three locking bolt receiving holes 42.

  Each of the three bolt fixing holes 40 is recessed in the upper surface of the support member 4. The three bolt fixing holes 40 are spaced apart by 120 °. The three plunger accommodating holes 41 each penetrate the support member 4 in the radial direction. The three plunger receiving holes 41 are arranged so as to be separated from each other by 120 °. The radially outer ends of the three locking bolt accommodation holes 42 are each open to the outer peripheral surface of the support member 4. The inner ends in the radial direction of the three locking bolt accommodation holes 42 are respectively opened in the middle part of the plunger accommodation hole 41. The three locking bolt accommodation holes 42 are spaced apart by 120 °.

  The money 2 has a ring shape. The money 2 is disposed above the support member 4. Further, the abutment 2 is disposed on the radially outer side of the small diameter portion 60. The abutment 2 is movable with respect to the support member 4 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction within a predetermined swing range. Further, the abutment 2 can swing with respect to the support member 4 within a predetermined swing allowance range. A support surface 20 is disposed at the upper end of the metal 2. The support surface 20 supports the supported surface 902b of the workpiece 90 from below. Three head receiving recesses 21 are formed in the upper surface of the metal 2. The three head receiving recesses 21 are arranged 120 ° apart from each other. Under the three head receiving recesses 21, bolt insertion holes 22 are connected. The bolt insertion hole 22 is opened on the lower surface of the metal 2. The lengths of the three bolt insertion holes 22 in the vertical direction are the same.

  FIG. 7 shows an enlarged view in the frame VII of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the float unit 3 includes three bolts 30, an O-ring 31, and a spacer 32. The spacer 32 is made of metal and has a ring shape. The spacer 32 is interposed in the gap A <b> 1 between the metal 2 and the support member 4. The spacer 32 is disposed on the radially outer side of the small diameter portion 60 of the main body 6. The upper end of the spacer 32 determines the lower end (the other end in the axial direction) of the swing allowance of the metal 2.

  Three bolt insertion holes 320 are formed in the spacer 32. Above the three bolt insertion holes 320, the bolt insertion holes 22 of the abutment 2 are arranged. Below the three bolt insertion holes 320, bolt fixing holes 40 of the support member 4 are respectively arranged.

  The O-ring 31 is made of an elastomer. The O-ring 31 is interposed in the gap A <b> 1 between the abutment 2 and the support member 4 in a state compressed from the vertical direction. The O-ring 31 is disposed outside the spacer 32 in the radial direction. When the metal plate 2 swings, the O-ring 31 is elastically deformed.

  The vertical spring constant of the O-ring 31 is smaller than the vertical spring constant of the spacer 32. That is, the O-ring 31 is more elastically deformed in the vertical direction than the spacer 32. As shown by a dotted line in FIG. 7, the vertical length of the O-ring 31 in the no-load state (natural length state) is longer than the vertical length of the spacer 32.

  Each of the three bolts 30 includes a fixing part 300, a body part 301, and a head part 302 from below to above. The fixing part 300 is screwed into the bolt fixing hole 40 of the support member 4. The body portion 301 is inserted through the bolt insertion hole 320 of the spacer 32 and the bolt insertion hole 22 of the metal 2. The head 302 is housed in the head housing recess 21 of the metal 2. The outer diameter of the head 302 is larger than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole 22. The lower end of the head 302 determines the upper end (one axial end) of the swing allowance of the metal 2. The gold 2 is fixed to the support member 4 by three bolts 30 so as to be swingable.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the abutment 2 is arranged at the lower end of the swing allowance, a gap A <b> 2 is secured between the lower end of the head 302 and the bottom surface of the head accommodating recess 21. Yes. The money 2 can move in the vertical direction with respect to the support member 4 by the gap A2. That is, the gap A2 corresponds to the swinging allowance of the metal 2 in the vertical direction (axial direction).

  A gap A3 is secured between the outer peripheral surface of the head 302 and the inner peripheral surface of the head accommodating recess 21. In addition, a gap A4 is secured between the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 301 and the inner peripheral surface of the bolt insertion hole 22. Further, a gap A <b> 5 is secured between the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 60 and the inner peripheral surface of the metal 2. The gap 2 can move in the horizontal direction with respect to the support member 4 by the gap A5. That is, the gap A5 corresponds to the swinging allowance of the metal 2 in the horizontal direction (radial direction).

