JP2013059148A - Power generator, electrical apparatus, and portable clock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generator, electrical apparatus, and portable clock, having excellent generation efficiency.SOLUTION: A power generator comprises a first electrode member 11 that functions as an electrode, and a second electrode member 13 that is disposed to oppose to the first electrode member 11 and has an electret film 12. At least one of the first electrode member 11 and the second electrode member 13 is structured to be elastically deformable. By relatively moving the first electrode member 11 and the second electrode member 13 along the opposing surface, an overlapping area between the first electrode member 11 and the electret film 12 of the second electrode member 13 changes.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation device, an electric device, and a portable timepiece.

A power generation device using electrostatic induction by an electret material has been proposed.
Patent Document 1 proposes a power generation device in which a stationary substrate 1 having a plurality of electret electrodes 2 on its surface and a movable substrate 4 having a plurality of movable electrodes 5 on its surface are arranged apart from each other. The movable electrode 5 and the movable substrate 4 are connected to fixed structures 3a and 3b provided on the non-movable substrate 1 through elastic members such as spring drivers 6a and 6b. When external vibration is applied to the power generation apparatus 70 from the outside, the movable substrate 4 moves, and the overlapping area of the electret electrode 2 and the movable electrode 5 increases or decreases from the initial area. Due to the change in the overlapping area, a change in charge occurs in the movable electrode 5. The power generation device 70 generates power by taking out the change in the electric charge as electric energy.

Japanese Patent No. 4229970

However, in the power generation device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the movable substrate 4 moves horizontally in a limited space, and thus the moving distance of the movable substrate 4 with respect to the non-movable substrate 1 is limited. Therefore, the amount of change in the overlapping area between the electret electrode 2 and the movable electrode 5 becomes limited, and there is a limit to the improvement of power generation efficiency.
On the other hand, in order to improve the power generation efficiency, it is desirable to use environmental vibration as the external vibration for exciting the power generation device. However, since the environmental vibration is dominated by low frequency vibration, it is necessary to reduce the resonance frequency of the movable substrate 4. In order to reduce the resonance frequency, it is necessary to reduce the spring constant of the movable substrate 4.

As means for reducing the spring constant, it is conceivable to make the spring drivers 6a and 6b thin or long.
However, it is difficult to thin the spring drive bodies 6a and 6b because it leads to a decrease in strength. Moreover, since the spring drive bodies 6a and 6b are provided in a narrow gap between the movable substrate 4 and the fixed structures 3a and 3b, it is possible to secure a space for making the spring drive bodies 6a and 6b longer at present. It is difficult and entails an increase in the size of the power generator itself in order to ensure space.
Thus, since it is difficult to reduce the spring constants of the spring drive bodies 6a and 6b, environmental vibration cannot be efficiently used as external vibration, and there is a limit to improvement in power generation efficiency.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a power generation device, an electric apparatus, and a portable timepiece that are excellent in power generation efficiency.

  In order to solve the above problems, a power generation device according to the present invention includes a first electrode member that functions as an electrode, and a second electrode member that is disposed to face the first electrode member and has a charge holding portion, Of the first electrode member and the second electrode member, at least one of the electrode members is configured to be elastically deformable, and the first electrode member and the second electrode member relatively move along the opposing surface. Thus, an overlapping area between the first electrode member and the charge holding portion of the second electrode member changes.

According to this configuration, when one electrode member is elastically deformed and the first electrode member and the second electrode member relatively move along the opposing surface, the overlapping area of the charge holding portion and the first electrode member As a result, the charge of the first electrode member increases or decreases. Then, electric power is generated by taking out the change in electric charge as electric energy.
Then, by configuring at least one of the first electrode member and the second electrode member to be elastically deformable, a movable substrate on which an electrode is formed as in the prior art, and a spring drive that moves the movable substrate Compared with the case where the body and the body are formed separately, the length of the spring portion can be increased without the need to make the spring portion thin and without enlarging the power generation device.
Thereby, while suppressing the fall of intensity | strength, while achieving size reduction, the spring constant of one electrode member can be made small. Therefore, since the resonance frequency of one electrode member can be lowered, environmental vibration can be efficiently used as external vibration, and power generation efficiency can be improved.

The one electrode member is preferably provided with a weight portion having a specific gravity greater than that of the one electrode member.
According to this structure, it becomes easy to make the resonant frequency of one electrode member low, and it becomes easy to match the resonant frequency of one electrode member with a low frequency environmental vibration. Therefore, power generation efficiency can be improved with certainty.

Moreover, it is desirable that the weight portion is supported on the one electrode member extending continuously.
According to this configuration, since the weight portion is supported on one electrode member that continuously extends, the weight of the weight portion can be reduced without dividing one electrode member in the middle or changing the length. The thickness (size) can be adjusted as appropriate.

Moreover, it is desirable that the one electrode member has a plurality of spring portions, and the weight portion is connected between tip portions of the spring portions.
According to this structure, the enlargement to the direction orthogonal to the extension direction of the spring part accompanying the addition of a weight part can be suppressed.

Moreover, it is desirable to provide a guide mechanism for guiding the movement of the weight portion accompanying the relative movement between the first electrode member and the second electrode member.
According to this structure, the elastic deformation to the normal line direction of the opposing surface in one electrode member can be prevented, and the short circuit between a 1st electrode member and a 2nd electrode member can be prevented.

Moreover, it is desirable that the first electrode member and the second electrode member extend along one direction along the facing surface and a direction intersecting the one direction.
According to this configuration, since the overlapping area between the charge holding portion and the first electrode member changes according to displacement in a plurality of directions along the facing surface, and power generation can be performed, power generation efficiency can be further improved. .

Further, the one electrode member is formed in a spiral shape, and the other electrode member of the first electrode member and the second electrode member is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the one electrode member. It is desirable that
According to this configuration, since power generation is performed over the entire circumference of one electrode member, the power generation efficiency can be further improved.

Further, the one electrode member is formed in a spiral shape, and the other electrode member of the first electrode member and the second electrode member is formed in a columnar shape disposed inside the one electrode member. It is desirable that
According to this configuration, since power generation is performed over the entire circumference of one electrode member, the power generation efficiency can be further improved.

The substrate includes a substrate and a rotation shaft rotatably supported by the substrate, and the one electrode member is provided between the rotation shaft and the substrate, and reciprocates around the rotation shaft. It is preferable to be configured to rotate periodically.
According to this configuration, the overlapping area of the charge holding portion and the first electrode member increases or decreases when the rotation shaft rotates in a reciprocating cycle via the one electrode member, and accordingly, the charge of the first electrode member Increase or decrease. Then, power generation can be performed by taking out the change in the electric charge as electric energy.

