JP2013111534A - Method for purifying soil, and double electrode cylinder, single electrode cylinder, electrode rod, electrode cylinder installation device and portable soil pollutant removing device used for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an effective and inexpensive method for removing a pollutant inside soil allowing reduction in the content of the pollutant inside the soil and the amount of polluted soil, and to provide a double electrode cylinder, a single electrode cylinder, an electrode rod, an electrode cylinder installation device and a portable soil pollutant removing device used for the method for removing a pollutant inside soil.SOLUTION: In this method for purifying the soil by installing a negative electrode and a positive electrode in the polluted soil and carrying electricity between both the electrodes, a plurality of holes for installing the negative electrode and the positive electrode are preset, the electrodes are installed in the holes, electricity is carried to purify the soil, and thereafter, the preset negative electrode and positive electrode are transferred to other positions according to the progress of a purification level. The double electrode cylinder, the single electrode cylinder, the electrode rod, the electrode cylinder installation device and the portable soil pollutant removing device are used for the method.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electrode installation method based on an electrical repair method for contaminated soil, a double electrode cylinder, a single electrode cylinder, an electrode rod and an electrode cylinder installation apparatus used therefor, and a portable soil contaminant removal apparatus.

There are two methods for soil purification: in-situ purification method and post-digging purification method. In-situ purification methods include electrical restoration methods, underground containment methods for pollutants, insolubilization methods, and excavation removal methods. Of these, the electrical restoration method is effective for refining fine-grained soil, can reduce the concentration of pollutants systematically, and is widely used because it can be applied to soils that are difficult to permeate, such as clay. .
In addition, cleaning methods and chemical treatment methods are used in the post-digging purification method, but in the post-digging purification method it is difficult to apply effectively to fine-grained soil such as clay, and fine-grained soil is washed out. Therefore, there are problems such as requiring a large amount of water. The chemical treatment method is a method that injects chemicals into the contaminated soil to insolubilize the pollutant. However, if the pollutant is radioactive, it cannot be detoxified by insolubilization. It is necessary to desorb and separate the material from the soil and then add a drug, and there is a need for a method for desorbing and separating contaminants from the soil before the drug is loaded.

However, technical problems have been pointed out with respect to the electrical repair method in the following points.
1. In the electrical restoration method that requires a long removal period, heavy metals or radioactive substances adsorbed on the soil (hereinafter referred to as “heavy metals or radioactive substances”) are desorbed into the soil interstitial water in order to sufficiently proceed with purification. Although it is necessary, heavy metals and the like were not easily desorbed at this time, and the purification period was long. For this purpose, development of technology that promotes acidification of the soil and promotes desorption of heavy metals, etc., removal at a stage where adsorption of heavy metals etc. to the soil does not progress, or technology for taking out soil particles adsorbing heavy metals etc. from the soil It has been requested.
2. When reducing the concentration of heavy metal hydroxides, etc., when the soil is energized, the heavy metal ions that have moved in the direction of the electrode by electrophoresis and electroosmosis combine with the hydroxide ions generated from the cathode between the negative and positive electrodes to form hydroxides. It becomes difficult to collect and remove as a solution because it settles between soil particles.
3. Although the amount of electricity consumed per unit purification area required for the electrical restoration method that requires a large amount of electrical energy is small, the purification period is long, so that the power consumed during the purification period is large.
4). The potential gradient that occurs after energization, where the potential gradient of the soil becomes uneven and the electrical energy efficiency decreases, is a gentle gradient close to a straight line from the anode to the cathode immediately after energization. As a result of the formation of a region where the potential difference is small and the potential gradient is small, and a region where the potential difference between the anode and the potential gradient is large and the potential gradient is small, a non-uniform gradient is generated that causes a step in the potential gradient (hereinafter referred to as “potential gap”). The efficiency of the electric energy input is reduced.
5. Electrode materials with high electrode rod consumption are particularly strong in acid and alkaline environments, so the anode rod is particularly exhausted, and depending on the material, the cathode rod is also consumed at a considerable rate. Is indispensable.
6). It is necessary to adjust the soil properties of the soil after purification because the soil is strongly acidified, so the soil after purification is acidic. Therefore, it is necessary to neutralize the soil acidity for the purpose of preventing heavy metals in the soil from eluting again or depending on the subsequent use of the land.
7). Of the soils that are contaminated and accumulated with highly water-soluble radioactive materials such as cesium, the major challenge is to reduce the amount of soil that is contaminated above a certain level, and these contaminated soils are distributed locally and widely. Therefore, there is a demand for a method for easily reducing the amount of contaminated soil using a decontamination apparatus.

In order to solve the above problems, a number of patent applications have already been filed, and for example, the invention described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.

JP 2003-154350 A

In this invention, after applying a DC voltage to contaminated soil containing moisture using an electrode, the current supply is stopped once, acidified by supplying an acidic solution to the soil near the alkalinized cathode, and dissolved insoluble contaminants are dissolved. Then, the object is achieved by repeating the operation of removing the pollutant together with water from the cathode side and then supplying water containing no pollutant to the soil and energizing it again.

  According to the present invention, as a technique for removing heavy metals and the like from soil contaminated with heavy metals, the problems of the invention described in JP-A-9-47748 and the invention described in JP-A 2000-140819 were solved. The present invention provides an effective and inexpensive method for removing contaminants in soil and an apparatus for implementing the same while reducing the content of contaminants in soil.

  The soil purification method and the soil purification apparatus according to the invention described in Patent Document 1 are complicated in operation, and the apparatus becomes large, and there is a problem that it is difficult to infiltrate the acidic solution deep into the soil. It did not solve the problems described above.

The present invention uses a simple device to relocate the electrode, thereby shortening the purification period, observing the purification level, performing efficient soil purification without variation, and an efficient and long-life electrode, It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems by a device that continuously installs a double electrode tube, a single electrode tube, and a multi-electrode tube, and a portable electrical repair device.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a method of purifying soil by installing a cathode electrode and an anode electrode in contaminated soil and energizing these electrodes, a plurality of holes for installing the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are set in advance. The soil is purified by installing an electrode in the hole and energizing to purify the soil, and then moving the previously installed cathode electrode and anode electrode to another position as the purification level progresses Is the method.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the soil purification method, a plurality of holes in which the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are previously set are provided with heavy metal ions, radioactive substance ions, etc. (hereinafter referred to as “heavy metal ions, radioactive substance ions”). Remediation of soil, characterized by being defined at a certain position between the electric anode and the cathode direction, or between the cathode and the anode direction, exceeding the strata of the solute concentration containing heavy metal ions etc.) Is the method.
The electrode material used in the soil purification method uses the graphite electrode rod according to claim 7, but is not limited to this electrode rod, and other electrode rods can also be used.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the soil purification method, a material for adsorbing and removing contaminants is housed in the cathode electrode and the anode electrode.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the soil purification method, the progress level of the purification is determined by observing the distribution type and the progress speed of the ion concentration climatic layer. This is a soil purification method in which a cathode electrode and an anode electrode are installed in a hole corresponding to the sandwiching position, and then the electrodes are energized to uniform the variation in the purification level of the entire soil.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the soil purification method, after completion of the soil purification work, the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are exchanged for installation and energized, or an alkaline substance or leaching is applied to the electrode cylinder in which the electrode is installed. This is a soil purification method for repairing the properties of soil after purification by inserting a substance intended to replenish the soil components.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the soil purification method according to the soil purification method, wherein a photovoltaic power generation device is disposed in an upper space of the purification target area, and the purification work is performed by electricity generated by the power generation device.

  The invention according to claim 7 comprises a graphite paste formed by adding a binder to graphite and kneading it into a rod shape, fixing a reinforcing tool to the periphery of the upper end and the lower end of the graphite paste, and fixing to a peripheral surface It is an electrode bar in which the tool is configured in a net shape.

