JP2013064337A - Blower - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blower which excites adverse wind by selecting the direction of a blower blade for intake mode or exhaust mode to enable easy cleaning, with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: During cleaning, when a potential opposite to that in a normal state is applied to cause excitation so that the side opposite a rotational fan in an electromagnet 41 becomes an S pole, an L-shaped first portion 28 having an N magnetic pole and the electromagnet 41 attract each other, and an L-shaped member 27 rotates in a clockwise fashion. An L-shaped second portion 29 is engaged with a second face 16 of a dog leg member, so that rotation of the L-shaped member 27 is constrained. As a result, the blower blade 20 is set to the exhaust mode. When an engine 2 is driven and a rotation fan 3 rotates forward, adverse wind (exhaust air) is generated and blows off dust, thereby cleaning a heat exchanger unit 5. After the engine is started, wind force generated by the exhaust air always acts on a blade 21 so that the L-shaped member 27 rotates in a clockwise fashion, to maintain an engagement state. Then, excitation of the electromagnet is stopped.

Description

  The present invention relates to a blower device including a rotary fan having a hub portion rotatably supported by a rotary drive shaft and a blower blade provided on the hub portion.

  In construction machines such as hydraulic excavators, excavation work is performed by operating actuators that drive booms, arms, and buckets. A hydraulic pump is driven by an engine as a power source, and hydraulic actuators are pumped to a hydraulic cylinder to operate each actuator. When the engine and hydraulic pump are operated, heat is generated in the engine and hydraulic fluid. Therefore, heat exchangers such as radiators and oil coolers are installed for cooling engine coolant and hot hydraulic oil. When the cooling air (intake air) induced by the rotary fan passes through the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is cooled.

  Such a construction machine often operates in a space where dust is floating around, such as an industrial waste treatment plant or forestry, and the surrounding dust is sucked together with the cooling air, and the dust accumulates on the heat exchanger. A dustproof net is provided on the upstream side of the cooling air in the heat exchanger so as to face the heat exchanger.

  The dust-proof net captures dust in the cooling air, but if dust accumulates on the dust-proof net and becomes clogged, the amount of cooling air is reduced and the cooling performance of the heat exchanger is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently clean the dustproof net to remove clogging. However, space saving of the engine room is generally achieved, and it is not easy to remove and clean the dustproof net.

  Therefore, it can be easily cleaned without removing the dustproof net by exciting the wind (exhaust) in the opposite direction to the normal cooling air and blowing off the dust accumulated on the dustproof net or heat exchanger by this reverse wind. it can. However, the rotary fan rotates when the rotational drive of the engine is transmitted. Generally, the reverse rotation of the rotary fan is not easy because the reverse rotation of the engine is not easy.

  Under such a premise, there is disclosed a conventional technique that excites a back wind to clean a dust-proof net and a heat exchanger.

  The prior art described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a hydraulic pump that drives a rotary fan, and reversely rotates the hydraulic pump to reversely rotate the rotary fan and excite the reverse wind.

  The conventional technology described in Patent Document 2 includes a link mechanism that switches the direction of the air blowing blades to the intake direction and the exhaust direction with respect to the hub portion. When the air blowing blade is switched to the exhaust direction by this link mechanism, the reverse wind can be excited by the forward rotation of the rotary fan.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-068142 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-2692

  In the prior art described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to separately provide a hydraulic pump that drives a rotary fan. In other words, this is not a technique related to a rotating fan that rotates by transmitting rotational driving of the engine.

  The conventional technique described in Patent Document 2 is a technique related to a rotary fan that rotates by transmitting the rotational drive of an engine, but has the following problems.

  First, the link mechanism has a complicated configuration. Furthermore, a partial configuration of the link mechanism is provided in the hub portion of the rotary fan and rotates together with the rotary fan. Since such a complicated link mechanism rotates, it is necessary to add a new configuration (for example, a bearing) that prevents damage due to vibration, and the weight of the rotating fan increases. Since the centrifugal force at the time of rotation increases, it is necessary to maintain the strength of the rotary drive shaft, resulting in an increase in the size of the apparatus.

  In addition, the non-rotating structure and the rotating structure are in contact with each other in the link mechanism, and maintenance of the contact portion (for example, replacement by lubrication or wear) is essential.

  As described above, the conventional technology has a complicated configuration, and particularly has a problem related to maintainability.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a blower that can be easily cleaned by switching a blower blade between an intake direction and an exhaust direction to excite a reverse wind with a simple configuration.

  (1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotating fan having a hub part rotatably supported by a rotary drive shaft, and a blowing blade provided around the hub part, and a blowing blade. A blower device including a blower direction switching mechanism that switches the direction of intake and exhaust directions with respect to a hub portion so as to be rotatable. The blower direction switching mechanism includes a magnet provided in the rotary fan, and the rotary fan. An electromagnet provided at a position opposite to the magnet, and the fan blades are rotated by the magnetic force of the magnet and the electromagnet.

  In the present invention configured as described above, the blower blades are rotated by the magnetic force acting between the magnet and the electromagnet, so that the blower blades are switched in the reverse direction to excite the reverse wind (exhaust), and the dustproof net or heat exchange. The dust accumulated on the vessel can be easily cleaned without blowing off the dustproof net.

