JP2013102379A - Power distributing and synthesizing circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power distributing and synthesizing circuit which is simply constituted with a single dielectric substrate, and providing both maintenance of stable circuit performance and air-tight sealing by suppressing cavity resonance.SOLUTION: A metal case 50 includes a hollowed-out part 110, and a cavity 200 in which a dielectric substrate 10, in which M pieces of coupling line type couplers 101-104 are arranged in ring so as to enclose the hollowed-out part 110, is sealed. The metal case is constituted by including a bottom surface 219 arranged on the rear surface side of the dielectric substrate 10, a metal plate 51 arranged on the front surface side of the dielectric substrate 10, a metal wall 210 which is arranged on an inner peripheral side surface side of the hollowed-out part 110, to penetrate the hollowed-out part 110 while electrically connected to the bottom surface 219 and the metal plate 51, and metal walls 211-218 which are arranged on the outer peripheral side surface side of the dielectric substrate 10 and electrically connected to the bottom surface 219 and the metal plate 51. The M pieces of coupling line type couplers 101-104 are constituted with multi-stage coupling line or taper coupling line.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power distribution and synthesis circuit used as a distribution circuit and a synthesis circuit in a high frequency band such as a microwave band and a millimeter wave band.

  Conventionally, as a power distribution and synthesis circuit configured by connecting a plurality of directional couplers (couplers), for example, by connecting four coupled lines formed in a multilayer substrate, a single dielectric substrate can be used. One that can be simply configured is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  Further, a high frequency device capable of hermetically sealing a dielectric substrate by enclosing the dielectric substrate on which the power distribution / synthesis circuit as described above is configured in a metal package (hereinafter referred to as “metal case”). A package for use is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

US Pat. No. 4,075,581 JP-A-1-138737

  The metal case shown in Patent Document 2 has a cavity resonance frequency determined by the case dimensions, and the amount of unnecessary coupling between terminals increases at the frequency at which cavity resonance occurs, so that stable circuit performance is maintained. It becomes difficult. Therefore, when using a metal case, it is desirable to use it at a frequency lower than the frequency at which cavity resonance occurs. That is, in the rectangular parallelepiped cavity, it is desirable that the length of the second longest side among the vertical dimension, the horizontal dimension, and the height dimension is suppressed to ½ wavelength or less of the use center frequency.

  On the other hand, the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in Patent Document 1 is composed of a square-shaped dielectric substrate to which four coupled lines are connected, and the length of one side of the dielectric substrate is equal to the coupled line length. Dependent. Here, in the case of a commonly used one-stage coupled line, the length of the coupled line is about ¼ wavelength of the center frequency of use. Can be sealed in a metal case having a length equal to or less than ½ wavelength of the center frequency of use, so that both stable circuit performance and airtight sealing can be achieved.

  However, when the coupled line is a multi-stage coupled line having two or more stages, the coupled line length is about N / 4 wavelength (N is an integer of 2 or more) of the center frequency of use, so that the length of one side of the dielectric substrate As the number of steps increases, the length of one side becomes difficult to encapsulate in a metal case having a length equal to or less than ½ wavelength of the use center frequency.

  Therefore, in the conventional technique, there is a problem that it is difficult to achieve both stable circuit performance maintenance and hermetic sealing in a power distribution and synthesis circuit using a plurality of multistage coupled lines. This problem also applies to a tapered coupled line whose coupled line length is longer than a quarter wavelength of the center frequency used.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is configured simply with a single dielectric substrate, and maintains stable circuit performance and hermetic sealing by suppressing cavity resonance. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a power distribution and synthesis circuit that can be made compatible.

