JP2013147157A - Electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric vehicle which facilitates the loading/unloading of a battery.SOLUTION: As shown in Fig.(a), a battery 50 is stored in a battery storage box 60 which is arranged below a step floor 28. A bottom of the battery storage box 60 serves as an openable/closable lid 62. The battery 50 can be loaded and unloaded in/from the battery storage box 60 by opening the lid 62 in a state that a vehicle is toppled over sideways. Dimensions of the step floor 28 are sufficiently large, and bottom dimensions of the battery storage box 60 under the step floor 28 also become large. Consequently, the lid 62 also becomes large. Since the loading/unloading of the battery 50 is performed by toppling the vehicle over sideways, the lid 62 can be easily opened and closed. As shown in Fig.(d), the large lid 62 is opened so that the operation of loading/unloading the battery 50 can be performed via a large opening 108.

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric vehicle including wheels, an electric motor, and a battery.

  In a scooter type electric vehicle among electric vehicles, a battery is usually arranged under a step floor. Various battery attachment / detachment structures have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 (FIGS. 11 and 15)).

  As shown in FIG. 11 of Patent Document 1, from the center tube (18) under the step floor (98) of the electric vehicle (numbers in parentheses indicate the codes described in Patent Document 1. The same applies hereinafter). The battery boxes (50) are arranged on the left and right with reference to the partition plate (42) extending downward.

  In order to put in and out these battery boxes (50), as shown in FIG. 15 of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to open one of the left and right lids (48F, 48R) and further open the other left and right lids. is there.

  However, the left and right lids (48F, 48R) are opened, and the left and right battery boxes (50) are respectively inserted into and removed from the vehicle width direction. Increases maintenance time.

  Therefore, it is required that the battery can be taken in and out more easily.

JP-A-5-330465

  It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle that can more easily carry in and out a battery.

  The invention according to claim 1 is an electric vehicle comprising: a vehicle including a plurality of wheels; an electric motor that drives one of the wheels; and a battery that supplies electric energy to the electric motor. It is stored in a battery storage box arranged under the step floor where the person puts his feet, and the bottom of this battery storage box is a lid that can be opened and closed, and in the state where the vehicle is laid down, the lid is opened, The battery can be taken in and out of the battery storage box.

  In the invention according to claim 2, at least three grounding portions that are in contact with the installation surface when the vehicle is overturned are provided on one of the left and right sides of the vehicle, and the three grounding portions are connected in a side view of the vehicle. The center of gravity of the vehicle is disposed inside the line.

  In the invention according to claim 3, the electric vehicle is a two-wheeled vehicle including a front wheel at a front portion and a rear wheel at a rear portion, and three grounding portions are connected to an upper end of the front wheel and a tangent line contacting an upper end of the rear wheel. An upper grounding portion disposed above the vehicle, a front grounding portion disposed between the middle of the wheel base and the central axis of the front wheel, and a rear grounding portion disposed radially inward from the outer periphery of the rear wheel. It is characterized by the following.

  In the invention according to claim 4, rollers are provided in the vicinity of the front grounding portion and in the vicinity of the rear grounding portion so as to be positioned on the inner side of the vehicle from the bank angle of the vehicle and above the installation surface when the vehicle is laid down. The roller is rotatably supported by a support shaft provided on the side of the vehicle and extending along the vehicle front-rear direction.

  In the invention according to claim 5, the lid is provided with a lid switch for detecting the open / closed state of the lid, and the lid switch is controlled to stop the electric motor when the lid is in the open state. The parts are connected.

In the invention according to claim 1, the battery storage box is disposed under the step floor, and the bottom of the battery storage box is a lid. The size of the step floor is sufficiently large, and the bottom surface of the battery storage box under the step floor. The dimensions also increase. As a result, the lid also increases. The battery can be put in and out with the vehicle lying down, so that the lid can be opened and closed easily. According to the present invention, the battery can be taken in and out through the large opening by opening the large lid. Therefore, the battery can be taken in and out more easily.