  The invention according to claim 8 is a double electrode cylinder comprising a cylindrical outer cylinder around which a highly permeable filter is wound, and an electrode cylinder and an inner cylinder having a drainage function inside the outer cylinder. It is.

  The invention according to claim 9 is a cylindrical outer cylinder in which a water-permeable filter is wound around, and a single electrode cylinder having an electrode rod inside the outer cylinder.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a column body erected at both ends of the apparatus, a frame portion connecting the upper portions of the column body, a perforation drive mechanism installed on the frame portion, and an elevation that moves the perforation drive mechanism up and down And a power mechanism for operating the elevating mechanism. The piercing drive mechanism includes an electrode tube insertion portion, a piercing drive portion that rotates or presses the electrode tube insertion portion, and a press-fitting pressure and height. An electrode cylinder configured by a press-fitting adjustment unit that adjusts the speed, the lifting mechanism is configured by a pulley and a wire attached to a frame portion, and the power mechanism is configured by a power transmission unit, a lifting power transmission unit, and a power transmission shaft It is an installation device.

The invention described in claim 11 includes a cylindrical outer cylinder in which a highly permeable filter is wound around a movable soil container containing contaminated soil, and an electrode rod and a drainage function inside the outer cylinder. A double electrode cylinder having an inner cylinder, a cylindrical outer cylinder around which a water-permeable filter is wound, and a single electrode cylinder having an electrode rod inside the outer cylinder, are arranged at regular intervals, It is a portable soil pollutant removing apparatus that conducts electric restoration of soil in a soil container by applying direct current electricity to the electrode rod.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in a method for purifying soil by installing a cathode electrode and an anode electrode in contaminated soil and energizing these electrodes, the contaminated soil is accommodated in a movable soil container, and the contamination A plurality of holes for installing a cathode electrode and an anode electrode are provided in the soil, and a cylindrical outer cylinder around which a highly permeable filter is wound, and an electrode rod and a drainage function inside the outer cylinder. A double electrode cylinder provided with an inner cylinder, a cylindrical outer cylinder around which a water-permeable filter is wound, and a single electrode cylinder having an electrode rod inside the outer cylinder are arranged at regular intervals, and then A soil purification method characterized in that direct current electricity is applied to the electrode rod to purify the soil, and then the previously installed electrodes are transferred to other electrode cylinders as the purification level progresses.

The invention described in claim 13 is intended to relocate the electrode described in claim 2 in a method of purifying soil by installing a cathode electrode and an anode electrode in contaminated soil and energizing these electrodes. A single electrode cylinder is installed in all of the holes, and electrode bars are previously installed in all or a part of the single electrode cylinder, and the preliminarily installed cathode electrode and anode electrode according to claim 1 are placed at other positions. In place of the transfer method, electrode rods previously installed in all or part of the holes are configured as a series of controlled electric systems, and the distribution type and the traveling speed of the ion concentration stratum according to claim 4 are set. It is a soil purification method that can be used in combination with a method for controlling the opening and closing of electricity and the energization of electrode rods based on the information obtained from the results of observation and determination of the progress level of purification.

According to the soil purification method of claim 1, it is possible to reduce the period required for soil decontamination, and to continue the purification while observing the progress level of the purification, thereby effectively and effectively purifying the soil. it can.

According to the soil purification method according to claim 2, the position where the electrode is installed in advance is set to a certain position beyond the stratum of the ion concentration assumed to be generated after a certain period of time, and the position is determined. By repeating the method of energizing, the entire area to be purified can be purified evenly. However, the electrode material used in this soil purification method is not limited to the graphite electrode rod according to claim 7.

According to the soil purification method of claim 3, by storing a substance that adsorbs and removes contaminants such as zeolite and activated carbon in the electrode cylinder, and using the high moisturizing ability of zeolite, By preventing the decrease in conductivity of the electrode, which is likely to occur as the water level decreases due to pumping, heavy metals and other compounds can be efficiently removed in a short period of time without reducing the pollutant removal rate.

According to the soil purification method according to claim 4, the variation in soil purification is made uniform by appropriately setting the position and the period for moving the electrode or repeatedly energizing the point where the advancement speed of the purification is delayed. Can systematically reduce pollutant concentration.

According to the soil purification method of claim 5, after completion of the soil purification work, the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are exchanged using the hollow electrode cylinder after the electrode movement, and the soil after purification is energized. The properties can be repaired, and various pollutant purifications can be performed by inserting alkaline substances or substances intended to replenish leached soil components into the hollow electrode cylinder. The operation of replenishing the alkaline substance or the leached soil component is carried out in the soil by a method in which a cathode electrode and an anode electrode are inserted into a hollow electrode cylinder located at both ends of the area to be purified or in an appropriate position and energized. Has the effect of

According to the soil purification method according to claim 6, in order to obtain the electric power necessary for the soil purification work by photovoltaic power generation, it is energy saving and the arrangement of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus is utilized in the upper space of the purification target area. Therefore, the land can be used effectively.

According to the electrode rod of the seventh aspect, the graphite electrode rod constituting the electrode used in the soil purification method is easy to use and can be a long-life electrode.

According to the double electrode cylinder of claim 8, the electrode cylinder used for the soil purification method is constituted by a double cylinder of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the drainage mechanism is accommodated in the inner cylinder. Heavy metal compounds or radioactive substances can be efficiently taken out of the soil system with a configuration that allows frequent removal and entry of contaminant adsorbents without changing the position.

According to the single electrode cylinder of claim 9, the material of the filter of the single electrode cylinder used for the soil purification method is biodegradable by selectively using a biodegradable material and a hardly degradable material. In the case of using a natural material, the organic material can be supplied to a certain depth in the soil, which can contribute to the removal of organic pollutants by microorganisms.

According to the electrode cylinder installation device according to claim 10, when installing the electrode cylinder used for the soil purification method, a large number of electrode cylinders can be installed at the same time, so that the electrode can be inserted into the soil efficiently. Can do.

According to the portable soil pollutant removing device according to claim 11, the polluted soil is put into a movable soil container, and the pollutant is separated and desorbed to reduce the pollutant from the soil in the soil container. The pollutant concentration in the contaminated soil in the soil container can be reduced, and the amount of soil contaminated to a certain level or more can be reduced. In addition, since the apparatus is portable and the mechanism is simple, the apparatus is a soil pollutant removal apparatus that can be easily applied regardless of the location and amount of the soil to be purified and has high operability.

According to the soil purification method of claim 12, the contaminated soil is put into a movable soil container, the contaminants such as heavy metal ions are separated and desorbed, and the contaminants such as heavy metal ions are removed from the soil in the soil container. By the method of reducing the amount, the concentration of contaminants such as heavy metal ions in the contaminated soil can be lowered, and the amount of soil contaminated to a certain level or more can be reduced. In addition, since a certain amount of contaminated soil in the soil container can be quickly and efficiently purified, there is an effect that the application is easy regardless of the location and amount of the soil to be purified.

According to the method for moving an electrode by electrical control according to claim 13, it is possible to energize from the electrode bar to a position corresponding to the ion concentration striking layer without moving the electrode bar, and there is a labor-saving effect. By using the soil purification method in combination with the method for moving the electrode according to claim 1, the soil purification without unevenness can be performed in a labor-saving manner.

