JP2013130564A - 雲の水滴サイズ分布を決定する方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001274197 Scatophagus argus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000546 chi-square test Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000002329 Inga feuillei Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXNLCSXBJCPWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ga].[As].[In] Chemical compound [Ga].[As].[In] KXNLCSXBJCPWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】雲の水滴サイズ分布を決定する方法は、当該雲の深さを電磁放射ビームによりサンプリングすることと、当該雲から戻った電磁放射の散乱信号[ptotal(θ)]を、測定散乱曲線を与えるべく視野角レンジにわたり測定することと、当該測定散乱曲線の一部を除去することと、当該除去された一部を、推定散乱曲線を与えるべく残りの測定散乱曲線の外挿で置換することと、当該推定散乱曲線から第1推定水滴サイズ分布[n(1)(D)]を決定することから構成される。
【選択図】図4
Description
Claims (35)
- 雲の水滴サイズ分布を決定する方法であって、
前記雲の深さを電磁放射ビームによりサンプリングすることと、
前記雲から戻った電磁放射の散乱信号を、測定散乱曲線を与えるべく視野角レンジ[ptotal(θ)]にわたり測定することと、
前記測定散乱曲線の一部を除去することと、
当該除去された一部を、推定散乱曲線を与えるべく残りの前記測定散乱曲線の外挿で置換することと、
前方散乱モデルを使用して前記推定散乱曲線から第1推定水滴サイズ分布[n(1)(D)]を決定することと
を含む方法。 - 直接後方散乱モデル及び前記前方散乱モデルを使用してn(1)(D)から計算散乱曲線を与えることをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記計算散乱曲線を前記測定散乱曲線と対比して前記計算散乱曲線が前記測定散乱曲線に設定許容範囲内で従うか否かを決定することをさらに含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- n(1)(D)から第1推定水滴メジアン体積径(DMVD (1))を決定することと、
n(1)(D)から第1推定形状パラメータ(μ(1))を決定することと
をさらに含む、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記計算散乱曲線が前記測定散乱曲線に前記設定許容範囲内で従わないことに応じて値DMVD (1)を変更して、第2推定水滴メジアン体積径DMVD (2)を与えることと、
DMVD (2)及びμ1を使用して第2推定水滴サイズ分布n(2)(D)を与えることと
をさらに含む、請求項4に記載の方法。 - 前記直接後方散乱モデル及び前記前方散乱モデルを使用してn(2)(D)から第2計算散乱曲線を与えることと、
前記第2計算散乱曲線を前記測定散乱曲線と対比して前記第2計算散乱曲線が前記測定散乱曲線と前記設定許容範囲内で従うか否かを決定することと
をさらに含む、請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記第2計算散乱曲線が前記測定散乱曲線に前記設定許容範囲内で従わないことに応じて値DMVD (2)を変更して第3推定の水滴メジアン体積径(DMVD (3))を与えることをさらに含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- DMVD (3)及びμ1を使用して第3推定水滴サイズ分布[n(3)(D)]を与えることをさらに含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記直接後方散乱モデル及び前記前方散乱モデルを使用してn(3)(D)から第3計算散乱曲線を与えることと、
前記第3計算散乱曲線を前記測定散乱曲線と対比して前記第3計算散乱曲線が前記測定散乱曲線と前記設定許容範囲内で従うか否かを決定することと
をさらに含む、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記測定散乱曲線はカットオフ角未満の視野角において除去される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記カットオフ角は前記電磁放射ビームの発散角である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 残りの前記測定散乱曲線の外挿が、前記カットオフ角において前記残りの前記散乱曲線と一致しかつθ=0において消滅する条件を満たす、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記測定散乱曲線の除去された一部は、前記電磁放射の直接後方散乱に対応する信号[pdirect(θ)]を含み、
前記残りの前記測定散乱曲線は、前記電磁放射の前方散乱に対応する信号[pscat(θ)]を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。 - 前記推定散乱曲線は、前記電磁放射の前記前方散乱の第1推定[p(1) scat(θ)]を与える、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記第3計算散乱は測定散乱曲線に設定許容範囲内で従い、最大検出可能水滴径を超える径を有する水滴の分布がn(3)(D)により説明される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- n(3)(D)を使用して有効水滴径(Deff)を決定することをさらに含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- Deffを使用して前記雲の含水率を決定することをさらに含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 第n計算散乱曲線が前記測定散乱曲線に前記設定許容範囲内で従わないことに応じて値DMVD(n)を変更して前記水滴メジアン体積径の第n+1推定[DMVD (n+1)]を与えることをさらに含み、
nは3より大きな整数である、請求項9に記載の方法。 - DMVD (n+1)及びμ1を使用して第(n+1)推定水滴サイズ分布[n(n+1)(D)]を与えることをさらに含む、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記直接後方散乱モデル及び前記前方散乱モデルを使用してn(n+1)(D)から第(n+1)計算散乱曲線を与えることをさらに含み、
前記第(n+1)計算散乱曲線は前記測定散乱曲線に前記設定許容範囲内で従う、請求項24に記載の方法。 - n(n+1)(D)を使用して前記有効水滴径(Deff)を決定することをさらに含む、請求項25に記載の方法。
- Deffを使用して前記雲の含水率を決定することをさらに含む、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記測定散乱曲線はカットオフ角未満の視野角において除去される、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記カットオフ角は前記電磁放射ビームの発散角である、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記測定散乱曲線の除去された一部は、前記電磁放射の直接後方散乱に対応する信号[pdirect(θ)]を含み、
前記残りの前記測定散乱曲線は、前記電磁放射の前方散乱に対応する信号[pscat(θ)]を含む、請求項29に記載の方法。 - 前記推定散乱曲線は、前記電磁放射の前記前方散乱の第1推定[p(1) scat(θ)]を与える、請求項30に記載の方法。
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US13/280,877 US8831884B2 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2011-10-25 | Methods of determining water droplet size distributions of clouds |
US13/280,877 | 2011-10-25 |
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EP (1) | EP2587277B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6199542B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103072695B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2012203742A1 (ja) |
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CN103072695B (zh) | 2016-12-21 |
AU2012203742A1 (en) | 2013-05-09 |
CA2780525A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
BR102012019441B1 (pt) | 2020-10-27 |
CN103072695A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
BR102012019441A2 (pt) | 2013-11-05 |
US8831884B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 |
EP2587277B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
US20130103316A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
EP2587277A1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
JP6199542B2 (ja) | 2017-09-20 |
CA2780525C (en) | 2020-09-22 |
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