  A power distribution and synthesis circuit according to the present invention includes a dielectric substrate having a cut-through portion penetrating from the front surface to the back surface, a ground conductor formed on a surface layer or a surface layer and an inner layer of the dielectric substrate, and a surface layer of the dielectric substrate. And a signal line conductor formed on at least one of the inner layers, a ground conductor and a signal line conductor, and have a first terminal pair, a second terminal pair, a third terminal pair, and a fourth terminal pair, When the pair is an input terminal pair, the second terminal pair is an isolated terminal pair, the third terminal pair is a coupled terminal pair, and the fourth terminal pair is a passing terminal pair (M is an integer of 2 or more). A coupled line type coupler, a first metal wall disposed on the back surface side of the dielectric substrate, a second metal wall disposed on the front surface side of the dielectric substrate, and an inner circumferential side surface of the cut-through portion. A first metal wall and a second metal wall, A dielectric substrate comprising: a third metal wall that is electrically connected; and a fourth metal wall that is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected to the first metal wall and the second metal wall. A metal case having a cavity enclosing the inside, and formed on at least one wall surface of the first metal wall, the second metal wall, the third metal wall, and the fourth metal wall, from the first terminal pair or the second terminal pair A signal extraction unit that extracts the signal of the first to the outside, and the M coupled line couplers are connected to a fourth terminal pair of an adjacent coupled line coupler with a third terminal pair of any coupled line coupler. The M-coupled line couplers are arranged in a ring so as to surround the cut-out portion, and the M-coupled line type coupler includes a multistage coupled line in which at least two types of coupled lines are connected in series, and a signal line conductor shape in the signal transmission direction. Tapered coupling changing continuously It is formed using either the road.

The power distribution / combination circuit according to the present invention has a hollow that encloses a dielectric substrate that has a hollow portion, and in which M coupled-line couplers are annularly arranged so as to surround the hollow portion. The metal case is disposed on the inner peripheral side surface of the first metal wall disposed on the back surface side of the dielectric substrate, the second metal wall disposed on the front surface side of the dielectric substrate, and the cut-through portion. A third metal wall that penetrates and is electrically connected to the first metal wall and the second metal wall, and is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the dielectric substrate, and is electrically connected to the first metal wall and the second metal wall. The M coupled line type couplers are configured by any one of a multi-stage coupled line and a tapered coupled line.
Therefore, it is simply configured with a single dielectric substrate, and it is possible to achieve both stable circuit performance maintenance and hermetic sealing by suppressing cavity resonance.

(A)-(c) is a block diagram which shows the electric power distribution synthetic | combination circuit based on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which extracts and shows the shape of the dielectric substrate of the electric power distribution synthetic | combination circuit shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which extracts and shows the shape of the metal case of the electric power distribution synthetic | combination circuit shown in FIG. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing which shows the simulation result about the power distribution synthetic | combination circuit shown in FIG. (A), (b) is a block diagram which extracts and shows the shape of another metal case of the electric power distribution synthetic | combination circuit shown in FIG. (A)-(c) It is a block diagram which shows the electric power distribution combination circuit which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. (A)-(c) It is a block diagram which shows the power distribution synthetic | combination circuit based on Embodiment 3 of this invention. (A)-(c) It is a block diagram which shows the power distribution synthetic | combination circuit based on Embodiment 4 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a power distribution and synthesis circuit according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts will be described with the same reference numerals. In the following embodiments, a multi-stage coupled line will be described by taking a two-stage coupled line as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a coupled line having three or more stages may be used. Moreover, you may use the taper coupling line whose coupling line length is longer than 1/4 wavelength of use center frequency, and a signal wire conductor shape changes continuously with respect to a signal transmission direction.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a power distribution / combination circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view showing the power distribution / combination circuit in a transparent manner, and FIG. FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the power distribution / combination circuit of FIG. 1 (a) taken along line AA, and FIG. 1 (c) shows the power distribution / combination circuit of FIG. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected along.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the power distribution and synthesis circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a ground conductor 11 is formed in the lower layer of the dielectric substrate 10, and the ground conductor is formed in the upper layer of the dielectric substrate 10. 12 is formed. Further, signal line conductors 21, 22, 23, and 24 are formed on the inner layer of the dielectric substrate 10, and four coupled line couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104 are configured by strip lines.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the coupled-line couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104 have a2, b2, c2, and d2 when the input terminal pairs (first terminal pairs) are a1, b1, c1, and d1, respectively. Is an isolated terminal pair (isolation terminal pair, second terminal pair), a3, b3, c3, d3 are coupled terminal pairs (third terminal pair), and a4, b4, c4, d4 are passing terminal pairs (fourth). 4 terminal pair circuit to be a terminal pair).

  At this time, the coupling terminal pair a3 of the coupling line type coupler 101 is connected to the passing terminal pair d4 of the adjacent coupling line type coupler 104, and similarly, the coupling terminal pair d3 is connected to the passing terminal pair c4. Since c3 is connected to the passing terminal pair b4 and the coupling terminal pair b3 is connected to the passing terminal pair a4, the four coupled line couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104 are arranged in a ring shape.