It is a schematic diagram showing the soil purification method of the present invention, a diagram showing the concentration distribution of ions in the initial stage of energization It is a schematic diagram showing the soil purification method of the present invention, a diagram showing the ion concentration climatic distribution after a certain period of energization The figure showing the traveling speed of the ion concentration climbing layer according to the present invention Schematic showing the method of moving the electrode of the present invention The partial perspective view of the anode rod of this invention, and a partial notch whole figure Partially cutaway sectional side view of the double electrode cylinder of the present invention Plan sectional view of the double electrode cylinder of the present invention Sectional side view of a single electrode cylinder of the present invention Plan view of a single electrode cylinder of the present invention Front view of the electrode cylinder installation device of the present invention XX sectional view of FIG. Enlarged cross-sectional front view of electrode tube insertion part and perforation drive part Explanatory drawing of the installation method of the electrode cylinder by the electrode cylinder installation apparatus of this invention The top view of the basic unit of the portable soil pollutant removal apparatus of this invention Schematic diagram showing the relationship between the upper frame of the soil container and the anode bridge or cathode bridge YY sectional view of FIG. ZZ sectional view of FIG. Partially enlarged schematic view of the portable soil pollutant removal apparatus of the present invention The schematic diagram which shows the usage aspect of the portable soil pollutant removal apparatus of this invention

(Embodiment 1)
Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a soil purification method that uses an electrode transfer method in the process of removing other water-soluble substances such as heavy metal ions that are contaminants from soil using an electrical remediation method. The period required for the removal is reduced, and the soil is purified efficiently and effectively by observing the progress level of the purification.

When performing the electrical repair method of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an ion concentration striking layer K is formed after a certain period of time has elapsed from the ion concentration distribution state at the start of energization. FIG. 1 shows a state in which an ion concentration climax layer has not yet appeared, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which an ion concentration climax layer is formed.
The position of the striking layer proceeds from the anode toward the cathode, but the traveling speed gradually decreases as the energization period elapses.

In this case, the electrode for the purpose of collecting substances to be purified is a cathode in the case of a cation, and an anode (hereinafter referred to as an electrode b) in the case of an anion. The electrode corresponding to this counter electrode is referred to as an electrode a. . The electrode cylinders corresponding to the respective electrodes are referred to as an electrode cylinder B and an electrode cylinder A, respectively.

1 and 2, P0, P1, and P2-PN are holes having an electrode cylinder A for inserting and installing the moving electrode a, and each hole has the electrode cylinder A. The distance between the holes is a value planned based on the model according to the soil properties and the planned removal period, for example, at intervals of about 50 cm. This installation interval can be determined arbitrarily.
The electrode a is installed in the electrode cylinder A in the hole P0 at the initial stage of energization in FIG. 1, and moves to P1, P2-PN as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 as the purification proceeds. The electrode b is installed in order to collect the object to be removed by being inserted into the double electrode cylinder B provided in the hole PX.
In both FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the upper part of the figure is a low concentration region such as heavy metal ions and shows a low pH region, and the lower part of the figure is a high concentration region such as heavy metal ions and shows a high pH region.
The K line in FIG. 2 indicates an ion concentration jump layer.

In each embodiment of the present invention described below, the electrode b, which is an electrode for the purpose of ion accumulation, is used as a cathode, inserted into the electrode cylinder B, and installed in the hole PX. And the electrode a is made into an anode, and it inserts in the electrode cylinder A and installs in the hole P0.
Thus, if the removal target is a substance that is positively ionized, the electrode b is used as a cathode, whereas if the removal target is a substance that is anionized, the electrode b is used as an anode.

The present inventor conducted an experiment on a soil purification method for humus-carrying Kanto loam topsoil, which is considered to be difficult to purify. Details of the contents of this experiment will be described later.
In the conventional method, the rate of progress of the heavy metal ion concentration layer from the initial electrode was 0.4 cm / day per day on average after 2 weeks of energization, but it was 0.11 cm / day per day on average after 6 weeks. Thus, after 6 weeks, the daily average speed per week decreased to 0.04 cm / day (see FIG. 3).

On the other hand, if the electrode is moved 9 cm forward (4 cm forward from the heavy metal ion concentration rapid layer) 42 days after the start of the energization, the rate of progress of the heavy metal ion concentration rapid layer is one week after the relocation. The average speed per day for the selected week recovered to 0.2 cm / day, and after 4 weeks the position of the heavy metal ion concentration stratum was 13 cm ahead of the original electrode position, and the average daily speed for the week was 0.07 cm. / Day.
Therefore, the traveling speed of the heavy metal ion concentration climbing layer is 13 cm in 63 days after the start of energization, so the average is 0.2 cm / elapsed days, and in the case of electrode movement, it is doubled by 0.11 cm / day without electrode movement. The fast speed of progress was obtained.

From this experimental result, in the conventional method in which the electrode movement is not performed, the traveling speed of the heavy metal ion concentration climatic layer is 0.04 cm / day, which is almost stagnant, when the electrode movement of the present invention is performed, the average is 0.2. It was proved that it was possible to maintain a speed of cm / days, and to obtain a traveling speed much higher than when no electrode movement was performed.
In addition, the front said here makes the direction which goes to a cathode from an anode the front, and back means the reverse direction.

Also, in this experiment, the heavy metal ion concentration 3cm behind the electrode after moving the electrode is less than 25ppm, and if the electrode is moved properly, there will be no high ion concentration area behind, and the entire area to be purified It was proved that it can be purified in a short time. As a result of soil remediation by this experiment, it was possible to reduce the total amount of loamy soil with a manganese ion concentration of 400 ppm to 25 ppm or less, and this removal rate was 95% or more.

(Embodiment 2)
Embodiment 2 of the present invention relates to a method for purifying soil by moving the electrode, and moves in advance at a certain point in the direction of electricity from the anode to the cathode or from the cathode to the anode across the ion concentration stratum. A point to be performed is determined, and the electrode is moved to the point where the electrode is moved in advance at a necessary time to be purified.

In this case, the determination of the location and timing to be relocated in advance and the determination of the necessary relocation timing are based on observation of the potential gap progress rate and distribution, and based on the potential gap observation data, The observation data of the distribution, soil acidity crest layer distribution, etc. are combined together, and the information derived from the soil quality, soil moisture content, and other conditions is combined.
Then, based on the results observed with the progress of purification, the optimum position and timing at which the electrode is to be transferred is set, and the potential difference between the negative and anode is adjusted as necessary.

In the electrical repair method of soil, it was known that a potential gap was formed, and in this experiment, the formation of a similar potential gap was observed. The range where the potential difference between the potential gap and the anode is small is the concentration of heavy metal ions. The region with a low potential (hereinafter referred to as “low concentration region”), the region with a large potential difference from the anode of the potential gap corresponds to the region with high heavy metal ion concentration (hereinafter referred to as “high concentration region”), It was observed that the position where the potential gap occurred coincided with the position where the heavy metal ion concentration striking layer occurred.

That is, in this experiment, as the electric repair progresses, a climax occurs in the distribution of heavy metal ion concentration, and the region where the heavy metal ion concentration is lower than the climax is 25 ppm or less with respect to the soil and 5 ppm or less near the anode. The region with higher heavy metal ion concentration than the layer is 400 ppm to 500 ppm with respect to the soil, but the region with a small potential difference with this anode is a low heavy metal ion concentration region, the region with a large potential difference with the anode is a high heavy metal ion concentration It corresponds to the area.
Furthermore, the soil acidity distribution also has a climax, and in the case of this experiment, the pH is 2-3 in the low pH region, and in the high pH region above pH 5, the pH is 12-13 near the cathode. This region corresponds to the low heavy metal ion concentration region, and the high pH region above pH 5 corresponds to the high heavy metal ion concentration region.

This coincides with the heavy metal attachment / detachment process in the electrical repair method being highly dependent on the acidity of the soil, and the heavy metal ionizes in the strongly acidic region, but does not dissolve in the neutral to alkaline region, and is less soluble in the weakly acidic region. Theoretically, or the ion transfer rate greatly depends on the concentration of the conductive solute in the soil solution, but the hydroxide ions generated by electrolysis combine with heavy metal ions to form hydroxides and the conductive solute concentration decreases and the electrical resistance It was also observed in this experiment that it was consistent with related theories such as the theory of increasing the potential gradient.

In this experiment, a decrease in heavy metal ion concentration was also observed behind the moved electrode, and the heavy metal ion concentration at 3 cm behind the electrode after 2 weeks of electrode movement was less than 25 ppm. In view of the fact that the concentration was 400 ppm immediately before the transfer, if the electrode is appropriately moved, the electrode can be moved without leaving a high ion concentration region behind.

