JP2013074817A - Chewing gum for pet, and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide chewing gum for pets that can improve a tooth brushing effect, and a method for producing the chewing gum for pets.SOLUTION: The chewing gum for pets is made from animal skin and includes a knitted part knitted with a single string-like member obtained from animal skin. When a pet chews the chewing gum, the teeth thereby enter the gaps in the knitted part to obtain the tooth brushing effect. Further, because of being knitted with the single string-like member, the knitted part hardly comes apart into pieces but can retain the shape even in the case of being deformed by chewing.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pet animal gum and a method for producing the same.

  The population who keeps pets as pets is increasing year by year. Such pets are very cute and valued by their owners. In particular, in recent years, many owners place importance on the health of pet animals, such as having a veterinarian in a veterinary hospital immediately consult with a veterinarian when a pet animal feels sick.

  Such pets cannot brush their teeth by brushing themselves, so that calculus and plaque can accumulate and cause periodontal disease, and dental health is regarded as a problem.

  On the other hand, for example, a food material having a tooth brushing effect using zeolite has been proposed, such as an animal food material described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-28312).

The food material described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-28312) described above aims to increase the number of times of chewing and improve the brushing effect by improving the biting response. When the material is chewed by a pet animal, it hits the tip of the tooth, but hardly hits the root of the tooth. For this reason, it is not possible to sufficiently obtain the tooth brushing effect at the root of the tooth or the portion of the tooth close to the gums.

  Moreover, the conventional food material may be destroyed and chewed down by chewing by a pet animal. If it is broken down in this way, the appetite's appetite and interest in the food material may not be maintained until the meal is completed, and the opportunity to obtain a brushing effect by chewing may be impaired.

  Also, if the food material is broken down into small pieces, pets will swallow immediately without chewing, or the teeth used for mastication will be biased to specific teeth and the overall brushing effect will not be obtained There is a case. Furthermore, even if it is chewed, it may be decomposed | disassembled so small that sufficient brushing effect is not acquired.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the point mentioned above, The subject of this invention is providing the gum for pet animals which can improve a toothpaste effect, and its manufacturing method.

  The pet animal gum according to the first aspect of the present invention has a knitted portion that is knitted by a single string-like member obtained from an animal skin. In addition, the knitted part should just comprise at least one part of the whole pet animal gum, and may comprise the whole pet animal gum. The method of knitting the knitted portion is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a weft knitting (Weft Knitting) or a warp knitting (Warp Knitting). . Further, the knitted portion may be obtained by hand knitting or may be obtained by knitting by a machine.

  Since the pet animal gum uses a string-like member obtained from the skin of the animal, it can stir the appetite of the pet animal and can ensure the opportunity to chew more reliably. Moreover, since it has a knitting part, the teeth of a pet animal enter from between the string-like members of the knitting part. For this reason, the string-like member penetrates to the root of the tooth and is rubbed against a portion near the root of the tooth or gums to remove dirt. As a result, the tooth brushing effect can be sufficiently obtained even in the vicinity of the roots and gums of the teeth. In addition, about a tooth tip, the toothbrushing effect can be acquired similarly to the past.

  Furthermore, since the knitted portion of the pet animal gum is knitted by a single string-like member, it is less likely to be disassembled than when a plurality of string-like members are assembled. For this reason, it is easy to keep the appetite of the companion animal until it is completely eaten, preventing swallowing immediately, and it becomes easy to secure an opportunity to obtain a tooth brushing effect by chewing. Moreover, since it has a knitting part, it becomes possible to suppress the bias of the teeth used during mastication and to obtain a brushing effect on the entire teeth including the front teeth and the back teeth.

  Thereby, it is possible to enhance the tooth brushing effect.

  The pet animal gum according to the second aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the first aspect, wherein the knitted portion is 10 mass percent or more of the whole.

  This pet animal gum is composed of 10% by mass or more of the entire knitted portion. For this reason, when the pet animal chews, more teeth are likely to enter between the string members of the knitted portion.

  The pet animal gum according to the third aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein an uneven shape is formed on at least a part of the surface of the string-like member.

  The pet animal gum can not only simply contact the tartar and plaque adhering to the teeth of the pet animal, but also can rub the uneven portion on the teeth. As a result, it is possible to enhance the effect of scraping off the tartar and plaque due to the friction between the uneven portion and the teeth.

  The pet animal gum according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the third aspect, wherein the ten-point average roughness in the cross-sectional curve of the surface on which the irregular shape is formed has a reference length of 25. When it is 0 mm, it is 35 μm or more and 400 μm or less.

  This pet animal gum can further enhance the effect of scraping off tartar and plaque.

  In the pet animal gum according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the pet animal gum according to the first aspect or the second aspect, the knitted portion is formed so as to include a portion whose outer shape is a cylindrical shape.

  The pet animal gum is three-dimensionally formed because the outer shape of the knitted portion includes a cylindrical shape. As a result, compared to the case where the outer shape is a plate shape, when the outer shape is a cylindrical shape, the teeth can easily enter from the periphery to the inside, and the string-like member can easily enter between the teeth and near the root of the teeth. Become.

  More specifically, for example, if the outer shape is plate-like, even if the pet's teeth try to get into the gap between the string-like members, the upper and lower teeth will hit the gap. In the case of stagnation, it may be difficult to insert the string-like member to the root of the tooth. On the other hand, in this pet animal gum, since the outer shape includes a portion formed in a three-dimensional shape so as to have a cylindrical shape, before the upper teeth and the lower teeth hit, It becomes possible to allow the string-like member to enter the base.

  The pet animal gum according to the sixth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the fifth aspect, wherein an uneven shape is formed on at least a part of a circumferential surface other than the inside of the cylindrical shape and other than the outside. ing.

  This pet animal gum has an irregular shape formed on at least a part of the surface where the string members face each other when the teeth enter between the cylindrical string members. The portion where the uneven shape is formed is rubbed. This makes it possible to further enhance the effect of scraping off tartar and plaque.