The one electrode member is preferably formed in a spiral spring shape.
According to this configuration, since the spiral spring has a long free length, the torsion spring constant becomes small, and the resonance frequency of one of the electrode members can be lowered. Thereby, environmental vibration can be used as external vibration, and power generation efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, it is desirable that the rotating shaft is supported by the substrate via a vibration-proof bearing.
Since a considerable mass is required to secure the moment of inertia of the rotating shaft (weight portion), an impact force may act on the rotating shaft. According to this configuration, since the rotating shaft is supported via the vibration-proof bearing, it is possible to absorb the impact force acting on the rotating shaft and prevent the rotating shaft from being damaged.

Further, the pivot shaft is provided with a weight portion, and the weight portion is provided on a fan-shaped main body portion disposed opposite to the substrate and an arc portion around the main body portion. It is desirable to provide a thick weight.
According to this configuration, since the main body portion includes the weight in the peripheral arc portion, the moment of inertia is increased, and the resonance frequency of one electrode member can be lowered. Thereby, environmental vibration can be used as external vibration, and power generation efficiency can be improved.

The first electrode member preferably includes a base made of an insulating material and a conductive portion made of a conductive material formed on at least the facing surface on the base.
According to this configuration, the material cost can be reduced as compared with the case where the entire first electrode member is formed of a conductive material.

The first electrode member is preferably integrally formed of a conductive material.
According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the number of manufacturing steps and improve the manufacturing efficiency as compared with the case where the conductive portion is formed on the base made of an insulating material as described above.

In addition, the other electrode member of the first electrode member and the second electrode member may be disposed to face each other on both sides along the normal direction of the facing surface with the one electrode member interposed therebetween. desirable.
According to this configuration, power generation can be performed between one electrode member and each other electrode member, so that the amount of power generation can be increased.

Moreover, it is desirable that both the first electrode member and the second electrode member are configured to be elastically deformable, and each electrode member is set to have a different spring constant.
According to this configuration, when each of the first electrode member and the second electrode member elastically deforms in response to external vibration, the overlapping area between the charge holding portion and the first electrode member increases and decreases accordingly. The charge of the first electrode member increases or decreases. Then, power generation can be performed by taking out the change in the electric charge as electric energy.

In addition, an electrical device according to the present invention is characterized by including the above-described power generator of the present invention.
Further, a portable timepiece according to the present invention is characterized by including the power generation device of the present invention.
According to this configuration, since the power generation device having excellent power generation efficiency is provided, it is possible to provide an electronic device or a portable timepiece having excellent power supply reliability.
For example, when the power generation device is mounted on a portable electronic device or a portable timepiece, walking vibration is input to the power generation device when a person carrying the portable electric device or the portable timepiece walks. In the power generation device described above, the resonance frequency of one electrode member is lowered, so that one electrode member can be resonated by walking vibration. Thereby, since electric power can be efficiently generated using walking vibration, a portable electronic device or a portable timepiece having excellent power supply reliability can be provided.

According to the power generator of the present invention, at least one of the first electrode member and the second electrode member itself is configured to be elastically deformable, so that a movable substrate on which an electrode is formed as in the related art. Compared with the case where the spring drive body for moving the same is formed as a separate body, it is not necessary to make the spring portion thin and increase the length of the spring portion without enlarging the power generation device. Can do.
Thereby, while suppressing the fall of intensity | strength, while achieving size reduction, the spring constant of one electrode member can be made small. Therefore, since the resonance frequency of one electrode member can be lowered, environmental vibration can be efficiently used as external vibration, and power generation efficiency can be improved.
Further, according to the electronic device or the portable timepiece according to the present invention, since the power generation device having excellent power generation efficiency is provided, it is possible to provide an electronic device having excellent power supply reliability.

It is a top view of the power generator concerning a 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is a top view of the 2nd electrode member. It is a circuit diagram of the power generator concerning an embodiment. It is a top view which shows the modification of a 2nd electrode member. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is a top view which shows the modification of a 1st electrode member. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is a top view which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is a top view which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is a top view which shows the electric power generating apparatus (2nd electrode member) which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the CC line | wire of FIG. It is a top view which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is sectional drawing which follows the DD line | wire of FIG. It is side surface sectional drawing of the electric power generating apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is side surface sectional drawing of a 2nd electrode member. It is sectional drawing which follows the EE line | wire of FIG. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is a side view of the 2nd electrode member which shows the modification of a power generator. It is a top view of the 1st electrode member and the 2nd electrode member which show the modification of a power generator. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the electric power generating apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is side surface sectional drawing of an electric power generating apparatus. It is side surface sectional drawing of a vibration-proof bearing. It is a top view of the 2nd electrode member. It is a top view which shows the modification of a 2nd electrode member. (A) is side surface sectional drawing which shows the modification of an electric power generating apparatus, (b) is a top view of a 1st electrode member and a 2nd electrode member. FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a movement of a quartz wristwatch. It is explanatory drawing of the neutral position of a rotating weight.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the vertical direction in FIG. 1 is the “X direction”, the horizontal direction is the “Y direction”, the X direction, and the direction orthogonal to the Y direction is the “Z direction”.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the power generator according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation device 10 according to the first embodiment includes a first electrode member 11 that functions as an electrode, and a first electrode member 11 that is disposed to face the first electrode member 11 and includes an electret film (charge holding unit) 12. A two-electrode member 13.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the second electrode member.
First, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the second electrode member 13 includes a base body 14 and an electret film 12 disposed on the base body 14.
The base 14 can be formed of a conductive metal material such as brass, a ceramic material such as silicon, or a resin material such as glass epoxy. The substrate 14 of the present embodiment is a flat plate member made of a conductive material.

  The electret film 12 is formed of a polymer material such as a fluororesin or an inorganic material such as silicon oxide. Fluororesin includes PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer), PFA (tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer), ETFE (tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene). Copolymer), a fluorine-containing polymer having an aliphatic ring structure, and the like. Examples of the fluorine-containing polymer having an aliphatic ring structure include polymers described in JP-A-2006-180450. Examples of commercially available fluoropolymers having an aliphatic ring structure include CYTOP (registered trademark, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.). Further, examples of the electret film 12 include electrets described in International Publication No. 2008/114489 and International Publication No. 2010/032759.

