JP2013086023A - Crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crushing device capable of suppressing the temperature in the crushing device from rising, and obtaining a crushed article with higher manufacturing performance.SOLUTION: In the crushing device, a rotor 20 which has a refrigerant channel 21 inside, and is rotationally driven about the shaft center of a casing 2 includes: a first crushing part equipped with a pin hammer 20Ga on the outer circumference; and a second crushing part equipped with an uneven part 20Gb on the outer circumference. The uneven part 20Gb of the second crushing part is divided by a notched part 24. Thus, the area in which an air current or a processed article makes contact with the rotor 20 is increased, effectively cooling the processed article.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverizing apparatus capable of efficiently pulverizing minerals, foods, resins, and the like while suppressing temperature rise.

  As a pulverizer provided with a coarse pulverization part and a fine pulverization part in one casing, for example, there is a pulverizer of Patent Document 1.

In Patent Document 1, the concavities and convexities attached to at least the central rotational shaft for secondary grinding are arranged through coaxially arranged plural rotary impactors (hammers) for primary grinding and baffle plates for controlling the powder flow. Coarse pulverizer having two or more pulverization zones, comprising: a rotor comprising a rotating body having a rotor; and a stator having irregularities arranged around the rotor while maintaining a predetermined distance from the surface of the rotor. Is described. Furthermore, this coarse pulverizer is provided with a refrigerant flow path inside the stator and the rotor after the secondary pulverization zone to control the pulverization heat generated during pulverization.
The coarse pulverizer was able to efficiently produce a fine particle toner having a sharp particle size distribution with low energy.

Japanese Patent No. 4599297

  Such a pulverizer can perform coarse pulverization and fine pulverization of an object having a certain size such as a lump by using a single pulverizer, thus simplifying the pulverization process and improving productivity. Has the advantage of On the other hand, there is a problem that the temperature in the pulverizer increases when the supply speed of the object to be processed to the pulverizer is increased to improve the product capability. Further, if the rotational speed of the rotor is increased in order to obtain a pulverized product with a fine particle diameter, or if the clearance between the rotor and the liner is reduced while maintaining the rotational speed of the rotor, the temperature in the pulverizer increases. The rise in temperature in the pulverizer becomes a problem particularly in objects to be processed that are susceptible to heat, such as foods and resins. Therefore, it is not sufficient to simply cool the outer periphery of the rotor with the refrigerant circulating inside the rotor, and improvement has been demanded.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, It is providing the grinding | pulverization apparatus which can suppress a temperature rise and can obtain a pulverized product with a higher product capability.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a casing having a cylindrical inner surface, a rotor driven to rotate around an axis of the casing, and a supply port provided at one end of the casing in the axial direction. An airflow forming means for forming an airflow for powder conveyance toward the discharge port provided at the end, the rotor facing the supply port side, a first pulverization unit having a plurality of hammers attached to the outer periphery, A second pulverizing portion facing the discharge port and having an uneven portion formed on an outer periphery thereof, a refrigerant flow path is formed at least inside the rotor of the second pulverizing portion, and the second pulverizing portion The concavo-convex portion is divided in the axial direction by an annular notch extending along the circumferential direction of the rotor.

In the pulverizing apparatus of the present invention, the object to be processed is roughly pulverized in the first pulverizing part, and then conveyed to the second pulverizing part by the airflow flowing in the casing and further pulverized. At this time, the uneven part of the rotor of the second pulverizing part is divided in the axial direction by the annular cutout part extending along the circumferential direction, so that the airflow and the object to be processed flowing in the casing are the first. The area in contact with the rotor of the second crushing section increases, and the airflow and the object to be processed are effectively cooled by the refrigerant flowing inside the rotor.
Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise in the pulverizer and obtain a pulverized product with higher product capability.

  The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is such that the diameter of the rotor of the first crushing part is smaller than the diameter of the rotor of the second crushing part, and the rotor of the first crushing part and the rotor of the second crushing part A step is formed between the two.

  If it is this structure, the area which the airflow and the to-be-processed object which flow through the inside of a casing will contact with the rotor of a 2nd grinding | pulverization part will increase, and airflow and a to-be-processed object will be cooled more effectively with the refrigerant | coolant which flows through the inside of a rotor.

Moreover, if it is this structure, the excessive outflow of the to-be-processed object from a 1st grinding | pulverization part to a 2nd grinding | pulverization part will be suppressed. Furthermore, of the objects to be processed coarsely pulverized in the first pulverizing part, the object to be processed having a large particle size collides with a step between the rotor of the first pulverizing part and the rotor of the second pulverizing part, and is transferred to the first pulverizing part. It is returned and pulverized again in the first pulverizing section.
Accordingly, since it is possible to prevent the object to be processed which has not been sufficiently pulverized in the first pulverizing part and has a large particle diameter from easily moving to the second pulverizing part, the object to be processed having a large particle diameter is in the pulverized product. Mixing can be prevented. Furthermore, since the workpiece sufficiently ground in the first grinding part moves to the second grinding part, the load power of the rotor in the second grinding part can be reduced, and the product capability can be improved. it can.

