JP2013136286A - Agricultural work vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent deterioration in battery performance due to temperature change.SOLUTION: There is provided an agricultural work vehicle such as a tractor in which a work machine is mounted on a body and which runs by means of a running motor driven by at least electric power charged in a battery, wherein the battery stored in a storage body is disposed under a step. An engine room is connected to the storage body by a pipe, and a temperature sensor for detecting temperature in the storage body is provided. The agricultural work vehicle is configured in such a way that when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature decreases to the extent at which the performance of the battery begins to deteriorate, warm air in the engine room is sent to the storage body by opening a vent valve using a vent valve motor.

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural work vehicle, and more particularly to an agricultural work vehicle that travels with a travel motor that is driven by electric power charged in a battery.

  It is the structure which drives by driving | running | working the traveling system of a riding farm work machine with the electric motor driven with the electric power accumulate | stored in the battery (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP 2005-2817 A

  In the above-mentioned technology, the mounting position of the battery is unclear, and furthermore, there is no disclosure of technology that suppresses battery performance deterioration due to changes in battery temperature, so the storage capacity is reduced and the cruising distance is shortened. turn into. In addition, when the vehicle is driven to maintain the cruising distance, the fuel efficiency is deteriorated.

  The subject of this invention is providing the agricultural work vehicle which eliminates the above malfunctions.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configuration.
That is, in the invention described in claim 1, the working machine (11) is mounted on the fuselage, and the agricultural machine such as a tractor configured to travel by the traveling motor (37) driven by at least the electric power charged in the battery (29) is used. The work vehicle is an agricultural work vehicle characterized in that a battery (29) stored in a storage body (30) is arranged below the step (13).

The action of claim 1 is that the battery (29) is arranged below the step (13).
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the engine (15) is mounted in the engine room (32) constituting the fuselage, and the engine room (32) and the storage body (30) are formed by a pipe (33) having a vent valve (34). ) And a temperature sensor (31) for detecting the temperature in the housing (30) is provided, and the temperature sensor (31) detects that the battery (29) has been lowered to a temperature at which the performance starts to deteriorate. Then, the vent valve (34) is opened by the vent valve motor (34a), and the warm air in the engine room (32) is sent into the storage body (30). This is an agricultural work vehicle.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the temperature sensor (31) detects that the temperature of the battery (29) starts to deteriorate, the vent valve (34) is opened by the vent valve motor (34a). Warm air in the room (32) is sent into the housing (30).

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the pipe (41) having the ventilation valve (42) and constituting the outside air intake opening (40) opened to the outside air is connected to the housing body (30), and the battery (29) When the temperature sensor (31) detects that the temperature has risen to a level at which the performance starts to deteriorate, the vent valve (42) is opened by the vent valve motor (42a) and the outside air is sent into the housing (30). The agricultural work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the agricultural work vehicle is provided.

  When the temperature sensor (31) detects that the temperature of the battery (29) has started to deteriorate, the vent valve (42) is opened by the vent valve motor (42a). Into the storage body (30).

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the space portion can be effectively used in the invention of the first aspect.
In the second and third aspects of the invention, the performance of the battery (29) is not deteriorated, and it is possible to prevent the cruising distance of the traveling from being shortened.

Left side view of tractor Top view of tractor Left side view of the tractor showing the positional relationship of the battery etc. Sectional view of the pipe that connects the battery housing, engine room, and outside air Relationship characteristics between motor speed and torque Characteristic diagram showing the difference between the steering angle and left and right motor speeds Regenerative braking force block diagram Block diagram of vent valve Flow chart during regeneration (A) A side view showing an example of regeneration of a lawn mower, (b) an enlarged side view in the vicinity of a mower motor (A) A side view showing an example of regeneration of a lawn mower, (b) an enlarged side view in the vicinity of a collector motor Characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount of collected grass and torque

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 shows a side view of the tractor, and FIG. 2 shows a plan view thereof. In the plan view, the cabin 3 shown in FIG. 1 is omitted.

