JP2013100687A - Water intake apparatus - Google Patents

Water intake apparatus Download PDF

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JP2013100687A
JP2013100687A JP2011245167A JP2011245167A JP2013100687A JP 2013100687 A JP2013100687 A JP 2013100687A JP 2011245167 A JP2011245167 A JP 2011245167A JP 2011245167 A JP2011245167 A JP 2011245167A JP 2013100687 A JP2013100687 A JP 2013100687A
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water
water intake
intake chamber
vertical plate
river
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JP6017774B2 (en
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Hidemi Kurita
秀實 栗田
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Koa Corp
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Koa Corp
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Priority to JP2011245167A priority Critical patent/JP6017774B2/en
Priority to CA2854878A priority patent/CA2854878C/en
Priority to CN201280055154.XA priority patent/CN103917715B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2012/078643 priority patent/WO2013069610A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/02—Water-ways
    • E02B9/04—Free-flow canals or flumes; Intakes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/04—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from surface water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water intake apparatus that suppresses accumulation of rubbish, facilitates maintenance, suites to a wide range of favorable installation places and is easy to use, the apparatus to be used for a water utilization apparatus such as a small-scale hydroelectric power generator, and the like, and various water utilization facilities and the like.SOLUTION: A water intake apparatus 1, for installation in a river, a water channel and the like and use in discharging water, or supplying a small-scale hydroelectric power generator and the like with the water after introducing from the river or channel and removing rubbish from the water, includes: a water intake camber 4 closed with a cover member 8 on the upstream side and provided with a water outlet 4a on the downstream side; plural vertical plates 6 arranged along sides of a part that is formed with the width increasing downstream; a rotatable roller 7 that is disposed upstream of the cover member 8 and freely rotatable about a vertical line; and support plates 2 and 3 for supporting the respective vertical plates 6 by sandwiching the water intake chamber from the top and bottom. Further, the water from such as river or channel is introduced into the water intake chamber 4 via an opening 9 adjacent to the vertical plates 6, discharged from the water outlet 4a and supplied to the small-scale hydroelectric power generator and the like, or discharged.

Description

本発明は、河川・水路・貯水池・湖沼・海洋等から取水し、取水した水を送水して小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等に供給する場合あるいは排水する場合に用いる取水装置に関する。   The present invention is used when water is taken from rivers, waterways, reservoirs, lakes, oceans, etc., and the taken water is sent to a water utilization device such as a small-scale hydroelectric generator or various water utilization facilities, or when it is drained. It relates to a water intake device to be used.

例えば、この種の小型水力発電装置は、大出力を得ることはできないものの、商用電源を必要とせず自然環境にも悪影響を及ぼさないため、山間部や農場などで数ｋＷ以下の電源として使用されている。かかる小型水力発電装置の上流側には、河川・水路等から取り込んだ水を発電装置へ供給するために小規模水力発電用取水装置が設置されており、この取水装置にはごみを取り除くストレーナとしての機能が要求される。   For example, although this type of small hydroelectric generator cannot obtain a large output, it does not require a commercial power source and does not adversely affect the natural environment. Therefore, it is used as a power source of several kW or less in mountainous areas or farms. ing. On the upstream side of such a small hydroelectric generator, a water intake device for small-scale hydroelectric power generation is installed to supply water taken in from rivers, waterways, etc. to the power generator, and this intake device serves as a strainer for removing debris. Functions are required.

すなわち、河川・水路等を流れる水の中には落ち葉や枯れ枝等のごみが混入しているため、小規模水力発電用取水装置等における取水装置は、河川・水路等から水を取り込む際に水力発電装置等の動作に悪影響を及ぼしかねないごみ（異物）を除去しておかねばならない。ただし、取水装置が単にごみの通過を阻止するだけの濾過方式であると、濾過部にごみが溜まりやすいものとなるため、目詰まりを起こして水が取り込みにくくなってしまう可能性が高い。また、濾過部の目詰まりを防止するためには溜まったごみを頻繁に除去しなければならないので、メンテナンスが煩雑になりやすい。なお、取水装置の内側から外側へ水が強制的に逆流可能な構造に設計しておけば、濾過部に溜まったごみを比較的容易に河川・水路等へ戻せるようになるが、こうした構造を備えた取水装置は高額なものになってしまうため小規模なシステムには好ましくない。   In other words, since water such as fallen leaves and dead branches is mixed in the water flowing through rivers and waterways, water intake devices for small-scale hydroelectric power intake devices, etc. Waste (foreign matter) that may adversely affect the operation of the power generation device, etc. must be removed. However, if the water intake device is a filtration system that simply prevents the passage of waste, it is likely that dust will accumulate in the filtration part, so that there is a high possibility that clogging will occur and it will be difficult to take in water. Moreover, in order to prevent clogging of the filtration part, accumulated dust must be frequently removed, so that maintenance tends to be complicated. In addition, if the water intake is designed to have a structure that allows water to flow backward from the inside to the outside, it will be possible to return the waste collected in the filtration section to the river / waterway relatively easily. Since the water intake device provided is expensive, it is not preferable for a small-scale system.