  The electret film 12 can hold a predetermined charge semipermanently by cooling and solidifying while applying a high voltage or by implanting electrons by corona discharge. In the present embodiment, negative charges are held on the surface of the electret film 12 by implanting electrons by corona discharge. In this embodiment, since the substrate 14 is formed of a conductive material, the electret film 12 is formed directly on the substrate 14. When the base 14 is formed of an insulating material, a current collector made of a conductive material is continuously formed at least in the region where the electret film 12 is formed on the base 14, and the electret film 12 is formed on the current collector. That is, in this embodiment, since the base 14 is formed of a conductive material, the base 14 itself functions as a current collector.

  The electret film 12 is integrally formed in a wave shape extending along the Y direction perpendicular to the X direction while meandering on the base 14 along the X direction. Therefore, in the electret film | membrane 12, the part except the both ends along a X direction is arrange | positioned at intervals in the Y direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a pair of support portions 15 extending in parallel along the Z direction are provided upright at both ends of the base body 14 along the Y direction. These support portions 15 face each other in the Y direction with the base 14 interposed therebetween. Note that the support portion 15 of the present embodiment is formed of an insulating material in order to insulate the base 14 (second electrode member 13) and the first electrode member 11.

The first electrode member 11 is arranged with a gap in the Z direction with respect to the base body 14 and is configured to be elastically deformable while being spanned between the support portions 15. Specifically, the first electrode member 11 has a wavy spring portion 21 that extends along the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction while meandering along the X direction.
The first electrode member 11 can be formed of a metal material such as stainless steel, phosphor bronze, nickel alloy, or cobalt base alloy, a ceramic material such as silicon, or a polymer material such as parylene. The first electrode member 11 of this embodiment is formed of a cobalt-based alloy as a conductive material. That is, in this embodiment, the 1st electrode member 11 itself has the function of the electrode which can be elastically deformed.

The spring portion 21 is formed so that the length (amplitude) in the X direction and the interval (pitch) in the Y direction are equal to those of the electret film 12 described above and overlap the electret film 12 when viewed from the Z direction. .
Then, both end portions of the spring portion 21 in the Y direction extend from the center portion in the X direction toward the outside in the Y direction (on the support portion 15 side), and are connected to the respective support portions 15.

A weight portion 23 is supported on the spring portion 21. The weight portion 23 includes a pedestal portion 24 erected along the Z direction from the central portion (XY direction central portion) of the spring portion 21, and a flat weight main body portion 25 supported by the pedestal portion 24. ing.
The weight main body portion 25 is desirably formed of a material having a specific gravity greater than that of the spring portion 21, and is formed of, for example, platinum, gold, tungsten, or the like.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the power generator according to the embodiment.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, the circuit 31 of the power generation device 10 includes a bridge rectifier circuit 32 and a smoothing circuit 33.
The bridge type rectifier circuit 32 includes four diodes, and the current collector (base 14) of the electret film 12 and the first electrode member 11 (spring part 21) are connected to the input side thereof. The output side of the bridge type rectifier circuit 32 is connected to various electrical devices 34 via a smoothing circuit 33 having a smoothing capacitor.

  Since the electret film 12 holds a negative charge, the positive charge is attracted to the opposed first electrode member 11 by electrostatic induction. Then, the first electrode member 11 is elastically deformed in response to external vibration, and the first electrode member 11 is mainly on the surface facing the second electrode member 13 (mainly in the Y direction) with respect to the second electrode member 13. When moving along the Z direction, the overlapping area of the electret film 12 and the first electrode member 11 when viewed from the Z direction (hereinafter simply referred to as “overlapping area”) increases or decreases, and accordingly, the first electrode The charge of the member 11 increases or decreases. The electrostatic induction power generation device 10 generates power by taking out the change in the electric charge as electric energy. That is, the power generation device 10 including the circuit 31 functions as a DC power source.

Thus, in this embodiment, it was set as the structure which forms the 1st electrode member 11 (spring part 21) itself which functions as an electrode in the spring shape which can be elastically deformed.
According to this configuration, it is not necessary to make the spring portion 21 thinner and to generate power compared to the case where the movable substrate on which the electrodes are formed and the spring driving body that moves the movable substrate are separately formed as in the prior art. The length of the spring portion 21 can be increased without increasing the size of the device 10.
Thereby, while suppressing the fall of intensity | strength, while achieving size reduction, a spring constant can be made small. Therefore, since the resonance frequency of the first electrode member 11 can be lowered, it is possible to efficiently use environmental vibration as external vibration, and power generation efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, since the weight part 23 is supported by the first electrode member 11, the resonance frequency of the first electrode member 11 can be easily lowered, and the resonance frequency of the first electrode member 11 can be easily adjusted to low-frequency environmental vibration. . Therefore, power generation efficiency can be improved with certainty.
Moreover, in this embodiment, since the weight main-body part 25 has been arrange | positioned through the base part 24 in the center part of the 1st electrode member 11 formed continuously, the 1st electrode member 11 is divided on the way, length Without changing the weight, the weight (size) of the weight main body 25 can be adjusted as appropriate. For example, when the size of the weight main body 25 is enlarged, the weight main body 25 can be accommodated within the width in the surface direction of the base body 14 by enlarging in the XY direction. An increase in size can be suppressed.

  Further, by forming the first electrode member 11 integrally with a conductive material, for example, compared to the case where the conductive material is formed on a base made of an insulating material, the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved. Can do.

(Modification)
Next, a modification of the first embodiment will be described. In the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the electret film 12 is formed in the same shape as the spring portion 21 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the electret film 12 may be formed in a comb shape. Specifically, the electret film 12 shown in FIG. 5 extends along the X direction and has a plurality of extending portions 35 arranged at intervals along the Y direction, and one end of each extending portion 35 in the X direction. And a common portion 36 that extends along the Y direction on the side and connects the extended portions 35 together.

Moreover, although the 1st electrode member 11 shown in 1st Embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the structure which arrange | positions the weight main-body part 25 via the base part 24 on the 1st electrode member 11, as shown in FIG. You may connect in the middle part of the extension direction in the 1 electrode member 11. FIG. Specifically, the first electrode member 11 shown in FIG. 6 includes a pair of spring portions 21 extending inward in the Y direction from the respective support portions 15, and inner end portions (tips) of the spring portions 21 in the Y direction. The weight part 23 (weight main body part 25) is connected between the parts. That is, the spring part 21 bridges between the weight part 23 and the support part 15.
According to this configuration, since the enlargement in the Z direction due to the addition of the weight portion 23 can be suppressed, compared to the case where the weight portion 23 is disposed on the first electrode member 11 as in the first embodiment described above. Thus, the power generation device 10 can be reduced in size in the Z direction. In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to use a material having a relatively large specific gravity for the weight portion 23.

