JP2010149220A - Formed cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a formed cutter for restraining tool wear and prolonging the service life of the tool by sufficiently supplying coolant to the surrounding of the outer periphery cutting blade for cutting, and for improving cutting performance by preventing deterioration and degrading of a workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: The formed cutter is equipped with a plurality of the outer periphery cutting blades 21 taperedly formed toward an end side of the tool while crest parts 31-33 and trough parts 34-36 are alternately and continuously arranged around its axis core. The formed cutter is provided with: a coolant supply passage 51 injecting the coolant supplied inside the tool through the end of the outer periphery cutting blade 21; and cutting face side branch passages 52-55 and flank side branch passages 56-59 branching from the coolant supply passage 51 and injecting the coolant from a cutting face 41 and a flank 42 of the outer periphery cutting blade 21. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a general-purpose milling cutter in which cutting performance is improved by injecting coolant supplied into a tool from an outer peripheral cutting edge to increase the coolant effect.

  Conventionally, when machining is performed using a cutting tool such as a drill or an end mill, the cutting resistance is reduced by injecting the coolant toward the outer peripheral cutting edge and the workpiece machining portion, and the cutting tool and workpiece The frictional heat is suppressed to prevent tool seizure and machining errors due to workpiece thermal deformation. Also, in recent years, in order to enhance the above-mentioned effects by the coolant and further improve the chip discharge performance, a coolant that is supplied into the tool and sprayed from the tip of the outer peripheral cutting edge has been widely put into practical use. Has been. Such a conventional cutting tool is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP-A-6-335815

  In the conventional cutting tool, since cutting is performed at the tip of the outer peripheral cutting edge, an injection port for injecting coolant may be provided at the tip. However, for example, in a cutting tool for grooving such as a general-purpose milling machine, grinding is performed using the entire outer peripheral cutting edge, and furthermore, since the shape thereof is complicated, an injection port is formed only at the tip portion. If the is provided, there is a possibility that the coolant does not spread sufficiently between the tool and the workpiece. As a result, the peripheral cutting edge is easily worn, the tool life is shortened, and the work is deteriorated or deteriorated.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and by sufficiently supplying coolant around the outer peripheral cutting edge involved in cutting, the tool wear is suppressed and the tool life is prolonged. An object of the present invention is to provide a general-purpose milling cutter capable of preventing deterioration and deterioration of a workpiece and improving machinability.

A general-purpose milling machine according to the first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
As it goes to the tool tip side, it is a general-purpose milling cutter having a plurality of outer peripheral cutting edges formed in a tapered shape while continuously connecting ridges and valleys around its axis,
A coolant supply passage for supplying coolant supplied to the inside of the tool to the crest and trough;
A branch passage that branches off from the coolant supply passage and injects coolant from at least one of the rake face, flank face, and back face of the outer peripheral cutting edge is provided.

The general-purpose milling machine according to the second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
The branch passage is
As it goes from the coolant supply passage to the rake face, the flank face, and the back face, the tool is inclined toward the tip of the tool or orthogonal to the coolant supply passage.

A general-purpose milling cutter according to a third invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is as follows.
A flank face branch passage that branches off from the coolant supply passage and communicates with the jet of the flank face;
The injection port is open to the tool tip side inclined surface of the peak and the tool base side inclined surface of the valley, or the top of the peak.

A general-purpose milling cutter according to a fourth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
The coolant supply passage is provided for each outer peripheral cutting edge.

  According to the general-purpose milling cutter according to the present invention, the coolant is injected from the rake face, the flank face, and the back face of the outer peripheral cutting edge involved in the cutting, thereby effectively performing the lubrication, cooling, and chip discharging actions by the coolant. be able to. Thereby, since tool wear can be suppressed, the tool life can be prolonged. Moreover, since deterioration and deterioration of the workpiece can be prevented, the machinability can be improved.

  Hereinafter, a general-purpose milling machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a side view of a general-purpose milling cutter according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a blade portion, and FIGS. 3A to 3D are sectional views taken along arrows AA in FIG. DD is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a workpiece grooved by a total milling cutter.

  The general-purpose milling machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is moved with respect to the workpiece W by being rotated around its axis by a machine tool such as a milling machine or a machining center (not shown) and being moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis. Groove processing is performed.

  Here, the workpiece W to be machined by the general-purpose milling cutter 1 is a rotating shaft of a steam turbine or a gas turbine, for example, as shown in FIG. Thereby, the cutting groove 100 is formed. Then, the base end of the turbine blade 200 is fitted into the cutting groove 100.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the cutting groove 100 is symmetrical with respect to the center line as in an inverted Christmas tree, and becomes gradually narrower while increasing or decreasing the groove width toward the groove depth direction. And three wide portions 101, 102, 103. These wide portions 101, 102, 103 are formed at predetermined intervals in the groove depth direction, and their width dimension is smaller at deeper positions (groove bottom side).

