JP2013111709A - Tool for processing inner-diameter groove - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a stable processing tool without a tool edge damage, by suppressing winding of chips around a tool in the processing of an inner-diameter groove of a pipe.SOLUTION: A T-slot cutter structure includes a plurality of cutting edges, which have predetermined rake angles at each tip and are provided radially at the tip of a bar-shaped tool body that can rotate around its axis to cut a work in a direction of rotation, and ejection ports, which are provided in the tool body, adjacent to the side of the end part of the tool body, to a line of connecting the edge widths of the cutting edges adjoining each other, between the adjacent cutting edges, to eject fluid.

Description

The present invention relates to machining of an inner diameter groove of a pipe, and relates to a machining tool which can be machined with high accuracy without a tool blade loss even in a deep groove.

In the conventional inner diameter groove processing, it is common to perform processing using an inner diameter cutting tool.

JP 58-211802 A

In the processing of the inner diameter groove, when the groove width is narrow and the depth is deep, the tool blade to be applied is thin and long, so that the rigidity is low and the tool blade is easily damaged. Further, it is difficult for chips from cutting to be discharged from the groove portion, resulting in tool blade damage and damage to the product due to chip clogging. In particular, the machining with a bite tool disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-212102 (see Patent Document 1) is a continuous connection of chips, which causes a tool blade loss due to winding around the tool. Further, when machining to the back of the pipe, the tool length becomes longer, the tool rigidity further decreases, chatter vibration is likely to occur, and the tool blade loss and the finished surface finish deteriorate.

Due to these factors, it is necessary to cut the cutting conditions such as cutting and feed speed, and the processing time is long. Further, in order to remove chips, a cleaning operation is required to stop the machine every time processing is performed and remove chips by human work, and continuous operation of the equipment cannot be performed unattended. Therefore, it has been a problem to efficiently remove chips without reducing cutting conditions.

An inner diameter grooving tool according to the present invention includes a plurality of cutting blades that have a predetermined rake angle at a cutting edge, are provided radially at the tip of a rod-shaped tool body that can rotate around an axis, and cut in a rotating direction. And between the adjacent cutting blades, provided on the tool main body adjacent to the end side of the tool main body with respect to a line connecting the blade widths of the adjacent cutting blades, and ejects liquid And a spout.

According to this invention, in the processing of the pipe inner diameter groove, the wrapping of chips around the tool is suppressed, and a stable processing tool free from tool blade loss can be obtained.

It is the schematic diagram showing the tool for internal diameter grooves processing and the processing method in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the shape of the tool for internal diameter grooves processing in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure showing the processing state when processing an internal diameter groove | channel using the three types of internal diameter groove processing tools in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state when ejecting cutting fluid from the front-end | tip of the tool for internal diameter grooving in this Embodiment 1 toward the blade edge | tip of a cutting blade. It is a figure showing the blade edge | tip shape of the cutting blade of the internal diameter groove processing tool in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the shape of the tool for internal diameter grooves processing in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the shape of the tool for internal diameter grooves processing in Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, in order to clarify the configuration of the present invention, an example of an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 are schematic views showing a machining tool and a machining method for inner diameter grooving that represent Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an inner diameter groove machining tool and a machining method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a pipe material which is a workpiece, 2 is an inner diameter groove, and 3 is an inner diameter. It is a T slot cutter of a groove processing tool.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the shape of an inner diameter grooving tool according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 2, 4 is a cutting blade of a T-slot cutter, 5 is a minimum tool neck, 6 is a taper neck, Is a shank. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a machining state when machining an inner diameter groove using the three types of inner diameter groove machining tools according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 3, 8 is a shallow portion of the inner diameter groove. T-slot cutter 9 for machining, T-slot cutter 9 for machining an intermediate groove depth, and 10 T-slot cutter for machining the deepest groove.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state when the cutting fluid is ejected from the tip of the inner diameter grooving tool according to the first embodiment of the present invention toward the cutting edge of the cutting blade 4. In FIG. The through-hole exit part from which is ejected, 12 shows a through-hole part. FIG. 5 is a view showing the shape of the cutting edge 4 of the cutting tool 4 of the inner diameter grooving tool according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 5, 13 is a rake angle of the cutting blade 4, and 14 is a cutting blade groove part. Show.