As shown in FIG. 4, this electrode is installed in the high concentration region beyond the ion concentration striking layer K. The means for setting the optimum point for moving the electrode is that the ion concentration climax K remains at the position after the electrode a is moved, while a new ion concentration climax is formed around the moved electrode a. Therefore, the distance (distance) between the old and new ion concentration climaxes is the sum of the distance from the electrode a after the transfer to the ion concentration climax before the transfer and the distance to the ion concentration climax formed after the transfer. D / t obtained by dividing the distance (this is referred to as D) by the time required to form a new ion concentration striking layer K (referred to as t) from the time of transfer, a single transfer operation This is a method of setting the distance D from the electrode a to the electrode b as the progress speed of the K, which is planned with the corrected value of the soil quality, water content ratio and other conditions as the progress speed of the ion concentration climatic layer K. .
As a result, as shown in FIGS. 4 (1) to (5), the points P1 to PN where the electrode a should be moved are estimated, and the electrode cylinder A is installed in advance at the initial electrode installation points P0 and P1 to PN. In other words, the electrode a is moved to the preset points P1 to PN at appropriate times. In the figure, PX is a point where the electrode cylinder B is installed.
The method of knowing the distribution of the heavy metal ion concentration climbing layer can be represented by measuring the potential gap instead of directly measuring the ion concentration.

The electrode transfer method of the present invention can be effectively applied regardless of whether the heavy metal ion or the like to be purified is a cation or an anion.
That is, when a heavy metal ion or the like is an anion, the ion does not bind to the hydroxide ion emitted from the cathode and precipitate, but an acidic region is formed around the anode, and the anion ionized in this acidic region. Since an active substance such as hexavalent chromium ions accumulates around the anode, it can be assumed that the hexavalent chromium ion concentration is low in a range closer to the cathode than the ion concentration striking layer.

(Embodiment 3)
Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the pollutant adsorbing means comprising a bag filled with zeolite, activated carbon or the like is accommodated in the electrode cylinder A and the electrode cylinder B used in the first and second embodiments. In this case, it does not matter whether the ion species to be purified is a cation or an anion.

The contaminant adsorbing means is shown in FIGS.
That is, the pollutant adsorbing means 26 is disposed in the gap between the outer cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 24 of the electrode cylinder B which is a double electrode cylinder, and has a constant diameter and length made of a non-woven fabric made of water-permeable synthetic resin. A bag having a thickness is filled with zeolite or activated carbon.

The contaminant adsorbing means 26 may be a cartridge filled with zeolite, activated carbon or the like similar to the inner cylinder 24. In the present embodiment, as the contaminant adsorbing means 26, a trade name “Nobineko” (Tomic Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) is used.

The contaminant adsorbing means 26 may be continuously formed by being joined by welding or string-like ones. The zeolite used here may be natural zeolite or artificial zeolite, and the size of the contaminant adsorbing means 26 or the particle size of zeolite or activated carbon can be arbitrarily determined.

Such a pollutant adsorbing means 26 is often used especially at a point where the installation of a vacuum drainage function is planned, and by its pumping function, an inorganic material such as heavy metal, volatile organic chlorine compound, volatile carbon compound, all cyan, etc. A substance such as a compound or other compound (hereinafter referred to as “heavy metal or other compound”) can be efficiently taken out at any time using a continuous bag or cartridge.

When the electrode rod is inserted into the electrode cylinder when the electrode is transferred, the contaminant adsorbing means 26 inserted into the electrode cylinder is taken out of the electrode cylinder and replaced with the electrode rod. Depending on the type of the contaminant, zeolite, activated carbon, etc. The composition or the shape of the bag or cartridge is appropriately set based on the electrode movement plan.

The electrode cylinder A that is scheduled to move need not contain the contaminant adsorbing means 26 in all of them, and may be inserted or removed at a necessary time.

The effect of inserting the pollutant adsorbing means 26 into the electrode cylinder is that when the pollutant is an ion and when the substance is other than ionized, it is a substance dissolved in water. Due to the electroosmotic effect, the pollutant is drawn together with water, adsorbed on zeolite, activated carbon, etc., or removed by waste water.

(Embodiment 4)
Embodiment 4 of the present invention is a method of providing a pair of yin and yang electrodes so as to sandwich a point at which the progress rate of soil purification is delayed, and energizing to uniformize the soil purification level variation.
In this case, the electrodes can be arranged using an empty electrode cylinder that has already been moved and has no electrode rod. In this case, the electrical method of the electrodes can be based on a conventional method of switching between a positive power source and a negative power source.

According to this embodiment, even if the electrode position installed according to the electrode cylinder arrangement plan has a result that is not necessarily appropriate due to the soil quality or the like, it is purified by moving the electrode again and energizing it. The effect can be restored.

When moving the electrode for the purpose of correcting variation in purification, it is necessary to provide a drainage mechanism in the cathode cylinder, and the substance that has moved with the water is attached to the contaminant adsorbing means stored in the cylinder. Together with the drainage, it can be taken out of the soil system.

(Embodiment 5)
Embodiment 5 of the present invention is a method for repairing the properties of soil performed by introducing an alkaline substance such as quicklime into an electrode cylinder in which a gap has been formed by electrode movement.
Utilizing the high spatial arrangement density of the arranged electrode cylinders, it is possible to distribute the input material or generated heat in the soil in a relatively short time as water moves due to the electroosmotic effect. This is done using the points that can be done.

The substance thrown into the electrode cylinder is not limited to an alkaline substance such as quicklime, but a substance intended to supplement the leached soil component, for example, calcium, potassium, magnesium, nitrogen, iron, or the like can be selected.

In the above method, including a case where a plurality of bags containing the substance to be charged are bonded, connected by a string, or inserted, or charged as a solid or a solution, conditions such as a charging amount, a charging speed, etc. Throw while controlling.

(Embodiment 6)
In Embodiment 6 of the present invention, electric power necessary for soil purification work is obtained by photovoltaic power generation.
Electricity necessary for soil decontamination varies depending on conditions such as soil quality and moisture content, but if there is a solar light receiving area of 1 to several times the target soil decontamination area, electric restoration using solar power generation Soil decontamination by law is possible.
In addition, in soil that is easier to clean than loam soil, such as sandy soil, it is possible to have a smaller area solar cell. It is possible to make use of the upper space. Therefore, the land can be used effectively and management work related to purification can be facilitated.

In this experiment, it is a sample of loamy soil, and the target area of the device is 800cm ² , the distance between the electrodes is 22cm, the anode is 3 poles, the cathode is 1 pole, the DC is 24.3 volts, 0.5 amp x 3 poles (36 watts) The heavy metal ion concentration was reduced from 400 ppm to 25 ppm or less in 10 weeks.

Assuming that power is applied at the power level of this experiment in an actual device, if the distance between the electrodes is 50 cm (one cathode per 1 m) and the distance between the anodes is 25 cm, the mobility of ions by electroosmosis and electrophoresis will be a potential gradient. Since it is proportional, in saturated soil, the voltage should be 60 volts DC and 0.5 amperes per anode, and the required power per square meter is 240 watts, and the photovoltaic power generation capacity is 140 watts per square meter. The required solar panel area in loamy soil requires 1.7 times the area of the purified soil.

Therefore, when the soil is sandy soil or the like, the purification rate is considerably faster than that of ROHM, so that the effect can be improved even if the required photovoltaic panel area is smaller than 1.7 times the purification area. Therefore, it becomes possible to purify using a solar cell panel having an area close to the purification area depending on the properties of the soil and other conditions. That is, soil purification is enabled using the upper space of the purification target area.

The installation of the solar cell panel using this upper space can be constructed as an extension of the gap between the electrode cylinders used for soil purification and the temporary work installed on the upper part. Use is advantageous from the viewpoint of effective land use and related equipment.