  The gum for pets according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is the gum for pets according to any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, and the fifth aspect, and the string-like member is the animal skin in the thickness direction view. It is obtained by cutting along a spiral path. Note that the spiral path here may be spirally cut from the inside to the outside so that the radius length increases, or from the outside so that the radius length decreases. You may cut | disconnect spirally toward an inner side.

  This pet animal gum obtains a string-like member by cutting an animal skin. Here, if the animal skin is simply cut linearly, the length of the obtained string-like member will be short. Because the size of the animal skin is small in individual differences, when cutting linearly, the length of the string-like member obtained by cutting is as long as possible (for example, a rectangular skin) For example, the length of the obtained string-like member is limited due to the physique of the animal.

  On the other hand, with this pet animal gum, the skin of the animal is not cut linearly, but is cut along a spiral path as viewed in the thickness direction. For this reason, it becomes possible to lengthen the length of the string-like member obtained. Thereby, compared with the case where a knitted part is knitted using a short string-like member, the direction where the knitted part is knitted using a long string-like member can increase the size of the knitted part.

  The pet animal gum according to the eighth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the seventh aspect, wherein the animal skin is the dermis between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissue.

  Since the pet animal gum is formed using the dermis portion, the effect of brushing the teeth when the dried product is chewed can be further enhanced.

  The pet animal gum according to the ninth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the eighth aspect, wherein the string-like member includes the surface roughness of the dermis on the surface of the epidermis side and the surface of the surface on the subcutaneous tissue side. An uneven shape having a rougher surface roughness than any of the roughnesses is formed.

  Here, the surface roughness of the dermis on the epidermis side and the surface on the subcutaneous tissue side are specified as the ten-point average roughness in the cross-section curve when the reference length is 2.5 mm. Is done.

  In the commercially available dermis, both the surface on the epidermis side and the surface on the subcutaneous tissue side constitute a smooth surface.

  On the other hand, the cord-like member of this pet animal gum has a concavo-convex shape, and the surface roughness of the concavo-convex portion is any of the smooth epidermis side surface and the subcutaneous tissue side surface of the dermis. It is comprised so that it may become coarser. For this reason, compared to the case where the smooth epidermis side or the surface of the subcutaneous tissue side of the dermis is rubbed against the teeth, the calculus and plaque are scraped off when the rugged portion is rubbed against the teeth. It becomes possible to increase the effect.

  The pet animal gum according to the tenth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the ninth aspect, wherein the uneven shape is for cutting when the dermis is cut along a spiral path in the thickness direction. It is formed due to a change in how the blade edge and the cut surface of the dermis come into contact.

  This pet animal gum can simultaneously form an uneven shape while obtaining a string-like member from the dermis.

  The pet animal gum according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein a hardened layer is provided at least on the surface of the knitted portion.

  In this pet animal gum, since a hardened layer is formed on the surface of the knitted portion, it becomes possible to fix the string-like members that are in contact with each other at the knitted portion. For this reason, when chewed by a pet animal, the shape is easily maintained, and friction with teeth can be effectively generated.

  The pet animal gum according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to any one of the first aspect to the eleventh aspect, wherein the knitting method is a flat knitting.

  The method of knitting the pet animal gum is a flat knitting. For this reason, the knitted portion has an infinite number of portions in which the string-like member is in the shape of a ring. For this reason, when chewing, a plurality of teeth enter the inside of each of the plurality of rings. In this case, since the shape of the plurality of rings is composed of one thread-like member and is continuous with each other, if one ring tries to spread, tension can be applied to the other ring, and the string shape The member is less likely to come off the tooth. Thereby, a toothbrushing effect can be heightened more.

  The pet animal gum according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to any one of the first aspect to the twelfth aspect, wherein the animal skin is cow, pig, horse, deer, kangaroo, ostrich, sheep , Goat, and one or more combinations selected from the group consisting of rabbits.

  The method for producing a pet animal gum according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention includes the following steps. Prepare animal dermis. The preparation of the dermis may be prepared commercially. By cutting the dermis in the thickness direction, at least one string-like member is obtained. A knitted portion is formed by knitting one string-like member.

  The pet animal gum obtained by this method for producing a pet animal gum uses a string-like member obtained from the skin of the animal, so it can stir the appetite of the pet animal and ensure the opportunity to chew more reliably can do. Moreover, since it has a knitting part, the teeth of a pet animal enter from between the string-like members of the knitting part. For this reason, the string-like member penetrates to the root of the tooth and is rubbed against a portion near the root of the tooth or gums to remove dirt. As a result, the tooth brushing effect can be sufficiently obtained even in the vicinity of the roots and gums of the teeth. In addition, about a tooth tip, the toothbrushing effect can be acquired similarly to the past.

  Furthermore, since the knitted portion of the pet animal gum is knitted by a single string-like member, it is less likely to be disassembled than when a plurality of string-like members are assembled. For this reason, it is easy to keep the appetite of the companion animal until it is completely eaten, preventing swallowing immediately, and it becomes easy to secure an opportunity to obtain a tooth brushing effect by chewing. Moreover, since it has a knitting part, it becomes possible to suppress the bias of the teeth used during mastication and to obtain a brushing effect on the entire teeth including the front teeth and the back teeth.

  Thereby, it is possible to enhance the tooth brushing effect.

  The method for producing a pet animal gum according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for producing a pet animal gum according to the fourteenth aspect, wherein the cutting path for cutting the dermis in the thickness direction is spiral when viewed in the thickness direction. It is. Note that the spiral path here may be spirally cut from the inside to the outside so that the radius length increases, or from the outside so that the radius length decreases. You may cut | disconnect spirally toward an inner side.

  A pet animal gum obtains a string-like member by cutting an animal skin. Here, if the animal skin is simply cut linearly, the length of the obtained string-like member will be short. Because the size of the animal skin is small in individual differences, when cutting linearly, the length of the string-like member obtained by cutting is as long as possible (for example, a rectangular skin) For example, the length of the obtained string-like member is limited due to the physique of the animal.