In the invention according to claim 2, at least three grounding portions that are in contact with the installation surface when the vehicle is overlaid are provided on either the left or right side of the vehicle, and the center of gravity of the vehicle is located inside the line connecting the three grounding portions. A point is placed.
Since the center of gravity of the vehicle is arranged inside the line connecting the three grounding portions, the posture of the vehicle is stabilized when the vehicle is laid down. Since the vehicle can be stored in a stable state, a dedicated tray used for storage becomes unnecessary. It is possible to provide an electric vehicle that can be stored in a stable state without using a dedicated tray during storage.

In the invention according to claim 3, the electric vehicle is a two-wheeled vehicle, the upper grounding portion is positioned above the vehicle tangent to the front wheel upper end and the rear wheel upper end, and the front grounding portion extends from the middle of the wheel base to the front wheel central axis. The rear side grounding portion is located inward from the outer periphery of the rear wheel.
Since the electric vehicle is a two-wheeled vehicle, and the vehicle body is provided on the side of the lower part of the vehicle corresponding to the position of the front side grounding part and the position of the rear side grounding part, if the mounting target is a vehicle body, the front side grounding part and the rear side grounding The part can be easily provided.

In the invention according to claim 4, rollers are provided in the vicinity of the front side grounding portion and in the vicinity of the rear side grounding portion, respectively, and the rollers are rotatable on a support shaft provided on the vehicle side portion and extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. Supported.
Since the support shaft extends along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the roller can roll along the vertical direction of the vehicle, and the vehicle is moved along the vertical direction of the vehicle with the upper grounding portion separated from the installation surface. be able to.

In the invention according to claim 5, a lid switch for detecting opening / closing of the lid is attached to the lid, and a controller for stopping the electric motor when the lid is opened is connected to the lid switch.
Since the lid switch is provided, the electric motor is stopped when the lid is open. When the lid is closed, the electric motor can be operated. According to the present invention, forgetting to close the lid can be prevented.

1 is a left side view of an electric vehicle according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a three-part enlarged view of FIG. 2. It is a front view of a battery. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 6 in FIG. 1. It is a figure explaining the effect | action until a vehicle is overturned. It is a figure explaining an effect | action until a lid is made into an open state.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are viewed in the direction of the reference numerals. The front, rear, left and right, and top and bottom used in the following description are determined based on the passenger sitting on the passenger seat.

An electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings by taking an electric motorcycle as an example.
As shown in FIG. 1, an electric motorcycle 10 includes a front wheel 11, a front fork 12 having a front wheel 11 at a lower end, a steering handle 13 connected to the front fork 12 and steering the front wheel 11, a rear wheel 14, A rear swing arm 16 having an electric motor 15 that drives the wheel 14, a rear cushion 17 that absorbs a load acting on the rear wheel 14, a seat 18 that is arranged above the rear wheel 14 and on which a driver and a passenger sit; And a storage box 21 for storing the helmet 19.

  The body frame 22 of the electric motorcycle 10 includes a head pipe 23 that rotatably supports the front fork 12, a main pipe 24 that extends rearward and downward from the head pipe 23, and a lower that extends rearward from the lower end of the main pipe 24. Frames 25L and R (L is a subscript indicating the left, R is a subscript indicating the right, and so on) and a lower frame 25L and a rear frame 26 extending from the rear end to the rear upper side. The left side of the storage box 21 and the rear frame 26 is covered with a side cover 27.

  Upper portions of the lower frames 25L and 25R positioned below the vehicle body frame 22 are covered with a step floor 28 (described later in detail) on which the driver puts his / her foot. In addition, the sides of the lower frames 25L and 25R are covered with a step side cover 29 (described later in detail). On the rear upper surface of the step side cover 29, there is provided a pillion step 31 (details will be described later) which is located behind the step floor 28 and on which the passenger rests his / her foot.