そこで従来から、小規模水力発電用取水装置等の取水装置として、軸線方向の一端が閉塞端で他端側に送水口を有する略円筒状部材の円筒面に、除去対象物よりも小径な丸孔を多数設けてなるものが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。このものは、閉塞端を上流側に向けて軸線方向を流下方向に合致させた姿勢で河川・水路等に設置され、丸孔を介して河川・水路等の水が取り込めるようになっており、取り込んだ水は送水口から小型水力発電装置等へと送出される。そして、特許文献１によれば、落ち葉等のごみが円筒面に付着して丸孔を塞いでしまった場合でも、軸線方向に沿って流れる河川・水路等の水がごみを円筒面から引き剥がす作用を及ぼすため、濾過部である円筒面にごみが溜まりにくい旨、記載されている。   Therefore, conventionally, as a water intake device such as a small-scale hydroelectric power intake device, a round member having a smaller diameter than the object to be removed is provided on the cylindrical surface of a substantially cylindrical member having one end in the axial direction and a water supply port on the other end side. The thing provided with many holes is proposed (for example, refer patent document 1). This is installed in rivers, waterways, etc. in a posture where the closed end faces upstream and the axial direction matches the flow-down direction, and water from rivers, waterways, etc. can be taken in through the round holes. The taken-in water is sent from a water supply port to a small hydroelectric generator. According to Patent Document 1, even when dust such as fallen leaves adheres to the cylindrical surface and closes the round hole, water such as rivers and waterways flowing along the axial direction peels the dust from the cylindrical surface. In order to exert an action, it is described that dust does not easily collect on the cylindrical surface which is a filtration part.

特開２００７−１８７０１４号公報JP 2007-187014 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に開示されている小規模水力発電用取水装置を河川・水路等に設置した場合、落ち葉等のごみに塞がれる丸孔の数が増えてくると、残余の丸孔は流入する水の流速が増大してごみを吸引しやすくなる。それゆえ、河川・水路等を流れる水の流速がさほど大きくない場合、この取水装置の円筒面に付着しているごみを簡単には引き剥がすことができず、結果的に多くのごみが付着してしまうことになる。つまり、かかる従来の取水装置は、水の流れが速い場所に設置すればごみは溜まりにくいものの、水の流れが遅い場所に設置するとごみが溜まりやすいため、好適な設置場所が限定されてしまい使い勝手が悪いという問題があった。   However, when the intake device for small-scale hydroelectric power generation disclosed in Patent Document 1 is installed in a river / waterway, etc., when the number of round holes blocked by garbage such as fallen leaves increases, The flow rate of the inflowing water increases and it becomes easier to suck in the waste. Therefore, if the flow rate of water flowing through rivers and waterways is not so high, the dust attached to the cylindrical surface of this water intake device cannot be easily peeled off, resulting in a large amount of waste. It will end up. In other words, such a conventional water intake device is difficult to collect garbage if installed in a place where the flow of water is fast, but is easy to collect if installed in a place where the flow of water is slow. There was a problem of being bad.

本発明は、このような従来技術の実情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、ごみが溜まりにくくてメンテナンスが容易であり、かつ、好適な設置場所が限定されずに使い勝手の良好な小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等に用いられる取水装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the situation of the prior art as described above, and its purpose is that it is difficult to collect dust, is easy to maintain, and has a small size that is easy to use without being limited to a suitable installation location. An object of the present invention is to provide a water intake device such as a large scale hydroelectric power generation device or a water intake device used in various water use facilities.

上記の目的を達成するために、本発明は、河川・水路等に設置され、河川・水路等から取り込んだ水を排出して小型水力発電装置等へ供給又は排水する取水装置において、上流側が閉塞端で下流側に送水口が開設されていると共に、上流側に対し下流側ほど幅広に形成されている取水室と、この取水室の傾斜した側部に沿って所定の間隔を存して、垂直または略垂直に起立姿勢で列設された複数の垂直板と、前記取水室の閉塞端の上流側に配置されて鉛直線まわりに回動自在な回転ローラと、前記取水室を上下から挟み込んで前記垂直板を支持している一対の支持板とを備え、前記取水室の外方へと向かう前記垂直板の平面視での延在方向が河川・水路等の流下方向に対して鋭角をなしており、前記垂直板に隣接する開口部を介して前記取水室内へ流入した河川・水路等の水が前記送水口から排出されるようにした。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a water intake device that is installed in a river / water channel, etc., discharges water taken from the river / water channel, etc., and supplies or drains it to a small hydroelectric power generator, etc. A water inlet is opened on the downstream side at the end, and a water intake chamber formed wider toward the downstream side with respect to the upstream side and a predetermined interval along the inclined side portion of this water intake chamber, A plurality of vertical plates arranged vertically or substantially vertically in a standing posture, a rotating roller arranged upstream of the closed end of the intake chamber and rotatable around a vertical line, and the intake chamber sandwiched from above and below And a pair of support plates supporting the vertical plate, and the extending direction in a plan view of the vertical plate toward the outside of the water intake chamber has an acute angle with respect to the flow-down direction of a river / water channel, etc. The water intake through an opening adjacent to the vertical plate. Water such as rivers and waterways has flowed into the inner has to be discharged from the water supply port.