  Here, the coupled line type couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104 are two-stage coupled lines in which two types of coupled lines, a coupled line having a coupled line length L1 and a coupled line having a coupled line length L2, are connected in series. . The coupled line lengths L1 and L2 are preferably set to about ¼ wavelength of the center frequency used.

  In addition, the signal line conductors 21, 22, 23, and 24 are arranged in a total of eight signal line conductors 20 arranged on the surface layer of the dielectric substrate 10 via columnar conductors 30 provided in the inner layer of the dielectric substrate 10. And are electrically connected. Note that a columnar conductor 31 that electrically connects the ground conductor 11 and the ground conductor 12 is provided in the inner layer of the dielectric substrate 10 in order to keep the ground conductor 11 and the ground conductor 12 at the same potential. . A plurality of columnar conductors 31 are provided along the outer periphery and inner periphery of the dielectric substrate 10.

  The dielectric substrate 10 is enclosed in the metal case 50. At this time, the entire surface or a part of the ground conductor 11 is electrically connected to the metal case 50. As a means for ensuring electrical connection with the metal case 50, it is conceivable to connect a conductive adhesive or a conductive sheet (not shown) at the boundary between the ground conductor 11 and the metal case 50. In addition, as shown in an embodiment described later, connection by screwing or the like may be used.

  Next, the shape of the dielectric substrate 10 of the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 1 is extracted and shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the signal line conductors 21, 22, 23, 24 and the columnar conductors 30, 31 arranged in the inner layer of the dielectric substrate 10 are omitted. In FIG. 2, the shape of the dielectric substrate 10 is different from a generally used rectangular or square substrate, and has a cut-out portion 110 at the center and cutout portions 111, 112, 113, 114, 115 on the outer periphery. , 116, 117, 118, and has a shape like a symbol “#”.

  At this time, the cut-out portion 110 corresponds to an inner portion surrounded by the coupled line couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104 connected in a ring shape in FIG. On the other hand, the notches 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118 are signal line conductors 21, 22, This corresponds to the remaining portion excluding the portion in which the peripheral portion of the signal line conductor 20 connected to 23 and 24 is left in a protruding shape.

  Subsequently, the shape of the metal case 50 of the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 1 is extracted and shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, a cavity 200 is formed in the metal case 50. In order to form the cavity 200, a metal wall (third metal wall) 210 and metal walls (fourth metal wall) 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218 are provided. Note that the metal wall 210 and the metal walls 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, and 218 are electrically connected to the bottom surface (first metal wall) 219, respectively.

  Here, the metal wall 210 is a portion corresponding to the cut-through portion 110 in FIG. On the other hand, the metal walls 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, and 218 are portions corresponding to the notches 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, and 118 in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the metal wall 210 penetrates the cut-out portion 110 of the dielectric substrate 10, the dielectric substrate 10 is sealed inside the metal case 50.

  Returning to FIG. 1, on the side surface of the metal case 50, there is a connector (signal extraction portion) composed of the signal line conductor 41, the dielectric 42, and the cable connection portion 43 in the vicinity of the signal line conductors 20 arranged in a total of eight locations. ) 44 is attached. The signal line conductor 20 and the signal line conductor 41 are electrically connected by a connection conductor 40. For the connection conductor 40, solder, ribbon, or the like is used, but other means may be used as long as electrical connection is ensured.

  The upper part of the metal case 50 is covered with a metal plate (second metal wall) 51, and the metal case 50 and the metal plate 51 are electrically connected. At this time, the cavity 200 inside the metal case 50 is shielded from the outside air and hermetically sealed. At this time, the metal wall 210 constituting the metal case 50 is in contact with the metal plate 51, and the metal walls 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217 and 218 constituting the metal case 50 are also the metal plate 51. Contact with.

  In order to hermetically seal the cavity 200, the dielectric 42 is made of a material suitable for hermetic sealing. The dielectric 42 may be made of glass or ceramic, but other materials may be used as long as hermetic sealing can be realized. In the first embodiment, the connector connection is realized on the side surface of the metal case 50 as an example. However, the connector connection may be realized on the bottom surface of the metal case or the upper surface of the metal plate.

  The connector 44 to which the input terminal pair a1 of the coupled line coupler 101 is connected is defined as the first port P1, and a total of eight ports are respectively set in the first port P1, the second port P2, and the third port counterclockwise. P3, fourth port P4, fifth port P5, sixth port P6, seventh port P7, and eighth port P8.