(Engagement part 7)
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 5, and 6, the engagement portion 7 includes three recesses 70, three plungers 71, and three locking bolts 72. FIG. 8 shows an enlarged view in the frame VIII of FIG. The three recesses 70 are respectively provided in the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 60 of the main body 6. The three recesses 70 are spaced apart by 120 °.

  Each of the three plungers 71 is accommodated in the plunger accommodation hole 41 of the support member 4. As shown in FIG. 8, the plunger 71 includes a convex portion 710, a spring 711, and a case 712. The case 712 has a bottomed cylindrical shape that opens radially inward. The convex part 710 has a spherical shape. The convex portion 710 is disposed near the opening of the case 712. The radially outer end of the spring 711 is in elastic contact with the bottom surface of the case 712. The radially inner end of the spring 711 is in elastic contact with the convex portion 710. Due to the urging force of the spring 711, the radially inner end of the convex portion 710 can protrude from the inner peripheral surface of the support member 4. Here, each of the three convex portions 710 faces the concave portion 70 in the radial direction. For this reason, each of the three convex portions 710 can be engaged with and disengaged from the concave portion 70 by the biasing force of the spring 711.

  Each of the three locking bolts 72 is accommodated in the locking bolt accommodation hole 42 of the support member 4. The radially inner end of the locking bolt 72 is in pressure contact with the outer peripheral surface of the case 712 of the plunger 71. The locking bolt 72 fixes the plunger 71.

[Work machining method]
Next, a method for processing the workpiece 90 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, first, the first divided body 900, the second divided body 901, and the third divided body 902 are separately molded. Next, the first divided body 900 and the second divided body 901 are welded. In addition, the second divided body 901 and the third divided body 902 are welded. Subsequently, a reference recess 900c is drilled at the upper end of the first divided body 900 by a drill. In addition, the inner peripheral surface of the recess 900b is cut by a drill. Then, chamfering is performed on the mouth of the recess 900b. Next, the workpiece 90 is supported by gripping the mouth tapered portion of the reference recess 900c and the mouth chamfered portion of the recess 900b processed in the previous process from both sides in the vertical direction, and the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 902a is turned by a lathe The surface and the contact surface 900a are cut. By this processing step, the accuracy of the perpendicularity of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 902a and the contact surface 900a, which is the gripping reference for the workpiece 90 in the next step, is roughly obtained. Then, the workpiece | work 90 is fixed using the chuck | zipper 1 of this embodiment, and the upper surface and the outer peripheral surface of the 2nd division body 901 of the workpiece | work 90 are cut with a vertical lathe.

[Chuck movement]
Next, the movement of the chuck 1 of this embodiment will be described. As described above, the contact surface 900a of the workpiece 90 shown in FIG. 6 has been processed into a flat shape. The reference surface 910 of the pusher 91 is a flat surface and extends in the horizontal direction. For this reason, positioning when processing the workpiece 90 is performed by pressing the reference surface 910 against the contact surface 900a. That is, after the workpiece 90 is set following the reference surface 910, the workpiece 90 is cut.

  However, as described above, before being fixed to the chuck 1, the workpiece 90 is subjected to various processes such as molding, welding, and cutting. For this reason, the actual shape of the workpiece 90 may be distorted with respect to the design shape. In this case, even if the workpiece 90 is set following the reference surface 910, the supported surface 902b of the workpiece 90 has three or more points of contact that are in a stable holding state with respect to the supporting surface 20 of the metal 2. It is difficult to get.

  In this regard, the abutment 2 of the chuck 1 of the present embodiment has a swing function. For this reason, the metal abutment 2 can be swung in accordance with the shape of the workpiece 90 (specifically, the shape and angle of the supported surface 902b).