  Furthermore, although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the case where the spring part 21 of the 1st electrode member 11 was formed in the wave shape, not only this but the spring part 21 can employ | adopt various shapes. For example, like the spring part 21 shown in FIG. 7, the structure which connects the vertexes of a rhombus frame-shaped member seeing from a Z direction and it extends along a Y direction may be sufficient.

Moreover, although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the case where the spring part 21 itself was formed with an electroconductive material and comprised the 1st electrode member 11, it is not restricted to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a spring part (base body) 41 made of an insulating material formed so as to bridge between the support parts 15 and a conductive material made of a conductive material formed so as to cover the spring part 41. The first electrode member 11 may be formed by the portion 42.
In this case, the conductive portion 42 is preferably formed only on the surface of the spring portion 41 that faces the electret film 12. Thereby, compared with the case where the 1st electrode member 11 whole is formed with an electroconductive material, the fall of material cost can be aimed at. Note that the entire spring portion 41 may be covered with the conductive portion 42.

In the embodiment described above, the second electrode member 13 is described as the fixed side and the first electrode member 11 is set as the movable side. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first electrode member 54 is fixed and the second electrode member 51 is movable. You may form in the side. As shown in FIG. 9, first, the second electrode member 51 is disposed on the surface of the spring portion 52 made of a conductive material that spans between the support portions 15 and at least the first electrode member 54 in the spring portion 52. An electret film (charge holding portion) 53. The spring portion 52 functions as a current collector, and is configured to be elastically deformable between the support portions 15.
On the other hand, the first electrode member 54 includes a flat substrate 55 made of an insulating material, and a conductive portion 56 formed on the substrate 55. The conductive portion 56 is formed so as to overlap the electret film 53 described above when viewed from the Z direction. In the case where the substrate 55 itself is formed of a conductive material, an insulating film is formed in a region other than the region overlapping the electret film 53 when viewed from the Z direction on the substrate 55.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where only one of the first electrode member and the second electrode member is elastically deformable has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first electrode member shown in FIG. 11 and the second electrode member 51 shown in FIG. 9 may be adopted, and both the first electrode member 11 and the second electrode member 51 may be configured to be elastically deformable. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the first electrode member 11 includes an elastically deformable spring portion 21 that bridges between a pair of support portions 15, and the weight portion 23 is supported on the spring portion 21. ing.
On the other hand, the second electrode member 51 bridges between the pair of support portions 15 and, for example, an elastically deformable spring portion 52 formed in the same shape as the first electrode member, and at least the first electrode member in the spring portion 52 The electret film | membrane 53 arrange | positioned by the opposing surface with 54 is provided. In this case, in order to generate a phase difference between the first electrode member 11 and the second electrode member 51 at the time of external vibration input, it is preferable to make both spring constants different.

In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the second electrode member 13 is disposed on one side along the Z direction with respect to the first electrode member 11 has been described. However, the configuration is not limited thereto, and the first electrode member 11 is interposed therebetween. You may arrange | position a pair of 2nd electrode member 13 on both sides along a Z direction on both sides.
Specifically, each of the second electrode members 13 shown in FIG. 11 has the same configuration as that of the second electrode member 13 shown in FIG. 1, and includes a base 14 and an electret film 12 disposed on the base 14. doing. And among each 2nd electrode member 13, one 2nd electrode member 13 is arrange | positioned so that the one end sides along the Z direction in the support part 15 may be bridged, and the other 2nd electrode member 13 is in the support part 15. It arrange | positions so that the other end side along a Z direction may be bridged.

The first electrode member 11 has substantially the same configuration as the first electrode member 11 shown in FIG. 8, and in the present modification, both Z-direction surfaces of the spring portion 41 are covered with the conductive portion 42.
And between the electroconductive part 42 formed in one surface of the 1st electrode member 11, and the one 2nd electrode member 13, the 1st electric power generation part 58 is comprised, and the other of the 1st electric power generation part 58 is comprised. A second power generation unit 59 is configured between the conductive portion 42 formed on the surface and the other second electrode member 13.
According to this configuration, power generation can be performed between the first electrode member 11 and each second electrode member 13, so that the amount of power generation can be increased.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the spring portion 21 extends along one direction (for example, the Y direction) has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the spring portion 21 is formed so as to extend along a plurality of directions. It doesn't matter. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the spring portion 21 extends along the Y direction and the X direction orthogonal to the Y direction, or a plurality of crossing at a predetermined angle with respect to one direction as shown in FIG. 13. The spring portion 21 may be extended along the direction. In this case, by forming the electret film 12 of the second electrode member 13 so as to overlap with the spring part 21 in the Z direction, the electret film 12 and the spring part 21 according to displacement in a plurality of directions as well as in one direction. Since the overlapping area changes with the power generation, the power generation efficiency can be further improved.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiment and each modification can be employed in appropriate combination.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. 14 is a plan view of the power generation device (second electrode member) of the second embodiment, FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 14, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to line CC in FIG. It is. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above in that it includes a guide mechanism that guides the movement of the weight portion associated with the relative movement between the first electrode member and the second electrode member.
As shown in FIGS. 14-16, the electric power generating apparatus 100 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is arrange | positioned facing the 1st electrode member 101 (refer FIG. 15) which functions as an electrode, and the 1st electrode member 101, and electret film | membrane 102 is made. And a second electrode member 103.

First, the second electrode member 103 is formed by forming a pair of comb-like electret films 102 on a substrate 105. Note that the base body 105 of the present embodiment is formed of a conductive material.
Each electret film 102 includes a common portion 110 extending along the Y direction outside the X direction in the base body 105, and a plurality of extending portions 111 extending from the common portion 110 toward the inside in the X direction. Yes. The extending portions 111 are arranged at intervals along the Y direction.
Further, a groove 113 extending along the Y direction is formed at the center of the base body 105 in the X direction. Thus, each electret film 102 is partitioned in the X direction. A support portion 15 is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the base body 105 so as to surround the base body 105.

  The first electrode member 101 includes a pair of elastically deformable spring portions 116 extending inward in the Y direction from the support portions 15 opposed in the Y direction, and a weight portion 117 is connected between the pair of spring portions 116. Has been. The weight portion 117 is formed in a spherical shape, and its outer peripheral surface is in contact with the opening edge of the groove portion 113 of the base body 105 described above. In this embodiment, the weight portion 117 is formed of an insulating material. However, if the insulation between the first electrode member 101 and the second electrode member 103 is achieved, the weight portion 117 is formed of a conductive material. It doesn't matter.