  In the power distribution / combination circuit shown in FIG. 1, the power input to the first port P1 is output from the third port P3, the fourth port P4, the seventh port P7, and the eighth port P8 with a certain amplitude ratio and phase difference. Function as a 4-distributor. On the other hand, in the power distribution and combination circuit shown in FIG. 1, the power input to the third port P3, the fourth port P4, the seventh port P7, and the eighth port P8 with a certain amplitude ratio and phase difference is combined power. It also functions as a 4-synthesizer output from the first port P1. On the other hand, when power is input to the first port P1, the second port P2, the fifth port P5, and the sixth port P6 are isolation ports, and only a small amount of power is output.

  In addition, when enclosing the conventional power distribution synthetic | combination circuit shown by patent document 1 in a metal case, since a dielectric substrate is square shape, the rectangular parallelepiped cavity structure which has a square bottom face is required. At this time, the required vertical and horizontal dimensions of the rectangular parallelepiped cavity correspond to W0 in FIG. 1, and the height dimension corresponds to H1. Here, in order to avoid cavity resonance, W0, which is the second longest dimension of the rectangular parallelepiped, needs to be equal to or less than ½ wavelength of the use center frequency regardless of the magnitude relationship between W0 and H1. As shown in FIG. 1, W0 corresponds to L1 + L2 + L3 + L4 and depends on the coupled line length (L1 + L2 in this case).

  In the case of a multistage coupled line, a coupled line length of N / 4 wavelength (N is an integer of 2 or more) of the used center frequency is required, and the maximum frequency that can be used as a coupled line is less than twice the used center frequency. Therefore, the multistage coupled line length is N / 2 wavelength at a frequency twice the used center frequency.

  Here, L1 and L2 can be shortened by increasing the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 10 due to the effect of shortening the wavelength. Since the rate stays at 1 / √10, that is, about 1/3, it is necessary to use a material having a high relative dielectric constant in order to keep W0 to ½ wavelength or less of the center frequency of use. However, as the number of stages increases, the required dielectric constant value also increases, so the number of substrate material options is drastically reduced, making implementation difficult.

  In addition, when W0 cannot be suppressed to ½ wavelength or less of the use center frequency, cavity resonance occurs and inter-port space coupling through the cavity increases. For example, in FIG. 1, when the spatial coupling between the first port P1 and the eighth port P8 increases, the power transmitted from the first port P1 to the eighth port P8 by the power distribution and synthesis circuit and the first port due to the spatial coupling. Since the power transmitted from P1 to the eighth port P8 is vector-synthesized, the amplitude characteristic and phase characteristic of the S parameter S81 indicating the passing characteristic from the first port P1 to the eighth port P8 are the same as those of the power distribution synthesis circuit itself. Due to fluctuations in characteristics, stable circuit performance cannot be maintained.

  On the other hand, in the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 1, the occupied portion of the coupled line is W0 × W0 as in the conventional structure, but is surrounded by four coupled line couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104. Since the inner portion is partitioned by the metal wall 210, the dimension for determining the resonance frequency is the longer of the width dimension W1 of the cavity 200 and the height dimension H1 of the cavity 200.

  Here, since H1 can usually be shortened to a dimension substantially equal to the thickness of the dielectric substrate 10, generally W1> H1 in many cases. In this case, in order to avoid cavity resonance, W1 needs to be equal to or less than ½ wavelength of the use center frequency. At this time, as is apparent from FIG. 1, W1 is smaller than W0 and has a dimension corresponding to the coupled line width. In addition, since W1 is a dimension that does not depend on the coupled line length L1 + L2, the dimension of W1 can be maintained even if the number of stages of the coupled line is increased.

  Therefore, it is possible to avoid the phenomenon that the cavity resonance frequency decreases with an increase in the number of coupled lines, which has been a problem in the conventional structure, and it is possible to achieve stabilization of the circuit performance of the power distribution and synthesis circuit. . Further, since it is not necessary to use a substrate material having a high relative dielectric constant in order to avoid cavity resonance as described above, it is also possible to use a printed circuit board having a relative dielectric constant of about 3 to 5 that is normally used. And productivity can be improved.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the dielectric substrate 10 has a protruding substrate extending portion (first protruding substrate extending portion) and has a shape like a symbol “#”. Similarly, it has a shape like the symbol “#”. Further, in FIG. 1, the lead-out portion of the cavity 200 to each of the first port P1 to the eighth port P8 has a lateral width W2 and a length L5.