  The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is that a second refrigerant flow path is formed inside the casing.

  With this configuration, the casing inner surface is also cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the cooling flow path inside the casing, so that a higher cooling effect can be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is that at least an inner surface of the casing facing the rotor of the second pulverizing portion has an uneven portion.

  If it is this structure, a to-be-processed object collides with the uneven | corrugated | grooved part of the casing inner surface facing the rotor of a 2nd grinding | pulverization part, It can grind | pulverize more efficiently and can improve product capability.

  The invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is that the hammer is constituted by a pin-shaped hammer.

  If it is this structure, the heat_generation | fever by the air friction which generate | occur | produces with rotation of a hammer can be suppressed.

  The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is that the casing is provided with a gas supply port for introducing gas into the casing.

  If it is this structure, since cooling gas can be blown in from the casing outer periphery to the inside of a casing, a still higher cooling effect can be acquired.

  The invention according to claim 7 of the present invention is that a weir is provided at least at a position between the first pulverizing portion and the second pulverizing portion of the casing inner surface.

If it is this structure, the excessive outflow of the to-be-processed object from a 1st grinding | pulverization part to a 2nd pulverization part will be suppressed. Further, the object to be processed having a large particle size without being sufficiently pulverized in the first pulverizing unit collides with the weir, and is returned to the first pulverizing unit and re-pulverized.
Accordingly, since it is possible to prevent the object to be processed which has not been sufficiently pulverized in the first pulverizing part and has a large particle diameter from easily moving to the second pulverizing part, the object to be processed having a large particle diameter is in the pulverized product. Mixing can be prevented. Furthermore, since the workpiece sufficiently ground in the first grinding part moves to the second grinding part, the load power of the rotor in the second grinding part can be reduced, and the product capability can be improved. it can.

  The invention according to claim 8 of the present invention is that a hammer is also formed on a side surface of the rotor of the first crushing part on the supply port side.

  With this configuration, the object to be processed can be pulverized also on the side of the first pulverizing section on the side of the supply port of the rotor, so that efficient pulverization is possible and product capability can be improved.

It is a partially broken perspective view which shows the grinding | pulverization apparatus by this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the grinding | pulverization apparatus by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the unit of a liner and a casing. It is a perspective view which shows another embodiment of a casing. It is explanatory drawing which shows the shape of the uneven | corrugated | grooved part of a rotor and a liner. It is a partially broken perspective view which shows the grinding | pulverization apparatus of another embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the grinding | pulverization apparatus of another embodiment.

The pulverizing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The grinding device 1 has a casing 2 with a generally cylindrical inner surface. The casing 2 includes a pair of side walls that closes an outer cylinder part 2a supported by a plurality of legs 2S, a liner 2b concentrically disposed inside the outer cylinder part 2a, and a space surrounded by the liner 2b at both ends. Parts 2c and 2d. Between the outer cylinder part 2a and liner 2b, the space for flowing the refrigerant | coolant and gas mentioned later is comprised.

  One rotor 20 is rotatably supported inside the liner 2b. The inner surface of the liner 2b is provided with an uneven portion 2G for pulverizing the workpiece. The rotor 20 is rotationally driven by the motor M in the direction of arrow A at high speed.

  A supply port 3 for receiving both the raw material and the gas is provided at one end of the casing 2 in the axial center X direction, and a discharge port 4 for discharging the pulverized pulverized product together with the gas is provided at the other end. The supply port 3 is provided at a position displaced laterally from the axis X in a plan view, and the discharge port 4 is provided at a position displaced laterally from the axis X on the opposite side to the supply port 3 in a plan view. It has been. The supply port 3 and the discharge port 4 are particularly provided near the tangent to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 20.

  A blower 30 is connected to the discharge port 4, and a classifier 31 is provided between the blower 30 and the discharge port 4 to collect the pulverized pulverized product for each particle size range. Between the classifier 31 and the blower 30, a dust collector 32 for collecting a finely pulverized product is interposed. As the dust collector 32, a so-called bag filter or a cyclone can be preferably used.

The airflow formed by the blower 30 is discharged from the discharge port 4 through the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the liner 2 b and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 20 from the supply port 3, and passes through the dust collector 32, so In the casing 2, it is conveyed from the supply port 3 toward the discharge port 4 and finally reaches the dust collector 32. The classifier 31 may be used as necessary, and the entire pulverized product may be collected directly by the dust collector 32 without using the classifier 31. Further, the pulverized product discharged from the discharge port 4 can be supplied to a further fine pulverizer and pulverized to obtain a finer pulverized product.
The classified coarsely pulverized product recovered by the classifier 31 can be returned to the pulverizer 1 and re-pulverized, and the product recovered by the dust collector 32 can be used as the product, or the pulverized product recovered by the dust collector 32 can be used. Further, a product obtained by removing finely pulverized products with another classifier can be used as a product.