  On the left side of the electric motorcycle 10, three grounding portions that come into contact with the installation surface 32 when the vehicle 10 is laid down are provided. The three ground contact portions are provided at the upper end portion of the vehicle 10 and are provided at the upper end contact portion 33 (described later in detail) which is the left end portion of the steering handle 13 and the front end portion of the step side cover 29 which is disposed at the lower portion of the front portion of the vehicle 10. It comprises a front side grounding portion 34 (details will be described later) and a rear side grounding portion 35 (details will be described later) provided at the lower end of the rear portion of the vehicle 10 and provided at the rear end of the step side cover 29.

  In a side view of the vehicle, a line 36 connecting the upper grounding portion 33 and the front grounding portion 34, a line 37 connecting the front grounding portion 34 and the rear grounding portion 35, and a line 38 connecting the rear grounding portion 35 and the upper grounding portion 33. The center of gravity point 39 of the vehicle 10 is arranged inside.

  The upper ground contact portion 33 is located above the vehicle from a tangent line 43 that contacts the upper end 41 of the front wheel 11 and the upper end 42 of the rear wheel 14. The front grounding portion 34 is located between the intermediate line 44 of the wheel base L1 and the central axis 45 of the front wheel 11. The rear ground contact portion 35 is located radially inward from the outer periphery 46 of the rear wheel 14.

Under the step floor 28, a battery storage box 60 (described in detail later) for storing a battery 50 (described in detail later) for supplying electric energy to the electric motor 15 is provided.
The head pipe 23 is provided with a controller 61 that controls the electric motor 15.

The structure of the battery storage box 60 and the structure of the front side grounding part 34 are demonstrated based on FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the battery storage box 60 includes a lower frame 25L, a lower frame 25R, and a lid 62 (details will be described later) attached to the lower frames 25L and 25R so as to be opened and closed. That is, a lid 62 that can open and close the bottom of the battery storage box 60 is provided. The detailed structure of the lid 62 and the storage method of the battery 50 will be described later.

Next, the structure of the front side grounding part 34 will be described.
The step side cover 29 is attached to the left end portion 64 of the step floor 28 supported by the upper end 63 of the lower frame 25L and the left end portion 67 of the bottom plate 66L supported by the lower end 65 of the lower frame 25L. A front side grounding portion 34 that bulges in the vehicle width direction is provided at the front upper end of the step side cover 29.

  In addition, a stay 68 extending outward in the vehicle width direction is attached to the lower frame 25L, and a front roller 69 is fixed to the outer end portion of the stay 68 by a front support shaft 71. That is, the front roller 69 is provided in the vicinity of the front grounding portion 34 so as to be positioned on the vehicle inner side than the bank angle θ1 of the vehicle indicated by the line 72 and above the installation surface 32 when the vehicle is laid down. The front roller 69 is rotatably supported by a front support shaft 71 provided on the left side of the vehicle and extending along the vehicle front-rear direction.

The detailed structure of the lid 62 and the storage method of the battery 50 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the left end 73 of the lid 62 is connected to the lower end 65 and the bottom plate 66 </ b> L of the lower frame 25 </ b> L by a hinge 74. On the other hand, the right end portion 75 of the lid 62 is detachably fixed to the bottom plate 66R and the lower end 77 of the lower frame 25R by a bolt 76. The lid 62 can be opened by removing the bolt 76. In the embodiment, one side of the lid 62 is hinged and the other side of the lid 62 is bolted, but the left and right ends of the lid 62 may be bolted.

  In addition, a lid switch 79 for detecting the open / closed state of the lid 62 is attached to the inner side surface 78 of the lower frame 25R. The lid switch 79 is connected to a control unit (FIG. 1, reference numeral 61) that controls the electric motor (FIG. 1, reference numeral 15) to stop when the lid 62 is in the open state. The lid switch 79 includes a detection unit 81 that contacts the lid 62, and the state in which the detection unit 81 is in contact with the lid 62 is switched off.