  Further, the magnet has a simple configuration, is light in weight, and hardly affects even if it rotates with the rotating fan. On the other hand, the electromagnet does not rotate with the rotating fan. Therefore, sufficient safety can be ensured without increasing the size.

  Further, the magnet and the electromagnet are not in contact with each other, and maintenance of the contact portion does not occur.

  As described above, according to the present invention, with a simple configuration, the air flow can be switched between the intake direction and the exhaust direction to excite the back wind and easily cleaned.

  (2) In said (1), Preferably, the said ventilation direction switching mechanism has a latching means which latches rotation of the said ventilation blade.

  Thereby, rotation of a ventilation blade can be restrained and a ventilation blade can be set to forward direction (intake direction), or a ventilation blade can be set to reverse direction (exhaust direction).

  (3) In the above (1), preferably, the air blowing direction switching mechanism is provided to be continuous with the rotation shaft end portion of the air blowing blade and to rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the air blowing blade. A first locking member, and a second locking member fixed to the hub portion and locking the rotation of the first locking member, wherein the first locking member is unidirectional from the rotation center And a first locking member second portion extending from the center of rotation in a direction different from the one direction, wherein the second locking member includes the first locking member. A second locking member first portion for locking the locking member first portion and a second locking member second portion for locking the first locking member second portion.

  (4) In the above (3), preferably, the first locking member has an L-shape when the first locking member first part and the first locking member second part are substantially orthogonal to each other. The second locking member is formed so that the first portion of the second locking member and the second portion of the second locking member are integrated with each other.

  When the first locking member first part is locked to the second locking member first part, the blower blades can be set in the forward direction (intake direction).

  When the first locking member second part is locked to the second locking member second part, the blower blade can be set in the reverse direction (exhaust direction).

  According to the present invention, with a simple configuration, the air flow can be switched between the intake direction and the exhaust direction to excite the back wind and can be easily cleaned.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows the engine chamber in which an air blower is provided. (First embodiment) It is a schematic perspective view of a rotation fan. It is a schematic perspective view of a hub part. It is sectional drawing of a hub part. It is a schematic perspective view of a ventilation blade. FIG. 5A is a view from one direction, and FIG. 5B is a view from another direction. FIG. 6A is an exploded perspective view showing a mounting structure of the hub portion and the blower blades, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged view thereof. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a locking relationship between a first locking member and a second locking member. It is a top view which shows the direction (intake direction) of the ventilation blade | wing at normal time. It is a perspective view which shows arrangement | positioning of an electromagnet. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a control system for a hydraulic excavator. FIG. It is a flowchart regarding the ventilation direction switching control of a controller. FIG. 12A is a diagram for explaining the normal operation state, and FIG. 12B is a partially enlarged view thereof. FIG. 13A is a diagram for explaining an operation state during cleaning, and FIG. 13B is a partially enlarged view thereof. FIG. 14A is a diagram for explaining the normal operation state, and FIG. 14B is a partially enlarged view thereof. (Second Embodiment) FIG. 15A is a diagram for explaining an operation state during cleaning, and FIG. 15B is a partially enlarged view thereof. It is a flowchart regarding the ventilation direction switching control of a controller. (Third embodiment) FIG. 17A is a diagram for explaining the normal operation state, and FIG. 17B is a partially enlarged view thereof. FIG. 18A is a diagram for explaining an operation state during cleaning, and FIG. 18B is a partially enlarged view thereof. It is a figure explaining the latching state at the normal time. (Fourth embodiment) It is a figure explaining the latching state at the time of cleaning. It is a figure explaining the latching state at the normal time. (Fifth embodiment) It is a figure explaining the latching state at the time of cleaning.

<First Embodiment>
~Constitution~
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an engine room 1 in which a blower according to a first embodiment of the present invention is provided. The engine chamber 1 is covered with a cover (not shown) on the outside, and an opening for taking in cooling air is formed in the cover. In the engine chamber 1, a heat exchanger unit 5, a shroud 4 provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger unit 5, and a rotary fan 3 for inducing cooling air for cooling the heat exchanger unit 5 are provided. ing.

  The heat exchanger unit 5 is configured by arranging heat exchangers such as a radiator, an oil cooler, and an intercooler in parallel, and a dustproof net (not shown) is provided on the upstream side of the cooling air.

  The engine 2 is supported in the engine chamber 1 via an engine mount. The hydraulic pump 61 (see FIG. 10) is attached to the drive shaft on the flywheel side of the engine 2. The rotary fan 3 is attached to a drive shaft opposite to the hydraulic pump, and is driven by the engine 2 to induce cooling air.

  The rotary fan 3 is a so-called axial fan and is attached to the auxiliary rotary shaft 34. A fan pulley 32 is fixed to the auxiliary rotating shaft 34 so as to be at a position corresponding to the crank pulley 31 of the engine crankshaft 35. A fan belt 33 is stretched between the crank pulley 31 and the fan pulley 32. The driving force from the engine crankshaft 35 is transmitted to the auxiliary rotating shaft 34, the rotating fan 3 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the auxiliary rotating shaft 34, and the blower is negative pressure between the rotating fan 3 and the heat exchanger unit 5. Is generated and cooling air is induced.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the rotary fan. The rotary fan 3 includes a hub portion 10 fixed to the auxiliary rotary shaft 34 and a plurality of air blowing blades 20 provided around the hub portion 10.