  Moreover, what remove | eliminated the coarse powder with a coarse particle size and the fine powder with a fine particle size among pulverized products can also be made into a product. In this case, as the classifier 31, for example, it is conceivable to classify by using a classifier capable of removing coarse powder and fine powder with one unit. As another method, two or more classifiers are used, and in the former classifier, coarse coarse particles are removed from the pulverized product, and in the latter classifier, the pulverized product discharged from the former classifier. Of these, fine powder having a fine particle diameter can be removed.

  Examples of the classifier 31 include micron separators, turboplexes, TSP separators, TTSP separators (above, manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.), elbow jets (manufactured by Nippon Steel Mining Co., Ltd.), cyclone separators, and vibrating sieves. Etc. can be suitably used, and these are appropriately selected depending on the particle size of the intended pulverized product.

  As the gas introduced into the pulverizing apparatus 1, air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, helium or a mixed gas thereof can be preferably used. Moreover, those gases conditioned by a dehumidifier or a humidifier can be used.

  Temperature sensors 12 (12a, 12b) for measuring temperatures of the gas introduced from the supply port 3 and the gas discharged from the discharge port 4 are attached to the supply port 3 and the discharge port 4, respectively. By providing the temperature sensor 12 at the supply port 3 and the discharge port 4, the temperature in the casing 2 can be maintained. The temperature sensor 12 is provided not only at the supply port 3 and the discharge port 4 but also at a plurality of locations on the casing 2 along the axis X, and is formed between the uneven portion 2G of the liner 2b and a grinding blade of the rotor 20 described later. The grinding zone may be measured directly. By doing in this way, more accurate temperature management becomes possible.

As a method for maintaining and managing the temperature in the casing 2, for example, an upper limit temperature is set in the temperature sensor 12 b provided in the discharge port 4, and when the upper limit temperature is exceeded, the temperature is introduced from the supply port 3. The flow rate of the cooling gas and the coolant for cooling the liner 2b or the coolant for cooling the rotor 20 is increased, or the temperature of the exhaust gas is controlled to be lower than the upper limit temperature by lowering the temperature of the coolant. As another control method, it is also possible to control the supply rate of the raw material introduced from the supply port 3 so that the temperature of the exhaust gas does not exceed the upper limit temperature.
As the temperature sensor 12, a known sensor can be used.

(Configuration of rotor)
The rotor 20 includes a shaft 20S that is rotationally driven by the motor M, and a plurality of annular rotor pieces that are externally fitted to the shaft 20S. In this embodiment, the rotor piece is provided closest to the supply port 3, has a rotor diameter smaller than rotor pieces 20Pb and 20Pc, which will be described later, and both end surfaces intersecting the axis X are generally simple planes. The rotor piece 20Pa thus formed, one rotor piece 20Pb in which a small-diameter cylindrical portion 23 having a small outer diameter protrudes from the one surface intersecting the axis X to the discharge port 4 side, and provided closest to the discharge port 4. , Both end faces intersecting with the axis X are constituted by a rotor piece 20Pc having a generally simple plane. In this embodiment, the rotor 20 is divided into the rotor pieces. However, the rotor 20 may be formed as a single piece without being divided into the rotor pieces.

  A plurality of cylindrical pin hammers 20Ga are formed as grinding blades on the outer periphery of the rotor piece 20Pa, and an uneven portion 20Gb is formed as a grinding blade on the outer periphery of the rotor piece 20Pb and the outer periphery of the rotor piece 20Pc excluding the small diameter cylindrical portion 23. Yes. That is, the rotor 20 is configured with a first pulverization unit using the rotor piece 20Pa and a second pulverization unit using the rotor pieces 20Pb and 20Pc. Further, the uneven portion 20Gb of the second pulverizing portion constituted by the rotor piece 20Pb and the rotor piece 20Pc is divided by one annular notch 24.

  As described above, since the rotor diameter of the rotor piece 20Pa is smaller than the rotor diameter of the rotor piece 20Pb, a step is formed between the rotor piece 20Pa and the rotor piece 20Pb. This step serves as a weir to prevent a powder having a large particle size from being easily crushed in the first pulverizing part from moving to the second pulverizing part.

  The shaft 20S of the rotor 20 is rotatably supported via a pair of bearings 22a and 22b disposed at the centers of the side wall portions 2c and 2d.