  The tractor includes front wheels 1, 1 and rear wheels 2, 2 at the front and rear portions of the fuselage, and the rotational power of the engine 15 mounted on the front portion of the fuselage is appropriately decelerated by a transmission in the transmission case 14, and these front wheels 1 , 1 and rear wheels 2, 2.

  A steering handle 4 is supported on the handle post 6 in the cabin 3 at the center of the body, and a seat 8 is provided behind the steering handle 4. Below the steering handle 4 is provided a forward / reverse lever 5 that switches the advancing direction of the airframe to the front / rear direction. When the forward / reverse lever 5 is moved to the front side, the airframe moves forward, and when it is moved rearward, it moves backward.

  An accelerator lever 16 for adjusting the engine speed is provided on the opposite side of the forward / reverse lever 5 with the handle post 6 in between, and an accelerator for similarly adjusting the engine speed is provided at the right corner of the step floor 13. The pedal 17 and left and right brake pedals 18L and 18R for operating the brakes on the left and right rear wheels 2 and 2 are provided. A clutch pedal 7 is provided at the left corner of the step floor 13.

  The main speed change lever 20 is located at the left front portion of the seat 8, the sub speed change lever 21 capable of selecting any of the low speed, medium speed, high speed and neutral positions is located behind the main speed change lever 21, and further on the right side is the PTO speed change lever 22. Is provided. Further, on the right side of the seat 8, a position lever 23 for setting the height of the working machine 11 (rotary or the like), an automatic tilling depth lever 24 for automatically setting the tilling depth of the field, and the working machine 11 after these levers. A right-up switch 25 and a right-down switch 26 are arranged, and then an automatic horizontal switch 27 and a backup switch 28 of the work machine 11 are arranged. The backup switch 28 automatically raises the work machine 11 when the machine moves backward. The work machine 11 has a configuration in which a link 9 is connected to the rear of the machine body. Reference numeral 10 denotes a rotation fulcrum of the link 9. The tractor performs work such as tillage in the field by driving the work machine 11 and running the machine body. Reference numeral 12 denotes a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the work machine 11.

  As described above, the conventional tractor is configured to be driven only by the engine 15, but a hybrid system used in combination with a motor or an electric system driven only by the motor is also conceivable. FIG. 3 shows the mounting position of the battery 29 in the case of a hybrid system or an electrical system. The battery 29 is stored in a storage body 30 that is configured below the step 13. Since the transmission case 14 is disposed below the center of the step 13, the battery 29 is mounted on the left and right sides of the transmission case 14 below the step 13. Thereby, the battery 29 can be mounted using the space portion effectively.

  The battery 29 uses a lithium ion battery having a large capacity. However, when the temperature is lowered, the battery capacity and voltage of the lithium ion battery are lowered and the battery performance is remarkably lowered. Thus, the battery 29 is heated using the exhaust heat of the engine.

  First, a temperature sensor 31 that measures the temperature inside the storage body 30 in which the battery 29 is stored is provided. And the inside of the engine room 32 and the storage body 30 are connected with the pipe 33, and it is set as the structure which provides the ventilation valve 34 (FIG. 4) in the middle of this pipe 33. As shown in FIG. The vent valve is configured to be switched by the vent valve motor 34a. When the temperature sensor 31 detects a decrease in temperature (a temperature at which the performance of the lithium ion battery decreases), the motor 34a is driven to open the vent valve 34. The open / close state of the vent valve 34 is confirmed by the opening degree sensor 34b. Since there is a cooling fan 35 in the engine room 32, relatively warm air in the engine room 32 passes through the pipe 33 and flows into the housing body 30 due to this wind.

  Even if comprised in this way, when the temperature rise in the storage body 30 is slow because the outside air temperature is low, that is, even if a predetermined time (2 to 3 minutes) elapses, the temperature increase in the storage body 30 exceeds a predetermined value. When it does not rise, the vent valve motor 34a is continuously driven as shown in FIG.