このように構成された取水装置を河川・水路等に設置すると、上流側から流れて来る枯れ枝等の比較的大きなごみを回転ローラによって脇（取水装置の右外方や左外方）へ逃がすことができ、取水室の傾斜した側部へ向かって流れて来るごみは垂直板の外端に沿った河川・水路等の水流によって取水装置の外方へ導くことができる。また、垂直板に隣接する開口部を介して取水室内へ入り込む水は、取水室の開口部の開口面積を合算した値を送水口の開口面積よりも十分に大きく設定することにより流速が遅くなり、それに伴ってごみ運搬能力が低下するため、落ち葉等の小さなごみが取水室内へ入り込む可能性も低い。それゆえ、この取水装置は、設置する河川・水路等を流れる水の流速が速い場合にも遅い場合にも、ごみの滞留や侵入を効果的に防止することができ、構造が簡素なため安価に製作できる。また、本取水装置は、静止している水に対して相対的に移動するように設置された場合にも同様のごみの滞留・進入防止効果を有する。すなわち、本取水装置は、船舶等の移動体に取り付けて湖沼・海洋等の静止水から取水する場合にもごみの滞留や侵入を効果的に防止することができる。   When a water intake device constructed in this way is installed in a river, waterway, etc., relatively large garbage such as dead branches flowing from the upstream side is released to the side (to the right or left of the water intake device) by a rotating roller. The waste flowing toward the inclined side of the intake chamber can be guided to the outside of the intake device by the water flow of rivers and waterways along the outer edge of the vertical plate. In addition, the water flowing into the intake chamber through the opening adjacent to the vertical plate is slowed down by setting the sum of the opening area of the intake chamber opening sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water inlet. As a result, the capacity for transporting garbage is reduced, so there is a low possibility that small garbage such as fallen leaves will enter the intake chamber. Therefore, this water intake device can effectively prevent stagnation and intrusion of waste regardless of whether the flow rate of water flowing through the installed river or waterway is high or low, and it is inexpensive because it has a simple structure. Can be produced. In addition, this water intake device has the same effect of preventing waste from staying and entering even when installed so as to move relative to still water. That is, this water intake apparatus can effectively prevent stagnation and intrusion of garbage even when it is attached to a moving body such as a ship and water is taken from still water such as a lake or ocean.

上記の取水装置において、取水室の流入部における平均流入流速は、取水室の流入部の開口面積を合算した値をＳ１、送水口の開口面積をＳ２とすると、次式により計算できる。
取水室の開口部における平均流入流速＝送水口からの排出流速×Ｓ２／Ｓ１
したがって、取水室の開口部の開口面積を合算した値が、送水口からの排出流速及び送水口の開口面積に応じて十分に大きく設定されていると、取水装置設置場所における河川・水路等の流速に比して開口部から流入する水の流速が常に小さくなるため、ごみの滞留や侵入を防止する効果が高まって好ましい。 In the above intake device, the average inflow velocity at the inflow portion of the intake chamber can be calculated by the following equation, where S 1 is the sum of the opening areas of the inflow portion of the intake chamber and S 2 is the opening area of the water inlet.
Average inflow velocity at the opening of the intake chamber = discharge velocity from the water inlet × S 2 / S 1
Therefore, if the sum of the opening area of the intake chamber is set to be sufficiently large according to the discharge flow velocity from the water inlet and the opening area of the water inlet, Since the flow rate of water flowing in from the opening is always smaller than the flow rate, the effect of preventing stagnation and intrusion of waste is increased, which is preferable.

また、上記の取水装置において、取水室が互いに逆向きに傾斜する一対の側部を有し、これら両側部の少なくとも一方に複数の垂直板が列設されていれば、ごみの滞留や侵入を防止する効果は得られる。この場合において、取水室の両側部にそれぞれ複数の垂直板が線対称な位置関係で配設されており、これら両側部の対応する位置に存する垂直板どうしが上流側から下流側に向かって末広がりとなる平面視形状に配置されていると、取水装置を左右対称な構造に設定できるため外観上も機能上もバランスが良くなる。   Further, in the above water intake device, if the water intake chamber has a pair of side portions inclined in opposite directions, and a plurality of vertical plates are arranged in at least one of these both side portions, the stagnation and intrusion of garbage can be prevented. The effect of preventing is obtained. In this case, a plurality of vertical plates are arranged in line-symmetrical positions on both sides of the water intake chamber, and the vertical plates existing at corresponding positions on both sides spread from the upstream side toward the downstream side. If it is arranged in a plan view shape, the water intake device can be set to a bilaterally symmetric structure, so that the balance in terms of appearance and function is improved.