  A refrigerant flow path 21 is formed in a sealed manner inside the rotor 20. The refrigerant flow path 21 passes from the first end 20Sa of the shaft 20S supported by the first bearing 22a through the annular refrigerant flow path 21 formed in the rotor pieces 20Pa, 20Pb, and 20Pc, and then the second bearing 22b. It extends to the second end 20Sb of the shaft 20S supported by the.

  The refrigerant flow path 21 forms an annular flow path 21R extending circumferentially inside each of the rotor pieces 20Pa, 20Pb, and 20Pc, and the rotor piece 20Pa and the rotor piece 20Pb that are adjacent to each other, and the rotor piece 20Pb and the rotor piece. The 20Pc annular flow paths 21R are connected to each other by a single refrigerant flow path 21 extending in parallel with the axis X at a position slightly radially outside the shaft 20S.

  A coolant such as cold water is sent from the first end portion 20Sa to the coolant channel 21, and the warmed refrigerant discharged from the second end portion 20Sb is cooled by the heat exchanger 33 and sent again toward the first end portion 20Sa. A pump P is provided.

  Note that the coolant channel 21 and the annular channel 21R do not necessarily have to be formed inside the rotor piece 20Pa of the first pulverization unit, and the rotor piece of the second pulverization unit is directly passed from the first end 20Sa through the coolant channel 21. You may make it send a refrigerant | coolant to 20Pb.

  The uneven portion 2G on the liner 2b side is generally provided in a region where the crushing blade of the rotor 20 is located, and the liner 2b is closest to the supply port 3 and the liner 2b is closest to the discharge port 4. Buffer spaces V1 and V2 in which neither the grinding blade of the rotor 20 nor the uneven portion 2G of the liner 2b exists are provided.

(Liner configuration)
A space between the outer cylindrical portion 2a and the liner 2b forms a second refrigerant flow path 8 for cooling the liner 2b with a refrigerant such as cold water. The refrigerant flow path 8 is divided into three regions arranged in the circumferential direction by horizontally extending partitions. The refrigerant is circulated in the refrigerant flow path 8 by a refrigerant circuit 34 including a pump P and a heat exchanger 33 common to the refrigerant flow path 21.

  In this embodiment, for both the refrigerant flow path 21 in the rotor 20 and the refrigerant flow path 8 in the casing 2, the direction of the pump P and the refrigerant so that the refrigerant flows from the supply port 3 toward the discharge port 4. Although the arrangement of the circuit 34 is set, it may be implemented in a form in which the refrigerant flows in the reverse direction depending on the characteristics of the object to be processed and the usage method such as the gas introduction means.

The casing 2 and the liner 2b can be divided into a plurality of blocks juxtaposed along the axis X, and one block is divided into a plurality of small blocks in the circumferential direction as illustrated in FIG. Can be classified.
In the example of FIG. 3, each block can be divided into four small blocks adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction, and each small block includes a box-shaped casing piece 9 and a radially inner side of the casing piece 9. And a liner piece 10 that closes an opening 9A provided in the inner part.

The opening 9A of the casing piece 9 has a curved short shape, and an annular elastic seal 11 is inserted into the seal groove 9B formed on the end surface facing the radial inner side of the edge constituting the opening 9A. ing.
The liner piece 10 is fixed to the casing piece 9 with bolts and nuts through the through holes 10H formed at six locations including the four corners of the liner piece 10 and the through holes 9H of the casing piece 9. When the bolts and nuts are tightened at the time of fixing, the elastic seal 11 is pressed against the smooth outer peripheral surface of the liner piece 10, thereby sealing the internal space of the casing piece 9.

In each casing piece 9, an input port 2Pa and an output port 2Pb that constitute the second refrigerant flow path 8 are disposed so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and an uneven portion 2G is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the liner piece 10. Are integrally formed.
Since the second refrigerant flow path 8 is constituted by a space S surrounded by the casing piece 9 and the liner piece 10, the refrigerant comes into direct contact with the outer peripheral surface of the liner piece 10, so that the uneven portion of the liner 2 b is obtained. A high cooling effect can be obtained even in the vicinity of 2G.

  In the space S surrounded by the casing piece 9 and the liner piece 10, as a means for preventing the phenomenon that the refrigerant shortcuts from the input port 2Pa to the output port 2Pb at the shortest distance, as illustrated in FIG. A plurality of fin-shaped baffle plates 9 </ b> S may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the piece 9.

  In the example shown in FIG. 4, two baffle plates 9 </ b> S shorter than the inner dimension in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the casing piece 9 extend along the circumferential direction and are separated from each other in the axial direction. In addition, one baffle plate 9S is disposed so as to open the flow path only on one side in the circumferential direction, and the other baffle plate 9S is disposed so as to open the flow path only on the other side in the circumferential direction.