  FIG. 9 shows an axial sectional view of the chuck according to the present embodiment. FIG. 10 shows an enlarged view in the frame X of FIG. FIG. 11 shows an enlarged view in the frame XI of FIG. 9 corresponds to FIG. 6, and FIG. 10 corresponds to FIG. For convenience of explanation, the collet 83, the guide 82, the guide pin 81, the support shaft 80, and the draw bar 84 are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the lower wall of the third divided body 902 of the work 90 is inclined so that the left side is lower and the front side is higher than the horizontal state indicated by the alternate long and short dash line. Following the inclination, the money 2 is also inclined such that the left side is low and the front side is high.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the lower surface of the metal 2 floats from the upper surface of the spacer 32 on the front side. The O-ring 31 extends in the vertical direction by its own elastic restoring force. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the gap A <b> 1 between the metal 2 and the support member 4 is widened.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the lower surface of the abutment 2 is seated on the upper surface of the spacer 32 on the left side. Further, the O-ring 31 is compressed from above and below against its own elastic restoring force. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 11, the gap A <b> 1 between the metal 2 and the support member 4 is narrowed.

  As described above, the abutment 2 of the chuck 1 according to the present embodiment has a swing function. For this reason, the abutment 2 can be swung in accordance with the shape of the workpiece 90. Therefore, the supported surface 902b of the work 90 can be brought into contact with the support surface 20 of the metal 2 at three or more points of contact. As a procedure, first, an operator performs rough positioning of the workpiece 90. That is, the workpiece 90 is placed on the metal abutment 2 so that the guide pin 81 is relatively accommodated in the recess 900b. At this time, the cylindrical portion 902a that has been processed in the previous process is fitted into the radially inner side of the collet 83 that is in the open state (unclamped state). Next, after confirming that the cylindrical portion 902a is fitted inside the collet 83 in the radial direction, the guide pin 81 is retracted downward. Subsequently, the pusher 91 is pressed against the contact surface 900a processed in the previous process from above. By the pressing, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 902a to be clamped in this step and the center line of the chuck 1 (that is, the clamp center line) are aligned in parallel. For this reason, when clamping, it is difficult to generate a biased load on the collet 83. Then, by pulling the draw bar 84 shown in FIG. 6 downward, the collet side tapered surface 830 is slid downward relative to the main body side tapered surface 600. That is, the inner diameter of the collet 83 is reduced. And the cylindrical part 902a of the workpiece | work 90 is hold | gripped from the radial direction outer side with the collet 83 using the said reduced diameter. Then, the upper surface and the outer peripheral surface of the second divided body 901 of the workpiece 90 are cut by a vertical lathe.

[Adjustment method of swing allowance]
Next, a method for adjusting the swing allowance of the abutment 2 of the chuck 1 according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 10, it is the head 302 of the bolt 30 that determines the upper end of the swing allowance of the metal 2. For this reason, the upper end of the swing allowance can be adjusted by adjusting the vertical position of the lower surface of the head 302, for example, by cutting the lower surface of the head 302 by machining. Further, the vertical length of the swing allowance can be adjusted.

  Specifically, when the bolt 30 having a long axial length of the body portion 301 is used, the upper end of the swing allowance can be shifted upward. Further, the vertical length of the swing allowance can be increased. On the other hand, when the bolt 30 having a short axial length of the body portion 301 is used, the upper end of the swing allowance can be shifted downward. In addition, the vertical length of the swing allowance can be shortened.

  As shown in FIG. 11, it is the spacer 32 that determines the lower end of the swing allowance of the metal 2. For this reason, the upper end of the swing allowance can be adjusted by adjusting the vertical position of the upper surface of the spacer 32. Further, the vertical length of the swing allowance can be adjusted.

  Specifically, when the spacer 32 having a short vertical length (thin) is used, the lower end of the swing allowance can be shifted downward. Further, the vertical length of the swing allowance can be increased. On the other hand, when the spacer 32 having a long vertical length (thickness) is used, the lower end of the swing allowance can be shifted upward. In addition, the vertical length of the swing allowance can be shortened.

  As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, it is the elasticity of the O-ring 31 that determines the ease with which the abutment 2 swings. For this reason, by adjusting the vertical spring constant of the O-ring 31, it is possible to adjust the easiness of swinging the abutment 2.

  Specifically, when the O-ring 31 having a small Young's modulus (soft) is used, the metal 2 is likely to swing. On the other hand, when the O-ring 31 having a large Young's modulus (hard) is used, the metal 2 is difficult to swing.