また、上記の取水装置において、垂直板が支持板に回動可能に支持されており、取水装置が設置される河川・水路等の流下方向に対する垂直板の傾斜角が調整可能であると、設置場所の水の流速等に応じて垂直板の傾斜角を適宜変更できるため、所望の機能を発揮させるための調整が容易に行えるようになる。   Further, in the water intake device described above, the vertical plate is rotatably supported by the support plate, and the vertical plate can be adjusted with respect to the flow direction of the river / water channel where the water intake device is installed. Since the inclination angle of the vertical plate can be appropriately changed in accordance with the water flow rate of the place, adjustment for exhibiting a desired function can be easily performed.

本発明の小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等に用いられる取水装置は、河川・水路等の上流側から流れて来る比較的大きなごみを、回転ローラによって脇（取水装置の右外方や左外方）へ逃がすことができ、取水室の傾斜した側部へ向かって流れて来るごみは垂直板の外端に沿った河川・水路等の水流によって取水装置の外方へ導くことができる。また、垂直板に隣接する開口部を介して取水室内へ入り込む水は、取水室の開口部の開口面積を合算した値を送水口の開口面積よりも十分に大きく設定することにより流速が遅くなり、それに伴ってごみ運搬能力が低下するため、落ち葉等の小さなごみが取水室内へ入り込む可能性も低い。それゆえ、この取水装置は、設置する河川・水路等を流れる水の流速が速い場合にも遅い場合にも、ごみの滞留や侵入を効果的に防止することができてメンテナンスが容易であり、好適な設置場所が限定されずに使い勝手が良いという優れた効果を奏する。   The water intake device used in water utilization devices such as small-scale hydroelectric power generation devices and various water utilization facilities according to the present invention is configured to remove relatively large waste flowing from the upstream side of rivers, waterways, etc. by a rotating roller (water intake device). The waste that flows toward the inclined side of the intake chamber can be discharged to the outside of the intake device by the water flow of rivers and waterways along the outer edge of the vertical plate. Can lead to. In addition, the water flowing into the intake chamber through the opening adjacent to the vertical plate is slowed down by setting the sum of the opening area of the intake chamber opening sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water inlet. As a result, the capacity for transporting garbage is reduced, so there is a low possibility that small garbage such as fallen leaves will enter the intake chamber. Therefore, this water intake device can effectively prevent stagnation and intrusion of waste, regardless of whether the flow rate of the water flowing through the river / waterway to be installed is high or low, and maintenance is easy. There is an excellent effect that the installation location is not limited and the usability is good.

本発明の第１実施形態例に係る取水装置の側面図である。It is a side view of the water intake device which concerns on the example of 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図１のＡ−Ａ線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. 図１のＢ方向から見た背面図である。It is the rear view seen from the B direction of FIG. 本発明の第２実施形態例に係る取水装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the water intake apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３実施形態例に係る取水装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the water intake apparatus which concerns on the example of 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

以下、発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。まず、図１〜図３を参照しながら、本発明の第１実施形態例に係る小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等の取水装置について説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a water utilization device such as a small-scale hydroelectric generator and a water intake device such as various water utilization facilities according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

これらの図に示す取水装置１は、河川・水路等に設置され、河川・水路等から取り込んでごみを除去した水を図示せぬ小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等へ供給又は排水するために使用される。その際、取水装置１は長手方向を流下方向に合致させた姿勢で河川・水路等に設置し、取水装置１の平面視で幅狭な側（図２参照）を上流側に向けておく。   The water intake apparatus 1 shown in these figures is installed in rivers, waterways, etc., and water utilization devices such as small-scale hydroelectric generators and various water utilization facilities that are not shown in FIG. Used to feed or drain. At that time, the water intake device 1 is installed in a river / water channel or the like in a posture in which the longitudinal direction matches the flow-down direction, and the narrow side (see FIG. 2) of the water intake device 1 is directed upstream.