  The blower blade 20 is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the hub portion 10, and has a configuration in which the direction can be switched between the intake direction and the exhaust direction (described later).

  FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the hub portion 10, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the hub portion 10. The hub part 10 has a cylindrical fan ring 11 and a plate 12 fixed integrally inside the fan ring. When the plate 12 is bolted to the auxiliary rotating shaft 34, the rotating fan 3 rotates with the rotation of the auxiliary rotating shaft 34. On the outer periphery of the fan ring 11, a hole 13 corresponding to the rotation axis of the blower blade 20 is provided. A plate 17 is fixed to the surface of the plate 12 by bolting. On the surface of the plate 17, a “<”-shaped member 14 (second locking member) is provided at a position corresponding to each hole 13. The "<"-shaped member 14 is a plate having an obtuse angle portion, and has a first surface 15 and a second surface 16 integrally on the front and back. The "<"-shaped member 14 is provided vertically with respect to the plate 17 and forms a predetermined angle with respect to the plate 17 before the obtuse angle portion. The back surface facing the plate 17 is the second surface 16, and the open surface is the first surface 15.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the blower blade 20. FIG. 5A is a view from one direction, and FIG. 5B is a view from another direction. The blower blade 20 has a blade 21 and mounting plates 22 and 23 which are bolted so as to sandwich the blade 21 and are provided on both surfaces of the blade 21. A boss 24 is integrally fixed to the mounting plate 22.

  6A is an exploded perspective view showing a mounting structure of the hub portion 10 and the blower blades 20, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged view thereof. The shaft 25 (rotating shaft) passes through the hole 13 and the boss 24 via the boss 26 and is tightened with a nut. Thereby, the blower blade 20 is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the hub portion 10.

  In addition, a clearance of about 0.1 to 0.2 mm is provided so that the blade 21 of the blower blade 20 and the fan ring 11 of the hub portion 10 do not interfere during rotation.

  An L-shaped member 27 (first locking member) is provided at the hub side end of the shaft 25 as a continuous integral with the shaft 25.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a locking relationship between the L-shaped member 27 (first locking member) and the “<” shape member 14 (second locking member). The L-shaped member 27 has an L-shaped first portion 28 and an L-shaped second portion 29 that is substantially orthogonal to the L-shaped first portion 28, and includes an L-shaped first portion 28 and an L-shaped second portion 29. In the L-shaped angle part 30 which is an intersection, it continues with the shaft 25. As a result, the L-shaped member 27 can rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the blower blade 20 around the L-shaped angle portion 30 with the shaft 25 as the rotation axis. In other words, the blowing blade 20 is rotated by the rotation of the L-shaped member 27.

  FIG. 7 shows a normal locking relationship. The L-shaped first portion 28 is locked to the first surface 15 of the “<” shape member 14, and the L-shaped member 27 is restrained from turning counterclockwise in the drawing. On the other hand, at the time of cleaning, the L-shaped second portion 29 is locked to the second surface 16 of the “<” shape member 14, and the L-shaped member 27 is restrained from turning clockwise (described later).

  FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the direction (intake direction) of the blower blade 20 in a normal state. In the locking relationship shown in FIG. 7, the blade 21 and the L-shaped member 27 are connected via a shaft 25 so that the direction of the air blowing blade is θ = 60 ° with respect to the fan rotation axis.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the electromagnet 41. The electromagnet 41 is fixed to the shroud 4 via two mounting shafts 42 arranged in a cross shape, and is disposed at a position facing the hub portion 10 of the rotary fan 3. Two electromagnet harnesses 43 and 44 are connected to the electromagnet 41. When the electric power from the power source 45 (see FIG. 10) is supplied via the harnesses 43 and 44, the electromagnet 41 is excited.

  In the present embodiment, the L-shaped member 27 (first locking member) is a magnet. For example, the L-shaped first portion 28 has an N-pole magnetic pole, and the L-shaped second portion 29 has an S-pole magnetic pole. Accordingly, when the electromagnet 41 is excited and the side facing the rotating fan becomes the N pole, the L-shaped first portion 28 repels the electromagnet 41, and when the electromagnet 41 facing the rotating fan becomes the S pole, the L-shaped first portion 28 becomes It attracts with the electromagnet 41.

  FIG. 10 is an overall configuration diagram of a control system for a hydraulic excavator on which the blower of the present embodiment is mounted. The hydraulic excavator is equipped with a diesel engine 2. The engine 2 includes an electronic governor 51 that is an electronic fuel injection control device. The target rotational speed of the engine 2 is commanded by the engine control dial 52, and the actual rotational speed of the engine 2 is detected by the rotational speed detection device 53. The command signal of the engine control dial 52 and the detection signal of the rotational speed detection device 53 are input to the controller 50, and the controller 50 controls the electronic governor 51 based on the command signal (target rotational speed) and the detection signal (actual rotational speed). To control the rotational speed and torque of the engine 2 (engine control system).