(Embodiment 7)
Embodiment 7 of the present invention relates to a graphite-based electrode rod used for the electrode a in the present invention, and is shown in FIGS. 5 (1) and 5 (2).
The electrode rod 10 is a synthetic resin mesh tube made of a graphite paste 11 made of a paste-like substance, which is made of graphite as a base material and kneaded with clay, glass fiber, rubber, natural or synthetic resin as a binder. This is an article filled in a graphite filled cylinder.
In this case, generally, the graphite contamination rate of the graphite paste 11 is desirably 60% or more of artificial graphite. This graphite contamination rate is intended to obtain the desired electrical conductivity, and the contamination rate of clay and glass fibers is necessary. It is determined according to the shape and size of the electrode rod according to the mechanical strength.
However, it does not exclude the use of natural graphite, highly conductive rubber, graphite products and other electrodes, or copper and other highly conductive materials as the electrode material.

The electrode rod 10 has two types of constant unit lengths, for example, 0.5 m and 1 m, one of which is an electrode base (not shown) attached to one end of a graphite-filled cylinder, The material is densely waterproofed. The second has no electrode at the end.
The length of the electrode rod 10 can be arbitrarily set, for example, by a soil purification plan.

The electrode rod 10 has reinforcing tools 13 and 13 fixed to the peripheral edges of the upper end and the lower end of the graphite paste 11, and has a net-like fixing tool 12, 12,.
When the electrode rods 10 are connected, the graphite paste 11 is applied to the ends of the electrode rods 10, and one to several unit lengths of the electrode rods 10 are connected to the reinforcing tool 13 in the major axis direction. Thus, the required electrode rod length can be obtained (see FIG. 5 (2)).

(Embodiment 8)
Embodiment 8 of the present invention relates to a double electrode cylinder used in the present invention, and is shown in FIGS. This double electrode cylinder is used for the electrode cylinder B in this embodiment.
The double electrode cylinder 20 is composed of a double cylinder of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder 22 is a cylinder or a perforated cylinder having a mesh network made of a synthetic resin around which a highly permeable nonwoven fabric filter 21 is wound. The inner cylinder 24 has a function of draining.
A cathode electrode rod 23 made of a highly conductive material is disposed in the center of the outer cylinder 22. The cathode electrode rod 23 can be formed in a convenient shape for stabilizing the position of the inner cylinder 24 by making the cross-sectional shape square, but it may be circular.
Further, the cross-sectional shape of the double electrode cylinder 20 does not need to be circular, but may be a square or other shapes, or the entire shape is a single ellipse or the like, and a plurality of electrode rods are accommodated in the one electrode cylinder. The structure to do may be sufficient.

The number of the inner cylinders 24 may be singular or plural. Each of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder has a structure in which the double electrode cylinder 20 can be connected in the long axis direction by using a connection tool.
The inner cylinder 24 is a cylinder or a perforated cylinder made of synthetic resin, and is provided with a drain tube 25 and a suction head that have a function of pumping up permeated water and taking it out of the soil system. You may arrange | position the tube for water supply drip in the upper part of the double electrode cylinder 20, or the inside.
The non-woven fabric filter 21 is selectively used as a biodegradable one or a hardly degradable one depending on the planned removal period. If the removal period is short, a biodegradable one is desirable.

In the gap between the outer cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 24, a pollutant adsorbing means comprising a bag-like product or cartridge filled with zeolite, activated carbon or the like in a bag having a certain diameter and length of a water-permeable synthetic resin nonwoven fabric. 16 is inserted and filled.

In installing the double electrode cylinder 20, the strength, dimensions, etc. of the outer cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 24 are set according to a contamination removal plan. Of the structure of the double electrode cylinder 20 described here, depending on conditions such as sandy soil that can be easily purified, it is possible to use a method that does not use the contaminant adsorbing means 26. Even when the substance adsorbing means 26 is not used, the inner cylinder 24 is provided, so that the substance can be accurately input when the substance is supplied after purification.

(Embodiment 9)
Embodiment 9 of the present invention relates to a single electrode cylinder used in the present invention, and is shown in FIGS. This single electrode cylinder 30 is used for the electrode cylinder A in this embodiment.
The single electrode cylinder 30 that accommodates the anode electrode 10 that is the electrode rod 10 constitutes a cylinder or a perforated cylinder 32 made of synthetic resin and has a water-permeable structure around the perforated cylinder 32. A high non-woven fabric filter 31 is wound and configured to have the required shape, dimension and strength according to the soil purification plan.
The nonwoven fabric filter 31 is made of a biodegradable material or a hardly degradable material such as a synthetic resin depending on the planned removal period. If the removal period is short, a biodegradable one is desirable.
Further, in the case of anions, since it is necessary to take out from the anode, an inner cylinder 24 provided with the drainage tube 25 is provided inside the perforated cylinder 32.

For the single electrode cylinder 30 to be transferred, when the electrode b is to be transferred to the electrode in which the electrode a was inserted before the transfer, the contaminant adsorbing means 26 is inserted into the single electrode cylinder 30. In addition, by adding a drainage tube or other drainage mechanism 25, the double electrode cylinder 20 is remodeled so that ions or other compounds that are electrophoresing or electroosmotic toward the electrode b are removed from the soil. It is possible to efficiently take out the system.

(Embodiment 10)
The tenth embodiment of the present invention is an electrode tube installation device that continuously places a plurality of electrode tubes used in the present invention and installs them on the ground, and is shown in FIGS. 10, 11, 12, and 13. It is.
In this apparatus, column bodies 76 and 76 are provided upright at both ends of a bottom portion 74, and a frame portion 75 that connects the upper portions of the column bodies 76 and 76 is configured.

Four perforation driving mechanisms 40 are installed in the frame portion 75. The piercing drive mechanism 40 adjusts the press-fitting pressure and height, an electrode tube insertion portion 41 holding an earth drill 49, a piercing drive portion 42 that press-fits or pulls out the electrode tube insertion portion 41 by weighted rotation. It consists of a press-fit adjusting unit 43. The perforation driving mechanism 40 is not limited to four and can be installed in any number.
Reference numeral 55 denotes a guide portion such as an earth drill, which is a guide device for keeping the position correct when the earth drill 49 is inserted, and the end portion of the guide portion 55 is fixed to column bodies 76 and 76 of the device.

The electrode tube insertion portion 41 is formed of a casing 44 having a diameter and length that is greater than that of the ground drill 49 and is inserted into the ground. The casing 44 follows the drill while rotating in the opposite direction to the ground drill 49. Inserted into the soil.
If necessary, the drill and casing of the electrode tube insertion portion 41 are connected in the long axis direction so that they can penetrate to a predetermined depth.
The drilling drive unit 42 includes a drive unit 47 such as a motor, a shaft 48 of the earth drill 49, and a rotation device 48 that holds and rotates the casing 44, and is driven while receiving a vertical load from the upper press-fitting adjustment unit 43. . A lower portion of the perforation driving unit 42 is provided with a soil removal mechanism.

A distance adjusting rail 51 for connecting the upper portions of the pillars 76, 76, a reverse stopper 52 provided at both ends of the distance adjusting rail 51, a reverse stopper 52 having functions such as an upper and lower gear, and lower ends of the pillars 76, 76 The arrangement adjusting unit 50 is configured by the vertical movement device 53 provided in the apparatus.

The elevating mechanism 60 includes a pulley 61 attached to the frame portion 75, a wire 62 for elevating the drilling driving mechanism 40, and a wire adjuster 63. This lifting mechanism can also employ a mechanism using a hydraulic cylinder or the like without using a wire.

The power mechanism 70 is arranged at a lower portion of the apparatus, and includes a power transmission unit 71 having a power transmission function such as a wire winding drum unit, a lifting power transmission unit 72, and a power transmission shaft 73. Reference numeral 79 denotes a power unit, which uses an electric motor, a motor or the like.

In the lower part of the apparatus, various parts such as a height adjusting unit 81, a moving / frame fixing unit 82, a moving plate 83, a moving direction changing mechanism 80, and the like are configured. Move.