  A support substrate 118 is disposed on the opposite side of the base body 105 along the Z direction with the first electrode member 101 interposed therebetween. The support substrate 118 is formed with a groove 119 that faces the groove 113 of the base body 105 in the Z direction. The outer peripheral surface of the weight portion 117 is in contact with the opening edge of the groove portion 119. That is, the groove portions 113 and 119 support both sides of the weight portion 117 in the Z direction, respectively, and guide the movement of the weight portion 117 in the Y direction accompanying the elastic deformation of the first electrode member 101 (spring portion 116). 120 is configured. In addition, you may form the groove parts 113 and 119 so that the weight part 117 may be accommodated inside.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the weight part 117 is supported by the groove parts 113 and 119 of the guide mechanism 120, the movement of the weight part 117 in the Y direction is guided, while the X direction of the weight part 117, And movement in the Z direction can be restricted. Therefore, the first electrode member 101 can be prevented from being bent and deformed in the X direction and the Z direction, and a short circuit between the first electrode member 101 and the second electrode member 103 can be prevented.

(Modification)
Next, a modification of the second embodiment will be described. 17 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 14, and FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the line DD in FIG. In FIG. 17, description of the support portion 15, the support substrate 118, and the like is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, a weight support member 121 that rotatably supports the weight portion 117 is connected between the pair of spring portions 116. The weight support member 121 is formed in a ring shape when viewed from the Z direction, and the spring portions 116 are connected to positions facing each other in the Y direction in the radial direction. A weight part 117 is rotatably accommodated inside the weight support member 121.
According to this configuration, the weight portion 117 moves along the Y direction while rotating within the weight support member 121 as the first electrode member 101 (spring portion 116) is elastically deformed. Therefore, the frictional resistance between the weight part 117 and the groove parts 113 and 119 can be reduced to enable smooth movement and improve durability.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the power generation device of the third embodiment, and FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the second electrode member. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. The present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the power generation device has a cylindrical shape.
As shown in FIGS. 19 to 21, the power generation device 200 according to the third embodiment is disposed to face the first electrode member 211 functioning as an electrode and the first electrode member 211, and an electret film (charge holding unit) 212 is provided. And a second electrode member 213.

First, the second electrode member 213 includes a cylindrical tube portion 214 made of a conductive material, and an electret film 212 disposed on the inner surface of the tube portion 214. Note that the cylindrical portion 214 may be formed of an insulating material, and the electret film 212 may be formed thereon via a current collector.
In the electret film 212, a plurality of ring portions formed along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 214 are arranged at intervals in the Z direction, and these ring portions are connected together by a common portion extending along the Z direction. It consists of The electret film 212 may be formed in a spiral shape along the axial direction (Z direction) of the cylindrical portion 214.

  In addition, a pair of support portions 215 made of an insulating material are disposed at both ends of the cylindrical portion 214 in the Z direction so as to close the respective openings. The support portion 215 may be formed of a conductive material or an insulating material as long as insulation between the first electrode member 211 and the second electrode member 213 is achieved.

The first electrode member 211 includes a spring portion 221 disposed inside the cylindrical portion 214. The spring portion 221 is configured to be elastically deformable by winding a conductive material in a spiral shape along the Z direction. The spring portion 221 is disposed to face the electret film 212 of the second electrode member 213 described above with a gap in the radial direction. In the first electrode member 211, a conductive portion made of a conductive material may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of a spring portion (base) made of an insulating material.
Further, a weight portion 223 is disposed at one end edge along the Z direction of the spring portion 221.

According to this configuration, the spring portion 221 of the first electrode member 211 is elastically deformed according to external vibration, and the first electrode member 211 faces the second electrode member 213 with respect to the second electrode member 213 (main surface). Relative to the Z direction), the overlapping area of the electret film 212 and the spring portion 221 of the first electrode member 211 when viewed from the radial direction increases or decreases, and accordingly, the first electrode member The electric charge of 211 increases or decreases. Then, power generation can be performed by taking out the change in the electric charge as electric energy.
According to the present embodiment, the second electrode member 213 is disposed so as to surround the first electrode member 211 from the outside, thereby generating power over the entire circumference of the first electrode member 211. Therefore, it is possible to improve the power generation area as compared with the flat plate type power generation apparatus in each embodiment described above, and to further improve the power generation efficiency. Moreover, since it formed in the cylinder shape which makes a Z direction an axial direction, size reduction to an XY direction can be achieved. Note that the cylindrical portion 214 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and can be appropriately changed in design such as a rectangular tube shape.

(Modification)
Next, a modification of the third embodiment will be described.
In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the weight portion 223 is disposed at the edge of the spring portion 221 has been described. However, the configuration is not limited thereto, and the spring portion 221 may be connected at a midway portion in the extending direction. Specifically, the first electrode member 211 shown in FIG. 22 includes a pair of spring portions 221 extending from the respective support portions 215 (see FIG. 19) toward the inside in the Z direction. A weight portion 223 is connected between the inner end portions (tip portions).
Further, as shown in FIG. 23, a ring-shaped weight portion 223 may be passed through the spring portion 221.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the second electrode member 213 is disposed so as to surround the first electrode member 211 from the outside has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second electrode is disposed inside the first electrode member 211. You may arrange a member.
Specifically, the power generation device 200 illustrated in FIGS. 24 to 26 is loosely inserted inside the first electrode member 211, the cylindrical portion 230 surrounding the first electrode member 211 from the outside, and the first electrode member 211. A second electrode member 231.

The second electrode member 231 includes a columnar base 232 made of a conductive material, and an electret film 233 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the base 232. The base 232 extends along the Z direction, and both ends thereof are supported by the support portion 215. Note that the base 232 may be formed of an insulating material, and the electret film 233 may be formed thereon via a current collector.
In the electret film 233, a plurality of ring portions formed along the circumferential direction of the base 232 are arranged at intervals in the Z direction, and these ring portions are connected together by a common portion extending along the Z direction. It consists of The electret film 233 may be formed in a spiral shape along the axial direction (Z direction) of the base 232.