  In the embodiment, the lid switch 79 is attached to the lower frame 25R. However, the lid switch 79 may be attached to the lid 62, and a member that contacts the detection unit 81 against the lower frame 25R may be provided.

  A horizontal member 84 extending in the vehicle width direction is provided between the step floor 28 and the lower frames 25L and 25R.

Next, a method for storing the battery 50 will be described.
In the left space 82 of the battery storage box 60, the isosceles triangular batteries 50, 50 are stored facing each other. Further, the batteries 50 and 50 having an isosceles triangle shape are stored facing each other in the right space 83 of the battery storage box 60.

  An elastic member 89 is attached to each surface of the battery 50 with an adhesive or the like. The elastic member 89 contacts the horizontal member 84, the lower frames 25L and 25L, and the lid 62, and also contacts the elastic members 89, so that the elastic member 89 is compressed when the battery 50 is stored in the battery storage box 60. Due to the spring action that occurs during this compression, displacement of the battery 50 is prevented. It is preferable to use a sponge for the elastic member 89.

  In addition, the horizontal member 84 is fixed to the lower frames 25L, 25 together with the step floor 28 with bolts 85. A long bolt 86 extending downward in the vehicle is fixed to the horizontal member 84, and a holding member 87 for holding the batteries 50, 50 on the vehicle width center side is fixed to the bolt 86 with a nut 88. By providing the pressing member 87 in the battery storage box 60, the batteries 50, 50 can be prevented from popping out when the lid 62 is opened. The nut 108 is a nut that adjusts the position in the height direction of the pressing member 87.

The configuration of the battery 50 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the battery 50 includes a bottom surface 93, bottom arcuate surfaces 94, 94 included in the bottom surface 93 and formed at both ends of the bottom surface 93, and the bottom arcuate surfaces 94, 94 having equal lengths. A case 97 formed by two inclined surfaces 96 and 96 formed at the tip and having arcuate surfaces 95 and 95 at the tip, and a column 98 and a plurality of cells 98 housed side by side inside the case 97.

  The intersection of the tip arc surface 95 and the tip arc surface 95 is P1. Instead of the bottom arc surface 94 and the tip arc surface 95, the bottom surface 93 and the inclined surface 96, and the inclined surface 96 and the inclined surface 96 may be connected in a straight line. When the bottom surface 93 and the inclined surface 96 and the inclined surface 96 and the inclined surface 96 are connected in a straight line, the intersections become P3, P4, and P5.

Next, a case 97 formed by connecting the intersections P3, P4, and P5 with straight lines will be described.
By disposing the cells 98 along the bottom surface 93 of the case 97 at a pitch P2 larger than the outer diameter D1 of the cells 98, the length L3 of the slope 96 of the case 97 is made smaller than the length L2 of the bottom surface 93. I made it.

  The height of the battery 50 is from the bottom surface 93 to the intersection P3 of the two slopes 96, and is represented by H1. The height dimension H1 of the battery 50 is determined by arranging the cells 98 along the bottom surface 93 of the case 97 at a pitch P2 larger than the outer diameter D1 of the cells 98 so that the cells are arranged in close contact with each other on the bottom surface of the case. As compared with the above, the height dimension of the battery 50 can be reduced.

  The angles of each part of the case 97 are θ2 = 90 ° and θ3 = 45 °, and the case 97 has a right-angled isosceles triangle shape. The shape of the case 97 is not limited to a right-angled isosceles triangle, and any shape can be used as long as the slope has an isosceles triangle whose length is smaller than that of the bottom surface.

The structure of the rear side grounding portion 35 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the pillion step 31 is supported by a stay 99 that extends outward from the lower frame 25L in the vehicle width direction.
In addition, the step side cover 29 is attached to the left end 101 of the pillion step 31 and the left end 102 of the bottom plate 66L. A rear grounding portion 35 that bulges in the vehicle width direction is provided at the rear upper end of the step side cover 29.