  On the other hand, in this method for producing a pet animal gum, the skin of an animal is not cut linearly but is cut along a spiral path as viewed in the thickness direction. For this reason, it becomes possible to lengthen the length of the string-like member obtained. Thereby, compared with the case where a knitted part is knitted using a short string-like member, the direction where the knitted part is knitted using a long string-like member can increase the size of the knitted part.

  The gum for pets according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention is the gum for pets according to the fourteenth aspect or the fifteenth aspect, and the string-like member is processed so that at least a part of the surface has an uneven shape. .

  The pet animal gum obtained by this manufacturing method has an uneven shape formed on at least a part of the string-like member. Therefore, when the pet animal chews, the uneven shape part of the string-like member is in contact with the teeth. Rubbed. This makes it possible to further enhance the effect of scraping off tartar and plaque.

  The pet animal gum according to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the sixteenth aspect, wherein the irregular shape is for cutting when the dermis is cut along a spiral path in the thickness direction. It is formed due to a change in how the blade edge and the cut surface of the dermis come into contact. Note that “formed due to a change in the contact between the cutting edge and the cut surface of the dermis” is not particularly limited. For example, the cutting blade is reciprocated in the longitudinal direction. However, when the dermis is fed, it may be formed by loosening the fixed state of the dermis so as to leave room for movement somewhat following the cutting blade. In addition, while performing partial cutting using sharp teeth for cutting, uneven portions may be formed by tearing off the slightly connected portions.

  This method for manufacturing a pet animal gum can provide an uneven shape to the string-like member simultaneously with the cutting operation of the dermis. For this reason, it is not necessary to perform both cutting work and uneven | corrugated formation work as a separate process, and productivity can be improved.

  The pet animal gum according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to the sixteenth aspect or the seventeenth aspect, wherein the surface roughness of the part processed so as to have an uneven shape is the epidermis side of the dermis. The surface roughness is processed to be rougher than both the surface roughness of the surface and the surface roughness of the surface on the subcutaneous tissue side.

  Here, the surface roughness of the dermis on the epidermis side and the surface on the subcutaneous tissue side are specified as the ten-point average roughness in the cross-section curve when the reference length is 2.5 mm. Is done.

  In the commercially available dermis, both the surface on the epidermis side and the surface on the subcutaneous tissue side constitute a smooth surface.

  On the other hand, the cord-like member of the pet animal gum obtained by this manufacturing method has an uneven shape, and the surface roughness of the uneven shape portion is the smooth surface of the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue. It is configured to be rougher than any of the side surfaces. For this reason, compared to the case where the smooth epidermis side or the surface of the subcutaneous tissue side of the dermis is rubbed against the teeth, the calculus and plaque are scraped off when the rugged portion is rubbed against the teeth. The effect can be further enhanced.

  The pet animal gum according to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention is the pet animal gum according to any one of the fourteenth to eighteenth aspects, wherein the knitted portion is formed so as to include a portion whose outer shape is a cylindrical shape. Yes.

  The pet animal gum obtained by this manufacturing method is formed three-dimensionally because the outer shape of the knitted part includes a cylindrical part. As a result, compared to the case where the outer shape is a plate shape, when the outer shape is a cylindrical shape, the teeth can easily enter from the periphery to the inside, and the string-like member can easily enter between the teeth and near the root of the teeth. Become.

  More specifically, for example, if the outer shape is plate-like, even if the pet's teeth try to get into the gap between the string-like members, the upper and lower teeth will hit the gap. In such a case, it may be difficult to insert the string-like member up to the root of the tooth.

  On the other hand, in this pet animal gum, since the outer shape includes a portion formed in a three-dimensional shape so as to have a cylindrical shape, before the upper teeth and the lower teeth hit, It becomes possible to allow the string-like member to enter the base.

  The pet animal gum according to the twentieth aspect of the present invention further includes a step of providing a hardened layer on at least the surface of the knitted portion in the pet animal gum according to any one of the fourteenth to nineteenth aspects.

  Since the hardened layer is formed on the surface of the knitted portion, the pet animal gum obtained by this manufacturing method can fix the string-like members that are in contact with each other at the knitted portion. For this reason, when chewed by a pet animal, the shape is easily maintained, and friction with teeth can be effectively generated.

  According to the gum for pet animals of the present invention, the tooth brushing effect of pet animals can be enhanced.

  According to the method for producing a pet animal gum of the present invention, it is possible to produce a pet animal gum that can enhance the tooth brushing effect of the pet animal.

It is an external appearance perspective view of the gum for pets which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the three-layer state of epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. It is a figure which shows the mode of the dermis cut into the specific shape for cutting devices. It is a figure which shows the mode of the cutting start state of a dermis. It is a figure which shows a mode that a string-like member is obtained by cut | disconnecting a dermis in spiral shape. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the blade for a cutting | disconnection and dermis seen from the radial direction outer side. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the blade for a cutting | disconnection and dermis seen from the dermis progress direction side in a tangential direction. It is a schematic plan view when the state of the cut portion is viewed from above. It is the schematic which shows the mode of the uneven | corrugated shape of a string-like member. It is the top view seen from the front side of the flat knitting. It is the top view seen from the back side of a flat knitting. It is a figure which shows the example at the time of an animal chewing the gum for pet animals. It is a figure which shows the example of the gum for pets which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the axial view schematic sectional drawing of the cylindrical body of the gum for pet animals which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a general-view perspective view of the gum for pets which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a general-view perspective view of the string-like site concerning a 4th embodiment. It is a general-view perspective view of the gum for pets which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the reference example of the cutting method which obtains a string-like member from dermis. It is a figure which shows the example at the time of being assembled | assembled by the several string-like member. It is a figure explaining a mode at the time of eating the gum assembled by a plurality of string-like members.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a pet animal gum and a method for producing the same as an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(1) 1st Embodiment In FIG. 1, the general-view perspective view of the gum 10 for pets which concerns on 1st Embodiment is shown.

(1-1) Overview of Pet Animal Gum 10 The pet animal gum 10 is a flat knitted so that one string-like member 7 made of cow dermis is a cylindrical body having an outer shape. It is obtained by doing.