  As a result, the vent valve 34 acts like a blade, so that warm air in the engine room 32 can be forcibly sent into the storage body 30 and performance deterioration of the battery 29 can be prevented. It becomes like this. Reference numeral 33a is a resistance plate for preventing backflow. Instead of the temperature sensor 31, a battery temperature sensor 39 that directly detects the temperature of the battery 29 may be used.

  On the contrary, the performance of the battery 29 deteriorates even if the temperature becomes too high. Therefore, the pipe 41 having the outside air intake 40 opened to the outside air is connected to the storage body 30. FIG. 4 is a plan view in which the pipe 33 and the pipe 41 are provided in parallel. A ventilation valve 42 and a ventilation valve rotating motor 42a are also formed in the pipe 41 taking in outside air. When the temperature sensor 31 detects an increase in temperature (a temperature at which the performance of the lithium ion battery decreases), the vent valve motor 42a is driven to open the vent valve 42. The opening / closing state of the vent valve 42 is detected by an opening degree sensor 42b.

If the temperature drop is slow even with this configuration, the ventilation valve motor 42a is continuously driven.
As a result, the vent valve 42 acts like a blade, so that air at a relatively low temperature of outside air can be forcibly sent into the storage body 30, and performance deterioration of the battery 29 can be prevented. become able to. Reference numeral 41a is a resistance plate for preventing backflow. Moreover, the storage body 30 can suppress the temperature fall in the storage body 30 by inserting the heat insulating material 36. A block diagram of this configuration is shown in FIG.

  Traveling motors 37 for driving the left and right front wheels 1 and 1 and the left and right rear wheels 2 and 2 are provided in four wheels, respectively (foil-in type). As a feature of the tractor, as shown in FIG. 5, high torque is required at low speed work, but high torque is not required at high speed movement. Therefore, the torque characteristics of the traveling motor 37 are changed for use. Although it is a well-known technique, the characteristics as shown in FIG. 5 can be obtained by switching between low speed and high speed in the U phase, V phase, and W phase. As a result, it is possible to use both work travel (low speed and large torque) and road travel (high speed and small torque), and efficient work travel can be performed.

  Regarding the driving of the work machine 11, since the load is large, the hybrid system is configured to drive the work machine with an engine. In the electric type, a dedicated motor (not shown) for driving the work machine 11 is provided, and the work machine 11 is driven after the work machine motor is decelerated by a transmission to increase torque. .

  When the tractor turns, it turns by operating the steering handle 4 to change the direction of the left and right front wheels 1, 1, but sometimes it cannot turn as expected depending on the soil quality of the field. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the steering angle is detected by the steering angle sensor 38 at the rotation base of the steering handle 4, and the left and right front wheels 1, 1 and the left and right rear wheels 2, 2 rotate according to the detected steering angle. A number difference (turning inner rotation speed <turning outer rotation speed) is given. The coefficient a shown in FIG. 6 is a correction coefficient that varies depending on the vehicle speed. The value of the correction coefficient a and the rotation difference rate x with respect to the actual steering angle also changes depending on the type of aircraft (tractor, rice transplanter, etc.).

  FIG. 7 shows a configuration in which the regenerative braking force of the motor 37 is changed. When the airframe does not accelerate, the regenerative current is obtained from the motor 37 and the battery 29 is charged. However, in agricultural machines such as tractors, it is often difficult to obtain an appropriate regenerative current. In particular, since a load is applied during work travel, if the regenerative braking force is too strong, the degree of deceleration of the airframe may become too large and the engine may stall. That is, the regenerative current obtained during work travel is minimal. Moreover, since it runs at high speed when traveling on the road, it is a unique situation where a large regenerative current is obtained. Therefore, we want to obtain a regenerative current with a stronger regenerative braking force. Therefore, the regenerative braking force is automatically changed according to the situation.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, a tractor work setting unit and a vehicle speed sensor are connected to the control device (CPU) 100, and the regenerative braking force of the motor 37 is automatically changed from these situations.