  In this way, the input port 2Pa and the output port 2Pb are respectively arranged at one end and the other end of the flow path whose length is increased by the baffle plate 9S. With the above configuration, the refrigerant flowing into the space S from the input port 2Pa is exhausted from the output port 2Pb while passing through the entire space S to every corner, so that the entire surface of the liner piece 10 is evenly cooled by the refrigerant. It becomes easy.

  The casing 2 and the liner 2b do not necessarily have a split structure, but the split structure as described above facilitates maintenance.

(Configuration of the crushing blade of the rotor 20 and the uneven portion 2G of the liner 2b)
1 and 2 illustrate a pin hammer 20Ga of a rotor piece 20Pa. The pin hammers 20Ga juxtaposed at intervals along the axis X are shown as being formed over the entire circumference of the rotor piece 20Pa. Further, the pin hammers 20Ga adjacent in the circumferential direction are formed with their positions shifted in the direction of the axis X. In this way, since the pin hammers 20Ga adjacent in the circumferential direction are formed by shifting the positions in the axial center X direction, the probability that the workpiece supplied from the supply port 3 collides with the pin hammer 20Ga increases. It is possible to prevent passing through the pin hammer 20Ga without being pulverized and moving to the second pulverizing part.

  As for the attachment of the pin hammer 20Ga to the rotor piece 20Pa, there are a method of fitting and fixing the pin hammer 20Ga from the inside of the rotor piece 20Pa, a method of fixing by welding or screwing, and the like.

  The average value of the gap Da in the radial direction between the convex portion of the concavo-convex portion 2G of the liner 2b and the tip of the pin hammer 20Ga of the rotor piece 20Pa may be set to, for example, about 1.5 mm. The length can be changed as appropriate. Further, the shape of the pin hammer is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a square shape such as a quadrangle or a hexagon. The pin hammer is effective in that the temperature rise of the airflow can be reduced because heat generation due to gas friction during rotation can be reduced. If the object to be processed is a substance that is not easily affected by heat, such as an inorganic substance or a thermosetting resin, or if the object to be processed can be sufficiently cooled in the first pulverizing section, the hammer is not limited to a pin hammer and is a block-shaped hammer. Can also be used. The material of the hammer may be appropriately selected according to the workpiece.

Next, the uneven portions 2G and 20Gb will be described.
5A and 5B illustrate cross-sectional shapes of the uneven portions 2G and 20Gb. The uneven portions 2G and 20Gb are provided in parallel along the axis X. As can be understood from FIGS. 5A and 5B, the convex portion of the concavo-convex portion 2G on the liner 2b side and the convex portion of the concavo-convex portion 20Gb on the rotor 20 side both have a laterally asymmetric shape. The rotation direction (arrow A) is basically configured such that the gentle side of inclination is the front in the relative movement direction.

  Specific examples of the dimensions of the uneven portion 2G of the liner 2b shown in FIG. 5A are Lh1: 1.5 mm, Lc1: 0.3 mm, Lc2: 1.55 mm, and Lc3: 0.45 mm. Moreover, the specific example of the dimension of the uneven | corrugated | grooved part 20Gb of the rotor 20 is Rh1: 2.5mm, Rc1: 0.3mm, Rc2: 2.5mm, Rc3: 0.6mm.

In the uneven portion 2G on the liner 2b side shown in FIG. 5 (b), the number of the uneven portions 2G is halved compared to FIG. 5 (a) showing the pattern of the conventional uneven portion 2G for the purpose of increasing the cooling efficiency. Thus, the space volume between the concave and convex portions 2G and 20Gb is effectively increased without changing the gap Db between the convex portion of the concave and convex portion 2G and the convex portion of 20Gb.
Specific examples of the dimensions in this case are Lh2: 3.0 mm and Lc4: 2.6 mm.
It is also possible to apply the configuration of the characteristic uneven portion 2G described above to the uneven portion 20Gb on the rotor 20 side instead of the uneven portion 2G on the liner 2b side.

  The above numerical values are only one preferred example, and are appropriately changed according to the physical properties of the object to be processed, the target particle size after pulverization, and the like. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the concave portion may be a curved shape having substantially no corner portion such as an arc shape opened inward instead of the short shape shown in FIG.

  The average value of the total length in the axial center X direction of the gap Db in the radial direction between the convex portion of the concave and convex portion 2G of the liner 2b and the convex portion of the concave and convex portion 20Gb of the rotor pieces 20Pb and 20Pc is about 0.8 mm to about 5 It can be set in a range of 0.0 mm, and is usually set to about 1 mm to about 2 mm. The gap Db can be gradually decreased from the supply port 3 side toward the discharge port 4 side.

  Generally, if the gaps Da and Db are narrowed, the particle size of the pulverized product becomes small, and if the gaps Da and Db are set wide, the particle size of the pulverized product tends to be large. Note that the above numerical range is a guide only, and can be implemented with various changes depending on the characteristics of the object to be processed and the target particle size.