  The pet animal gum 10 is given as a food to an animal such as a dog, and is swallowed after being sufficiently chewed by teeth. When this pet animal gum 10 is chewed by the pet animal, the teeth and the pet animal gum 10 rub against each other, so that a tooth brushing effect that removes dirt on the teeth is obtained, as well as tartars attached to the teeth. The effect of scraping off plaque etc. is obtained.

(1-2) Method for Manufacturing Pet Animal Gum 10 The pet animal gum 10 is manufactured in the following steps.

(1-2-1) Preparation of dermis 6 First, the dermis is prepared.

  The dermis can be obtained by conventional commercial techniques. As shown in FIG. 2, the dermis 6 is a skin obtained by removing the epidermis 5 and the subcutaneous tissue 4 from the animal skin (in this embodiment, cow skin). In addition, the epidermis 5 is the tissue located most outside the body which comprises the skin of an animal. The subcutaneous tissue 4 includes internal organs and fat.

  Since the dermis 6 is derived from the size of the animal, its size varies from individual to individual. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the length L1 is approximately 70 cm and the width L2 is approximately 120 cm. The thickness is about 2 mm. In particular, the thickness of the dermis 6 is in the range of 1 mm to 4 mm.

  Here, in the commercially available dermis 6, the upper surface 6e on the epidermis 5 side and the lower surface 6i on the subcutaneous tissue 4 side are respectively washed and smoothed.

(1-2-2) Adjustment of Shape for Setting to Cutting Machine Next, the prepared dermis 6 is cut into a circular shape as shown in FIG. 3 (the outer diameter is about 570 mm).

  In this embodiment, in order to start cutting in a spiral shape from the inside, an opening 6x having a small diameter (diameter is about 40 mm) as shown in FIG. 3 is provided on the inside.

(1-2-3) Creation of string-like member 7 by cutting The dermis 6 cut into a circular shape is set at a predetermined position of a cutting device (not shown) provided with a cutting blade 8 as shown in FIG. To do.

  The dermis 6 rotates smoothly (not intermittently) at a predetermined rotational speed in a predetermined rotational direction R1 by the turntable of the cutting device. Here, the cutting blade 8 is driven at a predetermined cycle with a predetermined stroke width (14 mm in this case) up and down at a predetermined cycle and stroke. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5, the string-like member 7 is obtained by cutting the dermis 6 spirally from the inside toward the outside. Here, as the cutting progresses, the inner opening 6x becomes larger, so that the cutting blade 8 gradually moves outward in the radial direction as the opening 6x expands (see the arrow in FIG. 5). The predetermined rotation speed and the vertical driving cycle of the cutting blade 8 can be adjusted by inputting via an operation unit (not shown). In this embodiment, it is cut so that the width is 1.7 mm.

  FIG. 6 shows the positional relationship between the cutting blade 8 and the dermis 6 as seen from the outside in the radial direction. FIG. 7 shows the positional relationship between the cutting blade 8 and the dermis 6 as viewed from the dermis traveling direction side (lower side in FIG. 5) in the tangential direction of the arc of the dermis 6. FIG. 8 shows a schematic plan view when the state during cutting is viewed from above.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the circular outer periphery of the dermis 6 cut into a circular shape is sandwiched between the turntable 91 and the sandwiching portion 93 from the vertical direction. The dermis 6 is rotated while the circular outer peripheral portion is held. Here, the holding portion 93 is pressed against the upper surface 6 e of the dermis 6 by a pressing lever 94. Further, the presser 92 is located above the upper surface 6e of the dermis 6 and radially outside in the vicinity of the cut portion of the dermis 6, and during the cutting of the dermis 6, the upper surface 6e of the dermis 6 Pressed down. As a result, the dermis 6 is not only held by the turntable 91 and the holding portion 93, but also the vicinity of the cut portion of the circular inner periphery is pressed from above by the presser 92. The inner peripheral side end portion of the dermis 6 is made not to be a free end (the vicinity of the cut portion of the circular inner peripheral portion is pressed only from the upper side and not pressed from the lower side). At the time of cutting, the lower surface of the presser 92 rubs against the upper surface 6e of the dermis 6 and prevents the dermis 6 from swinging upward in the vicinity of the part to be cut. As a result, when the cutting blade 8 cuts from the upper side to the lower side, the dermis 6 is released from the lower surface of the presser 92 toward the lower side, and the cutting blade 8 is directed from the lower side to the upper side. When cutting, the dermis 6 rises upward so as to follow the cutting blade 8, and further upward movement is restricted by the lower surface of the presser 92.

  The cutting blade 8 is formed so that the rear side of the dermis 6 in the direction of rotation is sharp. Specifically, the cutting blade 8 has a length in the traveling direction of the dermis 6 of 5 mm and a radial width of 3 mm, except for a sharp portion. The cutting blade 8 has a rear side (a side opposite to the rotational advance direction of the dermis 6, a tooth tip side) extending in a vertical direction, and the rear side (dermis 6) as it advances downward from a position 8 mm above the lowest end. Is formed so as to become narrower toward the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the tooth, the tooth tip side). Further, the cutting blade 8 has a radially outer side extending in the vertical direction, and is formed so as to become thinner toward the radially outer side as it proceeds downward from a position 8 mm above the lowermost end. In addition, although the surface which faced the radial direction outer side of the blade 8 for cutting is a planar shape, as shown in FIG. 8, this plane is a front side (the rotational advance direction side of the dermis 6, the tooth tip and the tip). The cutting blade 8 is attached to the cutting device so as to have a slanting posture that goes radially inward toward the opposite side (so that θ in FIG. 8 is about 10 degrees).

  By being cut in this way, a string-like member 7 is obtained as shown in FIG. In addition, in this embodiment, since it cut | disconnects so that a width | variety may be set to 1.7 mm, the full length of the string-like member 7 obtained will be about 85 m. In FIG. 9, a surface E is a surface on the epidermis side, a surface I is a surface on the subcutaneous tissue side, a surface R is a surface located radially outside at the time of cutting, and a surface L is radially inward at the time of cutting. It is a surface located in Here, as for the surface R and the surface L, the uneven | corrugated shape is formed in all. This uneven shape is formed simultaneously with the cutting by the cutting device provided with the cutting blade 8. Specifically, irregularities are formed due to a change in how the cutting edge 8 of the cutting blade 8 and the cut surface of the dermis 6 come into contact.