  Further, a key switch 55 is provided as a start / stop command device for the engine 2, and a command signal of the key switch 55 is also input to the controller 50, and the controller 50 controls the start and stop of the engine 2 based on the command signal. That is, when the key switch 55 is operated to the ON position for instructing engine start and the command signal instructs to start the engine 2, the starter (not shown) and the electronic governor 51 are driven to start the engine 2. To do. Further, when the key switch 55 is operated to the OFF position for instructing engine stop and the command signal instructs to stop the engine 2, the driving of the electronic governor 51 is stopped and the engine 2 is stopped.

  The hydraulic excavator further includes a hydraulic drive system, an operation pilot system, and a display system.

  The hydraulic drive system includes a hydraulic pump 61, a control valve 62, and a hydraulic actuator 63. The hydraulic pump 61 is driven to rotate by the engine 2 and discharges pressure oil. The control valve 62 controls the direction and flow rate of the pressure oil and supplies the pressure oil to the hydraulic actuator 63. As a result, the hydraulic actuator 63 is driven. In FIG. 10, only one control valve 62 and one hydraulic actuator 63 are shown for simplicity, but the hydraulic drive system includes a plurality of hydraulic actuators (for example, arm cylinders and swing motors) and a plurality of control valves corresponding thereto. have.

  The hydraulic pump 61 tilts the hydraulic pump 61 so that the absorption torque (consumption torque) of the hydraulic pump 61 does not exceed a maximum absorption torque that is a predetermined value based on the discharge pressure (the amount of tilt of the swash plate; It has a regulator 64 for controlling the displacement or capacity).

  The hydraulic excavator rotates a hydraulic pump 61 by the engine 2 and drives a hydraulic actuator 63 such as an arm cylinder by pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 61 to perform necessary work such as excavation.

  The operation pilot system includes a pilot pump 66 and an operation device 67. The pilot pump 66 is driven to rotate by the engine 2 to generate a pilot primary pressure. The operation device 67 generates pilot operation pressures PL1 and PL2 based on the operation direction and operation amount. The pilot operating pressures PL1 and PL2 are applied to the control valve 62, whereby the control valve 62 is switched.

  The operating pilot system further has a shut-off valve 68. The shutoff valve 68 has a solenoid, and when the solenoid is excited, the operation pilot line is communicated to enable operation, and when the excitation is released, the operation pilot line is shut off and disabled.

  The display system appropriately sends information on each control system as a display signal to the monitor device 56 and displays the information on the monitor display unit 57. Further, the display system inputs an operator command to the controller 50 via the monitor operation unit 58, and functions as a GUI (graphic user interface).

  In the present embodiment, the cleaning mode changeover switch 59 includes a setting screen displayed on the monitor display unit 57 and a monitor operation unit 58. When the operator operates the monitor operation unit 58 while looking at the setting screen displayed on the monitor display unit 57, the cleaning mode changeover switch 59 is switched ON / OFF.

  The cleaning mode changeover switch 59 may be a button type switch provided separately in the cabin of the excavator.

  Each system is controlled by the controller 50. The air flow direction switching control of the air blower is also performed by the controller 50. That is, the controller 50 controls the excitation direction and the excitation amount of the electromagnet 41 via the power supply 45.

  FIG. 11 is a flowchart relating to the blowing direction switching control of the controller 50. Details will be described together with the air flow direction switching operation.

~ Operation ~
First, the operation of the blower during normal operation will be described. At the start of work, the operator turns on the power with the key switch 55. Further, when the key switch 55 is turned on (S1), the controller 50 issues an engine start instruction. On the other hand, at the normal time, the cleaning mode selector switch 59 is set to OFF in advance, and the controller 50 controls the normal mode (S2).

  FIG. 12A is a diagram for explaining the normal operation state, and FIG. 12B is a partially enlarged view thereof. When the electromagnet 41 is energized so that the opposite side of the rotating fan becomes the N pole (S3), the L-shaped first portion 28 having the N-pole magnetic pole is repelled and the L-shaped member 27 is rotated counterclockwise in the drawing. . The L-shaped first portion 28 is locked to the first surface 15 of the “K” -shaped member, and the L-shaped member 27 is restrained from rotating. As a result, the blower blades 20 are set in the forward direction (intake direction).

  On the other hand, the engine 2 is driven by the engine start instruction from the controller 50 (S4), and the rotary fan 3 rotates forward. Thereby, cooling air (intake air) is generated to cool the heat exchanger unit 5.

  By the way, during rotation of the rotating fan 3, as a result of wind force acting on the blades 21 acting on the blades 21, a force that rotates the L-shaped member 27 counterclockwise is always applied. For this reason, even if the excitation of the electromagnet 41 is stopped (S5), the locked state between the L-shaped member 27 and the "<"-shaped member 14 is maintained. The power consumption can be reduced by stopping the excitation of the electromagnet after the engine is started.

  During the operation by the hydraulic excavator, the rotary fan 3 is continuously driven to cool the heat exchanger unit 5.

  At the end of the work, when the operator turns off the key switch 55 (S6), the controller 50 issues an engine stop instruction. As the engine 2 stops, the rotary fan 3 also stops.