Next, an outline of the pipe will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention is applied to a part having a plurality of inner diameter grooves 2 inside the pipe 1 and a structure in which the inner diameter of the pipe is tapered and one side is widened. The outer diameter of the pipe is about 50 to 70 mm, and the inner diameter is a thin inner diameter shape from a minimum φ24 mm to a maximum φ50 mm. A narrow and deep inner diameter groove 2 is formed on the inner diameter of the thin pipe. The inner diameter groove 2 has a width of 2 to 6.4 mm and a depth of 6 to 10 mm, and the narrowest and deepest groove has a width of 2 mm and a depth of 10 mm. Moreover, each inner diameter groove | channel 2 is requested | required of coaxiality, and if it processes from both sides, coaxiality cannot be satisfied. Therefore, it is processing from one side.

The shape of the T slot cutter 3 as a tool will be described. In FIG. 2, the cutting blade 4 of the T slot cutter has a plurality of blades radially. By having a plurality of blades, the cutting resistance applied to the cutting blade 4 at the time of cutting is dispersed, and the tool blade loss is reduced even if the tool rigidity is low. Although the number of blades varies depending on the size of the cutting blade diameter, for example, when the pipe inner diameter is a minimum of 24 mm, there are six blades. The diameter of the cutting blade 4 is φ23.5 mm, which is 0.5 mm smaller than the minimum inner diameter in order to prevent interference with the tool. The blade width of the cutting blade 4 is determined by the groove shape, and the blade width is determined by taking into account the clearance of the chip from 0.2 mm from the minimum groove width, and since the minimum groove width is 2 mm, the blade width of the cutting edge 4 is 1.8 mm.

The tool body includes a minimum tool neck 5, a taper neck 6, and a shank 7.
The diameter of the minimum tool neck 5 is determined by the pipe inner diameter shape. When the minimum inner diameter of the pipe 1 is 24 mm and the maximum groove depth is 10 mm, the diameter of the minimum tool neck 5 is 3 mm in consideration of interference during processing. Further, the shape of the taper neck 6 is also determined from the inner diameter of the pipe, and when the deepest groove of the inner diameter groove 2 is machined, the tool 3 is shaped to be 0.5 mm away from the position closest to the inner diameter of the pipe. In addition, the shank 7 needs to have a shank diameter and a length that do not interfere with the pipe 1 because it becomes a place where the tool is gripped on the machine side. The shank diameter is determined by the pipe inner diameter shape, and the tool rigidity can be increased by increasing it to the maximum.However, as the shank diameter increases, the weight increases and it becomes difficult to grasp the tool. The shank diameter is set to φ20 mm. As described above, the shape of the T-slot cutter 3 is set according to the shape of the pipe inner diameter and the inner diameter groove 2, but it is necessary to use an appropriate tool shape in consideration of chip disposal.

Next, a processing method of the inner diameter groove 2 in the pipe 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In processing the inner diameter groove 2, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the T slot cutter 3 is divided into a plurality of parts. When machining a thin and deep groove, as described above, the diameter of the cutting blade 4 is large, the minimum tool neck 5 is thinned, the tool rigidity is low, and the tool blade is easily damaged. Therefore, processing conditions such as cutting and cutting feed cannot be increased. Therefore, in order to increase the tool rigidity and raise the machining conditions, the tools are used differently for each groove depth.

As shown in FIG. 3A, when machining a shallow portion of the inner diameter groove 2, a tool 8 in which the diameter of the cutting blade 4 is reduced and the diameter of the minimum tool neck 5 is increased is applied. By doing so, the tool rigidity is increased and the machining conditions can be raised. When machining the inner groove 2 to a depth of 5 mm, the diameter of the minimum tool neck 5 is increased to 16 mm.

Next, as shown in FIG.3 (b), the tool 9 made into the tool shape for processing the depth of the internal diameter groove | channel 2 to 9 mm is applied. By doing this, not only the machining conditions are improved by improving the tool rigidity, but also the tool wear can be dispersed and the tool blade loss can be suppressed.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the weakest tool 10 for processing the depth of the final inner diameter groove 2 is limited to the minimum processing, the tool blade loss is suppressed, and the entire inner diameter groove processing time. Can be reduced, and efficient processing can be performed.