(1-2-4) Knitting the string-like member 7 The string-like member 7 obtained as described above is a flat knitting (Plain Stitch) which is a kind of weft knitting (Weft Knitting) by a knitting machine (not shown). Knitting part is also formed by knitting, tengu, jersey). Further, the knitted portion is knitted so that the outer shape becomes a cylindrical shape, thereby forming a cylindrical body.

  In addition, before knitting, the string-like member 7 is immersed in an aqueous solution containing glycerin and ethanol for about 30 minutes in order to increase flexibility.

  The string-like member 7 is flat knitted while continuously performing an operation of forming a stitch (loop) without intersecting linearly like the front surface shown in FIG. 10 and the back surface shown in FIG. .

  This cylindrical body is continuously continuous mainly in the direction (the left-right direction in FIGS. 10 and 11) perpendicular to the direction in which the string-like member 7 is formed (the upward direction in FIGS. 10 and 11). It is obtained by knitting while forming stitches.

  In flat knitting, first, the first stage is made by making the string-like member 7 corrugated. Thereafter, the portion indicated by A in FIGS. 10 and 11 extends to the portion indicated by B, thereby adding one step in the axial direction of the cylindrical shape while forming the cylindrical shape. The string-like member 7 extending to B extends upward in the same manner as the first step from the inside of the portion protruding upward in the wavy shape of the first step toward the outside in the radial direction when the tube is formed. Knit while producing protruding parts. This creates a second stage. Thereafter, the portion indicated by C in FIGS. 10 and 11 extends to the portion indicated by D, thereby forming a cylindrical shape in the same manner as the first and second steps, and further adding one step in the axial direction of the cylindrical shape. Add (third stage). By repeating this operation, a cylindrical body by flat knitting is obtained.

  In addition, in this embodiment, since the string-like member 7 is cut | disconnected so that a width | variety may be set to 1.7 mm, the full length of the string-like member 7 obtained is about 85 m, and is about 4.2 m by flat knitting. It becomes a cylindrical body of the length. Thereafter, the 4.2 mm cylindrical body is cut to a length that the pet animal eats at a time.

(1-2-5) Curing the tubular body by flat knitting The tubular body in which the string member 7 is flat knitted and both ends are cut is impregnated with an aqueous solution in which starch is dissolved. In addition, it is preferable that the quantity of the starch contained in this aqueous solution is about 10-30 mass percent, and it is more preferable that it is about 20 mass percent. The aqueous solution may contain casein for the purpose of imparting the flavor and gloss of the pet animal gum 10.

  The cylindrical body impregnated with the aqueous solution as described above is forcibly dried with hot air, whereby a cured layer is formed on the surface layer, and the pet animal gum 10 is obtained.

(1-3) Characteristics Since the pet animal gum 10 obtained as described above has a cylindrical body formed by flat knitting, when the pet animal chews, as shown in FIG. However, when it goes to the inner side of the gap P between the string-like members 7 of the cylindrical body, friction between the teeth T and the string-like member 7 occurs. Thereby, the stain | pollution | contamination adhering to the tooth | gear T is removed and the toothbrushing effect is acquired.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 18, the length of the obtained string-like member 907 is shortened when it is simply cut linearly. For this reason, even if an attempt is made to obtain a flat knitted tubular body like the above-mentioned pet animal gum 10 by the obtained string-like member 907, the string-like member 907 cannot be obtained because it is immediately interrupted. On the other hand, in the said gum 10 for pet animals, the long string-like member 7 can be continuously obtained by cut | disconnecting the dermis 6 in a spiral shape (in the said embodiment, about 85 m). Thereby, the cylindrical body obtained by the flat knitting can be continuously manufactured (in the above embodiment, about 4.2 m).

  Further, for example, a combination 910 is obtained by combining a plurality of string-like members 907 obtained by linear cutting so that a gap is generated between the string-like members 907 as shown in FIG. Can be created. Here, the longitudinal direction of the assembly 907 and the longitudinal direction of each string-like member 907 are substantially in the same direction. The string-like member 907 is assembled with another string-like member 907 while being gently bent without being greatly bent. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 18, even if only a short string-like member 907 is obtained by cutting linearly, the length in the longitudinal direction is slightly shorter than the lateral L2 (about 120 cm). A braid 910 having a thickness can be obtained. However, in such an assembly 910, as shown in FIG. 20, when the pet animal tries to bite, if it is pulled in the longitudinal direction by pressing it with a hand or the like, the gap between the string-like members 907 is closed. It will be. When the pet animal chews, force is applied by the teeth from a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the string-like member 907. For this reason, the assembly 910 is easily crushed by the tip of the tooth T, and the string member 907 cannot be sufficiently rubbed against the root of the tooth T or the vicinity of the gum G of the tooth T. For this reason, sufficient brushing effect cannot be obtained.

  On the other hand, in the pet animal gum 10 of this embodiment, a cylindrical body is formed by a knitted portion in which one string-like member 7 is flat-knitted. For this reason, the clearance gap P is entirely provided in the outer side of the cylindrical body which the pet animal gum 10 bites, and the position of the clearance gap P is not particularly directional. Furthermore, since the string-like member 7 is flat knitted, it does not extend in the axial direction (longitudinal direction) of the cylindrical body, but the mesh (loop) is formed by undulation along the circumference of the cylindrical body. While making, it is growing. Moreover, since the mesh of the flat knitted string-like member 7 is intertwined with the upper and lower meshes, the cylindrical body has improved shape retention. Furthermore, since the inside of the cylindrical body having shape retention force is hollow, the tip of the tooth T easily enters the inside of the gap P. For this reason, no matter which direction the pet animal gum 10 is bitten, the tip of the tooth T reaches the inside of the cylindrical body, and the string-like member 7 is placed against the root of the tooth T or the vicinity of the gum G of the tooth T. Can be rubbed together. As described above, the pet animal gum 10 can obtain a sufficient brushing effect. In addition, when the part rubbed to the tooth | gear T is the uneven | corrugated shaped part provided in the string-like member 7, the effect of scraping off tartar and plaque can be heightened. Moreover, even if it is a pet animal like a dog that swallows immediately without being chewed after being crushed into small pieces, a tooth brushing effect can be obtained at the time of first biting.