  Next, the operation of the blower during cleaning will be described. A hydraulic excavator often operates in a space where dust is floating, sucks ambient dust together with cooling air, and accumulates dust on a heat exchanger and a dust-proof net. When excavator maintenance is performed, it is necessary to clean the heat exchanger and dust net.

  The operator turns on the power using the key switch 55 and sets the cleaning mode switch 59 to ON beforehand. Further, the outer cover of the engine compartment 1 is removed so that it can be easily cleaned.

  After the cleaning preparation is completed, when the operator turns on the key switch 55 (S1), the controller 50 issues an engine start instruction. On the other hand, the cleaning mode selector switch 59 is set to ON, and the controller 50 controls the cleaning mode (S2).

  FIG. 13A is a diagram for explaining an operation state during cleaning, and FIG. 13B is a partially enlarged view thereof. The controller 50 controls the power supply 45 so as to apply a potential opposite to that in the normal state. When the electromagnet 41 is excited so that the opposite side of the rotating fan becomes the S pole (S11), the L-shaped first portion 28 having the N-pole magnetic pole is attracted to the electromagnet 41, and the L-shaped member 27 is rotated clockwise in the figure. Rotate. The L-shaped second portion 29 is locked to the “K” -shaped member second surface 16, and the L-shaped member 27 is restrained from rotating. As a result, the blowing blade 20 is set in the reverse direction (exhaust direction).

  Further, in consideration of safety, the controller 50 switches the engine speed from the target speed indicated by the engine control dial 52 to a lower idle speed (S12). Further, the solenoid of the shutoff valve 68 is de-energized to make the hydraulic excavator inoperable.

  On the other hand, the engine 2 is driven by the engine start instruction from the controller 50 (S4), and the rotary fan 3 rotates forward. Thereby, a reverse wind (exhaust) is generated and the heat exchanger unit 5 is cleaned by blowing off the dust.

  After the engine is started, the wind force from the exhaust always acts on the blade 21 so that the L-shaped member 27 rotates clockwise in the figure, and the locked state is maintained. Thereafter, the controller 50 stops the excitation of the electromagnet (S5).

  When the operator turns off the key switch 55 at the end of cleaning (S6), the controller 50 issues an engine stop instruction. As the engine 2 stops, the rotary fan 3 also stops. The operator sets the cleaning mode switch 59 to OFF before turning off the power. Thereby, at the time of the next operation, the controller 50 controls the normal mode.

~effect~
The effect of this embodiment will be described.

  By switching the blower blades 20 in the opposite direction, exciting the reverse wind (exhaust), and blowing off the dust accumulated on the dustproof net or heat exchanger, the dustproof net can be easily cleaned.

  By the way, also in a prior art, it can clean easily by a link mechanism switching a ventilation blade to reverse direction, and the effect similar to this embodiment is acquired. However, the link mechanism in the prior art has a complicated configuration, and particularly has a problem related to maintainability.

  That is, a partial configuration of the link mechanism is provided in the hub portion of the rotary fan and rotates together with the rotary fan. Since such a complicated link mechanism rotates, it is necessary to add a new configuration (for example, a bearing) that prevents damage due to vibration, and the weight of the rotating fan increases. Since the centrifugal force at the time of rotation increases, it is necessary to maintain the strength of the rotary drive shaft, resulting in an increase in the size of the apparatus.

  In addition, the non-rotating structure and the rotating structure are in contact with each other in the link mechanism, and maintenance of the contact portion (for example, replacement by lubrication or wear) is essential.

  In the present embodiment, the blower blade 20 is rotated by the magnetic force acting between the L-shaped member 27 that is a magnet and the electromagnet 41.

  The L-shaped member 27 has a simple configuration, is light in weight, and has little influence even when rotated with the rotating fan 3. On the other hand, the electromagnet 41 is fixed to the shroud 4 and does not rotate with the rotating fan 3. Therefore, sufficient safety can be ensured without increasing the size.

  Further, the L-shaped member 27 and the electromagnet 41 are not in contact with each other, and the maintenance of the contact portion as in the prior art does not occur.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the air blowing blades can be switched between the intake direction and the exhaust direction with a simple configuration.

Second Embodiment
~Constitution~
In the first embodiment, the L-shaped member 27 (first locking member) is a magnet, but other configurations may be used as long as the blower blade 20 can be rotated by the action of magnetic force.

  For example, the mounting plate 22 on the side facing the electromagnet 41 may be a magnet. The mounting plate 22 is magnetically divided with the rotation axis as a boundary, one having an S pole and the other having an N pole. The flow relating to the blowing direction switching control of the controller 50 may be the same as that in FIG.

~ Operation ~
First, the operation of the blower during normal operation will be described. At the start of work, when the operator turns on the key switch 55 (S1), the controller 50 issues an engine start instruction. On the other hand, at the normal time, the cleaning mode changeover switch 59 is set to OFF, and the controller 50 controls the normal mode (S2).