The operation of the electrode cylinder installation device will be described.

  The electrode cylinder continuous installation method of the present embodiment is to pierce the soil prior to the installation of the electrode cylinder, and simultaneously insert the electrode cylinder or a combination of the electrode cylinder and the casing into the soil and hold the casing. A method of inserting an electrode cylinder into a space created by a casing, and in this case, a plurality of perforations, electrode cylinders, and casing insertions are provided for continuous installation of the electrode cylinder in the insertion of the electrode cylinder and the casing. By performing all at once using a certain device, the installation work is made efficient.

The electrode tube placement operation is a method of expanding the placement area while moving (retracting) the device in the direction perpendicular to the line formed by the electrode tube row of the device in the direction opposite to the area where the placement has already been performed. To do. The casing is pulled out by a method of moving forward in the opposite direction.

First, the electrode tube installation device is correctly fixed at a predetermined position by the height adjusting unit 81, the moving / frame fixing unit 82, the moving plate 83, and the like, and the entire moving direction converting mechanism 80 is rotated to adjust the position of the device.

Next, the power unit 79 is activated, the operation is adjusted by the power transmission unit 71, the wire 62 is pulled using the pulley 61 via the lifting power transmission unit 72 and the power transmission shaft 73, and placed on the ground. The press-fitting adjustment portion 43, the perforation driving portion 42, and the electrode cylinder insertion portion 41 are pulled up.
In this case, adjustment such as loosening of the wire 62 is performed by a wire adjuster 63 incorporating a telescopic function such as a turnbuckle or a variable shaft pulley.
In this case, the lifting power transmission unit 72 distributes the power from the power transmission unit 71 to each of the lifting power transmission units 72.
The press-fit adjusting unit 43 includes a spring mechanism, and adjusts the vertical load by repulsion with the interval adjusting rail 51.

Each of the electrode tube insertion portions 41 is set above the position of the hole where the electrode tube is scheduled to be installed.
At this time, the press-fitting adjusting portion 43, the perforation driving portion 42, and the electrode cylinder insertion portion 41 can be correctly placed vertically at predetermined positions by being installed while being suspended.
In this case, the electrode cylinder insertion part 41 can set the space | interval arbitrarily by movement of the pulley 61 grade | etc.,.

The vertical movement device 53 is activated, and the height of the interval adjusting rail 51 is regulated by the height adjusting device of the anti-return device 52 via a coupling mechanism (wire, belt, etc.), and the digging speed below the drilling drive mechanism 40 is achieved. Exercise to push down together. When the earth drill 49 is pulled out, the distance adjusting rail 51 is pulled upward.

The interval adjusting rail 51 follows the penetration speed of the earth drill 49 of the electrode tube insertion portion 41 and operates the reverse rotation preventing device 52 to be movable up and down.
The spacing adjustment rail 51 has a function of repelling the press-fitting adjustment part 43 when the drill of the electrode tube insertion part 41 penetrates and equalizing the downward movement of the apparatus below the press-fitting adjustment part 43.

The press-fitting adjustment unit 43, the perforation driving unit 42, and the electrode tube insertion unit 41 set at a predetermined height and a predetermined point are rotated by the perforation driving unit 42 while being weighted by the press-fitting adjustment unit 43 serving as a weight. The earth drill 49 and the casing 44 of the tube insertion part 41 are penetrated into the ground.

This step will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
Step 1: The earth drill 49 and the casing 44 of the electrode cylinder insertion portion 41 are arranged above the insertion point (FIG. 13 (1)).
Step 2: The ground drill 49 and the casing 44 are driven into the ground while being reversely rotated by the drilling drive unit 42 (FIG. 13 (2)). In this case, the earth drill 49 and the casing 44 rotate in the opposite directions.
Step 3: After the casing 44 has been penetrated to a predetermined depth, the drilling drive unit 42 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the earth drill 49 is pulled out leaving the casing 44 and moved. Only the casing 44 is left in place. (FIG. 13 (3)).
Step 4: The electrode cylinder A is inserted into the casing 44 buried in the ground. (FIG. 13 (4)).
Step 5: The drilling drive unit 42 is attached to the upper part of the casing 44, and the casing 44 is pulled out from the ground (FIG. 13 (5)).
Step 6: The electrode 10 is inserted into the electrode cylinder A buried in the ground. (FIG. 13 (6)).

Next, the entire apparatus is moved by a caterpillar, wheels, etc. (not shown) provided at the lower part of the apparatus. In this case, by the method of providing the rail of the moving plate 83, the moving direction can be corrected, the situation of the ground can be dealt with, or the work efficiency can be improved.

The above-described series of operations is repeated after moving in the corresponding direction, and as a result, it is possible to create a situation in which a large number of electrode cylinders are placed on the purification target site.

In addition, sandy soil is filled in a gap formed between the earth hole drilled by the earth drill 49 and the electrode cylinder, or a gap formed by pulling out the electrode cylinder.

By leaving a part or all of the rail of the movable plate 83 even after the electrode cylinder is finished, it can be used for the subsequent management of the apparatus.
As for the moving means for the entire apparatus, in order to move the entire apparatus including the apparatus, it is possible to use a self-propelled apparatus having wheels and a caterpillar provided at the lower part or a method of towing with an automobile.

In combination with the electrode cylinder installation device, a soil acidity measuring function, a soil component collecting function, a soil component measuring function, and the like can be provided.

The method of installing the electrode cylinder is not limited to using the above-described electrode cylinder installation apparatus, and does not preclude performing other methods such as perforation and casing / electrode cylinder installation at one point. .

(Embodiment 11)
Embodiment 11 of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 14 to 19 and relates to a portable soil pollutant removing apparatus. This apparatus is configured by a member having a weight size that is portable by human power.

An upper frame 111 is fixed to the upper end of a movable soil container 100 containing contaminated soil, and a groove 111a is provided in the upper frame 111 with an appropriate interval. A hook-shaped anode bridge portion 112 or a cathode bridge portion 113 having a substantially U-shaped cross section is fitted into the groove portion 111a and is detachably attached.
A pole 121, a lead wire 122, a hanger 123, and a drainage horizontal pipe 124 are accommodated in the anode bridge portion 112, and a pole 131, a lead wire 132, a hanger 133, a drainage are accommodated in the cathode bridge portion 113. The horizontal pipe 134 is accommodated. The shape of the anode bridge portion 112 or the cathode bridge portion 113 is not limited to the above, and can be arbitrarily determined. Among these, the drainage horizontal pipe 134 can be omitted when the ion to be separated from the soil is an anion, and the drainage horizontal pipe 124 can be omitted when the purpose is a cation.

After the double electrode cylinder 20 and the single electrode cylinder 30 are arranged in the soil container 100 at regular intervals, the target soil 200 is placed in the soil container 100. Thereafter, the anode electrode rod 10 is installed as an electric anode in the double electrode cylinder 20. At this time, a pole 121, a lead wire 122, a hanger 123, and a drainage horizontal pipe 124 accommodated inside the anode bridge portion 112. The anode electrode 10 is disposed in the electrode cylinder 30 using the above.
Similarly, the cathode electrode rod 23 is installed in the single electrode cylinder 30 using the pole 131, the lead wire 132, the hanger 133, and the drainage horizontal pipe 134 housed in the cathode bridge portion 113.

In addition, an electric system and an electric control mechanism (not shown) capable of passing DC electricity between both poles are provided. Further, drainage mechanisms 24 and 25 for taking out the substance solution separated and desorbed from the soil gap are incorporated in the double electrode cylinder 20 of the cathode. Further, the drainage mechanisms 24 and 25 can be incorporated in the single electrode cylinder 30 of the anode as needed, but in the present embodiment, those incorporating them are shown (see FIGS. 8 and 9).