この取水装置１は、上下一対の支持板（天板２および底板３）と、これら一対の支持板２，３に挟み込まれて上流側を閉塞端とする空間である取水室４と、取水室４の下流側に設けられた送水口４ａと、取水室４の下流側の延長部材として送水口４ａを囲繞している送水管５と、取水室４の傾斜した側部に沿って列設された複数枚の垂直板６と、取水室４よりも上流側に配置されて鉛直線まわりに回動自在な回転ローラ７とによって概略構成されている。なお、図１と図２において、取水装置１が設置される河川・水路等の上流側は図示左側、下流側は図示右側となるため、この河川・水路等を流れる水の流下方向は矢印Ｃ方向となる。なお、本実施形態例では取水室４の傾斜した側部に計１０枚の垂直板６を配設しているが、垂直板６の数は適宜選択可能である。また、本実施形態例では、垂直板６の長さ、間隔及び河川・水路等の流下方向（矢印Ｃ方向）に対する垂直板６の傾斜角θは同一に設定されているが、これらは垂直板６ごとに適宜異なった値にすることも可能である。   The water intake device 1 includes a pair of upper and lower support plates (top plate 2 and bottom plate 3), a water intake chamber 4 that is a space sandwiched between the pair of support plates 2 and 3 and having an upstream end as a closed end, and a water intake chamber 4, the water supply port 4 a provided on the downstream side of the water intake port 4, the water supply pipe 5 surrounding the water supply port 4 a as an extension member on the downstream side of the water intake chamber 4, and the inclined side portion of the water intake chamber 4. A plurality of vertical plates 6 and a rotating roller 7 disposed upstream of the water intake chamber 4 and rotatable around a vertical line are schematically configured. 1 and 2, the upstream side of the river / water channel where the water intake device 1 is installed is the left side in the figure, and the downstream side is the right side in the figure. Direction. In the present embodiment, a total of ten vertical plates 6 are disposed on the inclined side portion of the water intake chamber 4, but the number of the vertical plates 6 can be selected as appropriate. In this embodiment, the length and interval of the vertical plate 6 and the inclination angle θ of the vertical plate 6 with respect to the flow direction (arrow C direction) of the river / water channel are set to be the same. It is possible to set different values for every six.

上下一対の支持板２，３は平行に配置されて相対向する大きさや形状を同じくする板状部材であり、図２に示すように、支持板２，３の平面視形状は上流側から下流側に向かって漸次幅広な二等辺三角形状となっている。取水装置１を河川・水路等に設置する際には、これら一対の支持板２，３を略水平な姿勢に設定した上で、幅狭な側が上流側を向くように設置する。なお、本実施形態例では、上下一対の支持板２,３は平行に配置され、同一の大きさや形状を有し、平面視形状は上流側から下流側に向かって漸次幅広な二等辺三角形となっているが、支持板２,３を非並行とする、あるいは、異なった大きさや形状とする、あるいは二等辺三角形状以外の平面視形状とすることも可能である。   The pair of upper and lower support plates 2 and 3 are plate-like members arranged in parallel and having the same size and shape facing each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the plan view shape of the support plates 2 and 3 is downstream from the upstream side. The shape is an isosceles triangle that is gradually wider toward the side. When installing the water intake apparatus 1 in a river, a water channel or the like, the pair of support plates 2 and 3 are set in a substantially horizontal posture, and are installed so that the narrow side faces the upstream side. In this embodiment, the pair of upper and lower support plates 2 and 3 are arranged in parallel, have the same size and shape, and the shape in plan view is an isosceles triangle that gradually widens from the upstream side to the downstream side. However, the support plates 2 and 3 can be non-parallel, have different sizes or shapes, or have a planar view shape other than an isosceles triangle shape.

取水室４の上流側の端部は半円筒状の立壁部であるカバー部材８によって閉塞されており、このカバー部材８は支持板２，３によって上下から保持されている。取水室４内の水は下流側の送水口４ａから排出され、送水管５に接続される図示せぬ導水管を介して前記小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等に供給される。   The upstream end of the water intake chamber 4 is closed by a cover member 8 that is a semi-cylindrical standing wall, and this cover member 8 is held from above and below by support plates 2 and 3. The water in the water intake chamber 4 is discharged from the downstream water supply port 4a and is supplied to a water utilization device such as the small-scale hydroelectric power generation device or various water utilization facilities through a water conduit (not shown) connected to the water supply tube 5. Supplied.

取水室４は送水管５に囲繞された部分を除いて、平面視で下流側ほど幅広な二等辺三角形状に形成されている。そして、取水室４の傾斜した一方の側部と他方の側部に線対称な位置関係で計１０枚の垂直板６が配設されている。また、隣り合う垂直板６どうしの間と、カバー部材８と垂直板６との間には、水を取り込むための開口部９がそれぞれ形成されている。すなわち、取水室４の傾斜した一方の側部と他方の側部にそれぞれ５枚ずつ、起立姿勢の垂直板６が所定の間隔（開口部９）を存して列設されており、各垂直板６は支持板２，３によって上下から保持されている。取水室４の傾斜した一方の側部に列設されている垂直板６どうしは互いに平行であり、他方の側部に列設されている垂直板６どうしも互いに平行である。そして、図２に示すように、これら両側部の対応する位置に存する垂直板６どうしが上流側から下流側に向かって末広がりとなる平面視形状（ハ字形状）に配置されているため、取水装置１が設置される河川・水路等の流下方向（矢印Ｃ方向）に対する各垂直板６の傾斜角θは鋭角である。この傾斜角θは、取水室４の外方へと向かう各垂直板６の平面視での延在方向と河川・水路等の流下方向とのなす角度であり、河川・水路等を流れる水の流速等に応じて傾斜角θを２０〜６０度の範囲内の適宜角度に設定しておくことが好ましい。なお、本実施形態例では、垂直板６は軸線方向に対して垂直に配置されているが、垂直以外の角度で配置することも可能である。   The water intake chamber 4 is formed in an isosceles triangle shape that is wider toward the downstream side in plan view, except for a portion surrounded by the water supply pipe 5. A total of ten vertical plates 6 are arranged in a line-symmetrical positional relationship between the inclined one side portion and the other side portion of the water intake chamber 4. Further, an opening 9 for taking in water is formed between the adjacent vertical plates 6 and between the cover member 8 and the vertical plate 6. That is, five vertical plates 6 in a standing posture are arranged in rows with predetermined intervals (openings 9) on each of the inclined one side portion and the other side portion of the water intake chamber 4, and each vertical The plate 6 is held from above and below by the support plates 2 and 3. The vertical plates 6 arranged on one inclined side portion of the water intake chamber 4 are parallel to each other, and the vertical plates 6 arranged on the other side portion are also parallel to each other. And as shown in FIG. 2, since the vertical plate 6 which exists in the corresponding position of these both sides is arrange | positioned in the planar view shape (C shape) which spreads from the upstream side toward the downstream side, The inclination angle θ of each vertical plate 6 with respect to the flow-down direction (arrow C direction) of the river / water channel in which the apparatus 1 is installed is an acute angle. This inclination angle θ is an angle formed between the extending direction of each vertical plate 6 facing outward from the intake chamber 4 in the plan view and the flow-down direction of the river / water channel, and the like. It is preferable to set the inclination angle θ to an appropriate angle within the range of 20 to 60 degrees in accordance with the flow rate or the like. In this embodiment, the vertical plate 6 is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction, but can be arranged at an angle other than vertical.