  FIG. 14A is a diagram for explaining the normal operation state, and FIG. 14B is a partially enlarged view thereof. When the electromagnet 41 is excited so that the opposite side of the rotating fan becomes N pole (S3), the S pole side of the mounting plate 22 is attracted to the N pole of the electromagnet 41, and the N pole side of the mounting plate 22 is N of the electromagnet 41. Repulsive to the pole, the L-shaped member 27 rotates counterclockwise in the figure. The L-shaped first portion 28 is locked to the first surface 15 of the “K” -shaped member, and the L-shaped member 27 is restrained from rotating. As a result, the blower blades 20 are set in the forward direction (intake direction).

  On the other hand, the engine 2 is driven by the engine start instruction from the controller 50 (S4), and the rotary fan 3 rotates forward. Thereby, cooling air (intake air) is generated to cool the heat exchanger unit 5.

  After the engine is started, the wind force by the intake air always acts on the blade 21 so that the L-shaped member 27 rotates counterclockwise in the figure, and the locked state is maintained. Thereafter, the controller 50 stops the excitation of the electromagnet (S5).

  At the end of the work, when the operator turns off the key switch 55 (S6), the controller 50 issues an engine stop instruction. As the engine 2 stops, the rotary fan 3 also stops.

  Next, the operation of the blower during cleaning will be described. The operator sets the cleaning mode switch 59 to ON beforehand. Further, the outer cover of the engine compartment 1 is removed so that it can be easily cleaned.

  After the cleaning preparation is completed, when the operator turns on the key switch 55 (S1), the controller 50 issues an engine start instruction. On the other hand, the cleaning mode selector switch 59 is set to ON, and the controller 50 controls the cleaning mode (S2).

  FIG. 15A is a diagram for explaining an operation state during cleaning, and FIG. 15B is a partially enlarged view thereof. The controller 50 controls the power supply 45 so as to apply a potential opposite to that in the normal state. When the rotating fan facing side of the electromagnet 41 is excited so as to be the S pole (S11), the N pole side of the mounting plate 22 is attracted to the S pole of the electromagnet 41, and the S pole side of the mounting plate 22 is the S pole of the electromagnet 41. Repulsive to the pole, the L-shaped member 27 rotates clockwise in the figure. The L-shaped second portion 29 is locked to the “K” -shaped member second surface 16, and the L-shaped member 27 is restrained from rotating. As a result, the blowing blade 20 is set in the reverse direction (exhaust direction).

  Further, in consideration of safety, the controller 50 switches the engine speed from the target speed indicated by the engine control dial 52 to a lower idle speed (S12). Furthermore, the solenoid of the shutoff valve 68 is de-energized to make the hydraulic excavator inoperable.

  On the other hand, the engine 2 is driven by the engine start instruction from the controller 50 (S4), and the rotary fan 3 rotates forward. Thereby, a reverse wind (exhaust) is generated and the heat exchanger unit 5 is cleaned by blowing off the dust.

  After the engine is started, the wind force from the exhaust always acts on the blade 21 so that the L-shaped member 27 rotates clockwise in the figure, and the locked state is maintained. Thereafter, the controller 50 stops the excitation of the electromagnet (S5).

  When the operator turns off the key switch 55 at the end of cleaning (S6), the controller 50 issues an engine stop instruction. As the engine 2 stops, the rotary fan 3 also stops. The operator sets the cleaning mode switch 59 to OFF. Thereby, at the time of the next operation, the controller 50 controls the normal mode.

~effect~
Similarly to the first embodiment, this embodiment also rotates the blower blade 20 by the magnetic force acting between the mounting plate 22 and the electromagnet 41, which is a simple configuration, light weight, and non-contact. The features are common and the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

<Third Embodiment>
~Constitution~
As described in the second embodiment, other configurations may be used as long as the blower blades 20 can be rotated by the action of magnetic force.

  For example, the “<” shape member 14 (second locking member) may be a magnet. As long as the tip including the first surface 15 of the “<” is magnetized, it may be N-pole or S-pole. On the other hand, the material of the L-shaped first portion 28 is iron. The material of the L-shaped second portion 29 is preferably other than iron.

  FIG. 16 is a flowchart relating to the blowing direction switching control of the controller 50 in the present embodiment. Whereas the first and second embodiments are switching the blowing direction by switching the excitation direction, the present embodiment is characterized by switching the blowing direction by switching the excitation ON / OFF. Details will be described together with the air flow direction switching operation.

~ Operation ~
First, the operation of the blower during normal operation will be described. At the start of work, when the operator turns on the key switch 55 (S1), the controller 50 issues an engine start instruction. On the other hand, at the normal time, the cleaning mode changeover switch 59 is set to OFF, and the controller 50 controls the normal mode (S2).

  FIG. 17A is a diagram for explaining the normal operation state, and FIG. 17B is a partially enlarged view thereof. In the normal mode, the electromagnet 41 is not excited (excitation OFF). Only the magnetic force of the “<” shaped member 14 (second locking member) acts, and attracts the L-shaped first portion 28 that is iron. As a result, the L-shaped first part 28 is locked to the first surface 15 of the “<” shape member, and the blower blade 20 is set in the forward direction (intake direction).

  The L-shaped second portion 29 that is not iron is not attracted to the magnetic force of the “<” shape member 14.

  On the other hand, the engine 2 is driven by the engine start instruction from the controller 50 (S4), and the rotary fan 3 rotates forward. Thereby, cooling air (intake air) is generated to cool the heat exchanger unit 5.