  The flowchart shown in FIG. 9 is a control of the regenerative current, and when detecting that the accelerator pedal is operated from the speed increasing side to the speed reducing side (neutral or neutral direction), the inverter frequency is lowered to perform the regeneration. Thereby, regeneration comes to be performed efficiently. This is particularly effective in a lawnmower working vehicle that frequently repeats moving forward and backward. Further, the regeneration state may be configured such that the regeneration efficiency priority mode and the brake force priority mode can be set. That is, the regeneration mode in which priority is given to the effectiveness of the brake and the regeneration efficiency priority in which the charging current is increased to increase the battery driving time may be set according to the preference of the operator.

  FIG. 10 shows a lawnmower working vehicle. FIG. 10A shows the entire side of the airframe, and FIG. 10B shows an enlargement near the mower motor 48. A mower 43 is suspended between a front wheel and a rear wheel by a mower link 44 so as to be movable up and down. The grass and turf cut by the mower 43 pass through a conveyance path (not shown) and are collected in a grass collector (collector) 49 at the rear of the machine body. When the inside of the collector 49 is full, the collector moves to a discharge place, and the collector opening / closing lever 50 is operated to raise the collector 49 and discharge the cut grass.

  The mower is lifted and lowered by the lift handle 45. The movement at this time is driven by the mower motor 48 via the large gear 46 and the small gear 47 to generate electric power, and the battery 29 is charged. As a result, the battery 29 lasts longer and fuel consumption is improved. Further, by configuring the handle 45 side as a large gear 46 and the motor 48 side as a small gear 47, the number of revolutions of the motor 48 increases and the amount of power generation increases.

  FIG. 11 shows a configuration in which power is generated by raising and lowering a grass collector (collector) 49 attached to the rear part of the lawn mower vehicle. FIG. 11A shows the entire side surface of the machine body, and FIG. 11B shows an enlargement near the collector motor 53. The collector 49 is configured to be manually moved up and down by the collector opening / closing lever 50, and the movement at this time is configured to drive the collector motor 53 via the large gear 51 and the small gear 52 to generate power and charge the battery 29. . As a result, the battery 29 lasts longer and fuel consumption is improved.

  Moreover, you may comprise so that the starting torque at the time of the forward / backward travel of the traveling motor 37 may be changed according to the amount of grass collection in the collector 49. A grass collection amount sensor (weight type or ultrasonic type) 54 is provided in the collector 49 to calculate the weight in the collector 49, and the torque of the traveling motor 37 at the start is changed according to this weight. As shown in FIG. 12, as the amount of collected grass (weight) increases, the torque increases, but the amount of change varies depending on the model, characteristics of the travel motor, and the like.

  It can also be used for general vehicles including agricultural work vehicles such as tractors and rice transplanters.

11 Working machine 13 Step 15 Engine 29 Battery 30 Storage body 31 Temperature sensor 32 Engine room 33 Pipe 34 Ventilation valve 34a Ventilation valve motor 37 Traveling motor 40 Outside air intake 41 Pipe 42 Ventilation valve 42a Ventilation valve motor

Claims (3)

  In an agricultural work vehicle such as a tractor, in which a work machine (11) is attached to the machine body and is driven by at least a travel motor (37) driven by electric power charged in a battery (29), the storage body (30) A work vehicle for agriculture, wherein the battery (29) housed in is disposed below the step (13).   An engine (15) is mounted in an engine room (32) constituting the airframe, and the engine room (32) and the storage body (30) are connected by a pipe (33) having a vent valve (34). A temperature sensor (31) for detecting the temperature in (30) is provided, and when the temperature sensor (31) detects that the performance of the battery (29) has started to deteriorate, the vent valve motor (34a) The agricultural work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation valve (34) is opened to send warm air in the engine room (32) into the housing (30).   A pipe (41) having a vent valve (42) and constituting an open air intake (40) that is open to the open air is connected to the housing (30), and the temperature at which the performance of the battery (29) begins to deteriorate. When the temperature sensor (31) detects that the temperature has risen to the upper limit, the vent valve (42) is opened by the vent valve motor (42a) to send outside air into the housing (30). The agricultural work vehicle according to 1.

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