回転ローラ７は取水室４の閉塞端であるカバー部材８の上流側に近接して配置されており、この回転ローラ７の回転軸７ａは支持板２，３によって上下から保持されている。すなわち、取水装置１が河川・水路等に設置されると、回転ローラ７は最も上流側に位置することになる。   The rotating roller 7 is disposed close to the upstream side of the cover member 8 that is the closed end of the water intake chamber 4, and the rotating shaft 7 a of the rotating roller 7 is held from above and below by the support plates 2 and 3. That is, when the water intake device 1 is installed in a river, a water channel or the like, the rotating roller 7 is positioned on the most upstream side.

この取水装置１を河川・水路等に設置すると、河川・水路等の水が開口部９を介して取水室４内へ流入して送水口４ａ（送水管５）から排出される。その際、河川・水路等の水と共に運ばれて来た落ち葉や枯れ枝等のごみは、回転ローラ７やカバー部材８や垂直板６等に阻止されて取水室４内へは容易に入り込めないため、こうしたごみを含まない水が取水室４内へ取り込まれ、送水管５から前記導水管を介して小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等へ供給又は排水されるようになっている。また、全ての開口部９の開口面積を合算した値は送水口４ａの開口面積よりも十分に大きく設定されており、取水装置設置場所における河川・水路等の流速に比して開口部９から流入する水の流速が常に小さくなるようにしてある。   When the water intake device 1 is installed in a river / water channel, water in the river / water channel flows into the water intake chamber 4 through the opening 9 and is discharged from the water supply port 4a (water supply pipe 5). At that time, litter such as fallen leaves and dead branches carried along with water in rivers and waterways is blocked by the rotating roller 7, the cover member 8, the vertical plate 6, etc. and cannot easily enter the intake chamber 4. Therefore, water that does not include such waste is taken into the intake chamber 4 and supplied or drained from the water pipe 5 to the water utilization device such as a small-scale hydroelectric power generation device or various water utilization facilities through the water conduit. It has become. In addition, the total value of the opening areas of all the openings 9 is set to be sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water supply port 4a. The flow rate of the incoming water is always reduced.

以上説明したように、本実施形態例に係る取水装置１を河川・水路等に設置すると、上流側から流れて来る枯れ枝等の比較的大きなごみを回転ローラ７によって脇（取水装置１の右外方や左外方）へ逃がすことができ、取水室４の傾斜した側部へ向かって流れて来るごみは垂直板６の外端に沿った河川・水路等の水流によって取水装置１の外方へ導くことができる。また、垂直板６に隣接する開口部９を介して取水室４内へ入り込む水は、取水室４の開口部の開口面積を合算した値を送水口の開口面積よりも十分に大きく設定することにより流速が遅くなり、それに伴ってごみ運搬能力が低下するため、落ち葉等の小さなごみが取水室４内へ入り込む可能性も低い。それゆえ、この取水装置１は、設置する河川・水路等を流れる水の流速が速い場合にも遅い場合にも、ごみの滞留や侵入を効果的に防止することができる。また、この取水装置１は構造が簡素なため安価に製作できる。   As described above, when the water intake device 1 according to the present embodiment is installed in a river / waterway, relatively large garbage such as dead branches flowing from the upstream side is moved by the rotating roller 7 (the right outside of the water intake device 1). The waste that flows toward the inclined side of the intake chamber 4 can be discharged to the outside of the intake device 1 by the water flow of rivers and waterways along the outer edge of the vertical plate 6. Can lead to. In addition, the water that enters the intake chamber 4 through the opening 9 adjacent to the vertical plate 6 is set to a value that is sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water inlet, with the sum of the opening area of the intake portion of the intake chamber 4. As a result, the flow rate is slowed, and the dust carrying capacity is reduced accordingly. Therefore, the possibility that small garbage such as fallen leaves enters the intake chamber 4 is low. Therefore, the water intake device 1 can effectively prevent stagnation and intrusion of waste, regardless of whether the flow rate of water flowing through the installed river or waterway is fast or slow. Moreover, since this water intake device 1 has a simple structure, it can be manufactured at low cost.