  Furthermore, since the above-described assembly 910 is composed of a plurality of string-like members 907, if the pet animal picks up one of them and pulls it out, the overall shape of the assembly 910 collapses, and toothpaste. It is difficult to obtain the effect. On the other hand, the pet animal gum 10 is formed by knitting a single string-like member 7. Since one string-like member 7 is not picked up and pulled out and does not easily fall apart, a tooth brushing effect can be obtained until the meal is completed.

(2) Second Embodiment FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a pet animal gum 20 according to a second embodiment.

  Similarly to the pet animal gum 10 of the first embodiment, the pet animal gum 20 of the second embodiment also has a string-like member 27 (corresponding to the string-like member 7 of the first embodiment) formed by flat knitting. The point which forms a cylindrical body is common. In the pet animal gum 20 of the second embodiment, the end portion 22 formed in the axial direction is not cut off in the axial direction as in the pet animal gum 10 of the first embodiment. The cord member 27 has a configuration wound in the circumferential direction from the outside by the surplus portion 21. In this pet animal gum 20, the portion constituted by the flat knitting occupies 90 mass percent or more of the whole. The same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained by the pet animal gum 20 of the second embodiment.

  In addition, FIG. 14 shows a cross-sectional view of the pet animal gum 20 taken along the WW plane. In FIG. 14, only a part of the string-like member 27 is shown, and the other parts are omitted.

  Here, the relationship a: b between the difference between the outer shape and the inner diameter of the cylindrical body (hereinafter referred to as “thickness a”) and the inner diameter b of the cylindrical body is preferably 1: 1 to 1:20, 1: 2 to 1:10 are more preferable. For example, when the pet is a dog, this range can be adjusted as appropriate according to the type of large dog or small dog.

(3) Third Embodiment FIG. 15 shows a pet animal gum 30 according to a third embodiment.

  The pet animal gum 30 of the third embodiment has a maximum thickness of the string-like member 37 of 1.5 mm or less, and is configured to have a high porosity so that it is difficult to conceive a cylindrical shape. Such a pet animal gum 30 is particularly suitable for small pet animals.

  The pet animal gum 30 of the third embodiment, which is formed so that the maximum thickness of the string-like member 37 is 1.5 mm or less, is used in an aqueous solution in which starch is dissolved in order to increase the overall hardness. A hardened layer may be formed on the surface layer by impregnation.

(4) 4th Embodiment In FIG. 16, the string-like member 72 used for the gum for pets of 4th Embodiment is shown.

  The string-like member knitted to form the pet animal gum may have a spring shape as shown in FIG. 16 instead of the linear shape shown in the first to third embodiments. The string-like member 72 is formed in a spring shape so that the epidermis side or the subcutaneous tissue side of the dermis 6 faces the radially inner side or the radially outer side, and the cut portion 72r faces the axial direction. This spring shape is obtained by winding the cut string-like member around a predetermined rod-like member after providing flexibility with water, glycerin, or the like, and drying it.

  A gum for pet animals may be created by further knitting the string-like member 72 thus obtained.

(5) Fifth Embodiment FIG. 17 shows a pet animal gum 40 according to a fifth embodiment.

  Similar to the pet animal gum 10 of the first embodiment, the pet animal gum 40 of the fifth embodiment has a cylindrical body, and a food material 9 of a predetermined hardness is placed inside. Yes. The food material 9 is not particularly limited, and for example, a preferred material can be appropriately selected according to the type of pet animal. Moreover, since the shape stability of the cylindrical part at the time of chewing can be improved by inserting the foodstuff 9 in the inside of a cylindrical body in this way, the toothpaste effect can also be improved.

  Moreover, in the pet animal gum 40, since the food material 9 having a predetermined hardness is placed inside the cylindrical body, the pet animal gum 40 is not easily crushed when the pet animal is bitten. For this reason, when the teeth T of the pet animal enter the gap P between the string-like members 7, the string-like members 7 are outside the dietary material 9 even if the tips of the teeth T have advanced to the inside of the dietary material 9. Therefore, the string-like member 7 easily reaches the root of the tooth T. Thereby, the tooth brushing effect can be sufficiently obtained.

(6) Other Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, the following embodiments are also included in the embodiments of the present invention.

(6-1)
In the said embodiment, the gum for pet animals which has the knitted part comprised using only one string-like member was mentioned as an example, and was demonstrated.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, another (or different material) string-like member is knitted into a knitted portion formed using only one string-like member. It may be a pet animal gum having a configuration obtained or a configuration obtained by entanglement.

  In this case, the mass percentage of the knitted portion constituted by one string-like member with respect to the entire pet animal gum is preferably 10 mass percent or more, preferably 20 mass percent or more, and preferably 40 mass percent or more. It is more preferable that it is 80 mass percent or more.

(6-2)
In the said embodiment, the case where a cylindrical body was formed by knitting a string-like member was described as an example.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a planar shape may be used instead of a cylindrical body. For example, in FIGS. 10 and 11, it may be a pet animal gum having a planar shape by connecting the portion A to the portion C and connecting the portion B to the portion D.

(6-3)
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the skin of “cow” is used as the animal skin of the material has been described as an example.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one type or a combination of two or more types selected from the group consisting of pigs, horses, deers, kangaroos, ostriches, sheep, goats, and rabbits are used. It may be used.

(6-4)
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the knitted portion is configured by the plain knitting (Plain Stitch) which is a kind of weft knitting (Weft Knitting) has been described as an example.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the method of knitting the string-like member for obtaining the knitted portion is not particularly limited. For example, weft knitting (Weft Knitting) It may be a warp knitting or a combination of a weft knitting and a warp knitting.