[How to attach and detach the gold unit to the main unit]
Next, a method for attaching and detaching the abutting unit 5 of the chuck 1 of the present embodiment to the main body 6 will be described. When the winning unit 5 is attached to the main body 6, the winning unit 5 is put on the main body 6 from above as shown in FIG. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the inner peripheral surface of the support member 4 slides on the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 60 from the upper side to the lower side. At this time, the convex portion 710 of the plunger 71 is immersed in the case 712 against the urging force of the spring 711. When the lower surface of the support member 4 reaches the upper surface of the large diameter portion 61, the convex portion 710 reaches the concave portion 70. For this reason, the convex portion 710 protrudes from the case 712 due to the biasing force of the spring 711. Then, the convex portion 710 is engaged with the concave portion 70. In this way, the gold unit 5 is attached to the main body 6. When the lower surface of the support member 4 comes into contact with the upper surface of the large-diameter portion 61 and the convex portion 710 engages with the concave portion 70, the vertical position of the gold unit 5 is determined. When the convex portion 710 is engaged with the concave portion 70, the circumferential position of the gold unit 5 is determined. In addition, when removing the winning unit 5 from the main body 6, the winning unit 5 is pulled out from the main body 6, contrary to the above procedure.

[Function and effect]
Next, the effect of the chuck 1 of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the abutment 2 of the chuck 1 according to this embodiment can be elastically swung by elastic deformation of the O-ring 31. For this reason, when the work 90 is set on the money 2, the money 2 can be swung in accordance with the shape of the work 90. Therefore, even if the work 90 (for example, the supported surface 902b of the work 90 with respect to the metal 2) is distorted, the work 90 can be firmly supported by the metal 2.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, according to the chuck 1 of the present embodiment, the head 302 of the bolt 30 determines the upper end of the swinging allowance of the metal 2. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, the spacer 32 determines the lower end of the swing allowance of the metal 2. For this reason, the rocking allowance of the metal 2 does not change depending on the Young's modulus of the material forming the O-ring 31. Further, due to the deterioration of the O-ring 31 with time (for example, “sag”), the swing allowance of the metal 2 does not change. Therefore, the machining accuracy of the workpiece 90 can be improved.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, according to the chuck 1 of the present embodiment, it is the bolt 30 and the spacer 32 that determine the rocking allowance of the abutment 2. For this reason, it is not necessary to replace the O-ring 31 in accordance with the amount of rocking of the workpiece 90 to be processed during the setup change.

  However, there is a case where it is desired to adjust the ease of swinging of the abutment 2 according to the weight of the workpiece 90 to be processed and the pressing force applied to the workpiece 90 from the pusher 91. In this case, the O-ring 31 is replaced. Alternatively, if a plurality of winning units 5 each adjusted to have a different elastic force are prepared in advance, an appropriate winning unit 5 can be selected from these winning units 5 to easily win 2 The ease of rocking can be adjusted.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the position of the workpiece 90 at the time of processing is determined based on the reference surface 910 of the pusher 91, not the support surface 20 of the metal 2. For this reason, when the workpiece 90 is distorted, even if the workpiece 90 is set along the reference surface 910, the supported surface 902b of the workpiece 90 with respect to the supporting surface 20 of the metal 2 (the surface to be supported of the supporting surface 20). The contact area is reduced. Further, the supported surface 902b comes into contact with the supporting surface 20 while being biased in the circumferential direction. In this regard, the abutment 2 of the chuck 1 according to the present embodiment can swing following the shape of the workpiece 90. For this reason, the contact area of the supported surface 902b of the work 90 with respect to the support surface 20 of the metal 2 can be increased. Further, the supported surface 902b can be brought into contact with the support surface 20 at at least three points in the circumferential direction.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the workpiece | work 90 consists of the some division body (The 1st division body 900, the 2nd division body 901, the 3rd division body 902) welded mutually. For this reason, the work 90 is easily distorted. However, according to the chuck 1 of the present embodiment, the abutment 2 can swing. For this reason, even if it is the workpiece | work 90 which consists of a some division body, it can support firmly.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, according to the chuck 1 of the present embodiment, a commercially available bolt 30 is used as the regulating member. The bolt 30 is inexpensive. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the chuck 1 can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, three bolts 30 are arranged at 120 ° intervals in the circumferential direction of the support member 4. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, the up-down direction length (namely, fastening margin) of the fixing | fixed part 300 of the three volt | bolts 30 is constant. For this reason, according to the chuck 1 of this embodiment, the upper end of the rocking allowance of the metal 2 can be aligned over the entire circumferential direction of the metal 2.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, according to the chuck 1 of this embodiment, the commercially available O-ring 31 made from an elastomer is arranged as a ring member. For this reason, a ring member becomes flexible compared with the case where a ring member is made from metal or resin. The O-ring 31 is inexpensive. For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the chuck 1 can be reduced.