なお、本実施形態例では、全ての開口部９の開口面積を合算した値が送水口４ａの開口面積よりも十分に大きくなるように設定してあり、取水装置設置場所における河川・水路等の流速に比して開口部９から流入する水の流速が常に小さくなるため、ごみの滞留や侵入を防止する効果が高い。   In this embodiment, the sum of the opening areas of all the openings 9 is set to be sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water supply port 4a, such as a river / waterway at the place where the water intake apparatus is installed. Since the flow rate of water flowing in from the opening 9 is always smaller than the flow rate, the effect of preventing stagnation and intrusion of waste is high.

また、本実施形態例では、取水室４の傾斜した一方の側部と他方の側部にそれぞれ複数の垂直板６が列設されているため、除去対象のごみを含まない水が取水室４の左右両側から効率良く取り込める。しかも、本実施形態例では、取水室４の傾斜した一方の側部と他方の側部に線対称な位置関係で垂直板６が配設されており、これら両側部の対応する位置に存する垂直板６どうしが上流側から下流側に向かって末広がりとなる平面視形状（ハ字形状）に配置されているため、取水装置１を左右対称な構造に設定できて外観上も機能上もバランスが良いものとなっている。   Further, in the present embodiment example, a plurality of vertical plates 6 are arranged on each of the inclined one side portion and the other side portion of the water intake chamber 4, so that water that does not include garbage to be removed is taken in the water intake chamber 4. Can be taken in efficiently from both the left and right sides. In addition, in this embodiment, the vertical plate 6 is arranged in a line-symmetrical positional relationship between the inclined one side portion and the other side portion of the water intake chamber 4, and the vertical positions existing at corresponding positions on both side portions. Since the plates 6 are arranged in a plan view shape (C shape) that widens toward the downstream side from the upstream side, the water intake device 1 can be set to a bilaterally symmetric structure, providing a balance in appearance and function. It has become a good thing.

図４は本発明の第２実施形態例に係る、小規模数力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等の取水装置１２の断面図であり、図２と対応する部分は同一符号が付してあるため、重複する説明は省略する。   FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a water utilization device 12 such as a small-scale several power generator and a water intake device 12 such as various water utilization facilities according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Since it is attached, the overlapping description is omitted.

図４に示す取水装置１２では、取水室４の傾斜したいずれか一方の側部のみに垂直板６が列設されており、他方の側部の垂直板６は省略されているが、このような構成でもごみの滞留や侵入を防止する効果は得られる。つまり、取水装置１２の設置場所における河川・水路等の形状や流速などの何らかの理由で、取水室４の傾斜した他方の側部から水を取り込む必要がない場合には、この他方の側部を閉鎖して一方の側部からのみ取水室４内へ水を取り込むようにしておけば良い。こうすることによって、取水装置１２の構造が極めて簡素なものとなる。なお、この場合も、全ての開口部９の開口面積を合算した値が送水口４ａの開口面積よりも十分に大きくなるように設定すれば、設置場所付近で河川・水路等を流れる水の流速に比して開口部９から流入する水の流速は小さくなる。   In the water intake device 12 shown in FIG. 4, the vertical plate 6 is arranged in only one of the inclined side portions of the water intake chamber 4, and the vertical plate 6 on the other side portion is omitted. Even with a simple structure, the effect of preventing stagnation and intrusion of dust can be obtained. In other words, if it is not necessary to take in water from the inclined side of the intake chamber 4 for some reason such as the shape of the river / water channel or the flow velocity at the place where the intake device 12 is installed, the other side is It is only necessary to close and take in water into the intake chamber 4 only from one side. By doing so, the structure of the water intake device 12 becomes extremely simple. In this case as well, if the sum of the opening areas of all the openings 9 is set to be sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water supply port 4a, the flow velocity of the water flowing through the river / waterway near the installation location Compared to the above, the flow rate of water flowing in from the opening 9 becomes smaller.

図５は本発明の第３実施形態例に係る小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等の取水装置を示す断面図であり、図２と対応する部分は同一符号が付してあるため、重複する説明は省略する。   FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a water utilization device such as a small-scale hydroelectric generator and a water intake device such as various water utilization facilities according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and the parts corresponding to those in FIG. Therefore, a duplicate description is omitted.