  At the end of the work, when the operator turns off the key switch 55 (S6), the controller 50 issues an engine stop instruction. As the engine 2 stops, the rotary fan 3 also stops.

  Next, the operation of the blower during cleaning will be described. The operator sets the cleaning mode switch 59 to ON beforehand. Further, the outer cover of the engine compartment 1 is removed so that it can be easily cleaned.

  After the cleaning preparation is completed, when the operator turns on the key switch 55 (S1), the controller 50 issues an engine start instruction. On the other hand, the cleaning mode selector switch 59 is set to ON, and the controller 50 controls the cleaning mode (S2).

  FIG. 18A is a diagram for explaining an operation state during cleaning, and FIG. 18B is a partially enlarged view thereof. The controller 50 sets the excitation amount (the magnetic pole may be either) via the power supply 45 so that the magnetic force of the electromagnet 41 exceeds the magnetic force of the “<” shape member 14. When the electromagnet 41 is excited (S11), the magnetic force of the electromagnet 41 exceeds the magnetic force of the "<"-shaped member 14 and attracts the L-shaped first portion 28 that is iron. The L-shaped member 27 rotates clockwise in the drawing. The L-shaped second portion 29 is locked to the “K” -shaped member second surface 16, and the L-shaped member 27 is restrained from rotating. As a result, the blowing blade 20 is set in the reverse direction (exhaust direction).

  Further, in consideration of safety, the controller 50 switches the engine speed from the target speed indicated by the engine control dial 52 to a lower idle speed (S12). Furthermore, the solenoid of the shutoff valve 68 is de-energized to make the hydraulic excavator inoperable.

  On the other hand, according to the engine start instruction from the controller 50, the engine 2 is driven (S13), and the rotary fan 3 rotates forward. Thereby, a reverse wind (exhaust) is generated and the heat exchanger unit 5 is cleaned by blowing off the dust.

  After the engine is started, the wind force from the exhaust always acts on the blade 21 so that the L-shaped member 27 rotates clockwise in the figure, and the locked state is maintained. Thereafter, the controller 30 stops the excitation of the electromagnet (S14).

  When the operator turns off the key switch 55 at the end of cleaning (S6), the controller 50 issues an engine stop instruction. As the engine 2 stops, the rotary fan 3 also stops. The operator sets the cleaning mode switch 59 to OFF. Thereby, at the time of the next operation, the controller 50 controls the normal mode.

~effect~
In the present embodiment, the normal locking state is maintained by the magnetic force of the “<” shaped member 14 (second locking member) that is a magnet, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet 41 is “<” shaped during cleaning. By exceeding the magnetic force of 14, the blower blade 20 is rotated, and features such as a simple configuration, light weight, and non-contact are common, and the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained.

<Fourth embodiment>
~Constitution~
This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the L-shaped member 27 (first locking member) and the “K” -shaped member 14 (second locking member) are used as locking means. Other configurations may be used.

  For example, the first locking member is replaced by the locking member 71 instead of the L-shaped member 27, and the second locking member is replaced by the “L” -shaped member 14 and the Y-shaped member 74. The locking plate 71 has a locking plate first surface 72 and a locking plate second surface 73, and the Y-shaped member 74 has a Y-shaped member first portion 75 and a Y-shaped member second portion 76. The configuration related to rotation by magnetic force is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the details are omitted. The flow relating to the blowing direction switching control of the controller 50 may be the same as that in FIG.

~ Operation ~
FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a normal locking state. When the electromagnet 41 is excited so that the opposite side of the rotating fan becomes N pole (S3), the S pole side of the mounting plate 22 is attracted to the N pole of the electromagnet 41, and the N pole side of the mounting plate 22 is N of the electromagnet 41. Repulsive to the pole, the locking plate 71 rotates counterclockwise in the figure. Then, the locking plate first surface 72 is locked to the Y-shaped member first portion 75, and the locking plate 71 is restrained from rotating. As a result, the blower blades 20 are set in the forward direction (intake direction).

  FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a locked state during cleaning. The controller 50 controls the power supply 45 so as to apply a potential opposite to that in the normal state. When the rotating fan facing side of the electromagnet 41 is excited so as to be the S pole (S11), the N pole side of the mounting plate 22 is attracted to the S pole of the electromagnet 41, and the S pole side of the mounting plate 22 is the S pole of the electromagnet 41. Repulsive to the pole, the locking plate 71 rotates clockwise in the figure. And the latching plate 2nd surface 73 is latched by the Y-shaped member 2nd part 76, and the latching plate 71 is restrained rotation. As a result, the blowing blade 20 is set in the reverse direction (exhaust direction).

~effect~
In the present embodiment, similarly to the second embodiment, the blower blade 20 is rotated by the magnetic force acting between the mounting plate 22 and the electromagnet 41 which are magnets, and the same effect as the second embodiment is obtained. can get.

<Fifth Embodiment>
~Constitution~
This embodiment is a modification of the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the L-shaped member 27 (first locking member) and the “K” -shaped member 14 (second locking member) are used as locking means. Other configurations may be used.