  Here, when the dielectric substrate 10 has a “b” shape having only the cut-out portion 110, it is possible to obtain an effect that the cavity resonance can be easily avoided as described above. However, since the connection part between the signal line conductor 20 and the connector 44 is highly discontinuous and generates an unnecessary radiated electromagnetic field, the coupling due to such an unnecessary radiated electromagnetic field is particularly caused between adjacent ports ( For example, there is a problem that it becomes large between the first port P1 and the eighth port P8.

  On the other hand, in the power distribution / combination circuit shown in FIG. 1, unnecessary waveguide mode can be attenuated by setting W2 to be equal to or less than ½ wavelength of the used center frequency, and L5 can be lengthened. By doing so, unnecessary waveguide modes can be similarly attenuated, so that the amount of unnecessary coupling between ports can be further reduced. Moreover, since the dimension W2 does not depend on the coupled line length, the dimension of W2 can be maintained even if the number of coupled line stages is increased.

  Next, FIG. 4 shows the result of a simulation performed to confirm the effect obtained by the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, a solid line indicates a simulation result obtained by the power distribution and synthesis circuit (structure of the present invention) shown in FIG. 1, and a broken line indicates a simulation result obtained by the conventional structure.

  Here, in the conventional structure, a rectangular parallelepiped dielectric substrate without the cut-out portion 110 and the notches 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, and 118 shown in FIG. The structure is enclosed in a metal case. In addition, as a simulation condition, the number of stages of the coupled line is five, and a dielectric substrate having a relative dielectric constant of 3.4 is used. Further, the coupled line portion is a hybrid coupler in which the distribution amplitude is substantially equal. For the simulation, a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation by a finite element method was used.

  FIG. 4A shows the result of simulating the amount of unnecessary coupling that occurs between the first port P1 and the eighth port P8 in the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. FIG. 4B shows the amplitudes of the S parameters S31, S41, S71, and S81 representing the passing characteristics from the first port P1 to the third port P3, the fourth port P4, the seventh port P7, and the eighth port P8. The result of having simulated the deviation characteristic is shown. FIG. 4C shows the result of simulating the phase difference characteristics of S71 and S81. Note that the horizontal axis of FIG. 4 is the normalized frequency, and the frequency at which the normalized frequency is 1 indicates the use center frequency. The design frequency band has a normalized frequency in the range of 0.5 to 1.5.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, in the conventional structure, first, an unnecessary coupling amount maximal characteristic due to cavity resonance appears in the vicinity of the normalized frequency 0.35, and there are a plurality of characteristics in a frequency band of the normalized frequency 0.35 or more. The resonance phenomenon appears. On the other hand, in the structure of the present invention, it can be seen that the resonance phenomenon does not appear in the range of the normalized frequency of 0.5 to 1.5, and the amount of unnecessary coupling is suppressed to be small.

  It can also be seen that the characteristics of the distribution amplitude deviation and the distribution phase difference shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C are improved by reducing the amount of unnecessary coupling. That is, as shown in FIG. 4B, it can be seen that the distribution amplitude deviation of 1 dB at maximum occurs in the conventional structure, but is reduced to 0.8 dB or less in the structure of the present invention. Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, in the conventional structure, a distribution phase difference of 90 degrees to ± 9 degrees, which is an ideal state, is generated, but in the structure of the present invention, it is reduced to within ± 2 degrees. I understand.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, a cavity that encloses a dielectric substrate that has a hollow portion and is arranged in an annular shape so that M coupled line couplers surround the hollow portion. The metal case having the first metal wall disposed on the back surface side of the dielectric substrate, the second metal wall disposed on the front surface side of the dielectric substrate, the inner peripheral side surface side of the hollow portion, and the hollow portion And a third metal wall that is electrically connected to the first metal wall and the second metal wall, and is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the dielectric substrate, and is electrically connected to the first metal wall and the second metal wall. The M coupled line couplers are configured by either one of a multistage coupled line or a tapered coupled line.
Therefore, it is simply configured with a single dielectric substrate, and it is possible to achieve both stable circuit performance maintenance and hermetic sealing by suppressing cavity resonance.

  In the first embodiment, the metal case 50 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 3, and may have a structure as shown in FIG. FIG. 5 (a) is a plan view showing an excerpt of the shape of another metal case of the power distribution and synthesis circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 5 (b) is a plan view of FIG. 5 (a). It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected the metal case along CC line. In FIG. 5, a metal removal unit 220 is provided inside the metal wall 210. Although not shown, the metal in the outer portion of the metal walls 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218 may be removed.