  Further, according to the chuck 1 of the present embodiment, the swing allowance and the ease of swinging of the abutment 2 can be freely adjusted by exchanging the bolt 30, the spacer 32, and the O-ring 31.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 6, and 8, according to the chuck 1 of the present embodiment, the winning unit 5 for the main body 6 is compared with the case where the winning unit 5 is bolted to the main body 6. Easy to put on and take off. For this reason, the winning unit 5 can be easily replaced. Moreover, when exchanging the money unit 5 at the time of setup change, the time required for setup change can be shortened. Therefore, it is particularly advantageous when the frequency of setup changes is high, such as when processing a plurality of workpieces 90 of a small quantity and a variety.

<Second embodiment>
The difference between the chuck of this embodiment and the chuck of the first embodiment is that an O-ring and a spacer are arranged for each bolt. Here, only differences will be described. FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the chuck unit of the chuck according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the site | part corresponding to FIG. 4, it shows with the same code | symbol.

  As shown in FIG. 12, on the radially outer side of the three bolts 30, a spacer 32 and an O-ring 31 are arranged coaxially from the inside to the outside. The chuck according to the present embodiment and the chuck according to the first embodiment have the same functions and effects with respect to the parts having the same configuration. As in the chuck of this embodiment, the spacer 32 and the O-ring 31 may be partially arranged instead of the entire circumference.

<Third embodiment>
The difference between the chuck of this embodiment and the chuck of the first embodiment is that a claw member is arranged instead of three bolts. Here, only differences will be described. FIG. 13 shows an axial sectional view of the chuck according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the site | part corresponding to FIG. 6, it shows with the same code | symbol.

  As shown in FIG. 13, a ring-shaped claw member 35 is disposed on the upper edge of the outer peripheral surface of the support member 4. The upper end portion 350 of the claw member 35 protrudes radially inward. The lower surface of the upper end portion 350 determines the upper end of the rocking allowance of the metal 2. The chuck 1 according to the present embodiment and the chuck according to the first embodiment have the same operational effects with respect to the parts having the same configuration. As in the chuck 1 of this embodiment, a claw member 35 may be disposed instead of the bolt.

<Others>
The embodiment of the chuck of the present invention has been described above. However, the embodiment is not particularly limited to the above embodiment. Various modifications and improvements that can be made by those skilled in the art are also possible.

  The number of bolts 30 arranged is not particularly limited. Three or more (for example, four, five, six) may be sufficient. The material of the workpiece 90 is not particularly limited. For example, SS material (hot rolled steel plate), SPC material (cold rolled steel plate), etc. can be used. Further, the work 90 may not be made of a plurality of divided bodies. That is, the workpiece 90 may be made of a single steel plate or a single block.

  The material of the spacer 32 is not particularly limited. For example, metal, plastic, etc. can be used. The spacer 32 may be formed integrally with the metal 2 or the support member 4. The material of the elastic member (O-ring 31) is not particularly limited. For example, an elastomer (such as rubber), metal, plastic, or the like can be used.

  Instead of the O-ring 31, an elastomer seal ring (for example, an X ring, a D ring, a T ring, a quad ring, etc.) may be disposed. Further, instead of the O-ring 31, a metal spring may be arranged. For example, a ring-shaped disc spring may be arranged. Further, the plurality of coil springs may be arranged at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. In this case, the Young's modulus of the material forming the spacer 32 may be smaller than the Young's modulus of the material forming the spring. That is, it is only necessary that the axial spring constant of the spacer 32 is larger than the spring constant of the spring in the axial direction.

  The drive mechanism of the pusher 91 is not particularly limited. For example, the pusher 91 may be driven by attaching the pusher 91 to a Z-axis (vertical direction) slide, turret, or tool post.

  In the above embodiment, the O-ring 31 is disposed on the radially outer side of the spacer 32, but the O-ring 31 may be disposed on the radially inner side of the spacer 32. A plurality of O-rings 31 may be arranged in a coaxial circle. Further, the vertical spring constant of the O-ring may be adjusted according to the vertical length of the O-ring 31 and the number of the O-rings 31 arranged. In other words, the ease of swinging the metal 2 may be adjusted. In the above embodiment, the three concave portions 70 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 60 of the main body 6, but a single ring-shaped groove may be arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 60.