Moreover, it is also possible not to form the uneven | corrugated | grooved part 2G in the liner 2b inner surface facing the pin hammer 20Ga of rotor piece 20Pa.
In addition to the gap Da in the radial direction between the convex part of the concave-convex part 2G of the liner 2b and the tip of the pin hammer 20Ga of the rotor piece 20Pa, the gap Db in the radial direction between the convex part of the concave-convex part 20Gb of the rotor pieces 20Pb, 20Pc, It is also possible to change the number of uneven portions, the shape, the depth of the recesses, etc. for each rotor piece.

The concave and convex portion 2G on the inner surface of the liner 2b, the pin hammer 20Ga of the rotor piece 20Pa, and the concave and convex portion 20Gb on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor piece 20Pb and 20Pc are hardened by hard chrome plating so as to be adaptable to wearable raw materials. It has been worn out. In addition to hard chrome plating, suitable examples of the wear resistance treatment include tungsten carbide spray, ceramic spray such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide or silicon nitride, and other canak treatments.
Also, the liner 2b and the pin hammer 20Ga itself can be made of a cemented carbide such as tungsten carbide, or a ceramic such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, or silicon nitride.

The surface of the rotor 20 and the surface of the liner 2b can be buffed or electropolished, for example. By performing the surface polishing, the surface of the rotor 20 or the surface of the liner 2b becomes smooth, so that the adhesion of the raw materials is reduced and the cleaning becomes easy.
As a preferred example of the surface roughness of the rotor 20 or the liner 2b, the arithmetic average roughness Ra = 0.2 μm to 6.3 μm, more preferably Ra = 0.2 μm to 1.5 μm.

(Configuration of gas introduction means)
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the pulverization apparatus 1 may include a gas introduction unit that introduces a gas into the liner 2 b at an intermediate position along the axis X different from the supply port 3. . In that case, the gas introducing means is located between the outer tube portion 2a and the liner 2b at a position corresponding to the boundary between the rotor piece 20Pa and the rotor piece 20Pb and a position corresponding to the notch 24 along the axis X. Two annular gas flow paths 5a and 5b formed by partitioning the space in a circumferential shape, and four gas supply boxes 6 provided above and below the outer cylinder portion 2a so as to communicate with the gas flow paths 5a and 5b. (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d), and the gas flow paths 5a, 5b are provided so as to communicate with the inside of the liner 2b by an annular slit 7 in which a part of the liner 2b is cut out circumferentially. .
The two upper and lower gas supply boxes 6a and 6b located near the supply port 3 communicate with one common gas flow path 5a, and similarly, the two upper and lower gas supply boxes 6c and 6d located near the discharge port 4 Is provided to communicate with the other gas flow path 5b.

  In a cross-sectional view in which the liner 2 b is cut by a plane including the axis X, the annular slit 7 extends while being inclined toward the discharge port 4 with respect to the radial direction of the axis X. The inclination angle of the annular slit 7 may be 15 ° to 20 °, for example.

  The annular slit 7 may extend in the radial direction of the rotor 20 without being inclined, or may be inclined in the opposite direction, but the object to be processed proceeds while moving toward the discharge port 4. In consideration of the pulverization process, it is desirable to incline toward the discharge port 4 side.

  In addition to the supply port 3, the above-described blower 30 introduces cooling gas into the liner 2 b from the annular slit 7 through the four gas supply boxes 6. The amount of gas discharged from the discharge port 4 matches the total amount of gas introduced from the supply port 3 and the four gas supply boxes 6 into the liner 2b. Each outer end of each of the four gas supply boxes 6 is provided with an adjustment valve (not shown) capable of adjusting the opening area communicating with the outside air. The amount of gas introduced from the supply box 6 can be changed. Moreover, the ratio of the amount of gas introduced from the supply port 3 and the total amount of gas introduced from the four gas supply boxes 6 can be changed by adjusting the opening of the adjustment valve.

  However, in a general operation method, about 1/3 of the total amount of gas introduced into the liner 2b is introduced from the supply port 3, and similarly about 1/3 is supplied to the gas supply boxes 6a and 6b near the supply port 3. The remaining approximately 1/3 is introduced from the gas supply boxes 6c and 6d near the discharge port 4.

  As described above, the gas is introduced into the liner 2b from the middle of the casing 2 to allow the gas to flow between the concave and convex portion 2G, the pin hammer 20Ga and the concave and convex portion 20Gb, and thereby the concave and convex portion 2G, the pin hammer 20Ga and the concave and convex portion. The vicinity of 20 Gb can be actively cooled, and the temperature can be further suppressed from increasing along the axis X toward the outlet 4.