  A rear roller 103 is fixed to the outer end portion of the stay 99 by a rear support shaft 104. That is, the rear roller 103 is provided in the vicinity of the rear ground contact portion 35 so as to be positioned on the vehicle inner side than the vehicle bank angle θ1 indicated by the line 72 and above the installation surface 32 when the vehicle is overturned.

In addition, the rear roller 103 is rotatably supported by a rear support shaft 104 provided on the left side of the vehicle and extending along the vehicle front-rear direction.
A rear opening 105 that allows the rear roller 103 to rotate is formed in the rear intermediate portion of the step side cover 29.

The positional relationship of the upper grounding portion 33, the front grounding portion 34, and the rear grounding portion 35 in plan view will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 6, the upper grounding portion 33, the front grounding portion 34, and the rear grounding portion 35 of the electric motorcycle 10 are on a straight line 106 when the steering handle 13 is turned to the right as indicated by an imaginary line. Placed in. That is, when the electric motorcycle 10 is laid down on the installation surface (FIG. 1, reference numeral 32), the upper grounding portion 33, the front grounding portion 34, and the rear grounding portion 35 can be grounded to the installation surface.

  In the embodiment, the upper grounding portion 33, the front grounding portion 34, the rear grounding portion 35, the front roller 69, and the rear roller 103 are provided on the left side of the vehicle, but may be provided on the right side of the vehicle.

Next, the operation of the electric motorcycle 10 described above will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7A, the driver 107 puts the electric motorcycle 10 in an oblique posture, rolls the rollers 69 and 103 on the installation surface 32, and moves the electric motorcycle 10 as indicated by an arrow (1). .

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the upper grounding portion 33, the front grounding portion 34, and the rear grounding portion 35 are in contact with the installation surface 32, and the electric motorcycle 10 is in a sideways state.

  As shown in (c), the center of gravity 39 of the electric motorcycle 10 is arranged inside the line 36, the line 37, and the line 38. In addition, in the Example, although the three grounding parts 33, 34, and 35 were provided in the electric motorcycle 10, you may provide more than three grounding parts.

Next, how to open the lid 62 in a state where the electric motorcycle 10 is laid down will be described with reference to FIG.
8A corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along the line 8a-8a in FIG. 7C, and the bolt 76 is removed from the battery storage box 60 as indicated by an arrow (2).
(B) corresponds to an enlarged view of part b of (a). When the lid 62 is opened as indicated by an arrow (3), the detection part 81 of the lid switch 79 is pushed out of the vehicle body as indicated by an arrow (4). .

  As a result, the lid switch 79 is turned on. In (c), an on signal is output from the lid switch 79 to the control unit 61, and the control unit 61 issues an operation stop command to the electric motor 15.

  As shown in (d), when the nut 88 and the pressing member 87 are removed as indicated by the white arrow, the battery 50 can be taken in and out. That is, the electric motorcycle (FIG. 1, reference numeral 10) allows the battery 50 to be inserted into and removed from the battery storage box 60 by opening the lid 62 while the vehicle is laid down.

The effects of the electric vehicle 10 described above will be described below.
With the configuration shown in FIG. 8A, the dimension of the step floor 28 is sufficiently large, and the bottom dimension of the battery storage box 60 under the step floor 28 is also large. As a result, the lid 62 is also increased. Since the battery 50 is taken in and out by turning the vehicle on its side, the lid 62 can be easily opened and closed. According to the present invention, as shown in (d), the large lid 62 is opened, and the battery 50 can be taken in and out through the large opening 108. Therefore, the work of putting in and out the battery 50 can be performed more easily.

  With the configuration shown in FIG. 7C, the center of gravity 39 of the vehicle 10 is disposed inside the lines 36, 37, and 38 connecting the three grounding portions 33, 34, and 35. The posture is stable. Since the vehicle 10 can be stored in a stable state, a dedicated tray used at the time of storage becomes unnecessary. The electric vehicle 10 that can be stored in a stable state without using a dedicated tray during storage can be provided.