The dimensions of the soil container 100 are set in consideration of conditions such as soil quality or the planned duration of purification. The standard unit device 101 is typically 0.5 m ² with a depth of 40 cm and a capacity of 200 L. The material depends on the material such as synthetic resin considering acid resistance and alkali resistance.

The operation of the portable soil pollutant removing device described above is to purify the soil by moving the electrodes as described above, and the fixed arrangement of each electrode cylinder moves the electrodes described in the second embodiment. Then, the anode electrode cylinder 30 is arranged at an electrode interval corresponding to a method for purifying soil.
The interval between the electrode cylinders determines the interval between the yin and yang electrode cylinders 20 based on the experiment while considering the conditions such as the soil quality or the planned required purification period, and further determines the interval between the anode electrode cylinders 30. The distance is set, but the distance between the cathode 20 and the anode 30 (the distance between PPO and B in FIG. 1) is typically 24 to 35 cm, and the distance between the anode electrode cylinders 30 is 7 to 12 cm.

Further, as described in the eighth embodiment, the cathode electrode cylinder 20 need not have a circular cross-sectional shape, and may be a square or other shapes, or the entire shape may be a single ellipse or the like. A structure in which a plurality of electrode bars are accommodated may be used.

The intensity of the direct current electricity is set based on experiments in consideration of conditions such as soil quality or the planned duration of purification, and is typically set to a voltage of 12 to 48 V and a current of 0.1 to 4 A.

The drainage mechanisms 24 and 25 have drainage performance in consideration of the speed at which ions in the solution are electrophoresed or electroosmotic to the electrode, and experiments are conducted in consideration of conditions such as soil quality or planned purification time. Set based on this.

Embodiment 12
Embodiment 12 of the present invention is a method that makes it possible to efficiently purify a large amount of contaminated soil using the apparatus of Embodiment 11.

The combination of the devices is a portable device having a certain capacity (hereinafter referred to as a unit device 101), for example, a certain number of unit devices 101 having a capacity of 200L, for example, a device having a capacity of 800L by combining four unit devices ( This device set 102 is further combined to cope with a large amount of soil repair (see FIG. 18).

This device set 102 combines the soil container of the unit device 101 and integrates the electrical system and the drainage system of the unit device 101, thereby improving the electrical and drainage operability. It is possible to bring together a single unit, cost reduction such as changing the drainage pump from an expensive micro pump to an inexpensive mini pump.

(Experimental example)
The following experiment was conducted on the present invention.

(Experimental device)
The experiment was conducted by applying a direct current to the soil.
The soil quality was Kanto Loam with humus, and the hydraulic conductivity was 1 × 10−5 cm / sec at the saturated water content ratio, and the soil was always saturated. The soil area is 24cm x 34cm x 20cm deep.
The electrical configuration is a 24 VDC x 0.5 ampere x 3 anode and 1 cathode pair, and the anodes are arranged at regular intervals in a fan shape in the range of 90 ° toward the cathode. The electrode spacing was 22 cm, and a synthetic resin mesh tube was used as the electrode tube.
As the electrode material, a black smoke clay kneaded rod-shaped material (diameter 7 mm × length 120 mm) was used.
“Nobineko” was installed in the cathode tube as a means for adsorbing pollutants.
The heavy metal material was manganese sulfate and had a concentration of 400 ppm with respect to the soil.
The interval between the holes at the initial stage was about 9 cm + 13 cm = 22 cm.

(Trends in manganese ion concentration)
The manganese ion concentration in the low ion concentration region that occurred after the operation of the device was very clearly reduced to 25 ppm to 5 ppm or less with respect to the soil. On the other hand, in the high ion concentration region, the manganese ion concentration was 400 ppm to partially over 400 ppm, and a clear formation of an ion concentration jump layer was observed.

(Movement speed of ion concentration crest)
In the case of a test with one cathode for one anode, an ion concentration jump layer appears on the cathode side one week after the start of energization, and then on the anode side, and after 15 days, a point 5 cm from the anode. A clear formation of an ion concentration jump layer and a potential gap on the low ion concentration side was observed.
Since the position of the ion concentration climbing layer on the low ion concentration side coincides with the position of the potential gap, the traveling speed of the ion concentration climbing layer is 5 cm when the distance between the anode and the potential gap is considered as the traveling speed of the ion concentration climbing layer. / Elapsed 15 days = 0.4 cm / elapsed day.

Next, when an experiment was performed with three anodes for one cathode, in an experiment on the same loam soil, formation of an ion concentration climax on the anode was observed on the third day from the start of energization, and the potential from the anode to the cathode. The progress rate of the gap was 4.5 cm / elapsed 21 days.
On the other hand, a low ion concentration region is formed in a direction opposite to or perpendicular to the cathode, and the moving speed of the ion concentration striking layer in this reverse direction is 2 cm / elapsed 21 days. In this stage, the ion concentration boundary zone progressed toward the cathode at a speed of 0.4 cm / day to 0.2 cm / day for one day.

Moreover, although drainage by gravity was continued, the permeability coefficient of this gravity drainage was 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ cm / sec = 0.9 cm / day.
In addition, it progressed at the speed | rate of 0.2 cm / day-0.1 cm / day about the elapsed days 1 day in the 90 degree direction with the cathode.
The moving speed of the ion concentration crest decreased with the passage of time, and became slow enough to make it difficult to observe the progress over the course of 24-30 days.

(Experiment of the effect of electrode transfer method)
For the purpose of promoting the movement of the ion concentration stratum, the anode was moved as a method of electrode movement. This movement occurred after 43 days from the start of the experiment, when the first anode was moved to a point 4 cm (a point 9 cm from the anode) beyond the potential gap that occurred. Although no potential gap was observed in the entire region, a potential gap was generated on the third day of energization, and the potential gap progressed from the anode toward the cathode.
Since the potential gap moved 4 cm in the 3rd week after the first movement, this movement speed is 0.2 cm / day per day after the movement, including the anode movement distance from the beginning. For example, the moving distance was 13 cm, and the period during this period was 63 days, and the total speed was 0.2 cm / day.

In this way, if the anode is moved, the speed of advance of the potential gap is the value obtained by dividing the sum of the distance moved by the electrode movement and the distance moved by the electrical effect by the elapsed time with respect to the original anode position. The traveling speed of the ion concentration climbing layer can be increased.
That is, in the case of the conditions of this experiment, if the electrode gap is 9 cm per movement at a potential gap advance rate of once every 6 weeks, 0.2 cm / day to 0.17 cm per day after the start of energization Since the potential gap progresses at a speed of / day, this speed is much faster than the speed of 0.11 cm / day when the electrode is not moved, and the potential gap progress speed is initial when approaching the end stage. The electrode was moved to an appropriate level, and the movement of the electrodes prevented the reduction of the purification efficiency with the passage of time, thereby shortening the purification period.
Furthermore, it was also confirmed that if the frequency of electrode movement is increased, it is possible to increase the traveling speed of the ion concentration striking layer.

(Manganese ion concentration after removal)
After moving, the manganese ion concentration behind the electrode is 5 ppm or less relative to the soil around the point where the anode tube is provided, and is generally 50 ppm or less, and the removal rate is (400 ppm to 50 ppm or less). ) /400ppm=87.5% or more, high removal effect was observed.
In addition, the manganese ion concentration between the position of the ion concentration crest layer before movement and the anode after movement is almost the same level as the concentration in the low ion concentration region, and is weak in the direction opposite to the cathode of each anode after movement. An ion concentration climbing layer was generated, but no clear ion concentration climbing layer like that toward the cathode was observed.

(Effect of leveling variation in concentration of heavy metal ions in the area after purification by electrode transfer method)
Even in a region purified using the electrode transfer method, the degree of progress of the purification may be partially different. In contrast, ion concentration variations can be leveled using the electrode transfer method. The effect of this method was that, in this experiment, the manganese ion concentration of 350ppmm and the region of 15ppm or less were generated, but this leveled out in 4 weeks after moving the electrode, and the average concentration became 25ppm. .
In this case, the new cathode is a “Nobinekko” filled cylinder, which is pumped under reduced pressure (pressure is intermittently minus 20 pa).