  In addition, the second electrode member 213 shown in FIG. That is, the second electrode members 213 and 231 may be arranged so as to sandwich the first electrode member 211 from both sides in the radial direction. Thereby, since electric power generation can be performed between the first electrode member 211 and the second electrode member 213 and between the first electrode member 211 and the second electrode member 231, the amount of power generation can be increased. Can do. In this case, the first electrode member 211 has a structure in which the spring portion 221 itself is formed of an insulating material, and a conductive material is formed on the surface of the spring portion 221 facing the first electrode member 211 and the second electrode member 231. preferable.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 27, the second electrode member itself may function as a weight portion. Specifically, the second electrode member 251 includes a weight member 250 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape made of an insulating material. The weight member 250 includes a top wall portion 252 and a cylindrical portion 253 extending from the outer peripheral edge of the top wall portion 252 along the Z-axis direction.
The top wall part 252 supports the spring part 221 of the first electrode member 211 between the support part 215.
A current collector 254 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 253, and an electret film (charge holding portion) 255 is formed on the inner surface of the current collector 254.
According to this configuration, since it is not necessary to provide the weight part separately, the number of parts can be reduced. Note that the weight member 250 may be formed of a conductive material as long as the insulation with the first electrode member 211 is achieved.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 28 is an exploded perspective view of the power generator according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view.
As shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the power generation device 300 according to the present embodiment includes a first substrate (substrate) 301, and a second substrate (substrate) 302 disposed to face the first substrate 301 in the Z direction. A rotating weight 303 that is connected to a rotating shaft 311 that is rotatably supported between the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 302, and rotates relative to the substrates 301 and 302, and a second substrate 302. And a first electrode member 304 configured to be elastically deformable with the rotation shaft 311, and a second electrode member 305 formed on the inner surface of the second substrate 302.

  The first substrate 301 and the second substrate 302 can be formed of a metal material such as brass, a ceramic material such as silicon, or a resin material such as glass epoxy. The first substrate 301 and the second substrate 302 of this embodiment are formed in a disk shape from glass epoxy.

  Between the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 302, a rotation shaft 311 having the Z direction as an axial direction is disposed. The rotating shaft 311 is formed of a conductive metal material or the like. The rotation shaft 311 is disposed on a normal line passing through the centers of the inner surfaces of the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 302. At both ends in the Z direction of the rotation shaft 311, a tenon 312 having a smaller diameter than the central portion in the Z direction is formed.

A bearing mechanism 320 is provided on the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 302 in order to rotatably support the boss 312 of the rotation shaft 311. Hereinafter, the bearing mechanism 320 of the second substrate 302 will be described as an example, but the bearing mechanism 320 of the first substrate 301 is formed in the same manner.
As shown in FIG. 29, the bearing mechanism 320 includes a hole stone 322 disposed so as to cover the outer periphery of the hojo 312 and a stone 324 disposed so as to cover an end portion of the hozo 312 in the Z direction. . The hole stone 322 and the stone 324 are formed of ruby or diamond which is an insulating material having excellent wear resistance. A through hole is formed at the center of the hole stone 322. The hole stone 322 and the stone 324 are press-fitted into a countersink hole 316 formed at the center of the outer surface of the second substrate 302. A through hole is also formed at the center of the bottom surface of the counterbore hole 316. Then, from the inside of the second substrate 302, the tenon 312 is inserted into the through hole of the second substrate 302 and the through hole of the hole stone 322, and the tenon 312 is rotatably supported.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration-proof bearing. Instead of the bearing mechanism 320 shown in FIG. 29, a vibration-resistant bearing 420 shown in FIG. 30 can be adopted.
The vibration-resistant bearing 420 includes a bearing body 415 serving as a base. As will be described later, since the bearing body 415 may come into contact with the rotating shaft 421, it is desirable to form the bearing body 415 with an insulating material or to form an insulating film on the surface of the bearing body 415. A hole 422 and a stone 424 are sequentially inserted into the counterbore 415a of the bearing body 415. The hole stone 422 and the stone 424 are disposed on a tapered surface 416 formed at the bottom of the counterbore hole 415a. The hole stone 422 and the stone 424 are urged toward the bottom side of the counterbore hole 415a by the spring 428.

  When an impact force in the Z direction acts on the rotation shaft 421, the spring 428 bends and allows the displacement of the rotation shaft 421 to absorb the impact force. An excessive displacement of the rotating shaft 421 is restricted by the contact between the shoulder 421 s of the rotating shaft 421 and the bearing body 415. On the other hand, when an impact force in a direction perpendicular to the axis (XY direction) acts on the rotation shaft 421, the hole stone 422 moves along the tapered surface 416 to allow the displacement of the rotation shaft 421 and absorb the impact force. . An excessive displacement of the rotation shaft 421 is restricted by contact between the neck portion 421n of the rotation shaft 421 and the through hole of the bearing body 415.

  As will be described later, the rotating weight 303 fixed to the rotating shaft 421 has a considerable mass in order to secure the moment of inertia. Therefore, an impact force may act on the rotation shaft 421. On the other hand, if the rotating shaft 421 is supported via the vibration-proof bearing 420 as described above, the impact force acting on the rotating shaft 421 is absorbed to prevent the rotating shaft 421 from being damaged. Can do.

As shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, a rotating weight 303 is provided that rotates relative to the first substrate 301 while being opposed to the first substrate 301.
The rotating weight 303 can be formed of a metal material such as brass, a ceramic material such as silicon, or a resin material such as glass epoxy. The rotating weight 303 of this embodiment is formed in a fan plate shape with brass. The rotating weight 303 includes a fan-shaped main body 342 disposed to face the first substrate 301, and a weight 348 provided on the peripheral arc of the main body 342 and formed thicker than the main body 342. I have. The main body portion 342 and the weight portion 348 of this embodiment are integrally formed. A through hole 341 is formed at the center of the main body 342, and the rotation shaft 311 is press-fitted into the through hole 341.

  Note that the main body portion 342 and the weight portion 348 may be formed separately and connected using a fastening member, an adhesive, or the like. When the main body portion 342 and the weight portion 348 are formed separately, it is desirable to form the weight portion 348 with a material having a specific gravity greater than that of the main body portion 342. For example, the main body portion 342 is formed of brass, and the weight portion 348 is formed of platinum, gold, tungsten, or the like. As a result, the moment of inertia of the rotating weight 303 can be increased while suppressing a significant increase in the weight of the rotating weight 303.

The first electrode member 304 is formed in a spiral spring shape that can be elastically deformed, and supports the rotating weight 303 so as to be rotated in a reciprocating cycle with respect to the first substrate 301.
The first electrode member 304 is connected to a spring portion 332 obtained by curving an elongated thin plate in a spiral shape, a connecting member 331 connected to a central end portion of the spring portion 332, and an outer peripheral end portion of the spring portion 332. And a fixed member 338. The spring portion 332 is formed of a conductive material such as a cobalt base alloy. Note that the spring portion 332 may be formed of an elastically deformable insulating material, and a conductive portion made of a conductive material may be formed at least on the surface facing the second electrode member 305.
The connecting member 331 is formed in a ring shape from a conductive material, and a rotation shaft 311 is press-fitted into the center hole thereof. On the other hand, the fixing member 338 is formed in a pin shape from a conductive material, and is press-fitted into a fixing hole 318 formed in the inner surface of the second substrate 302.