  In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the introduction of the cooling gas on the second pulverizing unit side is provided at a location facing the notch 24, but the cooling gas is not necessarily introduced from the location facing the notch 24. However, the cooling effect in the casing 2 can be obtained. However, the introduction of the cooling gas from the portion facing the notch 24 of the rotor 20 can positively cool the object to be processed in the vicinity of the notch 24, and further the air flow and the object to be processed in the notch 24. This is a desirable embodiment because the object to be processed in the notch 24 is effectively cooled by the refrigerant inside the rotor 20 through the end face of the rotor 20 located in the notch 24 by stirring.

  As shown in FIG. 7, it is good also as a structure which provides the pin hammer 20Ga in the side surface at the side of the supply port 3 of rotor piece 20Pa. By setting it as such a structure, a to-be-processed object can be grind | pulverized also on the side surface by the side of the supply port 3 of rotor piece 20Pa, and productivity improves.

In addition, an annular weir 13 extending from the inner surface of the liner 2b toward the axial center of the shaft 20S may be provided at a position between the rotor piece 20Pa and the rotor piece 20Pb and / or a position facing the notch 24. . The height of the weir 13 (projecting dimension from the inner surface of the casing 2) can be appropriately set according to the properties of the object to be processed and the operating conditions. If necessary, a part of the weir 13 may be cut out or a plurality of openings may be provided. And about the cross-sectional shape of the weir 13, it can form in the shape where a short shape, a triangle shape, or a front-end | tip inclines toward the discharge port 4 side.
In the case where the annular slit 7 is provided in the liner 2b, the weir 13 may be provided by being shifted from the position of the annular slit 7 back and forth in the axial center X direction.

  When the weir 13a is provided at a position between the rotor piece 20Pa and the rotor piece 20Pb, it is possible to prevent the object to be processed from flowing out to the second pulverizing portion excessively. Furthermore, when the weir 13b is provided at a position facing the notch 24, not only can the object to be processed be prevented from flowing out excessively into the rotor piece 20Pc, but also the air flow and the object to be treated are notched by the weir 13b. The effect of being guided to the part 24 and effectively contacting the side surfaces of the rotor pieces 20Pb and 20Pc and being cooled is also obtained.

  The pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention can be suitably used for pulverizing minerals, foods, resins, and the like, and is particularly effective for pulverizing raw materials that are easily altered by heat. One of the raw materials that are easily altered by heat is toner (fine powdered ink used for coloring paper in a copying machine or a laser printer). Hereinafter, the toner manufacturing process will be described.

  The toner is mixed with the binder resin, colorant, and charge control agent, and melted and kneaded with a kneader such as an extruder, then cooled and solidified, and pulverized and classified to the desired particle size range. The product is the product. The above is the basic toner manufacturing process, but further processing steps are often entered during product production from fine pulverization to classification. That is, the fine powder after pulverization or fine powder after classification is externally added as it is or after being spheroidized and / or surface-modified to become a product. In addition to the coarse pulverization and fine pulverization, a classification step (coarse powder classification or fine powder classification) may be performed before and after spheroidization, surface modification, and external addition.

  Next, the pulverization process and the classification process will be described. The coarsely pulverized toner is finely pulverized and then classified into coarse powder and fine powder by a classifier. Here, when the fine powder is used as a product, the coarse powder is returned to the fine pulverizer and pulverized again. If the fine powder does not reach the predetermined particle size even by the fine pulverizer, the fine pulverizer is pulverized by an ultrafine pulverizer capable of further fine pulverization. In order to obtain a fine powder having a predetermined particle size range, classification is performed using an appropriate classifier. In the case of obtaining a powder having a predetermined particle size range from fine powder after classification, the fine powder having a predetermined particle diameter or less may be removed after classification by another classifier, and the remaining fine powder (medium powder) may be used as a product. is there.

  Further, the following surface treatment process may be further performed on the toner obtained by pulverization or classification. That is, the toner particles are spheroidized, or other fine particles are externally added or embedded in the particle surface to modify the surface. Examples of other fine particles (external additives) include silica, titanium oxide, and magnesium stearate. Usually, the external additive is carried out at a stage before final production, but in some cases, the external additive may be added before or after classification or spheroidization. For example, a classification process (coarse powder classification or fine powder classification) can be performed after spheronization or surface treatment. After the general pulverization / classification process in the toner manufacturing process, the order of each process and the addition or omission of the process can be appropriately changed according to the purpose of the product, the processing conditions, and the like.

  As described above, the most basic flow for producing a toner can be expressed as (raw material) → (mixing) → (cooling solidification) → (pulverization / classification) → (product), but (pulverization / classification) There are the following devices that can be used for each processing step of coarse pulverization, fine pulverization, ultrafine pulverization, classification, surface treatment, and external addition as more specific processes.