  As shown in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 3 (a)-(d), the general-purpose milling cutter 1 is comprised from the shank 11 by the side of a tool base end, and the blade part 12 by the side of a tool front end. The shank 11 is a part that is attached to the spindle of the machine tool. On the other hand, the blade portion 12 is provided with a plurality (three in the figure) of outer peripheral cutting edges 21 at equiangular intervals around the axis, and a chip discharge groove 23 is provided between the outer peripheral cutting edges 21. Is formed.

  The outer peripheral cutting edge 21 gradually decreases in diameter as the cutting edge diameter increases and decreases toward the tip side of the tool (axial direction), and the bottom edge 22 is continuously formed by connecting the tips. Yes. That is, the outer peripheral cutting edge 21 corresponds to the shape of the wide portions 101, 102, 103 of the cutting groove 100, and the three crest portions 31, 32, 33 and trough portions 34, 35 are directed toward the tool tip side. , 36 are alternately tapered to form a tapered shape.

  The peaks 31 to 33 have base end side inclined surfaces (curved surfaces) 31a, 32a, 33a and distal end side inclined surfaces (curved surfaces) 31b, 32b, 33b. It has base end side inclined surfaces (curved surfaces) 34b, 35b, 36b and distal end side inclined surfaces (curved surfaces) 34a, 35a, 36a. Further, the outer peripheral cutting edge 21 is formed with a rake face 41, a flank face 42, and a back face 43, and a corner formed by the rake face 41 and the flank face 42 forms a cutting edge 44.

  In addition, the base end side inclined surface 31a and the front end side inclined surface 34a, the front end side inclined surface 31b and the base end side inclined surface 35b, the base end side inclined surface 32a and the front end side inclined surface 35a, and the front end side inclined surface 32b and the base end side The inclined surface 36b, the proximal-side inclined surface 33a, and the distal-side inclined surface 36a are the same surface.

  Further, a coolant supply passage 51 is formed concentrically with the shaft center in the overall milling cutter 1. The coolant supply passage 51 is a through hole that communicates with a coolant supply source on the machine tool side when the shank 11 is mounted on the spindle of the machine tool, and an injection port 51a is formed on the tool tip side. Yes. The injection port 51 a is opened at the tip of the bottom blade 22.

  The coolant supply passage 51 includes rake face side branch passages 52, 53, 54, 55 and flank face side branch passages 56, 57, 58, at positions corresponding to the peaks 31 to 33 and the valleys 34 to 36. 59 is communicated. These branch passages 52 to 55 and 56 to 59 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the tool, and are arranged radially with the coolant supply passage 51 as the center, and the tool passes from the coolant supply passage 51 toward the outer side in the radial direction. It is provided so as to be inclined toward the tip side.

  Further, injection ports 52 a, 53 a, 54 a, 55 a are formed on the tip side of the rake face side branch passages 52 to 55, and these injection holes 52 a to 55 a are grooves of the chip discharge groove 23 on the rake face 41. Opened to the bottom. On the other hand, injection ports 56 a, 57 a, 58 a, 59 a are formed at the distal end side of the flank side branch passages 56 to 59, and the injection port 56 a is opened to the base end side inclined surface 34 b of the valley portion 34. At the same time, the injection ports 57a, 58a, 59a are opened in the tip side inclined surfaces 31b-33b of the peaks 31-33. Thereby, the injection ports 56a-58a will oppose the base end side inclined surfaces 31a-33a of the peak parts 31-33 adjacent to the tool front end side rather than it.

  Therefore, when grooving the workpiece W using the entire mill 1, the entire mill 1 mounted on the main spindle of the machine tool is rotated around the axis while the fixed workpiece W is rotated. Then, it is moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis. Thereby, the cutting groove 100 is formed in the outer peripheral part of the workpiece W. Then, by repeatedly performing the groove processing described above while indexing and rotating the workpiece W, a predetermined number of the cutting grooves 100 can be processed on the outer peripheral portion thereof.

  In such a general-purpose milling machine 1 at the time of grooving, coolant is supplied from a coolant supply source. The supplied coolant is not only injected from the injection port 51a of the coolant supply passage 51, but also injected from the injection ports 52a to 55a of the rake face side branch passages 52 to 55 and flank side branch passages 56 to 59. It will also be injected from the mouths 56a-59a.

  At this time, since the branch passages 52 to 55 and 56 to 59 are inclined toward the tool tip side toward the injection ports 52a to 55a and 56a to 59a, the coolant supply passage 51 and the branch passages 52 to 55 and 56 to 59 are provided. The coolant is diverted smoothly at the branch between the two.