  As described above, the rotation shaft 311, the connecting member 331, the spring portion 332, and the fixing member 338 are all formed of a conductive material, and the first electrode member 304 is electrically connected to the outside via these members. . In this embodiment, in order to electrically connect the first electrode member 304 to the outside, at least the spring portion 332 and the fixing member 338 may be conductive materials.

FIG. 31 is a plan view of the second electrode member.
As shown in FIGS. 29 and 31, the second electrode member 305 includes a base 350 disposed on the inner surface of the second substrate 302 and an electret film (charge holding unit) 351 formed on the inner surface of the base 350. ing.
The base 350 is formed in a disk shape having a larger diameter than the spring portion 332 of the first electrode member 304 described above, and a through hole 350a into which the rotating shaft 311 is loosely inserted is formed at the center. In the present embodiment, the base body 350 is formed of a conductive material and functions as a current collector for the second electrode member 305. In addition, a through-hole 350b having a larger diameter than the above-described fixing member 338 is formed in a portion of the outer peripheral portion of the base body 350 that overlaps with the above-described fixing member 338 in the XY direction. The fixing member 338 described above is loosely inserted into the through hole 350b and then press-fitted into the fixing hole 318. Accordingly, gaps are provided between the through hole 350a and the rotation shaft 311 and between the through hole 350b and the fixing member 338, respectively, so that the first electrode member 304 and the second electrode member 305 are insulated. Yes.

  The electret film 351 is spirally curved along the same direction as the spring portion 332, and is formed so as to overlap with the spring portion 332 when viewed from the Z direction.

  According to this configuration, when external vibration is input, the rotation weight 303 and the rotation shaft 311 rotate, and accordingly, the interval between the spring portions 332 of the first electrode member 304 expands in the radial direction. Elastically deforms to shrink. Thereby, the overlapping area of the second electrode member 305 with the electret film 351 increases or decreases, and the charge of the first electrode member 304 increases or decreases accordingly. Then, power generation can be performed by taking out the change in the electric charge as electric energy.

  In particular, since the first electrode member 304 forms a spring-mass system together with the inertia moment of the rotating weight 303, the rotating weight 303 resonates and rotates reciprocally with respect to the first substrate 301. . Since the spring portion 332 of the first electrode member 304 has a long free length, the torsion spring constant becomes small. Since the rotating weight 303 includes the weight portion 348 in the peripheral arc portion, the moment of inertia increases. The resonance frequency can be lowered. Thereby, environmental vibration can be used as external vibration. In the present embodiment, the torsional spring constant of the spring portion 332 and / or the moment of inertia of the rotating weight 303 is set so that the resonance frequency of the rotating weight 303 matches the frequency (1 to 2 Hz) of vibration associated with human walking. Has been adjusted. Thus, when a person carrying the power generation device 300 walks, walking vibration is input to the power generation device 300, and the rotating weight 303 is resonantly rotated.

(Modification)
Next, a modification of the fourth embodiment will be described.
In the embodiment described above, the case where the electret film 351 is formed in a spiral shape has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various shapes can be employed. For example, as shown in FIG. 32, a plurality of electret films (charge holding portions) 361 formed along the circumferential direction are arranged at intervals in the radial direction, and the electret films 361 are partitioned at predetermined angles in the circumferential direction. A plurality of electret film groups 362 may be used.
In this case, with the elastic deformation of the spring portion 332, the overlapping area increases and decreases between the spring portion 332 and each electret film group 362, and power generation is performed in each, so that the amount of power generation can be increased. it can.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the second electrode member 305 is described as the fixed side and the first electrode member 304 is set as the movable side. However, the present invention is not limited to this. May be on the movable side.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 33, both the first electrode member 304 and the second electrode member 305 may be configured to be elastically deformable. Specifically, the first electrode member 304 includes a spring portion 332, a connecting member 331, and a fixing member 338, as in the above-described embodiment, and the fixing member 338 is formed on the first substrate 301 (see FIG. 29). It is press-fitted into a fixing hole (not shown).

On the other hand, like the first electrode member 304, the second electrode member 305 includes a spring portion 372, a connecting member 373, and a fixing member 374. The fixing member 374 is formed in a fixing hole (not shown) formed in the second substrate 302. It is press-fitted. In the spring portion 372 of the second electrode member 305, a base body 376 made of a conductive material is curved in a spiral shape, and an electret film 377 is formed on the surface of the base body 376 facing the spring portion 332 of the first electrode member 304. . Moreover, as shown in FIG.33 (b), as for each spring part 332,372, the winding direction is mutually reverse. In addition, in order to insulate between the 1st electrode member 304 and the 2nd electrode member 305, either the rotating shaft 311 and the connection members 331 and 373 are made into an insulating material, or it insulates between each structural member. It is preferable to form a film.
According to this configuration, since the winding directions of the spring portions 332 and 372 are opposite to each other, the spring portions 332 and 372 are rotated at the same position in the circumferential direction as the rotation shaft 311 rotates. The reduction deformation is reversed. Therefore, the overlapping area increases and decreases between the first electrode member 304 and the second electrode member 305, and power generation is performed.
In addition, even when the winding directions of the spring portions 332 and 372 are the same, the fixing points of the spring portions 332 and 372 are different in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, or the pitches of the spring portions 332 and 372 are different. The first electrode member 304 and the second electrode member 305 may generate power by causing an overlapping area to increase or decrease.

(Quartz-type wristwatch)
A quartz wristwatch will be described as an example of an electric device including the power generation device according to the embodiment.
FIG. 34 is an internal structure diagram of the movement of the quartz wristwatch. The quartz wristwatch 1 includes, for example, a power generation device 300 according to the fourth embodiment, a crystal resonator 2, a circuit board 3, a coil 4, a stator 5, a rotor 6, and a gear 8. Among them, the circuit board 3 includes an oscillation circuit, a frequency divider circuit, and a drive circuit.

  When a voltage is applied from the power generation device 10 to the crystal unit 2, the crystal unit 2 outputs an electrical signal having a predetermined frequency due to the piezoelectric effect. When this electric signal is input to the circuit board 3, the oscillation circuit oscillates stably at a predetermined frequency. The frequency dividing circuit counts the output signal of the oscillation circuit and outputs a pulse signal every predetermined time. The drive circuit alternately reverses the drive current of the coil 4 using the pulse signal as a trigger. With this drive current, the coil 4 generates a magnetic field, applies a magnetic field to the rotor 6 from both ends of the stator 5, and rotates the rotor 6 having a permanent magnet. The gear 8 is rotated by the rotation of the rotor 6 and the quartz wristwatch 1 is driven.