  For example, the first locking member is replaced by the T-shaped member 81 instead of the L-shaped member 27, and the second locking member is replaced by the “K” -shaped member 14 and the “G” -shaped member 85. The T-shaped member 81 has a T-shaped member first surface 82, a T-shaped member second surface 83, and a T-shaped bar portion 84, and the “t” -shaped member 85 is a “t” -shaped member first portion 86 and “ It has a second member 87 of a character member. The material of the T-shaped member 81 is iron. In the “G” -shaped member 85, the “G” -shaped member first part 86 is a magnet, but the “G” -shaped member second part 87 is not a magnet. The configuration related to rotation by magnetic force is the same as that of the third embodiment, and details thereof are omitted. The flow relating to the blowing direction switching control of the controller 50 may be the same as that in FIG.

~ Operation ~
FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining a normal locking state. In the normal mode, the electromagnet 41 is not excited (excitation OFF). Only the magnetic force of the first portion 86 of the “G” -shaped member 85 (second locking member) acts to attract the T-shaped member 81 made of iron. As a result, the T-shaped member first surface 82 is locked to the “G” -shaped member first portion 86, and the blower blade 20 is set in the forward direction (intake direction).

  The T-shaped member 81 is not attracted to the “G” -shaped member second portion 87 that is not a magnet.

  FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining a locked state during cleaning. The controller 50 sets the excitation amount (the magnetic pole may be either) via the power supply 45 so that the magnetic force of the electromagnet 41 exceeds the magnetic force of the “G” -shaped member first portion 86. When the electromagnet 41 is excited (S11), the magnetic force of the electromagnet 41 exceeds the magnetic force of the first member 86 of the “g”, and attracts the T-shaped member 81 (particularly the T-shaped bar portion 84) that is iron. The T-shaped member 81 rotates clockwise in the drawing. The T-shaped member second surface 83 is locked to the “G” -shaped member second portion 87, and the T-shaped member 81 is restrained from rotating. As a result, the blowing blade 20 is set in the reverse direction (exhaust direction).

~effect~
Similarly to the third embodiment, this embodiment also maintains the normal locking state by the magnetic force of the first portion 86 of the “g” -shaped member 85 (second locking member) that is a magnet, and performs cleaning. Sometimes, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 41 exceeds the magnetic force of the “G” -shaped member first portion 86 to rotate the blower blade 20, and the same effect as in the third embodiment can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine chamber 2 Engine 3 Rotating fan 4 Shroud 5 Heat exchanger unit 10 Hub part 11 Fan ring 12 Plate 13 Hole 14 "<" shape member (2nd locking member)
15 “C” -shaped member first surface 16 “C” -shaped member second surface 17 Plate 20 Blower blade 21 Blade 22, 23 Mounting plate 24 Boss 25 Shaft 26 Boss 27 L-shaped member (first locking member)
28 L-shaped first part 29 L-shaped second part 30 L-shaped angle part 31 Crank pulley
32 fan pulley
33 Fan Belt
34 Auxiliary rotating shaft 35 Engine crankshaft 41 Electromagnet 42 Mounting shaft 43, 44 Harness 45 Power supply 50 Controller 51 Electronic governor 52 Engine control dial 53 Speed detector 55 Key switch 56 Monitor device 57 Monitor display section 58 Monitor operation section 59 Cleaning mode Changeover switch 61 Hydraulic pump 62 Control valve 63 Hydraulic actuator 64 Regulator 66 Pilot pump 67 Operating device 68 Shut-off valve 71 Locking plate 72 Locking plate first surface 73 Locking plate second surface 74 Y-shaped member 75 Y-shaped member first Part 76 Y-shaped member second part 81 T-shaped member 82 T-shaped member first surface 83 T-shaped member second surface 84 T-shaped bar portion 85 “G” shaped member 86 “G” shaped member first part 87 “ G-shaped part 2

Claims (4)

A rotary fan having a hub part rotatably supported by a rotary drive shaft, and air blowing blades provided around the hub part;
In a blower device including a blower direction switching mechanism that switches the direction of a blower blade to an intake direction and an exhaust direction so as to be rotatable with respect to the hub part.
The blowing direction switching mechanism is
A magnet provided on the rotating fan;
An electromagnet provided at a position facing the rotating fan,
The air blower characterized in that the air blowing blade is rotated by the action of the magnetic force of the magnet and the electromagnet. The blower device according to claim 1,
The blowing direction switching mechanism is
A blower characterized by having a locking means for locking the rotation of the blower blade. The blower device according to claim 1,
The blowing direction switching mechanism is
A first locking member that is continuous with the rotation shaft end portion of the blower blade and is provided to rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the blower blade, and the first locking member that is fixed to the hub portion. A second locking member for locking the rotation of
The first locking member has a first locking member first portion extending in one direction from the rotation center and a first locking member second portion extending from the rotation center in a direction different from the one direction. And
The second locking member includes a second locking member first part for locking the first locking member first part and a second locking member second for locking the first locking member second part. The air blower characterized by having a part. The blower according to claim 3, wherein
The first locking member has an L-shape when the first locking member first part and the first locking member second part are substantially orthogonal, and rotates around an L-shaped angle part,
In the second locking member, the second locking member first part and the second locking member second part are formed integrally with each other.

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