  In the first embodiment, the dielectric substrate 10 having the shape like the symbol “#” in which the protruding substrate extending portions are formed in all the eight ports is described as an example. Without limitation, the shape of the dielectric substrate may be a “b” shape that does not have a protruding substrate extending portion, and the protruding substrate extending portion may be formed only in a specific port. This also applies to Embodiments 3 and 4 described later.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a power distribution / combination circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 6 (a) is a plan view showing the power distribution / combination circuit in a transparent manner, and FIG. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the power distribution and synthesis circuit of Fig. 6 (a) cut along line DD, and Fig. 6 (c) shows the power distribution and synthesis circuit of Fig. 6 (a) taken along line EE. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected along.

  Here, in the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 1, the circuit configuration in which the four coupled line couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104 are annularly arranged has been described as an example, but the power shown in FIG. In the distribution and synthesis circuit, a circuit configuration in which two coupled line couplers 101 and 103 are connected will be described. That is, the power distribution / combination circuit shown in FIG. 6 functions as a two distributor in which the power input to the first port P1 is output from the third port P3 and the fourth port P4 with a certain amplitude ratio and phase difference. .

  On the other hand, the power distribution and combination circuit shown in FIG. 6 is configured such that power input to the third port P3 and the fourth port P4 with a certain amplitude ratio and phase difference is output from the first port P1 as combined power. It also functions as a vessel. On the other hand, when power is input to the first port P1, the second port P2 is an isolation port, and only a small amount of power is output. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 6, the cavity 200 in the portion where the coupled line type couplers 101 and 103 are arranged has a lateral width W1, and the cavity 200 in the portion where the connection lines 105 and 106 for connecting the coupled line type couplers 101 and 103 are arranged. Has a width of W3. Here, assuming that the height dimension H1 of the cavity 200 is small compared to W1, in order to suppress the cavity resonance in the conventional structure, the dimension of 2 × W1 is suppressed to ½ wavelength or less of the use center frequency. There is a need.

  On the other hand, in the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 6, the cavity resonance can be suppressed by setting W1 to be equal to or less than ½ wavelength of the center frequency of use, and an unnecessary resonance frequency is reduced to about that of the conventional structure. Can be doubled. In addition, W3 corresponding to the part where the connection lines 105 and 106 are arranged can generally be made smaller than W1 corresponding to the part where the coupled line type couplers 101 and 103 are arranged. Even if the wavelength exceeds the half wavelength of the center frequency, the first port P1 to the third port P3 or the first port P1 to the fourth can be used if W3 can be suppressed to ½ wavelength or less of the used center frequency. Unnecessary coupling to the port P4 is reduced, and deterioration of the distribution amplitude characteristic and the distribution phase characteristic can be reduced.

  That is, in the power distribution / combination circuit shown in FIG. 1, the dimension necessary for stabilizing the distribution amplitude characteristic and the distribution phase characteristic is W1, but in the power distribution / combination circuit shown in FIG. The dimension necessary for stabilizing the phase characteristic is W3. As described above, W1> W3 can be satisfied, so that the upper limit frequency capable of ensuring stable operation can be increased.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained, and the circuit performance (operation) that is stable up to a higher frequency as compared with the first embodiment. Can be maintained.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a power distribution / combination circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 7 (a) is a plan view showing the power distribution / combination circuit in a transparent manner, and FIG. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the power distribution / combination circuit of Fig. 7 (a) cut along line FF, and Fig. 7 (c) shows the power distribution / combination circuit of Fig. 7 (a) along line GG. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected along.

  In the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 7, the shape of the dielectric substrate 10 around the first port P1 and the shape of the metal case 50 in the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 61 is screwed to the metal case 50. Specifically, the tip of the protruding substrate extending portion formed in the dielectric substrate 10 is enlarged in the vertical direction of the protruding substrate extending portion, and a screw hole through which the screw 61 passes is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 7, the cavity 62 around the site where the screw 61 is disposed has a width dimension of W4 and a longitudinal dimension of W5. As shown in FIG. 7, in order to arrange the screw 61, the width dimension W4 is larger than the width dimension W2 of the lead-out portion to each port, and may exceed the half wavelength of the use center frequency. is there. However, if W2 and W5 can be made ½ wavelength or less of the center frequency of use, resonance in the cavity 62 can be suppressed, and unnecessary coupling with other ports can be reduced.