図５に示す取水装置１３では、取水室４の傾斜した側部に配設されている各垂直板６が支持板２，３に回動可能に支持されており、設置される河川・水路等の流下方向に対する各垂直板６の傾斜角θを調整できるようになっている。この取水装置１３では、設置場所の水の流速等に応じて各垂直板６の傾斜角θを適宜変更できるため、所望の機能を発揮させるための調整が容易に行える。   In the water intake device 13 shown in FIG. 5, each vertical plate 6 disposed on the inclined side portion of the water intake chamber 4 is rotatably supported by the support plates 2 and 3, and installed rivers, water channels, etc. The inclination angle θ of each vertical plate 6 with respect to the flow-down direction can be adjusted. In this water intake device 13, the inclination angle θ of each vertical plate 6 can be appropriately changed according to the flow rate of water at the installation location, and therefore, adjustment for exerting a desired function can be easily performed.

１，１２，１３ 取水装置
２ 天板（支持板）
３ 底板（支持板）
４ 取水室
４ａ 送水口
５ 送水管
６ 垂直板
７ 回転ローラ
８ カバー部材
９ 開口部
θ 傾斜角 1,12,13 Water intake device 2 Top plate (support plate)
3 Bottom plate (support plate)
4 Water intake chamber 4a Water supply port 5 Water supply tube 6 Vertical plate 7 Rotating roller 8 Cover member 9 Opening portion θ Inclination angle

Claims (5)

河川・水路・貯水池・湖沼・海洋等に設置され、河川・水路・貯水池・湖沼・海洋等から取り込んだ水を小規模水力発電装置等の水利用装置や各種水利用施設等に供給あるいは排出するための取水装置において、
上流側が閉塞端で下流側に送水口が開設されていると共に、上流側に対し下流側ほど幅広に形成されている取水室と、この取水室の傾斜した側部に沿って所定の間隔を存して垂直または略垂直に起立姿勢で列設された複数の垂直板と、前記取水室の閉塞端の上流側に配置されて鉛直線まわりに回動自在な回転ローラと、前記取水室を上下から挟み込んで前記垂直板を支持している一対の支持板とを備え、
前記取水室の外方へと向かう前記垂直板の平面視での延在方向が河川・水路等の流下方向に対して鋭角をなしており、前記垂直板に隣接する開口部を介して前記取水室内へ流入した河川・水路等の水が前記送水口から排出されるようにしたことを特徴とする取水装置。 It is installed in rivers, waterways, reservoirs, lakes, oceans, etc., and supplies or discharges water taken from rivers, waterways, reservoirs, lakes, oceans, etc. to water-use devices such as small-scale hydroelectric generators and various water-use facilities Water intake equipment for
The upstream side is a closed end and a water supply port is opened on the downstream side.The intake chamber is formed wider toward the downstream side than the upstream side, and a predetermined interval exists along the inclined side portion of the intake chamber. A plurality of vertical plates arranged vertically or substantially vertically in a standing posture, a rotating roller disposed upstream of the closed end of the intake chamber and rotatable about a vertical line, and the intake chamber being moved up and down A pair of support plates sandwiched from and supporting the vertical plate,
The extending direction in a plan view of the vertical plate that faces the outside of the water intake chamber forms an acute angle with respect to the flow-down direction of a river, a water channel, etc., and the water intake is made through an opening adjacent to the vertical plate. A water intake device characterized in that water of a river, a water channel or the like that flows into a room is discharged from the water supply port. 請求項１の記載において、全ての前記開口部の開口面積を合算した値が前記送水口の開口面積よりも十分に大きく設定されていることを特徴とする取水装置。   2. The water intake device according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by adding the opening areas of all the openings is set sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water supply port. 請求項１または２の記載において、前記取水室が互いに逆向きに傾斜する一対の側部を有し、これら両側部の少なくとも一方に前記垂直板が列設されていることを特徴とする取水装置。   3. The water intake device according to claim 1, wherein the water intake chamber has a pair of side portions inclined in opposite directions, and the vertical plate is arranged in at least one of both side portions. . 請求項３の記載において、前記取水室の前記両側部にそれぞれ複数の前記垂直板が線対称な位置関係で配設されており、これら両側部の対応する位置に存する前記垂直板どうしが上流側から下流側に向かって末広がりとなる平面視形状に配置されていることを特徴とする取水装置。   4. The vertical plate according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the vertical plates are arranged in line-symmetrical positions on both sides of the intake chamber, and the vertical plates located at corresponding positions on both sides are upstream. The water intake device is arranged in a plan view shape that expands toward the downstream side from the top. 請求項１〜４のいずれか１項の記載において、前記垂直板が前記支持板に回動可能に支持されており、河川・水路等の流下方向に対する前記垂直板の傾斜角が調整可能であることを特徴とする取水装置。   5. The vertical plate according to claim 1, wherein the vertical plate is rotatably supported by the support plate, and an inclination angle of the vertical plate with respect to a flow-down direction of a river or a water channel can be adjusted. A water intake device characterized by that.
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