(Degree of electrode bar collapse)
As the electrode rod, an aluminum tube having a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 1 mm was used in the initial stage of this experiment, but the anode corroded in one week and the cathode also corroded in two weeks. When this was made into a graphite paste electrode having a diameter of 7 mm, it was fully operating without collapsing even after 15 weeks.

(Estimation of the effect of the electrode movement method assuming that the electrode movement method was performed at the actual location)
A trial calculation of the purification period using the electrode transfer method is as follows.
Here, if the purification distance of the target land is 100cm (the cathode tube installation is 100cm intervals, the distance between the negative and positive electrodes is 50cm), the radius of the double electrode cylinder is 5cm, and the negative anode interval distance is 47.5cm, the electrode transfer method will not be performed. In the case of the required period, assuming that the speed of the potential gap is maintained at the speed of 6 weeks of the experiment, the required period A = 47.5 cm ÷ 0.1 cm / day = 480 days. If the speed is 0.17 cm / day, the electrode moving period is 44 days apart, and the moving distance is 18 cm / time (the ratio of the potential difference between the experiment and actual is multiplied by the moving distance of the experiment), the required number of movements is 45 cm / 18cm-1 times = 2 times, if the number of days until the first move accompanying this move is 70 days, the required number of days B = 70 days + 2 times x 44 + (45cm-(18cm x 2 times)) / 0.17cm / day = 211 days.
That is, the required number of days B / the required period A = 211/450 × 100 = 47%, which is a significant reduction in the period.

In this calculation, it is assumed that the potential gradient between the negative and anode is the same level as in the experiment. In this calculation, the distance between the negative and anode is larger than in the experiment. However, in actuality, the applied voltage is considerably increased (for example, the scale ratio between the experiment and the actual is 22: 48 = 1). : If it is 2.18, the potential difference can be 24 volt x 2.18 <55 volts, etc.) It is possible to make it the same level as the potential gradient of this experiment, and this trial calculation is valid.

a electrode b electrode A electrode cylinder B electrode cylinder K ion concentration jump layer P0 hole P1 hole P2 hole PN hole PX hole 10 anode electrode bar 11 graphite paste 12 fixing tool 13 reinforcing tool 20 double electrode cylinder 22 outer cylinder 23 cathode electrode bar 24 Inner cylinder 25 Drainage mechanism 26 Contaminant adsorbing means 30 Single electrode cylinder 31 Non-woven filter 32 Perforated cylinder 40 Punch driving mechanism 41 Electrode cylinder insertion section 42 Punch driving section 43 Press fitting adjusting section 44 Casing 47 Punch driving power section 48 Electrode cylinder Insertion holding device 49 Earth drill 50 Arrangement adjustment part 51 Spacing adjustment rail 52 Reverse rotation prevention device
53 Vertical movement device 55 Guide unit 60 Elevating mechanism 61 Pulley 62 Wire 63 Wire adjuster 70 Power mechanism 71 Power transmission unit 72 Elevating power transmission unit 73 Power transmission shaft 74 Bottom portion 75 Frame portion 76 Column body 79 Power unit 80 Movement direction conversion mechanism 81 Height adjusting unit 82 Moving / frame fixing unit 83 Moving plate 100 Soil container 101 Unit device 102 Device set 111 Upper frame 112 Anode bridge 113 Cathode bridge 121 Pole (anode side) 122 Lead wire (anode side)
123 Suspension tool (anode side) 124 Drainage horizontal pipe (anode side)
131 Pole (cathode side) 132 Lead wire (cathode side)
133 Lifting device (cathode side) 134 Drainage horizontal pipe (cathode side)
200 target soil

Claims (13)

In the method of purifying soil by installing a cathode electrode and an anode electrode in contaminated soil and energizing these electrodes, a plurality of holes for installing the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are set in advance, and the electrodes are installed in these holes. A soil purification method, wherein the soil is purified by energization, and the cathode electrode and the anode electrode installed in advance are moved to another position as the purification level progresses. The soil purification method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of holes in which the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are previously installed are between the electric anode and the cathode direction over the stratum of the concentration of the solute containing heavy metal ions, Alternatively, the soil purification method is characterized in that the soil is fixed at a certain position between the cathode and the anode. The soil purification method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a substance for adsorbing and removing contaminants is housed in the cathode electrode and the anode electrode. 3. The soil purification method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the progress level of the purification is determined by observing the distribution type and the progress speed of the ion concentration climatic layer, and for the point where the progress speed of the purification is delayed, A soil purification method in which a cathode electrode and an anode electrode are installed in a hole corresponding to the sandwiching position, and then the electrodes are energized to uniform the variation in the purification level of the entire soil. 3. The soil remediation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein after the soil remediation work is completed, the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are exchanged to be energized, or an alkaline substance or leaching is applied to the electrode cylinder in which the electrode is disposed. A soil remediation method that restores the properties of the soil after remediation by inserting a substance intended to replenish the soil components. The soil purification method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a photovoltaic power generation device is disposed in an upper space of the purification target area, and the purification work is performed by electricity generated by the power generation device. A graphite paste formed by adding a binder to graphite and kneading it into a rod shape is formed, and a reinforcing tool is fixed to the periphery of the upper end and the lower end of the graphite paste, and an electrode rod in which the fixing tool is configured in a net shape on the peripheral surface . A double electrode cylinder comprising a cylindrical outer cylinder around which a highly permeable filter is wound, and an inner cylinder having an electrode rod and a drainage function inside the outer cylinder. A cylindrical outer cylinder around which a water-permeable filter is wound, and a single electrode cylinder having an electrode rod inside the outer cylinder. A column that stands upright at both ends of the device, and a frame that connects the top of the column,
A drilling drive mechanism installed in the frame, a lifting mechanism for lifting and lowering the drilling drive mechanism, and a power mechanism for operating the lifting mechanism,
The perforation drive mechanism is constituted by an electrode tube insertion portion, a perforation drive portion that rotates or presses the electrode tube insertion portion, and a press fit adjustment portion that adjusts the press fit pressure and height,
The lifting mechanism is constituted by a pulley and a wire attached to a frame part,
The electrode cylinder installation apparatus which comprised the said power mechanism with the power transmission part, the raising / lowering power transmission part, and the power transmission shaft. A movable outer container containing contaminated soil, a cylindrical outer cylinder around which a highly permeable filter is wound, and an inner cylinder having an electrode rod and a drainage function inside the outer cylinder. A heavy electrode cylinder;
A cylindrical outer cylinder around which a water-permeable filter is wound, and a single electrode cylinder having an electrode rod inside the outer cylinder are arranged at regular intervals,
A portable soil pollutant removal apparatus for conducting electrical restoration of soil in a soil container by applying direct current electricity to the electrode rod. In the method of purifying the soil by installing a cathode electrode and an anode electrode in the contaminated soil and energizing these electrodes,
Contain the contaminated soil in a movable soil container, provide a plurality of holes to install a cathode electrode and an anode electrode in the contaminated soil,
A cylindrical outer cylinder in which a highly permeable filter is wound around the hole, and a double electrode cylinder including an electrode rod and an inner cylinder having a drainage function inside the outer cylinder,
A cylindrical outer cylinder around which a water-permeable filter is wound, and a single electrode cylinder having an electrode rod inside the outer cylinder are arranged at regular intervals,
Next, the soil is purified by energizing the electrode rod with direct current electricity, and then the previously installed electrodes are transferred to other electrode cylinders as the purification level progresses. In the soil purification method characterized by transferring a pre-installed electrode to another electrode tube, a plurality of electrode rods are pre-installed on all or part of the single electrode tube to which the electrode is scheduled to move. A method for soil purification in which this electrode bar array is configured in a fixed electric system, and a control mechanism such as electrical switching is provided on the electrode bar array to provide the electrode bar array with an energization switching function.

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