  In the power distribution / combination circuit shown in FIG. 1, a place to place the screw 61 is not secured, and in order to electrically connect the ground conductor 11 and the metal case 50, it is necessary to use a conductive adhesive or the like. However, in the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 7, since screwing can be applied instead of the conductive adhesive or the like, it is possible to simplify assembly while suppressing unnecessary resonance. it can.

  As described above, according to the third embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained, and the assemblability can be improved as compared with the first embodiment.

  In the third embodiment, the case where two screws 61 are used has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of screws 61 may be one or three or more. In the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 7, the case where the screw 61 is arranged only in the peripheral portion of the first port P1 has been described as an example. However, similar screwing points are provided in the peripheral portion of other ports. It may be provided.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a power distribution / combination circuit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 8 (a) is a plan view showing the power distribution / combination circuit in a transparent manner, and FIG. 8 (b). FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the power distribution / combination circuit of FIG. 8 (a) cut along the line HH, and FIG. 8 (c) shows the power distribution / combination circuit of FIG. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected along.

  In the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 8, the shape of the dielectric substrate 10 around the coupled line coupler 104 and the shape of the metal case 50 in the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. Screwed to the metal case 50 by screws 61. Specifically, in the periphery of the coupled line coupler 104, the dielectric substrate 10 extends toward the cut-out portion 110 to form a protruding substrate extending portion (second protruding substrate extending portion). A screw hole through which the screw 61 passes is provided in the extending portion. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 8, the cavity 63 around the part where the screw 61 is disposed has a width dimension of W6 and a longitudinal dimension of W7. As shown in FIG. 8, in order to dispose the screw 61, the width dimension W6 becomes larger than the width dimension W1 of the cavity 200 in which the coupled line coupler 104 is disposed, and 1 / of the use center frequency. May exceed 2 wavelengths. However, if W1 and W7 can be reduced to ½ wavelength or less of the use center frequency, resonance in the cavity 63 can be suppressed, and unnecessary coupling between the ports can be reduced.

  Therefore, as in the third embodiment described above, in the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 8, since screwing can be applied instead of the conductive adhesive or the like, after suppressing unnecessary resonance, Assembling can be simplified.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained, and the ease of assembly can be improved as compared with the first embodiment.

  In the fourth embodiment, the case where one screw 61 is used inside the coupling line couplers 101, 102, 103, 104 arranged in a ring is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The protruding substrate extending portions may be formed on the outer sides of the coupling line type couplers 101, 102, 103, 104 arranged in an annular shape, or the protruding substrate extending portions may be formed on both the inner side and the outer side. Further, the number of screws 61 may be two or more. In the power distribution and synthesis circuit shown in FIG. 8, the case where the screw 61 is arranged only in the peripheral portion of the coupled line type coupler 104 has been described as an example, but the same applies to the peripheral portions of other coupled line type couplers. You may provide a screwing location.

  In the first to fourth embodiments, the strip line type coupling line in which the ground conductor 11 and the ground conductor 12 are respectively formed on the lower layer and the upper layer of the dielectric substrate 10 has been described as an example. Without being limited, the ground conductor 11 and the ground conductor 12 may be disposed in the inner layer of the dielectric substrate 10. Alternatively, an embedded microstrip line without the ground conductor 11 or the ground conductor 12 may be used. Further, part or all of the signal line conductors 21, 22, 23, 24 may be formed on the surface layer of the dielectric substrate 10.

  In the first to fourth embodiments, the signal line conductors 21 and 23 and the signal line conductors 22 and 24 (in the second embodiment, the signal line conductor 21 and the signal line conductor 22) are formed in different layers. However, the signal line conductors 21 and 23 and the signal line conductors 22 and 24 may be formed in the same layer. In this case, an air bridge, a wire, a conductor pattern arranged on another layer, an interlayer connection conductor, or the like is used for a place where the signal line conductors interfere with each other. At this time, the line format may be any of stripline, embedded microstrip line, and microstrip line.

  In the first to fourth embodiments, the coupled line couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104 are configured by a single multi-stage (for example, two-stage) coupled line. May be connected in cascade, and a tandem configuration in which two multi-stage coupled lines are connected may be used.