Next, a method for improving chip disposal will be described with reference to FIG. Adjacent to the shank 7 side to the line connecting the blade widths of the respective cutting blades 4 to the tool neck 5 between the roots of the adjacent cutting blades 4 so that the cutting fluid 15 can be sprayed to the cutting blades 4 of the T-slot cutter 3 Then, the through-hole exit portion 11 is provided, and further, the through-hole 12 is provided in the axial direction of the tool 3 and connected to the through-hole exit portion 11 so that sufficient cutting fluid 15 reaches the cutting edge. By injecting the cutting fluid 15 from the base of the cutting blade 4, chips at the time of cutting can flow out from the inside of the groove to the outside of the groove, and it becomes possible to suppress tool blade loss due to chip clogging.

  A plurality of through-hole exit portions 11 may be provided in the tool neck 5 at the base of the cutting blade 4 so as to branch into a plurality from the through-hole 12 and to be provided at a plurality of locations in the tool rotation direction. By providing a plurality of through-hole exit portions 11, sufficient cutting fluid 15 can reach the cutting edges of the respective cutting blades 4, and chips during cutting can be more smoothly removed in the groove than when the through-hole exit portion 11 is provided alone. The effect of suppressing the tool blade loss due to clogging of chips can be improved more than the case where the through-hole outlet portion 11 is used alone.

The shape of the cutting blade 4 is also a structure for improving chip disposal and cutting performance. FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of the cutting blade 4 and, for example, the rake angle 13 is set to 10 degrees ± 1 degree in order to improve the machinability and maintain the tool rigidity. In addition, the cutting blade groove portion 14 has an R shape so that when the chips enter the cutting blade groove portion 14, the cutting blade shape is such that the chips smoothly escape to the outside. It becomes.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the shape of the inner diameter groove machining tool according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A is a front view of the inner diameter grooving tool viewed from the direction of the rotation axis, and FIG. 6B is a three-sided view enlarging part A of FIG. In FIG. 6, the blade width in the rotation direction of the cutting blade 4 is tapered and gradually narrows from the width 16 on the front side in the rotation direction of the cutting blade 4 toward the width 17 on the rear side. The taper angle 18 of the taper shape is, for example, 3 to 5 degrees. Thus, by narrowing the blade width in the rotational direction of the cutting blade 4 in a tapered shape from the front side to the rear side in the rotational direction, the chips smoothly escape to the outside of the cutting blade 4 and the tool is clogged with chips. Blade loss can be suppressed.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a view showing the shape of the inner diameter groove machining tool according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In Embodiment 3 of the present invention, the cutting blade groove portion 14 of the cutting blade 4 has an R shape, and the blade width in the rotational direction of the cutting blade 4 is reduced in a tapered shape from the front side to the rear side in the rotational direction. It is. By using the cutting blade 4 having such a shape, the effect of the first embodiment of the present invention and the effect of the second embodiment of the present invention are superimposed, and the effect of suppressing tool blade loss due to chip clogging is improved.

1 Pipe material 2 Inner groove 3 T slot cutter (Inner groove processing tool)
4 T-slot cutter cutting blade 5 Minimum tool neck 6 Tapered neck 7 Shank 8 T-slot cutter 9 for machining shallow inner groove T-slot cutter 10 for machining intermediate groove depth T-slot cutter 11 for machining deepest groove Through Hall exit (spout)
12 Through hole 13 Rake angle 14 Cutting blade groove 15 Cutting fluid 16 Blade width 17 on the front side in the rotation direction of the cutting blade 17 Blade width 18 on the rear side in the rotation direction of the cutting blade Taper angle

Claims (4)

A plurality of cutting blades having a predetermined rake angle at the cutting edge and radially provided at the tip of a rod-shaped tool body rotatable around an axis, and cutting in the rotation direction;
A spout provided in the tool body adjacent to the end of the tool body with respect to a line connecting the blade widths of the adjacent cutting blades between the adjacent cutting blades and ejecting liquid A tool for machining the inner diameter groove. The inner diameter grooving tool according to claim 1, wherein the ejection port ejects liquid in a cutting edge direction of the cutting blade. The internal cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting blade has an arc on the front side in the rotation direction of the connecting portion with the tool body. 4. The inner diameter grooving tool according to claim 1, wherein a cutting width of the cutting blade gradually decreases from the front to the rear in the rotation direction.

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