According to this configuration, since the power generation device 300 having excellent power generation efficiency is provided, the quartz wristwatch 1 having excellent power supply reliability can be provided.
That is, when a person wearing the quartz wristwatch 1 walks, walking vibration is input to the power generation apparatus 300. In the power generation device 300 according to the embodiment, since the resonance frequency is low, the first electrode member 304 can be resonated by walking vibration. Thereby, since it can generate electric power efficiently using walk vibration, the quartz wristwatch 1 excellent in the reliability of electric power supply can be provided. In addition, if the electric power generating apparatus 300 which concerns on embodiment is used together with the conventional button battery, a button battery can be prolonged.

FIG. 35 is an explanatory diagram of the neutral position of the rotating weight. In FIG. 35, the size and arrangement of the rotating weight 303 are exaggerated for the sake of clarity.
The pedestrian 80 walks while swinging the arm 81 forward and backward, but generally the forward swing angle is larger than the backward swing angle. When the arm 81 of the pedestrian 80 wearing the wristwatch 1 is at the intermediate point 81m of the above-described front and rear swing angle range, the position of the rotating weight 303 is such that the center of gravity of the rotating weight 303 is vertically below the rotating shaft. , And set to the neutral position of the rotating weight 303. The neutral position of the rotating weight 303 is the position of the rotating weight 303 in a state where the restoring force from the spiral spring is not acting. When the wristwatch 1 is attached to the left arm, the center of gravity of the rotating weight 303 in the neutral position is arranged in a direction around 2 o'clock (from the 3 o'clock direction to an angle θ in the counterclockwise direction) when viewed from the rotating shaft 311. The

  Since the pedestrian 80 walks by swinging his / her arm up and down from the middle point 81m by the same angle, the rotating weight 303 rotates from the neutral position by the same angle in the direction in which the spiral spring rolls up and unwinds. Thereby, the rotation amplitude of the rotation weight 303 is increased, and the amount of change in the overlapping area between the electret film and the electrode is also increased. Therefore, power generation efficiency can be improved.

It should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes those in which various modifications are made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In other words, the specific materials and layer configurations described in the embodiments are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate.
For example, it is possible to combine the above-described embodiment and each modification as appropriate.
Moreover, as long as at least one of the first electrode member and the second electrode member can be elastically deformed, the shape and the like can be appropriately changed.
In the quartz wristwatch 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the case where the power generation device 300 according to the fourth embodiment is mounted among the power generation devices has been described. However, the power generation device according to another embodiment can also be mounted. It is.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the power generation device is mounted on the quartz wristwatch 1 as an example of the electronic device has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this and can be mounted on various electronic devices. For example, it is possible to monitor the tire air pressure by mounting it on a tire pressure sensor of a vehicle and generating power using vibration during traveling, or to mount it on a suspension device of a vehicle.
Further, the power generation device may be mounted on the shoe sole, and the power generation device may be electrically connected to the light source, and light may be emitted from the light source by generating power using vibration during walking.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Quartz-type wristwatch (electric equipment, portable timepiece) 10, 100, 200, 300 ... Power generator 11, 54, 211, 304 ... First electrode member 12, 53, 102, 212, 255, 351, 361 ... Electret Membranes 13, 51, 103, 213, 231, 251, 305... Second electrode member 23, 117, 223, 348 ... Weight part 34 ... Electric equipment 41 ... Spring part (base) 42, 56 ... Conductive part 55 ... Base 120 ... Guide mechanism 301 ... First substrate (substrate) 302 ... Second substrate (substrate) 303 ... Rotating weight (weight) 311 ... Rotating shaft 342 ... Main body

Claims (18)

A first electrode member functioning as an electrode;
A second electrode member disposed opposite to the first electrode member and having a charge holding portion,
Of the first electrode member and the second electrode member, at least one electrode member is configured to be elastically deformable,
The overlapping area between the first electrode member and the charge holding portion of the second electrode member is changed by the relative movement of the first electrode member and the second electrode member along the opposing surface. A featured power generator.   The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the one electrode member is provided with a weight portion having a specific gravity greater than that of the one electrode member.   The power generator according to claim 2, wherein the weight portion is supported on the one electrode member that extends continuously. The one electrode member has a plurality of spring portions,
The power generator according to claim 2, wherein the weight portion is connected between tip portions of the spring portion.   5. The guide mechanism according to claim 2, further comprising a guide mechanism that guides the movement of the weight portion accompanying the relative movement of the first electrode member and the second electrode member. Power generator.   The said 1st electrode member and the said 2nd electrode member are extended along the direction which cross | intersects the one direction along the said opposing surface, and the said one direction. The power generation device according to any one of the above. The one electrode member is formed in a spiral shape,
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the other electrode member of the first electrode member and the second electrode member is formed in a cylindrical shape surrounding the one electrode member. The power generator according to claim 1. The one electrode member is formed in a spiral shape,
The other electrode member of the first electrode member and the second electrode member is formed in a columnar shape arranged inside the one electrode member. And the power generation device according to claim 7. A substrate,
A rotation shaft supported rotatably on the substrate,
2. The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the one electrode member is provided between the rotation shaft and the substrate, and is configured to rotate the rotation shaft in a reciprocating cycle. 3.   The power generator according to claim 9, wherein the one electrode member is formed in a spiral spring shape.   The power generator according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the rotating shaft is supported by the substrate via a vibration-proof bearing. The pivot shaft is provided with a weight portion,
The weight portion is a fan-like body portion disposed to face the substrate;
The power generator according to any one of claims 9 to 11, further comprising: a weight provided in a peripheral arc portion of the main body portion and formed thicker than the main body portion.   The said 1st electrode member is equipped with the base | substrate which consists of insulating materials, and the electroconductive part which consists of an electroconductive material formed on the said opposing surface at least on the said base | substrate. The power generation device according to any one of 12.   The power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first electrode member is integrally formed of a conductive material.   The other electrode member of the first electrode member and the second electrode member is disposed opposite to both sides along the normal direction of the facing surface with the one electrode member interposed therebetween, The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.   The first electrode member and the second electrode member are both configured to be elastically deformable, and each electrode member is set to have a different spring constant. The power generation device according to any one of the above.   An electric device comprising the power generation device according to claim 1.   A portable timepiece comprising the power generation device according to claim 1.

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