  Further, the coolant injected from the injection ports 52 a to 55 a flows on the rake face 41 toward the cutting edge 44 due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the general-purpose milling cutter 1. As a result, chips generated by cutting the blade edge 44 are quickly discharged from the chip discharge groove 23 after being peeled off.

  On the other hand, since the coolant sprayed from the spray ports 56a to 59a is supplied between the flank 42 and the cutting groove 100, they are lubricated and cooled. Thereby, wear of the rake face 41, the flank face 42, and the cutting edge 44 is suppressed, and alteration and deterioration of the cutting groove 100 are prevented.

  Furthermore, since the injection ports 56a to 58a are opposed to the base-side inclined surfaces 31a to 33a of the peaks 31 to 33, when the outer peripheral cutting edge 21 does not cut, the coolant injected from these injection ports 56a to 58a is Then, the base end side inclined surfaces 31a to 33a are directly supplied. The inclined surfaces 101a, 102a, and 103a of the wide portions 101, 102, and 103 cut by the proximal-side inclined surfaces 31a to 33a receive high surface pressure from the turbine blades 200 during turbine rotation, and therefore require high surface accuracy. (Refer to FIG. 6). Therefore, as described above, the coolant is directly supplied to the base-side inclined surfaces 31a to 33a, so that not only the wear of the peaks 31 to 33 that receive the highest cutting resistance is suppressed, but also the wide portions 101, The surface accuracy of 102 and 103 is improved.

  In the embodiment described above, the injection ports 52a to 55a of the rake face side branch passages 52 to 55 branched from the coolant supply passage 51 are opened to the rake face 41, but branched from the coolant supply passage 51. A rear side branch passage may be provided, and this injection port may be opened in the rear surface 43. Even in such a configuration, the coolant injected from the injection port flows on the rake face 41 toward the cutting edge 44 due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the general-purpose milling cutter 1.

  Therefore, according to the general-purpose milling cutter 1 according to the present invention, by injecting coolant from the rake face 41 and the flank face 42 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 21 involved in cutting, the action of lubrication, cooling, and chip discharge by the coolant is achieved. Can be done effectively. Thereby, since tool wear can be suppressed, the tool life can be prolonged. Moreover, since the quality change and deterioration of the cutting groove 100 can be prevented, the machinability can be improved.

  4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a blade portion in a total slice according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5A to 5D are sectional views taken along arrows EE to HH in FIG. FIG. In the following second embodiment, members having the same structure and function as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 (a) to 5 (b), a coolant supply passage 61 is formed in the general-purpose milling cutter 1 for each of the three outer peripheral cutting edges 21 so as to be parallel to the axis thereof. ing. These coolant supply passages 61 are through holes that communicate with the coolant supply source on the machine tool side by mounting the shank 11 on the spindle of the machine tool, and an injection port 61a is formed on the tool tip side. ing. The injection port 61 a is opened at the tip of the bottom blade 22.

  Further, the coolant supply passage 61 has rear side branch passages 62, 63, 64, 65 and flank side branch passages 66, 67, 68, 69 at positions corresponding to the peaks 31 to 33 and the valleys 34 to 36. Is communicated. These branch passages 62 to 65 and 66 to 69 are provided so as to be inclined toward the tool tip side from the coolant supply passage 61 toward the outer side in the radial direction.

  Further, injection ports 62 a, 63 a, 64 a, 65 a are formed at the front end sides of the rear side branch passages 62 to 65, and these injection ports 62 a to 65 a are formed on the groove bottom side of the chip discharge groove 23 on the back surface 43. It is open. On the other hand, injection ports 66 a, 67 a, 68 a, 69 a are formed at the distal end side of the flank side branch passages 66 to 69, and the injection port 66 a is opened to the base end side inclined surface 34 b of the valley portion 34. At the same time, the injection ports 67a, 68a, 69a are opened in the tip side inclined surfaces 31b-33b of the peaks 31-33. Thereby, the injection ports 66a-68a will oppose the base end side inclined surfaces 31a-33a of the peak parts 31-33 adjacent to the tool front end side rather than it.

  In the above-described embodiment, the coolant supply passage 61 is provided so as to be parallel to the axial center of the overall milling cutter 1, but the tool tip side is along the tapered contour of the outer peripheral cutting edge 21. You may make it incline so that it may approach the axial center as it goes to.

  Accordingly, the coolant supplied into the overall milling machine 1 at the time of grooving is not only injected from the injection port 61a of the coolant supply passage 61, but also the injection ports 62a to 65a of the rear side branch passages 62 to 65, and It will also be injected from the injection ports 66a-69a of the flank branch passages 66-69.

  At this time, since the branch passages 62 to 65 and 66 to 69 are inclined toward the tool tip side toward the injection ports 62a to 65a and 66a to 69a, the coolant supply passage 61 and the branch passages 62 to 65, 66 to 69 are provided. The coolant is diverted smoothly at the branch between the two.