  Examples of the apparatus used for coarse pulverization include a hammer mill and a pin mill. Specific examples of the trade names include a pulperizer (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), an ACM pulperizer (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), and the pulverizer of the present invention. It is done.

  There are jet mills (airflow type pulverizers), mechanical pulverizers and other devices used for fine pulverization. Specific product names include ACM pulperizer (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), Inomizer (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), Gracis (Made by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.), turbo mill (made by Freund Turbo Co., Ltd.), and the pulverizer of the present invention.

  Equipment used for ultra-fine grinding includes jet mills (airflow mills), mechanical mills, etc. Specific examples of product names include jet mills (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation) and Gracis (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation). ), Turbo mill (manufactured by Freund Turbo) and the like.

  As an apparatus used for classification, there are an inertial airflow classifier, a rotary blade classifier, and the like. Specific product names include turboplex (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), TSP separator (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), TTSP separator ( Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.), Turbo Classifier (Nisshin Engineering Co., Ltd.), Elbow Jet (Nittetsu Mining Co., Ltd.) and the like.

  Devices used for surface treatment include spheronization / surface modification devices, spheronization devices, surface modification devices, etc. Specific product names include Mechanofusion (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation) and Nobilta (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation). ), Cyclomix (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), faculty (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), Henschel mixer (manufactured by Nihon Coke Industries Co., Ltd.), composite (manufactured by Nihon Coke Industries Co., Ltd.), mechano hybrid (manufactured by Nihon Coke Industries Co., Ltd.) And a thermal spheronizer. Further, the pulverizing apparatus of the present invention can also be used as a surface treatment apparatus by appropriately selecting the shape of the pulverizing blade.

  There is an external additive mixer as a device used for external addition. Specific product names include Mechano-Fusion (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), Nobilta (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), Cyclomix (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation), Faculty ( Hosokawa Micron Corporation), Henschel Mixer (Nihon Coke Industries Co., Ltd.), Composite (Nihon Coke Industries Co., Ltd.), Mechano Hybrid (Nihon Coke Industries Co., Ltd.), and the like.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used for coarse pulverization, medium pulverization or fine pulverization of minerals, foods, and resins, and is particularly effective for pulverizing workpieces that are particularly susceptible to heat.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 Casing 2a Outer cylinder part 2b Liner 2c Side wall part 2d Side wall part 2G Uneven part 2Pa Input port 2Pb Output port 2S Leg part 3 Supply port 4 Discharge port 5 Gas flow path (gas introduction means, 5a, 5b)
6 Gas supply box (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d)
7 annular slit 8 refrigerant flow path 9 casing piece 9A opening 9B seal groove 9H through hole 9S baffle plate 10 liner piece 10H through hole 11 elastic seal 12 temperature sensor (supply port 3 side temperature sensor 12a, discharge port 4 side temperature sensor 12b )
13 weirs (13a, 13b)
20 rotor 20Ga pin hammer 20Gb uneven part 20Pa rotor piece 20Pb rotor piece 20Pc rotor piece 20S shaft 20Sa first end 20Sb second end 21 refrigerant flow path 21R annular flow path 22a first bearing 22b second bearing 23 small diameter cylindrical section 24 cut Notch 30 Blower 31 Classifier 32 Dust collector 33 Heat exchanger 34 Refrigerant circuit A Rotor rotating direction Da Gap Db Gap M Motor P Pump X Shaft center V1 Buffer space V2 Buffer space

Claims (8)

A casing with a cylindrical inner surface;
A rotor that is driven to rotate about an axis of the casing;
An airflow forming means for forming an airflow for conveying powder from a supply port provided at one end in the axial direction of the casing to a discharge port provided at the other end;
The rotor has a first crushing portion facing the supply port side and having a plurality of hammers attached to the outer periphery, and a second crushing portion facing the discharge port side and having an uneven portion formed on the outer periphery, A refrigerant flow path is formed at least inside the rotor of the second pulverizing part, and the uneven part of the second pulverizing part is axially formed by an annular notch extending along the circumferential direction of the rotor. A pulverizer characterized by being divided in a direction.   The diameter of the rotor of the first pulverizing unit is made smaller than the diameter of the rotor of the second pulverizing unit, and a step is formed between the rotor of the first pulverizing unit and the rotor of the second pulverizing unit. The crushing apparatus as described in.   The pulverization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a second refrigerant flow path is formed inside the casing.   The pulverization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an uneven portion is formed at least on an inner surface of the casing facing the rotor of the second pulverization portion.   The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hammer is configured by a pin-shaped hammer.   The crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the casing is provided with a gas supply port for introducing gas into the casing.   The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a weir is provided at least at a position between the first crushing part and the second crushing part on the inner surface of the casing.   The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a hammer is also formed on a side surface of the rotor of the first crushing part on the supply port side.