  As the weft knitting here, rubber knitting (also called Rib Stitch, rib knitting, collar knitting, rib knit, knitting knitting), pearl knitting (Pearl Stitch, double-head knitting, garter knitting (Garter Stitch)) , Tuck Stitch, Float Stitch (also called Float Stitch, Welt, Sink), Lace (Lace Stitch, Hole, Watermark, Fillet, Needle Loop Transfer) (Also known as Full Cardigan Stitch, Full Cardigan, Polka Rib), Katakana (Half Cardigan Stitch, Half Cardigan), Perelin ( Pelerine Stitch, also known as sinker loop transfer), Eyelet Stitch, Double Sided (Interlock Stitch, Smooth Interlock Knitting, Double Sided Smooth, Interlock, Meridian, Double・(Also called Double Rib), double rubber knitting (Double Rib)), multi-sided double-sided knitting (also known as double jersey, double knitting), double jersey knitting (Double Jersey rubber knitting, Double knit), swing knitting (also called racked stitch, shocking, racking), needle stitching (Broad Stitch), napping (also called plush stitch, pile, plush, velvet), back Hair knitting (also called Fleecy Knitting, Fleecy Stitch, Plush knitting (Plush Stitch)), splicing knitting (also called Plating Stitch), knitting splicing knitting (Embroidery Plating, embroidery, knitting) Includes broidering), Rahben Stitch, Twist (also called Ring Stitch), Argyle Design, and combinations of two or more of these.

  The warp knitting here is also known as Single Denbigh Stitch (also called Denby Stitch, single tricot), Single Vandyke Stitch (single Atlas, Single Atlas, Single Atlas, Bandaik) ), Single Cord Stitch (also known as Single Cord Stitch, Plain Cord), Berlin (English Leather Stitch, English Leather, British Leather), Second Eye (Two Needle) Stitch, double stitch, double knitting), shell knitting (Shell Stitch), double Denby knitting (also known as Double Dembigh Stitch, double Denby knitting, tricot knitting, plain tricot knitting), atlas knitting Atlas Stitch, Double Atlas, Double Bandaiq, Diamonds), Cord (Double Cord Stitch, Double Cord, Bull Bar Code Edition), Half Tricot Edition (Half Tricot Stitch, Half Edition, Charmeuse, Modified Tricot Edition, Rock Knit), Satin Edition (Satin Stitch, Satin Tricot Edition, Modified Tricot Edition) Also called Sharkskin Stitch (also known as change tricot), Queen's Cord Stitch (also known as American Sharkskin), Milanese (Milanese Stitch, 1 × 1 Atlas, 1 ×) 2 Atlas, also known as Satin Milanese), Idle Swing Stitch (also called swing of play), Elastic Stitch (also known as Elastic Stitch), Pile Stitch (Pile Stitch, Plush) Knitting, napping, velvet knitting, tuck knitting (also called pulling knitting), crest knitting (Figured Stitch, pattern knitting) U)), Pineapple Stitch (also known as Pineapple Stitch), Back Hair (Fleecy Knitting, Fleece, Plush, Back Warp), Back Atlas Stitch (Lined Atlas Stitch), Also called lined cord stitch, lace (Lace Work, Open Work, through hole (Lace Stitch), openwork, fillet. ), And combinations of two or more thereof.

(6-5)
In the said embodiment, the case where the unevenness | corrugation was formed in the string-like member 7 as an example was described taking account of the change in how the cutting edge 8 of the cutting blade 8 and the cut surface of the dermis 6 hit each other.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the dermis 6 may be cut so that a concavo-convex shape is not formed to obtain a string-like member.

  Further, for example, the uneven shape may not be generated when the dermis 6 is cut, but the uneven shape may be generated by an arbitrary method such as using a file or pressing.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, when the uneven | corrugated process is given to the surface of at least any one of the epidermis 5 side and the subcutaneous tissue side 4 of the dermis 6 and an uneven | corrugated shape is given to a cut surface like the said embodiment, a string-like member The area of the uneven part can be increased. In addition, when the surface of both the epidermis 5 side and the subcutaneous tissue side 4 of the dermis 6 is processed to be uneven, an uneven shape can be imparted to substantially all of the surface of the string-like member. When a knitted part is formed by knitting using a string-like member having a lot of uneven parts obtained in this way, to obtain a pet animal gum with a further enhanced effect of scraping off tartar and plaque. Can do.

  In addition, in a string-like member, the distinction between the portion where the concavo-convex shape is formed and the portion where the concavo-convex shape is not formed can be distinguished on the basis of the ten-point average roughness in the following cross-sectional curve. The ten-point average roughness is the average of the highest peak height from the highest peak to the fifth highest in the cross-sectional curve (data as measured without any filtering), and the fifth highest peak from the deepest bottom. This is the sum of the average depth. Here, when there are no five peaks in the reference length (cutoff value) or when there are no five valleys, the average value is obtained by dividing by the number of peaks that exist, The average value is obtained by dividing by the number of existing valley bottoms.

  Under the above conditions, the ten-point average roughness in the cross-sectional curve of the portion where the concavo-convex shape is formed in the string-like member is 35 μm or more and 400 μm or less when the reference length (cutoff value) is 25.0 mm. is there. Further, the ten-point average roughness in the cross-sectional curve of the portion where the irregular shape is not formed in the string-like member is 0 μm or more and 30 μm or less when the reference length (cut-off value) is 2.5 mm. Note that the evaluation here will eventually include undulations.

  In addition, in the string-like member, when the relationship between the 10-point average roughness in the cross-sectional curve of the portion where the uneven shape is formed and the portion where the uneven shape is not formed is determined according to each of the above reference lengths The ten-point average roughness of the portion where the uneven shape is formed is preferably 10 times or more the ten-point average roughness of the portion where the uneven shape is not formed.

  In the string-like member, if the distinction between the portion where the concavo-convex shape is formed and the portion where the concavo-convex shape is not formed can be clearly grasped, it can be confirmed with the eyes of those skilled in the art.