  Further, the coolant sprayed from the spray ports 62 a to 65 a flows toward the cutting edge 44 after reaching the rake face 41 in the rotational direction rearward from the back surface 43 due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the general-purpose milling cutter 1. As a result, chips generated by cutting the blade edge 44 are quickly discharged from the chip discharge groove 23 after being peeled off.

  On the other hand, since the coolant injected from the injection ports 66a to 69a is supplied between the flank 42 and the cutting groove 100, they are lubricated and cooled. Thereby, wear of the rake face 41, the flank face 42, and the cutting edge 44 is suppressed, and alteration and deterioration of the cutting groove 100 are prevented.

  Furthermore, since the injection ports 66a to 68a are opposed to the base-side inclined surfaces 31a to 33a of the peaks 31 to 33, when the outer peripheral cutting edge 21 does not cut, the coolant injected from these injection ports 66a to 68a is Then, the base end side inclined surfaces 31a to 33a are directly supplied. The inclined surfaces 101a, 102a, and 103a of the wide portions 101, 102, and 103 cut by the proximal-side inclined surfaces 31a to 33a receive high surface pressure from the turbine blades 200 during turbine rotation, and therefore require high surface accuracy. (Refer to FIG. 6). Therefore, as described above, the coolant is directly supplied to the base-side inclined surfaces 31a to 33a, so that not only the wear of the peaks 31 to 33 that receive the highest cutting resistance is suppressed, but also the wide portions 101, The surface accuracy of 102 and 103 is improved.

  Therefore, according to the general-purpose milling cutter 1 according to the present invention, by injecting the coolant from the flank 42 and the back surface 43 of the outer peripheral cutting edge 21 involved in cutting, the effects of lubrication, cooling, and chip discharge by the coolant are effective. Can be done automatically. Thereby, since tool wear can be suppressed, the tool life can be prolonged. Moreover, since the quality change and deterioration of the cutting groove 100 can be prevented, the machinability can be improved.

  In the two embodiments described above, the coolant supply passages 51 and 61 are through holes having the injection ports 51a and 61a. However, the coolant supply passages 51 and 61 may not penetrate to the tip of the blade portion 12 (bottom blade 22). I do not care. The branch passages 52 to 55, 56 to 59, 62 to 65, 66 to 69 are provided so as to be inclined toward the tool tip side toward the rake face 41, the flank face 42, and the rear face 43. 51 and 61 may be provided so as to be orthogonal to each other. In such a configuration, the injection ports 57a to 59a and 67a to 69a of the flank side branch passages 57 to 59 and 67 to 69 are opened at the tops of the peaks 31 to 33.

  The present invention can be applied to a machine tool including a coolant amount control device capable of controlling a coolant supply amount.

It is a side view of the total form milling machine concerning the 1st example of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a blade part. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2, FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the blade part in the total shape slice which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 4, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. 4, FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along line GG in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line H-H in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the workpiece | work grooved by the total shape milling machine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 General form milling cutter 11 Shank 12 Blade part 21 Peripheral cutting edge 22 Bottom blade 23 Chip discharge groove 31-33 Mountain part 31a-33a Base end side inclined surface 31b-33b Tip side inclined surface 34-36 Valley part 34a-36a Tip side Inclined surfaces 34b to 36b Proximal end inclined surface 41 Rake face 42 Relief face 43 Back face 44 Cutting edge 51, 61 Coolant supply passages 52 to 55 Rake face side branch passages 56 to 59, 66 to 69 Relief face side branch passages 62 to 65 Back face Side branch passage W Workpiece 100 Cutting grooves 101, 102, 103 Wide portions 101a, 102a, 103a Inclined surface 200 Turbine blade

Claims (4)

As it goes to the tool tip side, it is a general-purpose milling cutter having a plurality of outer peripheral cutting edges formed in a tapered shape while continuously connecting ridges and valleys around its axis,
A coolant supply passage for supplying coolant supplied to the inside of the tool to the crest and trough;
A general-purpose milling machine comprising a branch passage that branches off from the coolant supply passage and injects coolant from at least one of a rake face, a flank face, and a back face of the outer peripheral cutting edge. The overall milling cutter according to claim 1,
The branch passage is
A general-purpose milling cutter that is inclined toward the tool tip side or perpendicular to the coolant supply passage from the coolant supply passage toward the rake face, the flank face, and the back face. In the overall milling cutter according to claim 1 or 2,
A flank face branch passage that branches off from the coolant supply passage and communicates with the jet of the flank face;
The injection port is opened at the tool tip side inclined surface of the peak portion and the tool base side inclined surface of the valley portion, or the top portion of the peak portion. The overall shape milling cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An overall milling machine, wherein the coolant supply passage is provided for each outer peripheral cutting edge.

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