  In the above embodiment, the chuck of the present invention is arranged on a vertical lathe, but the chuck of the present invention may be arranged on a horizontal lathe. In this way, the abutment 2 can be swung according to the distortion of the workpiece 90 due to gravity.

  In the above embodiment, the contact surface 900 a of the first divided body 900 of the workpiece 90 is positioned by the reference surface 910. However, the upper surface and outer peripheral surface of the second divided body 901, the lower surface and outer peripheral surface of the third divided body 902 may be positioned by the reference surface. That is, the reference surface may be in contact with any part of the workpiece 90.

  In the above embodiment, the chuck of the present invention is embodied as an outer diameter collet chuck that grips the workpiece 90 from the radially outer side. However, the chuck of the present invention may be embodied as an inner diameter collet chuck that grips the workpiece 90 from the radially inner side. The chuck of the present invention may be embodied as a chuck other than the collet chuck. For example, it may be embodied as a 3-jaw chuck, a pin arbor chuck, a ball lock chuck, a magnet chuck, or the like.

  Further, the number of slits of the collet 83 is not particularly limited. Three or more (for example, four, five, six) may be sufficient. Further, the opening shape of the collet 83 shown in FIG. 3 may not be circular. Any shape corresponding to the shape of the workpiece 90 may be used. It may be a polygon (for example, a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, etc.).

  In the second embodiment, the O-ring 31 and the spacer 32 are both partially arranged (for each bolt 30). However, one of the O-ring 31 and the spacer 32 may be partially disposed and the other may be disposed all around. For example, the O-ring 31 may be disposed all around and the spacer 32 may be partially disposed.

1: chuck, 2: gold, 3: float part, 4: support member, 5: gold unit, 6: main body, 7: engagement part.
20: support surface, 21: head receiving recess, 22: bolt insertion hole, 30: bolt, 31: O-ring, 32: spacer, 35: claw member, 40: bolt fixing hole, 41: plunger receiving hole, 42: Loosening bolt accommodation hole, 60: small diameter part, 61: large diameter part, 70: recess, 71: plunger, 72: locking bolt, 80: support shaft, 81: guide pin, 82: guide, 83: collet, 84 : Drawbar, 90: Work, 91: Pusher.
300: fixing part, 301: body part, 302: head part, 320: bolt insertion hole, 350: upper end part, 600: main body side tapered surface, 710: convex part, 711: spring, 712: case, 830: collet side Tapered surface, 831: slit, 900: first divided body, 900a: contact surface, 900b: recessed portion, 900c: reference recessed portion, 901: second divided body, 902: third divided body, 902a: cylindrical portion, 902b: Supported surface, 910: reference surface.
A1 to A5: gaps.

Claims (5)

An abutment that can swing within a predetermined swing allowance and abuts against the workpiece;
A restricting member that determines one axial end of the swing allowance, an elastic member that can be elastically deformed in response to the swing of the corresponding gold, and an axial length shorter than the elastic member. A float portion having a large spring constant in the direction and a spacer that determines the other axial end of the swing allowance;
A chuck comprising: A support member for swingably supporting the metal,
The elastic member and the spacer are interposed in a gap between the corresponding gold and the support member,
The corresponding gold has a bolt insertion hole penetrating in the axial direction,
The restricting member includes a fixing portion fixed to the support member, a trunk portion connected to the fixing portion and inserted into the bolt insertion hole and extending in the axial direction, and connected to the trunk portion and protruding from the bolt insertion hole. The chuck according to claim 1, wherein the chuck has a head portion having an outer diameter larger than an inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole.   The chuck according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is an elastomer ring member.   The chuck according to claim 3, wherein the ring member is an O-ring. A gold unit comprising the gold, the float part and the support member;
A main body disposed radially inside the support member;
An engaging part having a concave part provided in the outer peripheral surface of the main body, and a plunger having a convex part arranged on the support member and elastically movable in and out of the concave part in a radial direction;
With
The chuck according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the gold unit can be attached to and detached from the main body in the axial direction by engaging and disengaging the convex portion and the concave portion.

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