  With the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the electric vehicle 10 is a two-wheeled vehicle, and the vehicle body 25 </ b> L is provided on the side of the lower part of the vehicle corresponding to the position of the front side grounding part 34 and the position of the rear side grounding part 35. If it is the vehicle body 25L, the front side grounding part 34 and the rear side grounding part 35 can be provided easily.

  With the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the support shafts 71 and 104 are extended along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, so that the rollers 69 and 103 can be rolled along the vertical direction of the vehicle as shown in FIG. The vehicle 10 can be moved along the vertical direction of the vehicle while the upper grounding portion is separated from the installation surface 32.

  Since the lid switch 79 is provided in the configuration shown in FIG. 8C, the electric motor 15 is stopped when the lid 62 is open. In (b), when the lid 62 is in the closed state, the electric motor 15 can be operated. According to the present invention, forgetting to close the lid 62 can be prevented.

  Although the electric vehicle according to the present invention is applied to a two-wheeled vehicle in the embodiment, it can also be applied to a saddle-ride type three-wheeled vehicle and a four-wheeled vehicle, and may be applied to a general vehicle.

  The electric vehicle of the present invention is suitable for an electric motorcycle.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electric vehicle, 11 ... Wheel (front wheel), 14 ... Wheel (rear wheel), 15 ... Electric motor, 28 ... Step floor, 32 ... Installation surface, 33 ... Upper ground part, 34 ... Front ground part, 35 ... Rear Side grounding part, 36-38 ... line, 39 ... center of gravity, 41, 42 ... upper end, 43 ... tangent, 44 ... middle, 45 ... central axis, 46 ... outer periphery, 50 ... battery, 60 ... battery storage box, 61 ... Control unit, 62 ... lid, 69, 103 ... roller, 71, 104 ... support shaft, 79 ... lid switch, L1 ... wheel base, θ1 ... bank angle.

Claims (5)

A vehicle, a plurality of wheels (11, 14), an electric motor (15) for driving one of the wheels (11, 14), and a battery (50) for supplying electric energy to the electric motor (15) In an electric vehicle (10) comprising:
The battery (50) is stored in a battery storage box (60) disposed under a step floor (28) on which a driver puts his feet,
The bottom of the battery storage box (60) is a lid (62) that can be opened and closed,
The electric vehicle characterized in that the battery (50) can be inserted into and removed from the battery storage box (60) by opening the lid (62) in a state where the vehicle (10) is laid down.   Any one of the left and right sides of the vehicle (10) includes at least three ground contact portions (33 to 35) that contact the installation surface (32) when the vehicle is overturned. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a center of gravity (39) of the vehicle (10) is arranged inside a line (36-38) connecting the grounding portions (33-35). The electric vehicle (10) is a two-wheeled vehicle including a front wheel (11) at a front portion and a rear wheel (14) at a rear portion,
The three grounding portions (33 to 35) are arranged on the upper side of the vehicle from the tangent line (43) contacting the upper end (41) of the front wheel (11) and the upper end (42) of the rear wheel (14). A portion (33), a front grounding portion (34) disposed between the middle (44) of the wheel base (L1) and the central axis (45) of the front wheel (11), and the rear wheel (14) The electric vehicle according to claim 2, comprising a rear side grounding portion (35) disposed radially inward from the outer periphery (46). In the vicinity of the front grounding portion (33) and in the vicinity of the rear grounding portion (34), from the bank angle (θ1) of the vehicle (10) inside the vehicle and from the installation surface (32) when the vehicle is overturned Each roller (69, 103) is equipped so as to be located upward,
4. The electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the rollers (69, 103) are rotatably supported by support shafts (71, 104) provided on the side of the vehicle and extending along the vehicle front-rear direction. .   The lid (62) is provided with a lid switch (79) for detecting the open / closed state of the lid (62). The lid switch (79) has the electric switch when the lid (62) is open. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a controller (61) that controls the motor (15) to stop.

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