  This distinction is also made in the same manner when the hardened layer is formed on the surface of the pet animal gum by casein or starch.

  Further, the average length along the cross-sectional curve of the portion where the concavo-convex shape is formed in the string-like member may be 1200 μm or more and 3000 μm or less when the reference length (cutoff value) is 10.0 mm. Preferably, it is 1300 μm or more and 1800 μm or less. The average length along the cross-sectional curve of the portion where the concavo-convex shape is not formed in the string-like member is preferably 1000 μm or more and 1100 μm or less when the reference length (cutoff value) is 10.0 mm. More preferably, it is 1000 μm or more and 1010 μm or less.

(6-6)
In the said embodiment, the string-like member 7 cut | disconnected so that it might be set to 1.7 mm was mentioned as an example, and was demonstrated.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. The width of the string-like member is, for example, preferably 0.5 mm or more and 15.0 mm or less, more preferably 1.0 mm or more and 10.0 mm or less, and 1.0 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less. Is more preferable.

(6-7)
In the said embodiment, the case where the gum 10 for pets was comprised with the cylindrical body obtained by flat-knitting the string-like member 7 was mentioned as an example, and was demonstrated.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the knitting method is adjusted so that the concavo-convex shape portion of the string-like member 7 faces the inside of the mesh (loop), the string is formed. The uneven portion of the shaped member 7 may be positioned so as to face in the circumferential direction (so as to be positioned not in the radial direction but in the radial direction). In this case, when the teeth enter the mesh, the uneven portion of the string-like member 7 and the tooth surface can be efficiently rubbed together, and the effect of scraping off tartar and plaque can be obtained. Can do.

(6-8)
In the above embodiment, the case where the pet is a dog has been described as an example.

  However, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this, and for example, cats and other animals having teeth may be targeted as pet animals.

(6-9)
In the said embodiment, after obtaining the string-like member 7 by cut | disconnecting the dermis 6, before knitting, the case where the string-like member 7 was immersed in the aqueous solution containing glycerol and ethanol was mentioned as an example, and was demonstrated.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, before cutting the dermis 6, the dermis 6 itself is immersed in an aqueous solution containing glycerin and ethanol, and the softened dermis 6 is cut to form a string. The member 7 may be obtained.

  Further, the time for soaking in an aqueous solution containing glycerin and ethanol is not particularly limited, and even when soaking the string-like member 7 before knitting or when soaking the dermis 6, You may make it soak only for the time of about 20 minutes-60 minutes.

(6-10)
In the said embodiment, after impregnating a cylindrical body to the aqueous solution which melt | dissolved starch, the case where forced drying was mentioned as an example and demonstrated.

  However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be naturally dried at room temperature, for example.

(6-11)
Of course, embodiments obtained by combining the above-described embodiments and other embodiments are also included in the embodiments of the present invention.

  The pet animal gum of the present invention and the method for producing the same are particularly useful in that it has a portion knitted by a single string-like member, so that the effect of brushing the pet animal can be enhanced. .

4 Subcutaneous tissue 5 Epidermis 6 Dermis 7, 27, 37 String member 8 Cutting blade 10, 20, 30 Gum for pet animals

JP-A-9-28312

Claims (20)

Having a knitted portion knitted by a single string-like member obtained from animal skin,
Gum for pet animals. The knitted portion is 10 mass percent or more of the whole,
The gum for pets according to claim 1. An uneven shape is formed on at least a part of the surface of the string-like member,
The gum for pets according to claim 1 or 2. The ten-point average roughness in the cross-sectional curve of the surface on which the uneven shape is formed is 35 μm or more and 400 μm or less when the reference length is 25.0 mm.
The pet animal gum according to claim 3. The knitted portion is formed so as to include a portion whose outer shape is cylindrical.
The gum for pets according to claim 1 or 2. An uneven shape is formed on at least a part of the circumferential surface other than the outside of the cylindrical shape,
The gum for pets according to claim 5. The string-like member is obtained by cutting the animal skin along a spiral path in a thickness direction view,
The gum for pets according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 5. The animal skin is the dermis between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissue,
The pet animal gum according to claim 7. The string-like member is formed with an uneven shape having a rougher surface roughness than both the surface roughness of the surface of the epidermis and the surface of the surface of the subcutaneous tissue of the dermis,
The gum for pets according to claim 8. The concavo-convex shape is formed due to a change in how the cutting edge meets the cut surface of the dermis when cutting the dermis along a spiral path in the thickness direction view,
The gum for pets according to claim 9. At least the surface of the knitted portion is provided with a cured layer,
The gum for pets according to any one of claims 1 to 10. The knitting method of the knitted part is a flat knitting,
The gum for pets according to any one of claims 1 to 11. The animal skin is one or a combination of two or more selected from the group consisting of cows, pigs, horses, deer, kangaroos, ostriches, sheep, goats, and rabbits.
The gum for pets according to any one of claims 1 to 12. Preparing the animal dermis,
Cutting at least one string-like member by cutting the dermis in the thickness direction;
Forming a knitted portion by knitting one of the string-like members;
A method for producing a pet animal chewing gum. The cutting path when cutting the dermis in the thickness direction is spiral when viewed in the thickness direction,
The manufacturing method of the gum for pets of Claim 14. The string-like member is processed so that at least a part of the surface has an uneven shape,
The manufacturing method of the gum for pets of Claim 14 or 15. The concavo-convex shape is formed due to a change in how the cutting edge meets the cut surface of the dermis when cutting the dermis along a spiral path in the thickness direction view,
The manufacturing method of the gum for pets of Claim 16. The surface roughness of the portion processed to have the uneven shape is rougher than both the surface roughness of the surface on the epidermis side and the surface roughness of the surface on the subcutaneous tissue side of the dermis. Have been processed to become,
The manufacturing method of the gum for pets of Claim 16 or 17. The knitted portion is formed so as to include a portion whose outer shape is cylindrical.
The manufacturing method of the gum for pets of any one of Claims 14-18. Further comprising a step of providing a cured layer on at least the surface of the knitted portion,
The manufacturing method of the gum for pets of any one of Claim 14 to 19.

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