  In the first to fourth embodiments, when the four coupled line couplers 101, 102, 103, and 104 are arranged in a ring (in the second embodiment, the two coupled line couplers 101 and 103 are arranged in a ring. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and three or five or more coupled line type couplers may be arranged in a ring shape.

  Moreover, although the said Embodiment 1-4 demonstrated and demonstrated as an example the case where the connector 44 was attached to all the 8 ports in total (4 ports in Embodiment 2), it is limited to this. Instead, the specific port may be terminated by connecting a terminator using a lossy material inside the metal case 50. At this time, the lossy material may be configured in the dielectric substrate 10 or may be configured outside.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Dielectric board | substrate, 11, 12 Ground conductor, 20-24 Signal line conductor, 30, 31 Columnar conductor, 40 Connection conductor, 41 Signal line conductor, 42 Dielectric, 43 Cable connection part, 44 Connector, 50 Metal case, 51 metal plate (second metal wall), 61 screw, 62, 63 cavity, 101-104 coupling line type coupler, 105, 106 connection line, 110 cut-out part, 111-118 notch part, 200 cavity, 210 metal wall (Third metal wall), 211-218 metal wall (fourth metal wall), 219 bottom surface (first metal wall), 220 metal removal part, a1-d1 input terminal pair, a2-d2 isolation terminal pair, a3-d3 Pair of coupling terminals, a4 to d4 passing terminal pair, P1 first port, P2 second port, P3 third port, P4 fourth port, P5 fifth port, P6 sixth port G, P7 7th port, P8 8th port.

Claims (4)

A dielectric substrate having a cut-through portion penetrating from the front surface toward the back surface;
A ground conductor formed on a surface layer or a surface layer and an inner layer of the dielectric substrate;
A signal line conductor formed on at least one of a surface layer and an inner layer of the dielectric substrate;
When constituted by the ground conductor and the signal line conductor, and having a first terminal pair, a second terminal pair, a third terminal pair, and a fourth terminal pair, and the first terminal pair is an input terminal pair, M (M is an integer of 2 or more) coupled line type couplers in which the second terminal pair is an isolated terminal pair, the third terminal pair is a coupled terminal pair, and the fourth terminal pair is a passing terminal pair;
A first metal wall disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate;
A second metal wall disposed on the surface side of the dielectric substrate;
A third metal wall that is disposed on an inner peripheral side surface of the cut-through portion and penetrates the cut-through portion and is electrically connected to the first metal wall and the second metal wall; and the dielectric substrate. A metal case that is disposed on an outer peripheral side surface of the first metal wall and is configured by a fourth metal wall that is electrically connected to the first metal wall and the second metal wall, and having a cavity that encloses the dielectric substrate;
Formed on at least one wall surface of the first metal wall, the second metal wall, the third metal wall, and the fourth metal wall, and extracts a signal from the first terminal pair or the second terminal pair to the outside. A signal extraction unit,
The M coupled-line couplers are annularly connected so that the third terminal pair of an arbitrary coupled-line coupler is connected to the fourth terminal pair of an adjacent coupled-line coupler and surrounds the cut-out portion. And the M coupled line type couplers are a multi-stage coupled line in which at least two types of coupled lines are connected in series, and a taper coupling in which the signal line conductor shape continuously changes in the signal transmission direction. A power distribution and synthesis circuit comprising one of the lines. The dielectric substrate is
Having at least one first protrusion-shaped substrate extending portion formed by extending on the outer peripheral side surface of the dielectric substrate;
2. The electric power according to claim 1, wherein a signal line conductor connected to the first terminal pair or the second terminal pair is disposed on at least one of a surface layer and an inner layer of the protruding substrate extending portion. Distribution synthesis circuit. At least one screw for fixing the dielectric substrate and at least one of the first metal wall and the second metal wall;
The first protruding substrate extending portion is
The width dimension of the protrusion tip is longer than the width dimension of the protrusion root,
The power distribution and synthesis circuit according to claim 2, wherein a screw hole through which the screw passes is provided at the tip of the protrusion. At least one screw for fixing the dielectric substrate and at least one of the first metal wall and the second metal wall;
The dielectric substrate is
The M coupled-line couplers having at least one second protruding substrate extending portion formed by extending to the inner peripheral side surface of the cut-through portion or the outer peripheral side surface side of the dielectric substrate;
4. The power distribution and synthesis circuit according to claim 1, wherein a screw hole through which the screw passes is provided in the second protruding substrate extending portion. 5.

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